Photonics Research— NSF Enabling Exploration at the Frontiers
Pramod Khargonekar Assistant Director for Engineering National Science Foundation
Photonics Conference Boston University December 3, 2015 6/22/17 1 Outline
• Introduction to NSF • Photonics Relevant NSF Programs • Example Projects in Plasmonics in Engineering • Conclusions
6/22/17 2 Image courtesy MIT Museum
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Fundamental Translational
CBET IIP EFRI EEC ••Chemical & Biochemical Systems ••Academic ••Engineering Partnerships ••Bioengineering and Engineering Healthcare Research ••Environmental Engineering and Sustainability Centers ••Small Business Partnerships ••Transport, Thermal, & Fluid Phenomena ••Engineering Education CMMI ••Engineering Workforce ••Advanced Manufacturing ••Mechanics and Engineering Materials ••Resilient and Sustainable Infrastructure ••Operations Design and Dynamical Systems
ECCS ••Electronics, Photonics, and Magnetic Devices ••Communications, Circuits, and Sensing Systems ••Energy, Power, Control and Networks
6/22/17 5 FY 2016 Budget Request
NSF § FY 2016 Budget Request: $7723.55 Million § Increase over FY 2015 Est: $379.34 Million, +5.2%
ENG
6/22/17 6 Early Academic Career Program (CAREER)
• Junior faculty • Single Investigator (PI) • Career development plan • One submission/yr. (July) • Limited to three submissions • Five year grant (Typ. $500k)
7 Unsolicited
• Single PI or Multiple PIs • Collaborative Proposals possible • Liaison with Industry (GOALI) encouraged • Mostly one submission window/year • Typical Award $350-400k, 3yrs
8 Other Research Programs • NSF Early Concept Exploratory Research (EAGER) – Seed funding (typically 9-18 months) -Contact PO First- • EFRI - Exploring Frontiers in Research and Innovation) – ACQUIRE: Advancing Communication Quantum Information Research in Engineering – NewLAW: New Light & Acoustic Wave Propagation: Breaking Reciprocity and Time-Reversal Symmetry
9 Other Research Programs • Materials Research Science and Engineering Center (MRSEC) – Several centers supporting plasmonic research • Science & Technology Centers (STC) – Center for Energy Efficient Electronic Science • Engineering Research Centers (ERC) – 3 active Centers in Photonics (MIRTHE, CIAN, Smart Lighting) • Laser Interferometer Gravity Wave (LIGO) • Partnership for International Research and Education (PIRE) – Every 2 years (5 year grant)
10 Translational Research
• Industry /University Collaborative Center (I/UCRC) – Free Form Optics (CEFO, Rochester/UNCC) – Biophotonics Sensors (CBSS, BU/UCDavis) – Optical Wireless (COWA, PSU) • I-Corps (Innovation & Entrepreneurship mentoring) • PFI (Partnership For Innovation) -AIR (Accelerating Innovation Research) or -TT (Technology Transfer) • SBIR/STTR (Small Business)
11 NSB Merit Review Criteria (1)
• Intellectual Merit – Creative, original – Potentially transformative concepts – Advancing knowledge – Proposer(s) qualification – Research plan and resources
12 NSB Merit Criteria (2)
• Broader Impacts • Potential of the proposed activity to benefit society and contribute to the achievement of specific, desired societal outcome. • This may be accomplished through: • the research itself, • activities that are directly related to specific research projects, • activities that are supported by, but are complementary to the project
13 Photonics Research Enabled by NSF
14 Photonics Activities involving NSF
• U.S. NRC reports: – 1998: Harnessing Light – 2012: Optics and Photonics-Essential Technologies for our Nation • National Photonics Initiative (NPI), led by academia & industry • 2013: NSF-wide roadmap on Optics & Photonics • 2014: Fast Track Action Committee on Optics and Photonics - identified key research topics • 2015: Integrated Photonics Manufacturing (AIM-Photonics)
15 Photonics Funding at NSF
• NSF encourages Innovative research • Topics are Community driven • Photonics is inherently multidisciplinary and becoming more global • New “OP” NSF-wide meta program to solicit and review cross-disciplinary research proposals (NSF 16-004) • International collaboration is encouraged
16 Photonics Funding at NSF by Key Divisions
17 FY’15 Photonic Devices Funding by Topic in ECCS
Laser & Detector
Telecomm & PIC
Imaging, sensing
Quantum & Plasmonics
18 Proposal Topics
• Lasers and detectors: – Electrically pumped, room temperature nanolasers – 2D materials for light emission (eg. MoS2, MoSe2) • 2-DARE EFRI solicitation – Deep UV to THz – Tunable, ultrafast & frequency combs • Communications: – Photonic integration – Single photon sources, detectors, repeaters, quantum on a chip • Quantum Communication Systems EFRI solicitation (AQUIRE) – Tbps, Space-division multiplexing
19 Proposal Topics
• Solar Cells – Multi junction, Novel materials • Biophotonics – Optogenetics – Brain imaging • Imaging & Sensing: – Spectroscopy at the atomic level – Nano-optomechanics – Sensors on a chip
20 Proposal Topics
• Plasmonics & Metamaterials: – Low loss plasmonic materials – Efficient, broadband engineered materials – Topological insulators • EFRI Program: New Light and Acoustic Wave Propagation: Breaking Reciprocity and Time-Reversal Symmetry (NewLAW)
21 Plasmonic Topics currently funded
• Trade-offs in heat dissipation and optical performance at plasmonic interfaces • Plasmonic slits for subwavelength size, integrated devices, such as optical modulators • Plasmonic transparent electrodes (for PV, other…)
22 Highlights of Recent Research Awards
6/22/17 23 2015 Alan Waterman Award
• Awardee: Andrea Alù – Cloaking and Invisibility – Non periodic metasurfaces – Metamaterial devices and components (circulators)
6/22/17 24 Genetically Encoded Light Sources for Non-Invasive Optogenetics
• Utilize protein engineering to both improve light output and extend the emission spectrum of the luciferase by optimizing intramolecular bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET). • Realization of light-driven genetically targeted neuronal activation and silencing CBET – 1450216, Ute Ochgeschwender (Duke)
25 Real-time Tunable Plasmonic Nanolasing
DMR-1306514, Teri W. Odom (Northwestern) Quantum dots coupled to plasmonic nanostructures for low photon quantum circuits Theory predicts that when a quantum emitter is placed in the high field region of a plasmonic nanostructure the two systems can hybridize. Hybridization between single quantum emitters and plasmons has yet to be demonstrated because quantum emitters usually exhibit rapid dipole dephasing due to phonon scattering and spectral wandering. The PI is using indium arsenide (InAs) quantum dots in an effort to obtain nanoscale nonlinear photonic devices with ultra-low energy dissipation, and compact quantum circuits. ECCS-1508897– Edo Waks (Maryland)
27 Full Color Plasmonic Displays
The PI is developing an angle independent reflective metasurface with liquid crystals (LC) to achieve dynamic color tuning pixels. The device will independently tune color and grey- scale within a singular LC cell through novel LC optics design and multiple electrodes. The project will lead to large area skin-like full color display elements. ECCS-1509729– Debashis Chanda (University of Central Florida)
28 Plasmonic nano-antennas for enhanced optical forces
The integration of metallic nanoparticles with micro-electro- mechanical systems employs the plasmonic resonances in these nano-antennae arising from the oscillations of the conduction electrons in metals, making micromechanical resonators optically responsive. The research will result in unique opto-electro- mechanical sensors. ECCS- 1408139 Ertugrul Cubukcu (University of Pennsylvania)
29 Thank You
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