A Description of Plot in Nicola Yoon's Novel Everything

A DESCRIPTION OF PLOT IN NICOLA YOON’S NOVEL EVERYTHING EVERYTHING

A PAPER

SYIFA ANDRIZHA

REG. NO: 152202021

DIPLOMA – III ENGLISH STUDY PROGRAM

FACULTY OF CULTURE STUDY

UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA

MEDAN

2018

UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA AUTHOR’S DECLARATION

I am, SYIFA ANDRIZHA AZHARI, declare that I am the sole author of this paper.

Except where the reference is made in the text of this paper, this paper contains no material published elsewhere or extracted in whole or in part from a paper by which I have qualified for or awarded another degree.

No other person’s work has been used without due acknowledgement in the main text of this paper. This paper has not been submitted for the award or another degree in any tertiary education.

Signed :

Date :

UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA COPYRIGHT DECLARATION

Name : SYIFA ANDRIZHA AZHARI

Title of Paper : A DESCRIPTION OF PLOT IN NICOLA YOON’S

NOVEL EVERYTHING EVERYTHING

Qualification : D-III / Ahli Madya

Study Program : English

I am willing that my paper should be available for reproduction at the discretion of the

Libertarian of the Diploma III English Study Program Faculty of Cultural studies, USU on the understanding that users are made aware of their obligation under law of the

Republic of Indonesia.

Signed :

Date :

UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Bismillahirrahmanirrahim,

Alhamdulillah, in the name of Allah SWT, The writer would like to thank God and Prophet Muhammad SAW for blessing and giving me the opportunity, health, strength, and ability to accomplish this paper in order to fulfill one of the requirements to finish my study at Diploma III English Study Program, University of Sumatera Utara.

This paper would not haven’t been complited without some contributions and suports from many people. I also wants to express my sincere thanks to :

1. The Rector of University of Sumatera Utara, Prof. Dr. Runtung Sitepu,

SH, M.Hum.

2. The Dean of Faculty of Cultural Studies University of Sumatera Utara, Dr.

Budi Agustono, M.S.

3. The Head of English Diploma Study Program, Dra. Swesana Mardia

Lubis, M.Hum.

4. My Supervisor, Drs. Parlindungan Purba, M.Hum. for his precious time

for helping, correcting, supporting and guiding me until this paper

accomplished.

5. All the lecturers of English Diploma Study Program who taught me much

and contributes the knowledge during the academic years. As your student I

truly appreciate for all of you have done to me.

iii

UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA 6. My deepest and greatest gratitude thanks to my beloved mother, ERNI

ANDRIANI, the most special woman in my life, and my first love, my

father, AZHARI MD, for their pray, unconditional love, attention and

support me all the time.

7. My dear sisters, Rizqa Arnizha Azhari & Arniz Farhanizha Azhari,

thank you for your support, happiness and sadness that we always share

together. We may fight sometimes, we may argue, but I do love you.

8. My best Partner in my life DEA PUTRA ANANDA for the support, time,

love, memories, our togetherness almost 6 years. Thank you for being my

best partner since we started a junior high school.

9. The last, I would thank you so much to my great friends GOC, Yo, Rehan,

Vina, Richa, Vivi, Ayu, Sarah and Mai for the great time, laughter and for all

the moments we had shared together that I can’t describe with words. I love

you, guys. And thanks also to all my classmates in Solidas 2015 A.

So many thank you to all of the people in my life to make me a better person. I cannot say anymore, except big thank you. I cannot be like this without the people beside me, support me and love me. I do realize that this paper is still from being perfect. Therefore, I welcome any critics and suggestions towards this paper.

Medan,

SYIFA ANDRIZHA AZHARI

REG.NO : 152202021

UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA

ABSTRACT

Plot is the storyline of a text. Plot refers to the sequence of events inside a story which affect other events through the principle of cause and effect. A occurs because of B and the result is C. The plot itself has a structure which consists of exposition, rising action, climax, falling action, and resolution. Each structure parts are closely related; exposition is the beginning to introduce the characters and places, rising action is the marker of conflict that binding up to the climax, contemplation (falling action) and ending (resolution), and that each event in the plot causes the next event to happen. This paper is entitled A Description of Plot in Everything,Everything by Nicoola Yoon’s Novel. This novel to explain about A teenager who's spent her whole life confined to her home falls for the boy next door. The purpose of this paper is to show the result of plot that has been found by the writer and to give information about life lessons that is in the story. Freytag’s Pyramid is the theory that used in an analysis , He described the typical plot of a five-act play as a pyramidal shape where the plot is told sequentially, it’s why the writer chooses this theory. The writer uses the Library Research by reading some books that is relevant to this title or as a source to get information that can support this title and also by searching on internet to complete the data that have been collected.

Keyword: plot, exposition, rising action, climax, falling action, resolution

UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA

ABSTRAK

Plot adalah alur cerita dari sebuah teks. Plot mengacu pada urutan kejadian di dalam cerita yang mempengaruhi peristiwa lain melalui prinsip sebab dan akibat. A terjadi karena B dan hasilnya adalah C. Plot itu sendiri memiliki struktur yang terdiri dari eksposisi, aksi naik, klimaks, aksi jatuh, dan resolusi. Setiap bagian struktur terkait erat; Eksposisi adalah awal untuk memperkenalkan karakter dan tempat, aksi yang meningkat adalah penanda konflik yang mengikat ke klimaks, kontemplasi (aksi jatuh) dan berakhir (resolusi), dan bahwa setiap peristiwa dalam plot menyebabkan peristiwa berikutnya terjadi. Kertas Karya ini berjudul A Desciption of plot in Everything,Everything by Nicoola Yoon’s Novel. Novel ini menceritakan tentang seorang remaja yang menghabiskan seluruh hidupnya terbatas di rumah yang kemudian jatuh cinta kepada tetangga barunya. Tujuan penulisan ini adalah untuk menunjukkan hasil plot yang telah ditemukan oleh penulis dan memberikan informasi tentang pelajaran hidup yang ada dalam cerita. Freytag’s Pyramid adalah teori yang digunakan dalam analisis ini, Dia menggambarkan plot yang khas melalui lima babak aksi sebagai bentuk dari piramida dimana plot diceritakan secara berurutan, itu mengapa penulis memilih teori ini. Penulis menggunakan Library Research dengan membaca beberapa buku yang relevan dengan judul ini atau sebagai sumber untuk mendapatkan informasi yang dapat mendukung judul ini dan juga dengan mencari di internet untuk melengkapi data yang telah dikumpulkan.

Kata kunci: alur, eksposisi, aksi naik, klimaks, aksi jatuh, resolusi

UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA TABLE OF CONTENTS

AUTHOR’S DECLARATION...... i COPYRIGHT DECLARATION...... ii ABSTRACT...... ….... iii ABSTRAK...... iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS...... v TABLE OF CONTENTS...... vii

1. INTRODUCTION...... 1 1.1 The Background of Study...... 1 1.2 The Problem of Study ...... 3 1.3 The Objective of Study...... 3 1.4 The Scope of Study...... 3 1.5 The Significance of Study...... 4 1.6 The Method of Study...... 4

2. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE...... 5

2.1 Defenition of Novel...... 5 2.2 Intrinsic Elements...... 6 2.2.1 Theme……………………………………………….....……..…..…6 2.2.2 Character…………………………………………………….....….. 7 2.2.3 Setting ……………………………………………………..……… 7 2.2.4 Point of View……………………………………………...………. 8 2.2.5 Plot...... 8 2.2.6 Description of Plot………………………………….…………...… 9

vii

UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA 3. THE DESCRIPTION OF PLOT IN NICOLA YOON’S NOVEL EVERYTHING EVERYTHING 3.1. Exposition………………………………………………….....…….13 3.2 Rising Action……………………………………………………...... 19 3.3 Climax…………………………………………………………...…..28 3.4 Falling Action………………………………………………...……..29 3.5 Resolution……………………………………………....…………...34

4. CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION...... 35

4.1 Conclusion...... 35 4.2 Suggestion...... 36

BIBLIOGRAPHY ...... 37

APPENDICES

viii

UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background of study

Literature is identical with the words : the expression of human feeling, imaginative process and creativity ( Wellek, 1972:2 ). Literature is a written work and exist in our society as a communicative means in our ideas of literature to show and give such a greater understanding about this life. The reason why the writer chooses literature to be the subject to study because literature varies one from another, as it is related to human’s life. Since humans react differently towards emotios they feel, the reaction may lead into different outcome. These emotions form one to be unique and personally different and provide esential character of living. ( Taylor, 1981:1 ) says that literature, like other parts, is essentially an imaginative act, that is, and act of the an interpretation of human’s mind that uses language as medium. It has a large scope and fantastic . In literature , there are three branches of literature such as drama, poetry and prose. Meanwhile, prose can also be divided into novel, short story, romance, etc.

Kettle, 1976). As Jack Goody (2006) says that the novel is a long fictional prose narrative that came from the foundation of storytelling in oral cultures. This proves that the novel, way back then, came from the stories of real living people and then turned into a form of writing. A good novel does not simply convey life: it says something about life. A good novel can reveal a pattern in life and also bring a great significance.

All good novels are concrete and not abstract, but to describe the original concept of a novel as abstract is not necessarily to condemn either the concept or the novel .

UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA As a Goody (2006) novel is a narrative story and it contains a variety of elements. The elements are: Plot, character, setting, point of view and theme.

Plot is a literary term used to describe the events that make up a story or the main part of story. These events relate to each other in a pattern of sequence. The structure of novel depends on the organization of events in the plot story. Plot is known as the foundation of novel or story which the characters and settings are built around.

Plot is so important because Plot is the driving force behind every piece of literature.

Without it, there is no conflict which compels characters to strive for their goal, and therefore no story. In short, it would be just like life, with all its ups and downs, and people just living their lives.

In this study the writer chooses plot to be analyzed because the plot is mysterious part, to understand the necessary intellectual ability. Without the intellectual power, not many people can understand the plot well. Relations between events, cases or issues expressed in a work, not necessarily shown explicitly and directly by the author.

The purpose of plot is to get the readers into the story by speculating about an event that occurs in the story with all the emotions that arousing curiosity of the readers because an event related to the others. It will make the reader compelled to read the story to completion. The reading also not just reading, but also explore the story through the plot with various conflicts that occur.

Everything,Everything is the one of young adult novel by Nicola Yoon. First published by Delacorte Books for Young Readers in 2015. The novel centers around 18-

UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA year-old Madeline Whittier, who is being treated for severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID), also known as "bubble baby disease". Due to her condition,

Madeline is stuck inside her house in Los Angeles, where she lives with her mother, a doctor. This book will tell about the unexpected things that could happened, about reality, about love, about hope and honesty. The writer is interesting to analysis this novel because the author plays with the readers. She toys with her reader in a masterful way that few authors can. She pulls the readers in one direction only to drop you off in a completely different place. She is a manipulator and I enjoyed every second of being the puppet on the end of her strings. That’s why I choose this novel because many unexpected events occur that can be found in the novel through the plot which is the problem on this paper.

1.2 Problem of the study

Based on the above explanations, the writer restricts the problem as, How are plot elements describe in the novel?

1.3 Objective of the study

To describe the plot elements in Everything,Everything Novel.

1.4 Scope of the study

The scope of this study is limited only describing elements the plot is describe.

The elements are exposition, rising action, climax, falling action, and resolution.

UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA 1.5 Significance of the study

The writer hopes that the paper will enrich our knowledge and can give some information to reader. The significance of the study is divided into two sections, they are:

A. Theoretical significance

The study can be used to enrich the literary study especially in plot

B. Practical significance

The reader will understand about plot in the novel and the reader will know

the story in the everything, everything novel.

1.6 Method of the study

The writer uses qualitative descriptive method in doing this paper. The primary of data sources is Everything,Everything Novel and the secondary of data sources are books and internet. The data in the words, texts and quotations form. The writer reads and notes that data then selects to be interpreted. Having understood the story of the novel, the writer can analyze the plot of the novel and can make the conclusion.

UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA CHAPTER II

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

2.1 Definition of Novel

Novel is a kind of media that is used to express the idea of an author. The idea might come from many resources such as experiences either from the author, one’s experience or the condition when the book was written at the time. Novel is a story which tells about someone life. Novels do not, however, present a documentary picture of life. Alongside the fact that novels look at people in society, the other majorcharacteristic of the genre is that novels tell a story. In fact, novels tend to tell the some few stories time and time. The source or the inspiration of writing novel can be a based on true story. Their true story retelling in a story that we call as life experience.This true story more reliable than the other one that which based on imagination. It is because the second one sometime could not happen in real life.

Whatever may be the meaning of the novel, it is apparent that novel is a picture- perfect image of the time of the writer. Additionally, a novel reflects the patterns, eccentricities and attributes of the contemporary age with true colours. Although novel is a kind of fiction, many advantages we can get when we read it. It is not only the pleasure but also the utility since it might consist of a special message to be delivered inside the text. A novel is a totality, a comprehensiveness that is artistic. As a totality, the novel has passages elements, most related to one another in close and

UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA mutually dependent. The divisions of the elements in novel are intrinsic and extrinsic elements.

2.2 Intrinsic Elements of Novel

Intrinsic elements of a novel is very important element and vital in a literary work because of the absence of an intrinsic elements of the work will not be created.

Elements which in fact would be found if we read a literary work is an intrinsic elements of the elements that directly participate in or build the story of the intrinsic elements are the elements of building works of literature that can be found in the literary text itself. Coherence between the various elements that make an intrinsically novel realized. The elements intended are the theme, characters, plot, setting, and point of view.Based on the explanation above, the writer is only focusing analyzing on plot which are presented in the novel entitled “Everything Everything”. Following are some of the elements of a novel:

2.2.1. The Theme

Nurgiyantoro (2007:13) said that the theme in the novel can be more than one.

He added that perhaps the author added some addition themes in a novel. This caused the novel has multiple and complex plot and conflict. Besides, the theme became the basis of development of the whole story, so it is animating the whole story.

Theme is the main idea that the writer expresses. Theme can also be defined as the underlying meaning of the story. Theme is another prime element of literature, which contains the central idea of all .

UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA 2.2.2. Character

Abrams (1999: 76) says that “Character is people who are appeared in a narrative prose or novel and it is interpreted by the readers as a person who has moral quality and certain tendency such as being expressed in what they say and what they do”. Character is the people in a novel are referred as characters. We asses them on the basic of what the author tells us about them and on the basic of what they do and say.

Another point to remember is that the characters are part of broader pattern. They are members of a society, and the author distinctive view of who people relate to society will be reflected in the presentation of every character.

The characters in the story can be divided into some categories based on the point of view taken ; major and minor character, protagonist and antagonist character, round and flat character, dynamic and static character, typical and neutral character

(Nurgiyantoro, 2007:176).

2.2.3. The Setting

Wellek and Warren (1956: 131) concerned setting with the places where story take a place. Setting refers to geographical location of the story, time period, daily lifestyle of the characters and climate of the story. When the reader reads a novel, they actually are faced a world that had been completed by the character and the events in the novel. But of course, those things are less complete because the characters need living space, place and time, like human’s living in the real world.

Setting usually directs to the definition of place, connection of time and social environment where the event happens. Setting gives the basic of story correctly and

UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA clear. The setting is important to give realistic impression to the readers, created a certain situation at a glanced is really happened. So, the readers feel easier to create their imagination and participation to criticize the story.

2.2.4. The Point of View

Understanding about point of view, point of view, suggests the way a story is told. It is a way and or views of the author used as a means for presenting the characters, action, background and events that make up the story in a work of fiction to the reader.

The point of view or narrative perspective, characterized the way in which a text present a person, event and setting. The point of view discusses about who is telling story, or from which position the events are perceived. In general, point of view is differentiated into three kinds: first person, third person, dramatic, or omniscient point of view (Jones,

1968:29).

2.2.5. Plot

Jones (1968:63) states that the plot is the sequences of events involving the character or characters. It may be simple or complex. The simple one deals with one character or a single group of characters, and it follows their fortunes to the conclusion.

Whereas, the complex one has several groups of characters, the story deals with one, takes up another, return to the first, then takes up another.

UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA 2.3 Description of Plot

Plot is the literary element that describes the structure of a story. It shows arrangement of events and actions within a story. Plot is the most important part of a tragedy for a number of reasons. First, the result of a man's actions determines his success or failure, and hence his happiness, so it is action which is paramount - not character, which doesn't necessarily affect every action. Second, without action, there cannot be a tragedy - but there can be a tragedy without character. Thirdly, diction, song, and thought - even elegantly combined - cannot replicate the action of life without plot.

The German critic Gustav Freytag, in Technique (1863) in Abram (2009:267-

268) introduced an analysis of plot that is known as Freytag’s Pyramid. Although the total pattern that Freytag described applies only to a limited number of plays, various of his terms are frequently echoed by critics of prose fiction as well as drama. Therefore, plot is series of events and it is played by the character. The character and the plot couldn’t be separated. It is connected one of each other.

He described the typical plot of a five-act play as a pyramidal shape,consisting of an exposition, rising action, climax, falling action and resolution.

UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA One important thing to note about the shape of Freytag's pyramid is that it shows all parts of the story as having equal length, with climax at the very center of the diagram.

However, this is actually a bit misleading, since the falling action is usually much shorter than the rising action, and begins close to the story's end rather than in the middle.

2.3.1. Exposition

The first phase in Freytag’s pyramid is where the writer sets up the story for the reader with important background information, such as: setting, prior events, and the back story of characters. This vital part of the plot not only indicates what the story will be about, but also draws the reader into the story. The exposition sets the stage for what is next: rising action, turning point or climax, falling action and denouement or conclusion.

The main purpose of exposition is to establish what the story is about. The introduction should include the main character. While character development happens throughout a story, the introduction will show some of that character's qualities. Often, the introduction establishes qualities of a character that change by the end of the story.

That character will also be somehow involved in the conflict. While the beginning establishes a conflict, that conflict will deepen and eventually be resolved through the other parts of the story.

2.3.2. Risng Action

This is wherethe events in the story become complicated and the conflict in the story is revealed (events between the introduction and climax). The rising action

UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA introduces the conflict or problem in the story. This part of the plot tells us what it is that the main character or protagonist is facing. During the rising action, the main character struggles with this conflict or problem.

After the characters and main problem have been established, the main problem or conflict is dealt with by some kind of action. In this part of the story, the main character is in crisis. This is the place for tension and excitement. The complication can arise through a character’s conflict with society, nature, fate, or a number of themes. In this part of the story the main character is aware a conflict has arisen and takes some kind os step to battle this crisis.

2.3.3. Climax

The climax is the most exciting point of the story, and is a turning point for the plot or goals of the main character. The climax is a very important part of each work of literature. All literature must contain conflict, and in order to resolve this conflict there must be some moment or event that decides the fates of the characters involved.

Without a climax in a work of a literature, the audience would be frustrated to have invested so much time and attention without a payoff. The climax may be an event that the reader is waiting for—a battle that must come, or an inevitable meeting between the protagonist and antagonist. However, the climax also may be an unexpected turn of events after which nothing remains the same.

UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA 2.3.4. Falling Action

The falling action is the series of events which take place after the climax; it is where the protagonist must react to the changes that occur during the climax of the story. The events and complications begin to resolve them. The reader knows what has happened next and if the conflict was resolved or not (events between climax and denouement). Following the climax, the story begins to slowly wind down. Falling action, one of the two final story elements, shows the result of the actions or decisions the character has made. This eventually leads to the final part of the novel, this crisis resolution.

2.3.5. Resolution

In literature, resolution is simplythe closing chapter or scene. It should be noted that the resolution is different from the climax. Consider how movies are structured. On the other hand, is the short scene after the climax where things get clarified and all the loose ends are tied up.Typically, a resolution can be used in all forms of storytelling.

However, although resolutions are very common, not every single story will have one.

Thiscalled an open ending and can possibly lead to a sequel.

The resolution occurs in the final chapter of the novel. It is the part of the story that wraps up all the loose ends. It is the chapter or scene that occurs after the big climax. Most stories will have a denouement, but sometimes if there is anopen ending, the story will just conclude with the climax.

UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA CHAPTER III

THE DESCRIPTION OF PLOT

3.1 Exposition

Madeline Whittier's house in Los Angeles, California. The house of white everything. White walls, white cabinets, white floors, white couches, white everything.

The only color that fills Madeline's room are her books, on her white bookshelves. She inhales novels instead of fresh air. In the section “The White Room” Madeline describes how her books provide the only color in her germ-free, white bedroom. Each book arrives new, vacuum sealed in plastic which she removes before writing her name along with a suggestion of rewards a person might enjoy if they were to find her lost book and return it to her. All the rewards, which Madeline says do not really apply since there is no one to borrow her books, involve the finder getting to spend time with Madeline.

“I’VE READ MANY more books than you. It doesn’t matter

how many you’ve read. I’ve read more. Believe me. I’ve had the

time. “ (Everything, Everything, p.1)

The exposition of this novel is beginning the part of the story . The opening shows Madeline "Maddy" Whittier (Amandla Stenberg) as a main character sitting in what she considers her favorite room in the house. It gives her a nice view of the outside, as she enjoys imagining what it would be like to set foot out there, particularly in the ocean. Maddy is shown as a smart beautiful curly-haired girl who loves to read, work on architecture projects, and play Phonetic. She has a great sense of humor and a

UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA positive outlook on life. Maddy explains that she has always lived with a rare condition called severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID), meaning her antibodies are not able to properly fight off infection Her mother (Anika Noni Rose) has kept her in the house for most of her life after she was a child and suffered multiple ear infections and cases of pneumonia. Maddy's brother and father also died in a car accident years earlier. Her only friends are her nurse Carla (Ana de la Reguera) and Carla's daughter Rosa (Danube

R. Hermosillo), who are the only other people allowed in the house. Carla is A

Hispanic trained full time nurse for Madeline and an employee of Pauline. Carla is a strong, beautiful, curvy woman who tries her best to support Madeline. Full of love and care, she grows a better bond with Madeline than she has with her only child.

Maddy is part of an online support group where she talks to other people with

SCID. She spends most of her time immersing herself in books and writing reviews on them, as well as watching movies with her mom, or building models with an astronaut figure inside (Her favorite is Mr. Waterman, her architecture instructor.)

“ According to my mom I almost died as an infant. And so

I stay on SCID row. I don‟t leave my house , have not left

my house in seventeen years “ (Everything, Everything,

p.3).

Dr. Whittier, Madeline's mom. She loves Madeline with all her heart. She is second generation Japanese American and a doctor, whose primary patient is her daughter Madeline. She falsely diagnosed Madeline with SCID after her husband and son's deaths and kept her in the house for eighteen years. Pauline went through extreme

UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA lengths to ensure that Maddy knew she had something that she didn't. She kept

Madeline from having a boyfriend, going to school and socializing with other teens, and enjoying the simplicity of going outside. Pauline suffered greatly after her husband and son died. Yes, Maddy did have a heart condition which was later revealed that she would have been ok under close supervision. However, 'close supervision' did not mean isolation from the world. Pauline preformed a selfish act by trying to keep herself at ease due to the partial loss of her family. Maddy‟s life is the same everyday. She has the same routine and sees the same two people. There is no change.

Until Olly moves in next door.

“ she puts on her stethoscope so that she can listen to my hearbeat. Her smile fades and is replaced by her more serious doctor face. Impulsively I give her a quick kiss on the forehead to remind her that it‟s just to me , her favorite patient , her daughter “ (Everything, Everything, p.8)

Things change for Madeline when a new family moves in next door. From her window Madeline sees a mother and father, a young girl and a tall, lean boy dressed all in black. Madeline watches the new family, discovering that while everyone has some kind of routine, the boy in black does not. As it turns out, his bedroom is directly opposite Madeline's. This means she can easily observe him and one thing she does notice is that he likes to climb out of his bedroom window and sit on the roof. She learns that his name is Olly, although his father calls him Oliver and that his younger sister is Kara. Madeline also notices that the father drinks alot and yells at the family.

UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA ` “ I see the truck and the silhouette of an older woman twirling-the mother. I see an older man at the back of the truck-the father. I see a girl may be a little younger than me-the daughter. Then I see him. He‟s tall, lean , and wearing all black; black T-shirt, black jeans, black sneakers, and a black knit cap that covers his hair completely” (Everything, Everything, p. 20)

Shortly after moving in, Olly comes to Madeline's home, bringing a Bundt cake as a gift. However, Madeline's mother must refuse the cake and doesn't offer an explanation. This of course, makes Olly very upset. But it also results in his father becoming enraged The father throws the cake at Olly, causing the plate to break but leaving the cake undamaged. Two days later, Madeline hears pings at her window and looks across to see the Bundt cake wearing googly eyes. Olly pushes the Bundt cake to its "death" and what follows is a series of evenings involving the cake recovering from its "jump", making another suicide attempt, on life support and finally "dying" as evidenced by Olly dressed for a funeral. Olly leaves his email contact on his window for

Madeline and the two begin to talk, first via email and then by chat.

“ he looks up and grins back. He takes a black market from

his pocket and writes on the window : sorry about the other

night. [email protected]” (Everything,

Everything, p.41)

UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA 3.2. Rising Action

Eventually Madeline and Olly's friendship deepens and Madeline finds herself wanting to actually meet Olly, something she's not allowed to do because of her illness.

However, after begging Carla to allow her to let Olly visit her inside her own home with the provision of Madeline and Olly do meet in the sunroom of her house after agreeing not to touch. Olly stays on the opposite side of the room. it's leaves Madeline thrilled because she really likes Olly, but she also feels conflicted for keep their meeting a secret from her mother.

So Maddy and Olly finally get to meet. On the condition that Olly goes through the decontamination process and under no circumstances are they allowed to touch.

“I think of Olly, decontamination-cold and waiting for me.

He’s the opposite of all these things. He’s not safe. He’s

not familiar. He’s in constant motion. He’s the biggest risk

I’ve ever taken. (Everything, Everything, p.69)

Meeting Olly for the first time results in Madeline thinking about her place in the universe, outside the confines of her home, and to acknowledge what she really wants. This is something she hasn't really allowed herself to do until this point.

UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA "And it's not just Olly that I see. I keep picturing myself floating high about the earth. From the edge of space I can see the whole world all at once. My eyes don't have to stop at a wall or at a door. I can see the beginning and the end of time. I can see infinity from there. For the first time in a long time, I want more than I have." (Everything,Everything, p.80)

Their first meeting was awkward, cute, interesting and bittersweet all in one. Of course it was awkward; Maddy has never even been around a boy, let alone one that she‟s interested in and attracted to. And it‟s awkward for Olly because well, lets face it, anything would be awkward if you had to be completely decontaminated first. But, it was very cute. The way they acted around each other and the deep conversations they had….it was just the cutest Maddy knew that no matter how much she wanted it, there was no future and it would have to end. All they would ever have was 20 minute talks, where they had to stay on their side of the room and never touch. It was heartbreaking

But then…….they accidently touch…..and then…..they kiss. And Maddy falls for Olly.

For someone who has never had a relationship, much less an IRL friendship with someone her own age, Madeline plays it extremely cool. Somehow she has the self- discipline to wait days before checking her email after seeing him, a feat a mature adult would not be able to accomplish — even though she‟s crazy with longing.

“Wanting just leads to more wanting,” she says. “There‟s

no end to desire.”. (Everything,Everything, p.83)

UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA After a week without any serious medical repercussions, Madeline and Olly meet again and Madeline is certain she's falling in love. She spends her nights instant messaging Olly leaving her tired and resulting in Madeline skipping movie nights with her mother. Olly reveals details about his family and how his father became abusive towards him and his mother. This leads to Maddy's mother noticing that she's changed and questioning Carla about those changes.Carla tells Maddy she can't keep seeing Olly, that he will eventually return to school and forget about her. But Madeline insists that she keep seeing him and promises to spend more time with her mother.

“Maybe we can't predict everything, but we can predict

some things. For example, I am certainly going to fall in

love with Olly. It's almost certainly going to be a disaster”

(Everything,Everything, p.99)

Things drastically change when one night Madeline and her mother witness a violent altercation between Olly and his father on the front lawn of their house. As Olly attempts to protect his mother from being assaulted, his father punches him in the stomach. Without thinking and to her mother's horror, Madeline races outside and intervenes, preventing Olly from being further assaulted , determined to protect Olly — and without conscious Madeline exposes their relationship to her mother. Madeline's mother realizes that Madeline intervened because Olly is no stranger. She pulls

Madeline back into the house after she tries to help Olly. her mother was very disappointed and realized that something had happened between them without her

UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA knowing. She doesn‟t understand why she would risk her life for someone she doesn‟t know. She then realizes that Maddy does know Olly and Maddy lies and tells her mother that their just online friends but she doesn‟t believe her . Many of the questions asked by his mother but Madeline just say sorry to his mother because she doesn't have an answer for either question. Dr. Whittier scolds Madeline, and then she starts to throw up in the sink. Her mom puts her to rest and then gently tells her that she can't see Olly again. The repercussions of Madeline's actions are swift and devastating.

“Again, Olly rushes between them, but this time his dad is ready. Quicker than I‟ve ever seen him move, he lets go of Olly‟s mom, grabs the collar of Olly‟s shirt, and punches him in the stomach. His mom screams. Then I‟m screaming, too. He punches him again” (Everything,Everything, p.135)

Finally, Dr. Whittier fires Carla for letting Olly in the house. Carla tearfully says goodbye to Maddy.Madeline trying to persuade his mother not to fire carla because everything that happened was her fault but her mother ignored . Madeline apologized to

Carla and for the last time she hugged Carla tightly while crying but Carla said “It‟s not your fault. Life is a gift. Don‟t forget to live it.” Her voice is fierce and she left

Madeline‟s house. Madeline has taken the biggest risk of her life, even bigger than letting herself fall in love with Olly. Madeline loses her internet priviledeges so can't communicate with Olly and her mother takes a week off work to care for her while interviewing for a new nurse.

UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA “She went outside. Because of him. Because of you.” She turns to face me. “She put her life at risk and she‟s been lying to me for weeks.”She turns back to Carla. “You‟re fired.” Madeline‟s mom said (Everything,Everything, p.140) Maddy is now grounded and is only allowed to use her computer for homework which means no more texting, emailing, or seeing Olly. Her mom has hired a new nurse, Janet Pritchert, also known as 'Nurse Evil'.

“My new nurse is an unsmiling despot with a nursing

degree. Her name is Janet Pritchert. “You may call me

Nurse Janet,” she says. Her voice isunnaturally high, like

an alarm”. (Everything,Everything, p.150)

Maddy has cancelled yet another mother-daughter night with her mom. That night her mom stops by in her room and shows her a picture of all four of them (her, her mom, her dad, and her brother) standing on the beach. The photo was taken in Hawaii.

Maui was her dad's favorite place. That was the first picture Maddy had ever seen of herself outside.

“She pulls a framed photograph from behind her back. My

heart squeezes inside my chest. It‟s an old photograph of

the four of us—me, my mom and dad”.

(Everything,Everything, p.159)

The loss of Olly after their relationship is discovered by her mother results in

Madeline's perspective on her life gradually changing. Although she describes herself as

UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA "two Maddys", in reality Madeline is growing up and beginning to make her own decisions about the risks she will take and how she wants to live her life.

"Ever since Olly came into my life there've been two Maddys: the one who lives through books and doesn't want to die, and the one who lives and suspects that death will be a small price to pay for it... The second Maddy, the one from the Hawaii photograph? She‟s like a god—impervious to cold, famine, disease, natural and man-made disasters. She‟s impervious to heartbreak. The second Maddy knows that this pale half-life is not really living”. (Everything,Everything, p.167)

Amid all of such pressure, A week after Maddy's mom show her the picture she wrote a goodbye letter to her saying that she loved her but she had to go and live her life. Maddy bought a ticket to Maui, snuck out in the middle of the night, went to Olly's house, and tell him about her plan. (a place she went when she was a baby) to see her favorite state fish, the Humuhumunukunukuapua`a. Hawaii StateFish . Maddy believes she is in love with Olly. Love makes people do crazy things.

“Aloha means hello and good-bye” which is true. As the

song Aloha „Oe goes “until we meet again…”

(Everything,Everything, p.177)

They plan to visit Olly‟s old friend Zach (from the book) also lives in Hawai‟i.

He is described as a guy that loves rock music, has red hair of four different shades, and has struggled to be accepted.

UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA “This trip gives him the perfect excuse to let go of the

burden of his family for a little while, at least. Also, an old

friend of his from New York, Zach, lives in Maui”

(Everything,Everything, p.179)

Actually Olly not sure about Madeline's plan because he was afraid of something happen to her. Maddy lied to Olly and told him she was taking these pills she ordered online from Canada that aren't FDA approved but should last her a few days of being outside.

Finally, after a lot of convincing, Maddy and Olly were on their way to the airport but before that they went to go visit Carla and her daughter, Rosa. When Olly brought up the pills Carla immediately figured out what was going on but didn't say anything to him because Maddy asked her not do.

“Sometimes you do things for the right reasons and

sometimes for the wrong ones and sometimes it‟s

impossible to tell the difference.” (Everything,Everything,

p.185)

When Maddy and Olly arrived , They check into a hotel. Maddy and Olly went shopping, swimming, they ate, and explored in Hawai'i. Maddy's swimsuit in the book it is described as a bright pink one-piece with spaghetti straps. At the beach Maddy gets to see the state fish and she invites Olly to jump off of a cliff into the ocean with her. In

Hawai'i their bed tree Everything was a Murphy Bed that pulled out from the wall.

During the love scene like every other love story, there was no mention of protection.

UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA Olly mentions that it has to go and buy condoms. Maddy says that she has some. Olly and Madeline confess their love to each other and sleep together.

“I can‟t believe I‟ve missed all this,” I say. “I‟ve missed the whole wide world.”

He shakes his head. “One thing at a time, Maddy. We‟re here now.”

I look back at Olly‟s ocean eyes and I‟m drowning, surrounded on all sides by water. There‟s so much to see that it‟s hard to know what to pay attention to. The world is too big and there‟s not enough time for me to see it. Because there‟s no denying it now. I‟m in the world. And, too, the world is in me.” (Everything,Everything, p.195)

As Maddy, Olly, and Zachariah are catching up and getting to know each other

Olly asks to borrow Zachariah's phone to show Maddy the emails he got from her mom.

As soon as she read them she felt so much pain. She wrote back to tell her not to worry and that she was fine. Maddy's mom had mentioned taking a flight and coming to Maui but Maddy declined the offer.

“Please don‟t worry, Mom. And please don‟t come here.

I‟m really OK and it‟s my life too. I love you. I‟ll see you

soon.” (Everything,Everything, p.217)

On the last day, Maddy woke up feeling hotter than an oven but she was shiverring. Eventually, Olly woke up, saw her, thought she was cold and put a blanket on her. She didn't have the words to say that she was burning up. She was hearing words but not the whole sentence. Olly called for help. She is rushed to the hospital and

UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA handled quickly by doctors in Hawaiil, where her heart stops and she has to be resuscitated. Her mother arrives in Hawaii. She met Olly at the hospital he had taken her to. As soon as she was allowed to go home her mom took her and left.

. “What‟s happening to me? It takes a moment before I realize that there are many, many things wrong. I‟m shivering. I‟m more than shivering. I‟m shaking uncontrollably and my head hurts. My brain is being squeezed in a vise. Pain radiates out and crashes into the nerves behind my eyes. My body is a fresh bruise. Even my skin hurts.” (Everything,Everything, p.234)

When Maddy wakes up she's in her pristine white bedroom with IVs attached to her bed and being able to eat nothing but Jell-O. Every time she wakes up her mom is right by her side frowning at her clipboard. They are both feeling guilt, anger, and regret all at the same time.

“My mom has transformed my bedroom into a hospital

ward. I‟m propped up by pillows in my bed and attached to

an IV. I‟m surrounded by monitoring equipment. eat

nothing but Jell-O.” (Everything,Everything, p.241)

Later, when one of them finally decides to speak, Maddy asks her mom if she is okay. Her mom says she's going to be fine but she doesn't just stop their...she asks

Maddy how she could this to not only her own self but to her. Maddy has no accurate answer. Instead she just stares at her for the longest minute of her life thinking what it was in her life that led her to this moment.

UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA “My guilt is an ocean for me to drown in.”

(Everything,Everything, p.242)

While they were messaging one day, Olly mentions that he tried to visit her but her mom wouldn't let him. Maddy also decides to finally tell him that the pills were fake. He is upset for a little bit but then forgives her. Maddy tells him that she wanted everything. She wanted him and the world but you can't have everything. She thinks her life is better without him, she thinks love is weakness and that's the last thing she needs.

That was the end of them

“I wanted everything, Olly. I wanted you and the whole

wide world. I wanted everything.I can‟t do this anymore.

No more IM. No more e-mail. It‟s too hard. I can‟t go back.

My mom was right. Life was better before.” Maddy said

(Everything,Everything, p.245)

Of all that happened madeline learned that when she was with olly everything was not what she wanted. Of how the world I wanted to be a part of so badly didn‟t want me back. like Carla said love can't kill you but in Madeline's life it is the opposite.

Madeline chose her previous life to stay alive.

“I have to let Olly go. I‟ve learned my lesson. Love can kill

you and I‟d rather be alive than out there living.”

(Everything,Everything, p.247)

UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA With each passing day Olly keeps sending her more and more emails but without reading them Maddy moves them to the trash and eventually he just gives up.

She‟s stronger with each passing day. Nothing hurts except her heart, but she‟s trying not to use it. she keep the blinds closed. she read her books. Until two weeks she‟s strong enough to resume some classes. Another two weeks and she‟s able to resume all of them.

“I don‟t think about Olly. He sends me e-mails that I trash

without reading.” (Everything,Everything, p. 252)

One night after dinner, Maddy's mom tells her that she asked Carla to come back. She may not trust Carla but she trusts Maddy. Although it was the hard way, she thinks Maddy has learned her lesson. They settle back into our normal routine. Each day is like one before and not much different from the next.

“I‟ve asked Carla to come back,” she says one night after dinner. “I thought you didn‟t trust her anymore.” “But I trust you. You learned your lesson the hard way. Some things you just have to experience for yourself.” Madeline‟s Mom said (Everything,Everything, p.252-253)

The day Carla comes back is the same day that there is a moving van in front of

Olly's house. They moves back to New York City with her mother and sister to leave her father behind for good. Madeline just looked at them from the window. their eyes meet. It's different than that first time. The first time was all about possibility. Even then, some part of her knew that she would love him. This time is about certainty. she already know that she love him, and she know now that she wouldn‟t stop. He raises his

UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA hand to wave and Madeline‟s heart feels broken. For days after I stare at the house, wondering how it can still manage to look the same, to seem so solid and house-like when there is no one around to make it a home. A few more days go by and she finally opens up all of Olly's emails which are still right where she left them...in the trash. She laughs and crys all at the same time.

“He raises his hand to wave. I let go of the curtain, turn

away, and press my back against the wall, breathing hard.”

(Everything,Everything, p.256)

3.3 Climax

Another email also comes to Maddy's attention. It's from the doctor that cared for her while she was in Maui Memorial in Hawaii, Dr. Melissa Francis. She has some alarming news to share with Maddy. She doesn't believe that Maddy has ever had SCID.

Dr. Francis thinks that she simply had an episode of myocarditis triggered by a viral infection in Hawaii. She believe all these things to be true, but still. she print the e-mail, lab test results and all. She spend an hour googling each test, trying to understand what they all mean. Of course the Internet can‟t tell her if these results are correct, can‟t tell her if I‟m a perfectly average teenage girl of perfectly average health.

UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA “My name is Dr. Melissa Francis. You were under my care at Maui Memorial in Hawaii for a few hours two months ago. I felt it was important to contact you directly. You need to know that I‟ve studied your case very closely. I don‟t believe you have, or have ever had, SCID.I know this must be a shock. I‟ve attached quite a few test results here. I believe that you should get another physician besides your mother to verify my findings. Physicians should never practice on their families.It is my medical opinion that in Hawaii last month you had an episode of myocarditis triggered by a viral infection.” Dr. Melissa Francis letter (Everything,Everything, p.262-263)

3.4 Falling Action

Maddy has now read the email six times and decided to go and talk to her mom about it. Her mom denied it and tell her that since SCID is such a rare didease Dr.

Francis probably just doesn't understand it and that everyone who has it reacts a little differently. With various explanations finally maddy believes in her mother it was a mistake.

“SCID is so rare and so complicated, honey. Not everyone

understands it. There are just so many versions and every

person reacts a little differently.” (Everything,Everything,

p.266)

Carla's barely in the door before Maddy shows her the letter. Carla isn't as sure as Maddy's mother was that this letter is a lie. She said that sometimes she suspects that her mom is not quite right. Carla thinks that she's never gotten over the death of her husband and son. Maddy gives her one day to figure out what is really going on. She just want the truth. Seven hours until Carla comes back. They‟re going to do some

UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA blood tests and send them off to a SCID specialist that she found. Seven hours. Close her eyes. She open them again. 1:01 a.m. She can‟t wait for answers to come to her.

She has to find them.

“Sometimes I think maybe your mama‟s not quite right.

Maybe she never recovered from what happened to your

papa and brother.” (Everything,Everything, p.270)

Maddy can't wait any longer so she goes to her mom's office in the middle of the night to try and find answers. She finds a thick red folder labeled Madeline. As she searches she finds out that she was a sick baby because of so many operations, infections, etc. that she had. She also found a photo copy of an article about SCID. After that paper she finds visits to an allergist and three different types of immunologists all concluding that no illness was found.

“Finally, toward the back I find what I‟m looking for: a

thick red folder labeled Madeline. I pull it out carefully and

make myself a space on the floor.” (Everything,Everything,

p.272)

` Once Maddy can't find anything else she thinks to go look in her mom's bedroom. Her mom opens the door right as Maddy's about to walk out of the office. She asks her mom why everything is there except the papers that confirm she has SCID. Her mom asks if she looked carefully because she keeps everything in that file. When

Maddy looks at her with a confused face her mother goes on her own search and finds nothing. That's when Maddy new for sure that she wasn't really sick.

UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA “After a while she looks up at me. “Did you take them? I know they were in here.” Her voice is thick with confusion and, also, fear. And that‟s when I know for sure. I am not sick and I never have been.” (Everything,Everything, p.275)

Maddy's out of the house and outside. Her mom is still yelling at her and telling her to go back inside but why?...because Carla was right all along. She lost her husband, she lost her son, and she couldn't stand the thought of loosing Maddy too. She wasn't the one who was really sick, her mom was.

“I lost them. I lost your dad and I lost your brother. I

couldn‟t lose you, too. I just couldn‟t.” Madeline‟s mom

said .” (Everything,Everything, p.277)

Four days pass and Maddy has barely look at her mother since she decided to come back inside the house. The morning after Maddy found out the truth Carla took samples of her blood to a SCID specialist, Dr. Chase. They're in his office and a nurse calls Maddy's name. She asks Carla to stay outside because she wants to hear the news alone. Dr. Chase said that Carla had filled him in on Maddy's background. He told

Maddy that since her mother was her doctor, if she had done any actual research and tests, that she would have known that Maddy had no signs of SCID.

“I‟ve gone over these results time and again. I had my

colleagues check to be absolutely certain. You‟re not sick,

Ms. Whittier.” Dr. Chase said (Everything,Everything,

p.282)

UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA Maddy asked him why she got sick in Hawaii and he said the same thing as Dr.

Francis, that it was myocarditis. Dr. Chase tell Maddy that although she doesn't have

SCID, because of the environment she has been in her immune system is not where it should be for a girl her age. This means that she should still be cautious of her surroundings.

“Yes. I suspect myocarditis. I spoke with the attending in Hawaii as well. She suspected the same thing. Basically at some point in your past you probably had a viral infection that weakened your heart, Well, myocarditis seems like a likely candidate.” (Everything,Everything, p.282)

Dr. Chase tells Maddy that he recommend her mother should see a therapist because he thinks it will help her get over the passing of her husband and son. Every week Maddy has a visit with Dr. Chase and every week her mom tries harder and harder to talk to her. Her mother has also started seeing a therapist, Dr. Margaret Stevenson.

She thinks it will take quite a while for Maddy's mom to get over such a traumatic experience especially since she still talks about it in the present tense.

“Dr. Chase tells me that he thinks she needs a therapist. He thinks it might be a long time before she‟s able to tell me exactly what happened, if ever. He guesses that she suffered some sort of a breakdown after my dad and brother died.” (Everything,Everything, p.284)

Another week goes by and Maddy's mom knocks on the door just like every other day except today Maddy opens the door. Her mother is there with a gift, not that

Maddy thinks a gift will make up for eighteen years worth of lies, but she takes closes the door. She‟s not sure that our relationship will ever recover. It‟s hard for her to

UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA forgive her mom when she doesn‟t fully understand her crime. Madeline anger is never very far away. She expected it to fade with the passage of time, but it‟s still right there under the surface of things. again and again her mom apologize to madeline but she still can‟t. Finally, She take the present because she just want the conversation to be over.

She want to lock myself away from her and not have to feel pity or empathy or compassion or anything. before her mom turns to go but then stops and she said . “I still love you, Madeline. And you still love me. You have your whole life ahead of you.

Don‟t waste it. Forgive me.”

“My mom knocks on my door, but I pretend not to hear

her.

She takes a breath. “I got you something.” Her voice is

small and confused. (Everything,Everything, p.295)

She open a gift from his mother ,The gift was a phone. The gift was a phone. It was open to a weather app with the forecast of the rest of the week. Maddy couldn't be in the house any longer no matter who try to deny it. She buys a ticket to go see Olly in

New York and sends him an email saying that by the time he reads it he will have forgiven her.

“By the time you read this you will have forgiven me”

(Everything,Everything, p.298)

UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA Maddy texted Olly that there was a present waiting for him at an old book store called, Ye Olde Book Shoppe, at 10 A.M. in aisle S-U. She tell him he'll know it when he sees it because she put the book's cover facing out so he wouldn't miss it. And there he was, holding the first book Maddy and him ever talk about and the prize to finding it was her. In the end, Maddy and Olly happily reunite in New York

3.5 Resolution

The resolution of this paper is not stated clearly. The conflict finally goes on without any solution at all. This happens because the conflict is too heavy to solve. Thus time is related to solve the conflict. In short time answer the conflict done or not done.

UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA CHAPTER IV

CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION

4.1 Conclusion

Plot is a literary term used to describe the events that make up a story or the main part of story. It simply contains the beginning, middle and an ending. After analyzing “Everything, Everything” this is the love story, it will make you laugh, cry, and feel everything in between. It's an innovative, inspiring, and heartbreakingly romantic debut novel that unfolds via vignettes, diary entries, illustrations, and more , where The possibilities of love and loss aren‟t an option for her. The writer concludes that each story very related through the plot. We might learn and understand how the author tries to tell us about the meaning of story through plot. It gives flow and purpose to the story, a sense of continuity. This can make the story seem more plausible, because the reader feels that events are connected, causally or thematically, and not just random or contrived occurrences. The dominant of plot is started from the exposition usually occurs at the beginning of a novel or story and may be short or long. ... Rising action includes the series of events (usually the conflicts or struggles of the protagonist) that increase tension, propel the plot forward, and lead to the climax of the story until an effective ending releases tension, solves a problem, satisfies a need. It‟s like an emotional discharge.Whether this release occurs with something moment, by providing hope with a happy ending, or even just highlighting the depravity of humanity, the plot‟s resolution gives the reader a sense of completion.

UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA 4.2 Suggestion

The writer purposes some suggestion , but this not mean that it has perfect finding. For the readers and those who are interested in discussing literary works about plot , it is suggested to understand the whole of story . The reading also not just reading, but also explore the story through the plot with various conflicts that occur. In the story plot is so important because plot is the driving force behind every piece of literature.

UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA BIBLIOGRAPHY

Aminuddin, 1991. Pengantar Apresiasi Karya Sastra. Bandung: Percetakan C.V

Sinar Baru

Bertens, Hans. (2001) Literary Theory The Basics. London: Routledge

Nurgiyanto, Burhan. Teori Pengkajian Fiksi. Yogyakarta: Gajah Mada University

Pres

Tanjung, BN and Ardial. 2010. Pedoman Penelitian Karya Ilmiah. Jakarta:

Prenada Media Grup

Wellek, Rene & Waren, Austin. (1956) Theory of Literature. New York: Harcourt,

Brace & World,Inc.

Wikipedia (This page was last edited on 13 July 2018, at 20:40) Everything, Everything in 17

July 2018, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Everything,_Everything

Yoon, Nicola. 2015. Everything, Everything. New York: Delacorte Press

UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA APPENDICES

A. Biography of Nicola Yoon

Nicola Yoon was born in 1972 in Jmaica. Nicola Yoon is the New York

Times bestselling author of the young adult books Everything, Everything (2015)

and The Sun Is Also a Star (2016). She grew up in Jamaica (the island) and

Brooklyn (on Long Island).

Yoon's path to writing was a roundabout one. As a child, she loved to

write, starting when she was 8 or 9, yet by high school, she'd become a math

nerd, and in college she majored in electrical engineering. It wasn't until her

senior college year, when she took a creative writing class, that she rediscovered

her love of writing.

Nonetheless, Yoon went on to become a financial data programmer for

investment firms. She worked in that field for several years and then decided to

enroll in a creative writing program at Emerson College, where she earned an

M.F.A. Still, she worked for another 20-some years—while writing on the

side—before getting her first book deal.

That first book was Everything, Everything—a bestseller, a "best book

of the year" on many lists, and a 2017 motion picture. Yoon says her inspiration

came with the birth of her daughter after which she worried obsessively about

her child's safety. Anything, she said, would make her frantic. Then she began to

imagine a child whose life truly was threatened by the world, for ever, simply by

being in it. How would an overly protective mother respond to those threats, and

what shape would the mother-daughter relationship take?

UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA That germ of an idea grew into Everything Everything, which was released in 2015. Yoon's husband, by the way, provided the artwork for the book. Her debut was followed by The Sun Is Also a Star in 2016, which has also been widely praised.

Yoon lives in Los Angeles, California, with her family. She‟s also a hopeless romantic who firmly believes that you can fall in love in an instant and that it can last forever.

UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA