Indicators of Sovereign Ideology
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The Cruise Passengers' Rights & Remedies 2016
PANEL SIX ADMIRALTY LAW: THE CRUISE PASSENGERS’ RIGHTS & REMEDIES 2016 245 246 ADMIRALTY LAW THE CRUISE PASSENGERS’ RIGHTS & REMEDIES 2016 Submitted By: HON. THOMAS A. DICKERSON Appellate Division, Second Department Brooklyn, NY 247 248 ADMIRALTY LAW THE CRUISE PASSENGERS’ RIGHTS & REMEDIES 2016 By Thomas A. Dickerson1 Introduction Thank you for inviting me to present on the Cruise Passengers’ Rights And Remedies 2016. For the last 40 years I have been writing about the travel consumer’s rights and remedies against airlines, cruise lines, rental car companies, taxis and ride sharing companies, hotels and resorts, tour operators, travel agents, informal travel promoters, and destination ground operators providing tours and excursions. My treatise, Travel Law, now 2,000 pages and first published in 1981, has been revised and updated 65 times, now at the rate of every 6 months. I have written over 400 legal articles and my weekly article on Travel Law is available worldwide on www.eturbonews.com Litigator During this 40 years, I spent 18 years as a consumer advocate specializing in prosecuting individual and class action cases on behalf of injured and victimized 1 Thomas A. Dickerson is an Associate Justice of the Appellate Division, Second Department of the New York State Supreme Court. Justice Dickerson is the author of Travel Law, Law Journal Press, 2016; Class Actions: The Law of 50 States, Law Journal Press, 2016; Article 9 [New York State Class Actions] of Weinstein, Korn & Miller, New York Civil Practice CPLR, Lexis-Nexis (MB), 2016; Consumer Protection Chapter 111 in Commercial Litigation In New York State Courts: Fourth Edition (Robert L. -
Ship Arrests in Practice 1 FOREWORD
SHIP ARRESTS IN PRACTICE ELEVENTH EDITION 2018 A COMPREHENSIVE GUIDE TO SHIP ARREST & RELEASE PROCEDURES IN 93 JURISDICTIONS WRITTEN BY MEMBERS OF THE SHIPARRESTED.COM NETWORK Ship Arrests in Practice 1 FOREWORD Welcome to the eleventh edition of Ship Arrests in Practice. When first designing this publication, I never imagined it would come this far. It is a pleasure to announce that we now have 93 jurisdictions (six more than in the previous edition) examined under the questionnaire I drafted years ago. For more than a decade now, this publication has been circulated to many industry players. It is a very welcome guide for parties willing to arrest or release a ship worldwide: suppliers, owners, insurers, P&I Clubs, law firms, and banks are some of our day to day readers. Thanks are due to all of the members contributing to this year’s publication and my special thanks goes to the members of the Editorial Committee who, as busy as we all are, have taken the time to review the publication to make it the first-rate source that it is. The law is stated as of 15th of January 2018. Felipe Arizon Editorial Committee of the Shiparrested.com network: Richard Faint, Kelly Yap, Francisco Venetucci, George Chalos, Marc de Man, Abraham Stern, and Dr. Felipe Arizon N.B.: The information contained in this book is for general purposes, providing a brief overview of the requirements to arrest or release ships in the said jurisdictions. It does not contain any legal or professional advice. For a detailed synopsis, please contact the members’ law firm. -
1 in the UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT for the DISTRICT of MARYLAND : : American Steamship Owners' Mutual : Protection and Inde
Case 1:08-cv-02195-CCB Document 111 Filed 05/01/12 Page 1 of 9 IN THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT FOR THE DISTRICT OF MARYLAND : : American Steamship Owners’ Mutual : Protection and Indemnity Association, Inc. : : Civil No. CCB-08-2195 v. : IN ADMIRALTY : Dann Ocean Towing, Inc., et al. : : : MEMORANDUM This case arises out of a marine insurance contract between American Steamship Owners Mutual Protection and Indemnity Association, Inc. (“American Club” or the “Club) and Dann Ocean Towing, Inc. and its subsidiary Dann Towing Company (collectively “DOT”). American Club has sued the defendants for breach of marine contract, and the defendants have counterclaimed for breach of the same contract. At issue is the timeliness of the parties’ claims and counterclaims and, specifically, whether the claims arising from the contract are governed by laches or the New York state statute of limitations. For the reasons set forth below, the court finds that by virtue of the choice-of-law provision in the marine contract, the claims and counterclaims at issue are governed by New York’s six-year statute of limitations for contract actions. BACKGROUND The facts of this case have been recited in detail in the court’s previous rulings. See Steamship I, 2010 WL 3447651 (D. Md. Aug. 30, 2010), and Steamship II, 2011 WL 3471524 (D. Md. Aug. 8, 2011). In brief, American Club is a non-profit mutual protection and indemnity 1 Case 1:08-cv-02195-CCB Document 111 Filed 05/01/12 Page 2 of 9 association that provides marine insurance to ship owners, their managers, and charterers against third-party liabilities encountered in their commercial operation of vessels. -
The Sovereign Guide to Collecting Gold Sovereigns
THE SOVEREIGN EXPERT GUIDE TO COLLECTING GOLD SOVEREIGNS Managing Consultant Alex Hanrahan shares his guide to collecting Gold Sovereigns Alex Hanrahan Managing Consultant ore CPM clients choose to build a collection Mof Gold Sovereigns than any other coin available to date. But with two centuries of Gold Sovereigns to choose from, how do you create a meaningful collection worthy of passing on to your children and grandchildren? Reverse side of Obverse side of 1817 Sovereign 2017 Sovereign Let’s start with the question of “Why collect Gold Sovereigns?” CPM, PO Box 7776, Poole, BH12 9HR 1 Why Collect Gold Sovereigns? uite simply the Gold Sovereign is without rival as the United QKingdom’s premiere Gold Coin. Struck from 22 Carat Gold to the exact same specification since 1817, it epitomises all that is British. Traded across the world during the 19th Century and early 20th Century, it became known as “The Chief Coin of the World”, whilst today’s modern Proof Sovereigns show consistent collector interest and regular sell-outs. What’s more the Gold Sovereign remains both popular and accessible, with many options to create meaningful collections at affordable prices, even going right back to George III’s reign. " So how do I ensure I create a meaningful Gold Sovereign collection?" The key is to select an element that ties together the Gold Sovereigns in your collection to create a historically meaningful collection. Here are my top 5 recommendations for building a Gold Sovereign collection. To give you some sense of affordability and ease of completion, I have rated each out of 5 stars. -
Gold, Silver and the Double-Florin
GOLD, SILVER AND THE DOUBLE-FLORIN G.P. DYER 'THERE can be no more perplexing coin than the 4s. piece . .'. It is difficult, perhaps, not to feel sympathy for the disgruntled Member of Parliament who in July 1891 expressed his unhappiness with the double-florin.1 Not only had it been an unprecedented addition to the range of silver currency when it made its appearance among the Jubilee coins in the summer of 1887, but its introduction had also coincided with the revival after an interval of some forty years of the historic crown piece. With the two coins being inconveniently close in size, weight and value (Figure 1), confusion and collision were inevitable and cries of disbelief greeted the Chancellor of the Exchequer, George Goschen, when he claimed in the House of Commons that 'there can hardly be said to be any similarity between the double florin and the crown'.2 Complaints were widespread and minting of the double-florin ceased in August 1890 after scarcely more than three years. Its fate was effectively sealed shortly afterwards when an official committee on the design of coins, appointed by Goschen, agreed at its first meeting in February 1891 that it was undesirable to retain in circulation two large coins so nearly similar in size and value and decided unanimously to recommend the withdrawal of the double- florin.3 Its demise passed without regret, The Daily Telegraph recalling a year or two later that it had been universally disliked, blessing neither him who gave nor him who took.4 As for the Fig. -
Officer Safety- Sovereign Citizens- Supplemental Information
Officer Safety- Sovereign Citizens- Supplemental Information Domestic Terrorism The Sovereign Citizen Movement 04/13/10- FBI Domestic terrorism—Americans attacking Americans because of U.S.-based extremist ideologies—comes in many forms in our post 9/11 world. To help educate the public, we’ve previously outlined two separate domestic terror threats—eco- terrorists/animal rights extremists and lone offenders. Today, we look at a third threat—the “sovereign Some examples of illegal license plates citizen” extremist movement. Sovereign citizens used by so-called sovereign citizens. are anti-government extremists who believe that even though they physically reside in this country, they are separate or “sovereign” from the United States. As a result, they believe they don’t have to answer to any government authority, including courts, taxing entities, motor vehicle departments, or law enforcement. This causes all kinds of problems—and crimes. For example, many sovereign citizens don’t pay their taxes. They hold illegal courts that issue warrants for judges and police officers. They clog up the court system with frivolous lawsuits and liens against public officials to harass them. And they use fake money orders, personal checks, and the like at government agencies, banks, and businesses. That’s just the beginning. Not every action taken in the name of the sovereign citizen ideology is a crime, but the list of illegal actions committed by these groups, cells, and individuals is extensive (and puts them squarely on our radar). In addition to the above, sovereign citizens: Commit murder and physical assault; Threaten judges, law enforcement professionals, and government personnel; Impersonate police officers and diplomats; Use fake currency, passports, license plates, and driver’s licenses; and Engineer various white-collar scams, including mortgage fraud and so-called “redemption” schemes. -
Real World Challenges: a Practical Guide to Maritime Arrest, Attachment and Judicial Sales Maritime Law Association of the United States April 29, 2015
Real World Challenges: A Practical Guide to Maritime Arrest, Attachment and Judicial Sales Maritime Law Association of the United States April 29, 2015 Presented By G. Robert Toney, Chairman National Maritime Services There are numerous practical challenges encountered in the arrest and subsequent custody period, particularly for vessels that are detained for a significant period of time. Most commercial ship arrest actions are intended for the claimant to obtain immediate payment or security and characteristically last only a few days. Today’s challenging and uncertain global economy, lack of available credit, unstable freight rates and corresponding ship values have adversely-affected ship owners and charterers, increasing the potential for long-term arrests because owners do not have the resources or desire to satisfy the claim or post alternate security. The arrest period may also be affected when additional parties intervene in the action, complicating the circumstances and the related court proceedings. Claimants and their respective advisors must acknowledge the risks associated with a vessel remaining under arrest for a significant period of time, assessing the potential costs before executing against a ship and considering how they will react to various scenarios as the custody period unfolds. INITIAL ARREST AND EVALUATION Claimants generally over-value target vessels, underestimate the likelihood of an arrest going long-term and the cost associated with keeping the vessel under arrest. This is particularly dangerous, as the arresting party(ies) are generally responsible for the costs of keeping an arrested ship. Arrest actions can potentially extend beyond a full 1 year with costs exceeding $1 million. -
PAVING the WAY for a SUSTAINABLE RECOVERY Email: [email protected] Website
Author: Andrew Jackson Editor: Ben Dyson Design: Henry Edmonds Positive Money 205 Davina House 137-149 Goswell Road London EC1V 7ET SOVEREIGN MONEY Tel: 0207 253 3235 PAVING THE WAY FOR A SUSTAINABLE RECOVERY Email: [email protected] Website: www.positivemoney.org ISBN 978-0-9574448-2-9 © November 2013, Positive Money PositiveMoney Acknowledgements We would like to thank Vicky Chick, Nick Edmonds, Dominic Haldane, Graham Hodgson, Michael Reiss, Stephen Stretton and the whole Money and Credit group at UCL for their useful comments and sugges- tions. We would also like to thank Joseph Huber and James Robertson, whose work in Creating New Money partly inspired this paper. Finally, we would like to express our gratitude to the supporters of Positive Money, without whom this paper would not have been possible. Of course the contents of this paper and any mistakes, errors or omissions remain the author’s own. Contents Executive Summary 4 Part 1: An introduction to Sovereign Money Creation 7 Introduction 7 The financial crisis 7 The post-crisis recession and recovery 9 Policy responses to the recession 10 Conventional monetary policy: interest rates 11 Unconventional monetary policy 11 Why monetary policy was ineffective in boosting the economy 13 Fiscal policy 14 Summary: The policy dilemma 14 Prospects for a sustainable recovery 15 An alternative policy: Sovereign Money Creation 16 A step-by-step procedure for Sovereign Money Creation 18 Using Sovereign Money Creation during downturns 19 Using Sovereign Money Creation as a conventional -
Sovereign Debt Guarantees and Default: Lessons from the UK and Ireland, 1920-1938∗
Sovereign debt guarantees and default: Lessons from the UK and Ireland, 1920-1938∗ Nathan Foley-Fisher y Eoin McLaughlin z This draft: May 2016; First draft: March 2014 Abstract We study the daily yields on Irish land bonds listed on the Dublin Stock Exchange during the years 1920-1938. We exploit Irish events during the period and structural differences in land bonds to tease out a measure of investors’ credibility in a UK sovereign guarantee. Using Ireland’s default on intergovernmental payments in 1932, we find a premium of about 43 basis points associated with uncertainty about the UK government guarantee. We discuss the economic and political forces behind the Irish and UK governments’ decisions pertaining to the default. Our finding has implications for modern-day proposals to issue jointly- guaranteed sovereign debt. ‘Further, in view of all the historical circumstances, it is not equitable that the Irish people should be obliged to pay away these moneys’ - Eamon De Valera, 12 October 1932 Keywords: Irish land bonds, Dublin Stock Exchange, sovereign default, debt guarantees. JEL Classification: N23, N24, G15 ∗We gratefully acknowledge discussion and comments from Stijn Claessens, Chris Colvin, David Greasley, Aidan Kane, John McDonagh, Ralf Meisenzahl, Kris Mitchener, Cormac Ó Gráda, Kim Oosterlinck, Kevin O’Rourke, Rodney Ramcharan, Paul Sharp, Christoph Trebesch, John Turner, and seminar participants in the European Historical Economics Society Annual Meetings 2015, Atlanta Fed/Emory University Workshop on Monetary and Financial History 2015, Central Bank of Ireland Economic History Workshop 2015, Irish Quantitative History Conference 2014, the Economic History Society Annual Conference 2014, the Cliometrics Conference 2014, the Scottish Economic Society Annual Conference 2014, Swiss National Bank, Dundee, Queen’s University Centre for Economic History, University of Edinburgh, LSE, and the Federal Reserve Board. -
The Bank of England and Earlier Proposals for a Decimal ,Coinage
The Bank of England and earlier proposals for a decimal ,coinage The introduction of a decimal system of currency in Febru ary 1971 makes it timely to recall earlier proposals for decimalisation with which the Bank were concerned. The establishment of a decimal coinage has long had its advocates in this country.As early as 1682 Sir William Petty was arguing in favour of a system which would make it possible to "keep all Accompts in a way of Decimal Arith metick".1 But the possibility of making the change did not become a matter of practical politics until a decade later, when the depreciated state of the silver currency made it necessary to undertake a wholesale renewal of the coinage. The advocates of decimalisation, including Sir Christopher Wren - a man who had to keep many 'accompts' - saw in the forthcoming renewal an opportunity for putting the coin age on a decimal basis.2 But the opportunity was not taken. In 1696 - two years after the foundation of the Bank - the expensive and difficult process of recoinage was carried through, but the new milled coins were issued in the tra ditional denominations. Although France and the United States, for different reasons, adopted the decimal system in the 18th century, Britain did not see fit to follow their example. The report of a Royal Commission issued in 1819 considered that the existing scale for weights and measures was "far more con venient for practical purpose,s than the Decimal scale".3 The climate of public opinion was, however, changing and in 1849 the florin was introduced in response to Parliamentary pressure as an experimental first step towards a decimal ised coinage. -
Perhaps the Most Complicated Legal Structure
LORD NEUBERGER OF ABBOTSBURY, MASTER OF THE ROLLS TOWARDS A EUROPEAN LAW? AUSTRALIAN BAR ASSOCIATION CONFERENCE – BERLIN (1) Introduction1 1. The United States of America has been described as having “perhaps the most complicated legal structure that has ever been devised and made effective in man’s effort to govern himself.”2 When Erwin Griswold wrote that in 1964 the European Union (EU) was still a distant dream, or to Eurosceptics a distant nightmare; it was then still three separate bodies: the European Coal and Steel Community (the ECSC); the European Economic Community (the EEC); and the European Atomic Energy Community (Euratom). At that time it would have made little, if any, sense to talk of European law, its complexity or efficacy. 2. The world today is rather different. The ECSC, EEC and Euratom are now part of the EU’s pre-history. The Treaty writers have travelled from Paris, via Rome, Luxembourg, Brussels, Maastricht and Nice, to Lisbon. We have moved from a community of six 1 I wish to thank John Sorabji for all his help in preparing this lecture. 2 Griswold, Law and Lawyers in the United States, The Common Law Under Stress, (1964) at 238, cited in Zweigert & Kotz (eds), An Introduction to Comparative Law, (Oxford) (1998) at 249. 1 nations to a union of 27 nations. And in the process, we have created a European law, with what was European Community law, and is now European Union law, with the Luxembourg Court as the ultimate arbiter of all issues of EU law across the Union. -
Danish Law, Part II
University of Miami Law Review Volume 5 Number 2 Article 3 2-1-1951 Danish Law, Part II Lester B. Orfield Follow this and additional works at: https://repository.law.miami.edu/umlr Recommended Citation Lester B. Orfield, Danish Law, Part II, 5 U. Miami L. Rev. 197 (1951) Available at: https://repository.law.miami.edu/umlr/vol5/iss2/3 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Journals at University of Miami School of Law Institutional Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in University of Miami Law Review by an authorized editor of University of Miami School of Law Institutional Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. DANISH LAW DANISH LAW LESTER B. ORFIELD PART II* LOCAL GOVERNMENT In 1841 local government was reformed by introducing parish councils to which the peasants elected some representatives. 233 In turn the parish councils elected members of the county councils. The pastors were no longer to be chairmen of the parish councils, but continued to be members ex officio. The right to vote was extended to owners of but 1.4 acres. The councils were created to deal with school matters and poor relief; but road maintenance, public health, business and industrial licenses, and liquor licenses were also within their province. The right to vote in local elections was long narrowly restricted. Under legislation of 1837 the six largest cities other than Copenhagen chose coun- cilmen on a property basis permitting only seven per cent of the population to vote. Early in the nineteenth century rural communities began to vote for poor law and school officials.