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A New Eocene Genus of the Subtribe Tylodina (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) and Notes Concerning Local Differences of Baltic Amber in the Kaliningrad Region

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A New Eocene Genus of the Subtribe Tylodina (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) and Notes Concerning Local Differences of Baltic Amber in the Kaliningrad Region Foss. Rec., 23, 75–81, 2020 https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-23-75-2020 © Author(s) 2020. This work is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License. A new Eocene genus of the subtribe Tylodina (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) and notes concerning local differences of Baltic amber in the Kaliningrad Region Andris Bukejs1, Vitalii I. Alekseev2,3, and Andrei A. Legalov4,5 1Institute of Life Sciences and Technologies, Daugavpils University, Vien¯ıbas 13, Daugavpils, 5401, Latvia 2Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Nahimovskiy prospekt 36, 117997 Moscow, Russia 3Kaliningrad Regional Amber Museum, Marshal Vasilevskii square 1, Kaliningrad, 236016, Russia 4Institute of Systematics and Ecology of Animals, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Frunze Street 11, Novosibirsk, 630091, Russia 5Altai State University, Lenina 61, Barnaul, 656049, Russia Correspondence: Andrei A. Legalov ([email protected]) Received: 25 February 2020 – Revised: 19 March 2020 – Accepted: 25 March 2020 – Published: 17 April 2020 Abstract. Based on a well-preserved specimen from Eocene structure and relationships of the Eocene faunas. This also Baltic amber, a new weevil – Baltacalles triumurbium gen. et enables the identification of phylogenetic relationships be- sp. nov. – is described and illustrated. The new fossil genus tween extinct and extant taxa. is similar to the extant Acalles Schoenherr, 1825 but dif- In the new amber material, a new species and a new genus fers from it in the denticulate femora, abdominal ventrites of the subtribe Tylodina belonging to the tribe Cryptorhyn- 1–2 combined about 2.8 times as long as ventrites 3–4 com- chini and the subfamily Molytinae was discovered. This is bined, distinct scutellum, narrow, subparallel metepisternum, the first described representative of Tylodina from Baltic am- not flattened rostrum, and narrow forehead. This is the first ber. described representative of the Tylodina (Molytinae: Cryp- torhynchini) described from Baltic amber. The data on the geographically and stratigraphically distinct local sources of 2 Material and methods Baltic amber in the Kaliningrad Region are provided; the The material examined is deposited in the Museum of Am- main sampling localities are listed and photographed. The ber Inclusions, University of Gdansk´ (Poland) (MAIG). The importance of the possible exact labeling of the material is amber piece was polished by hand, allowing improved views emphasized. of the included specimen, and was not subjected to any sup- plemental fixation. Observations of this specimen were made using a Nikon SMZ® 745T stereomicroscope. The photographs were taken 1 Introduction using a Canon 70D® camera with a macro lens (Canon MPE- 65 mm). Extended depth of field at high magnifications was Weevils from Eocene Baltic amber are very diverse. The fam- achieved by combining multiple images from a range of focal ily Curculionidae is represented by subfamilies Erirhininae, planes using Helicon Focus® v. 6.0.18 software. Measure- Molytinae, Lixinae, Dryophthorinae, Cossoninae, Conoderi- ments were taken using an ocular micrometer (expressed in nae, Curculioninae and Entiminae. Fifty-five weevil species millimeters). have been described from this deposit (Legalov, 2020). New The morphological terminology used in this paper follows species are found in new amber materials. The descriptions Lawrence et al. (2010). of these species and the establishment of their systematic po- sitions allow us to add new data to the knowledge of the Published by Copernicus Publications on behalf of the Museum für Naturkunde Berlin. 76 A. Bukejs et al.: A new Eocene genus of the subtribe Tylodina 3 Systematic paleontology Baltacalles gen. nov. in the family Curculionidae. The tibiae with large uncus and two groups of setae, straight posterior Family Curculionidae Latreille, 1802 margins of ventrites 2–3, protibiae distally without mouth groove and row of dense erect setae (grooming device), tar- Subfamily Molytinae Schoenherr, 1823 somere 5 with claws not separated by dermal lobes, antennae Tribe Cryptorhynchini Schoenherr, 1825 inserted near middle of the rostrum, and mesepimeron not en- larged and invisible between bases of prosternum and elytra, Subtribe Tylodina Lacordaire, 1865 suggest placement in the subfamily Molytinae. Placement of Genus Baltacalles gen. nov. this new fossil genus in the tribe Cryptorhynchini is based on the prosternum with rostral channel reaching middle coxae urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:71577B46-1637-478B-A069- and margined by carinae, its apex reaching mesoventrite and 62C592AE4E15 margined by a carina, postcoxal portion of the prosternum not bounded by carinae, eyes well developed, rostrum not Type species separated by groove, mesotibiae without denticle in middle of exterior margin, scape shorter than funicle and not reach- Baltacalles triumurbium sp. nov., herein designated. ing eye, and metaventrite shorter than abdominal ventrite 1. Etymology The new genus belongs to the subtribe Tylodina based on the metaventrite shorter than abdominal ventrite 3, abdomi- The name is formed from the Latin balticum (Baltic) and the nal process as wide as metacoxa, metepisternum narrow, and generic name “Acalles”. Gender masculine. elytra with reduced humeri. Description Baltacalles triumurbium sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:064999A3-EE1E-4A7B-9E5F- Rostrum curved, not flattened, not separated by transverse 2F77BE3FB31C; Figs. 1–2 groove; antennae geniculate, inserted near middle of ros- trum; funicle 7-segmented; scape shorter than funicle and not Etymology reaching eye; forehead narrow; eyes well developed, large; scutellum distinct; elytral humeri reduced; prosternum with Specific epithet is formed after the Latin phrase tres urbs in rostral channel margined by carinae; apex of rostral channel the genitive case and is the toponym referring to Trójmiasto reaching mesoventrite, margined by carina; postcoxal portion (“Tricity”) – a metropolitan area consisting of three cities of prosternum not bounded by carinae; mesepimeron not en- (Gdansk,´ Sopot and Gdynia) on the coast of the Gdansk´ Bay. larged and invisible between bases of prosternum and elytra; metaventrite shorter than abdominal ventrite 3; metepister- Type material num narrow, subparallel; abdominal ventrites 1–5 oriented in one plane; ventrites 1–2 elongate, fused, about 2.8× as Holotype: 6274 (ex. coll. Jonas Damzen JDC 8115) (MAIG); long as ventrites 3–4 combined; suture between ventrites 1– adult, sex unknown. Complete beetle is included in elongate, 2 shallow, not straight; abdominal process as broad as meta- transparent amber piece, with dimensions of 34 × 9 × 7 mm. coxa; posterior margins of ventrites 2 and 3 straight; tibiae Syninclusions: one specimen of Nematocera (Diptera), few with large uncus and two groups of setae; femora denticulate; stellate Fagaceae trichomes, and many small gas vesicles. protibiae distally without mouth groove and row of dense erect setae (grooming device); mesotibiae without denticle Type stratum in middle of exterior margin; tarsomere 5 with free claws not Baltic amber from Eocene amber-bearing Blue Earth lay- separated by dermal lobes. ers, mostly Bartonian age is interpreted for the extinct cen- Differential diagnosis tral European resin-producing forests according to Bukejs et al. (2019). The new fossil genus is similar to the extant Acalles Schoen- herr, 1825 but differs from it in the denticulate femora; ab- Type locality dominal ventrites 1–2 combined about 2.8× as long as ven- Baltic Sea coast, Yantarny settlement (formerly Palmnicken), trites 3–4 combined; distinct scutellum; narrow, subparallel Sambia (Samland) Peninsula, the Kaliningrad Region, Rus- metepisternum; not flattened rostrum; and narrow forehead. sia. Remarks The geniculate antennae, elongate and fused ventrites 1–2, and ventrites 1–5 oriented in one plane suggest placement of Foss. Rec., 23, 75–81, 2020 www.foss-rec.net/23/75/2020/ A. Bukejs et al.: A new Eocene genus of the subtribe Tylodina 77 Figure 2. Baltacalles triumurbium gen. et sp. nov., holotype, 6274 (MAIG): (a) forebody, lateral view; (b) details of left elytron, dorsal view. The arrows indicate long setae. Scale bars D 0.5 mm. Figure 1. Baltacalles triumurbium gen. et sp. nov., holotype, 6274 (MAIG): (a) habitus, dorsal view; (b) habitus, ventrolateral view; (c) habitus, left lateral view. Scale bars D 1 mm. punctation and microreticulation, and apparently with shiny, glabrous longitudinal area dorsally; antennal scrobes lat- eroventral. Forehead narrow, almost flat. Vertex slightly con- Description vex. Compound eyes large, hemispherical, convex, with large facets; partially covered by anterolateral sides of prosternum. Measurements: body length (without rostrum) 5.2 mm, Antennae geniculate, with 11 antennomeres, clavate, moder- body maximum width about 2.8 mm, rostrum length about ately long, sparsely covered with fine setae, with distinct 3- 1.7 mm; pronotum length 1.3 mm, pronotum maximum segmented club; scape long, about as long as antennomeres width 1.85 mm; elytra length 3.8 mm, elytra maximum width 2–3 combined, slightly dilated apically; antennomeres 2–3 about 2.8 mm. equal in size and shape, strongly elongate, about 4.3× as long Body elongated oval, moderately convex; integument uni- as wide; antennomeres 4–6 slightly elongate, subcylindrical; colorous, dark brown (as preserved). antennomeres 7–8 distinctly dilated apically, about as wide Pubescence: dorsum moderately densely covered with as long; antennal club compact, spindle-shaped,
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