DOCSLIB.ORG

Cell-Cell Communication in Bacteria

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

Final Program and Abstracts Final Program 5th ASM Conference on Cell-Cell Communication in Bacteria October 18 – 21, 2014 San Antonio, Texas © 2014 American Society for Microbiology 1752 N Street, N.W. Washington, DC 20036-2904 Phone: 202-737-3600 World Wide Web: www.asm.org All Rights Reserved Printed in the United States of America Table of Contents ASM Conferences Information ...................................... 2 Conference Organization ............................................... 3 Acknowledgments .......................................................... 3 General Information ....................................................... 4 Travel Grants .................................................................. 5 Scientific Program .......................................................... 7 Speaker Abstracts ......................................................... 14 Poster Abstracts ............................................................ 35 Index ............................................................................ 99 5th ASM Conference on Cell-Cell Communication in Bacteria 1 ASM Conferences Committee Sean Whelan, Chair Petra Levin Harvard Medical School Washington University in Saint Louis Victor DiRita Gary Procop University of Michigan Cleveland Clinic Joanna Goldberg* Curtis Suttle Emory University University of British Columbia Lora Hooper Theodore White University of Texas Southwestern University of Missouri – Kansas City Medical Center *Indicates Committee Liaison for this Conference ASM Conferences Mission To identify emerging or underrepresented topics of broad scientific significance. To facilitate interactive exchange in meetings of 100 to 500 people. To encourage student and postdoctoral participation. To recruit individuals in disciplines not already involved in ASM to ASM membership. To foster interdisciplinary and international exchange and collaboration with other scientific organizations. 2 ASM Conferences Program Committee Program Chairs Program Committee Marvin Whiteley; Co-chair, University Caroline Harwood; University of of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX Washington, Seattle, WA Eric Stabb; Co-chair, University of Steve Diggle; University of Nottingham, Georgia-Athens, Athens, GA Nottingham, United Kingdom Michael Federle; University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL George Salmond; University of Cambridge, Cambridge, England Karine Gibbs; Harvard University, Cambridge, MA Kendra Rumbaugh; Texas Tech Health Sciences Center, Odessa, TX Acknowledgments he Conference Program Committee and the American Society for Microbiology Tacknowledge the following for their support of the 5th ASM Conference on Cell- Cell Communication in Bacteria. On behalf of our leadership and members, we thank them for their financial support: Platinum Patrons Gold Patrons Burroughs Wellcome Fund NIAID, National Institutes of Health* Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation National Science Foundation Silver Patron Bronze Patron Society for General Microbiology Cystic Fibrosis Foundation * Research reported in this publication was supported by the National Institute of Allergy And Infectious Diseases of the National Institutes of Health under Award Number R13AI114226. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health. 5th ASM Conference on Cell-Cell Communication in Bacteria 3 General Information REGISTRATION AND NAME BADGES posters (2,4,6…) will be officially ASM Staff will be available at the presented in Session B on Monday, registration desk in the Grand Ballroom October 20. Foyer on the 3rd Floor at the San Antonio Marriott Rivercenter during Please check your assigned number in the posted registration hours. Participants abstract index. The same number is used may collect name badges and program for the presentation and board number. materials at the registration desk. A NETWORKING MEALS AND SOCIAL name badge is required for entry into all EVENTS sessions and meals. Each participant may register one guest to attend the welcome Registration includes attendance at reception. Guest tickets are $50. Guests the Welcome Reception on Saturday, may not attend sessions, poster sessions, Networking Lunches on Sunday and lunches or coffee breaks. Monday, and Poster Session Mixers on Sunday and Monday. Ample time has GENERAL SESSIONS also been scheduled for participants to All general sessions will be held in the network during coffee breaks. Salon E of the Grand Ballroom at the San certiFicate OF attendance Antonio Marriott Rivercenter. Certificates of Attendance can be found POSTER SESSIONS in the registration packet received at the Poster boards are located in the Grand registration desk. Ballroom at the San Antonio Marriott Note: Certificates of Attendance do not Rivercenter. Posters will be available list session information. for viewing informally throughout the CAMERAS AND RECORDINGS conference, with official poster sessions POLICY scheduled on Sunday and Monday. Audio/video recorders and cameras All posters should be mounted on Sunday are not allowed in session rooms or in morning, October 19, between 7:30 and the exhibit and poster areas. Taking photographs with any device is prohibited. 8:30 am, and should be removed by 1:00 pm on Tuesday, October 21. Posters CHILD POLICY which are not removed in time will be discarded. Children are not permitted in session rooms, poster sessions, conference meals Odd-numbered posters (1,3,5…) will or social events. Please contact the hotel be officially presented in Session A on concierge to arrange for babysitting Sunday, October 19, and even-numbered services in your hotel room. 4 ASM Conferences Travel Grants ASM TRAVEL GRANTS ASM encourages the participation of graduate students and new postdocs at ASM Conferences. To support the cost of attending the conference, ASM has awarded travel grants of $500 to each of the following individuals: Kyle Asfahl Bassam Elgamoudi Rikky Rai Heiko Babel Eran Even-Tov Rebecca Scholz Pengbo Cao Jake Everett Joe Sexton Brinta Chakraborty James Gurney Pratik Shah Angel Cueva Aiqun Jia Jiayue Yang Arup Dey Zohra Kajee Liqin Zhou Omar El-Halfawy Sabina Leanti La Rosa NIH TRAVEL GRANTS The NIAID – NIH has provided a conference grant to ASM to support travel of junior investigators, postdoctoral fellows and students. The following individuals have received travel grants administered by ASM which are supported by NIH funds: Gilles Brackman Beth Lazazzera Julie Valastyan Daniel Cornforth Charlotte Michelsen Karina Xavier Michael Federle Philip Rather Maria Hadjifrangiskou Lynne Turnbull 5th ASM Conference on Cell-Cell Communication in Bacteria 5 Travel Grants NSF TRAVEL GRANTS The National Science Foundation has provided a conference grant to ASM to support travel of junior investigators, postdoctoral fellows and students. The following individuals have received travel grants administered by ASM which are supported by NSF funds: Arpan Bandyopadhyay Jodi Connell Alice Min Ishay Ben-Zion Sylvie Estrela Matthew Powers Arunima Bhattacharjee Karine Gibbs Amy Schaefer Ilka Bischofs Lisa Hawver Beth Shank Sarah Jung Burkhard Hense Patricia Silva Allie Clinton Lucy McCully SGM TRAVEL GRANTS The Society for General Microbiology (SGM) has sponsored travel grants for the following individuals to support their participation in the conference: Luke McNally Roman Popat Aled Roberts Rita Monson 6 ASM Conferences Scientific Program Saturday, October 18, 2014 6:00 – 7:30 pm Opening Session Grand Ballroom, Salon E 6:00 – 6:15 pm Welcome Remarks Marvin Whiteley, Eric Stabb, Joanna Goldberg 6:15 – 6:30 pm Tribute to Woody Hastings Pete Greenberg, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 6:30 – 7:30 pm Keynote Lecture Bonnie Bassler, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 7:30 – 9:00 pm Session 1: Signal Generation and Perception Grand Ballroom, Salon E 7:30 – 8:00 pm Title to be announced Steve Winans, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 8:00 – 8:20 pm Screening and Mutual Information Theory Reveal Single Nucleotides in Qrr4 Important for LuxR Repression Julie Valastyan, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 8:20 – 8:40 pm Phase Variation Controls Quorum Sensing in Acinetobacter baumanii Philip Rather, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 8:40 – 9:00 pm Quorum Sensing Control of a Lantibiotic Gene Cluster in Streptococcus pneumonia Beth Lazazzera, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 9:00 – 10:00 pm Welcome Reception Sazo’s Latin Grill 5th ASM Conference on Cell-Cell Communication in Bacteria 7 Scientific Program Sunday, October 19, 2014 8:30 – 11:40 am Session 2: Interference of Signaling Grand Ballroom, Salon E 8:30 – 9:00 am Title to be announced Michael Givskov, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, DENMARK 9:00 – 9:20 am How Does the Quorum Sensing Inhibitor Hamamelitannin Increase Staphylococcus aureus Biofilm Susceptibility Towards Glycopeptides Gilles Brackman, Ghent University, Gent, BELGIUM 9:20 – 9:40 am Growth Substrate Topography Switches an Interspecies Signaling Pathway in Co-Culture Biofilms Arunima Bhattacharjee, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 9:40 – 10:00 am Combinatorial Quorum Sensing Can Allow Bacteria to Resolve Their Social and Physical Environment Daniel Cornforth, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 10:00 – 10:30 am Coffee break Grand Ballroom, Salons A & B 10:30 – 11:00 am Synthetic Ligands for the Interception of Bacterial Communication Helen Blackwell, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 11:00 – 11:20 am Cell-Cell Communication
Recommended publications
  • Inter Scientific Inquiry • Nature • Technology • Evolution • Research

    Inter Scientific Inquiry • Nature • Technology • Evolution • Research

    Inter Scientific InquIry • nature • technology • evolutIon • research vol. 5 - august 2018 INTER SCIENTIFIC CONTENIDO CONTENTS MENSAJE DEL RECTOR/ MESSAGE FROM THE CHANCELLOR………………………………………………………..1 MENSAJE DE LA DECANA DE ASUNTOS ACADÉMICOS/ MESSAGE FROM THE DEAN OF ACADEMIC AFFAIRS………………………………………………………………………………………………1 DESDE EL ESCRITORIO DE LA EDITORA/ FROM THE EDITOR’S DESK…………………………………………....2 INVESTIGACIÓN/ RESEARCH ARTICLES………………………………………………………………………….....3-19 Host plant preference of Danaus plexippus larvae in the subtropical dry forest in Guánica, Puerto Rico………………………………………………………………………………………………......…3 Preferencia de plantas hospederas por parte de las larvas de Danaus plexippus en el bosque seco de Guánica, Puerto Rico López, Laysa, Santiago, Jonathan, and Puente-Rolón, Alberto Predatory behavior and prey preference of Leucauge sp. in Mayaguez, Puerto Rico……….…...7 Comportamiento de depredación y preferencia de presa de arañas del género Leucauge en Mayaguez, Puerto Rico Geli-Cruz, Orlando, Ramos-Maldonado, Frank, and Puente-Rolón, Alberto Construction and screening of soil metagenomic libraries: identification of hydrolytic metabolic activity………………………………………………………………………..……..…………....13 Construcción y prueba de bibliotecas metagenómicas de suelo: identificación de actividad metabólica hidrolítica Jiménez-Serrano, Edgar, Justiniano-Santiago, Jeydien, Reyes, Yazmin, Rosa-Matos, Raquel, Vélez- Cardona, Wilmarie, Huertas-Meléndez, Stephanie and Pagán-Jiménez, María LA INVESTIGACIÓN EN EL CAMPUS/ RESEARCH ON CAMPUS ……………………………………………………20
  • BACTERIAL and PHAGE INTERACTIONS INFLUENCING Vibrio Parahaemolyticus ECOLOGY

    BACTERIAL and PHAGE INTERACTIONS INFLUENCING Vibrio Parahaemolyticus ECOLOGY

    University of New Hampshire University of New Hampshire Scholars' Repository Master's Theses and Capstones Student Scholarship Spring 2016 BACTERIAL AND PHAGE INTERACTIONS INFLUENCING Vibrio parahaemolyticus ECOLOGY Ashley L. Marcinkiewicz University of New Hampshire, Durham Follow this and additional works at: https://scholars.unh.edu/thesis Recommended Citation Marcinkiewicz, Ashley L., "BACTERIAL AND PHAGE INTERACTIONS INFLUENCING Vibrio parahaemolyticus ECOLOGY" (2016). Master's Theses and Capstones. 852. https://scholars.unh.edu/thesis/852 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Student Scholarship at University of New Hampshire Scholars' Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Master's Theses and Capstones by an authorized administrator of University of New Hampshire Scholars' Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. BACTERIAL AND PHAGE INTERACTIONS INFLUENCING Vibrio parahaemolyticus ECOLOGY BY ASHLEY MARCINKIEWICZ Bachelor of Arts, Wells College, 2011 THESIS Submitted to the University of New Hampshire In Partial Fulfillment of The Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in Microbiology May, 2016 This thesis has been examined and approved in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Masters of Science in Microbiology by: Thesis Director, Cheryl A. Whistler Associate Professor of Molecular, Cellular, and Biomedical Sciences Stephen H. Jones Research Associate Professor of Natural Resources and the Environment Jeffrey T. Foster Assistant Professor of Molecular, Cellular, and Biomedical Sciences On April 15th, 2016 Original approved signatures are on file with the University of New Hampshire Graduate School. iii TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS………………………………………………………... vi LIST OF TABLES………………………………………………………………… vii LIST OF FIGURES…….………………………………………………………….. viii ABSTRACT……………………………………………………………………….
  • Pulse Generation in the Quorum Machinery of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa

    Pulse Generation in the Quorum Machinery of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa

    This is a repository copy of Pulse generation in the quorum machinery of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. White Rose Research Online URL for this paper: https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/116745/ Version: Published Version Article: Alfiniyah, Cicik Alfiniyah, Bees, Martin Alan and Wood, Andrew James orcid.org/0000- 0002-6119-852X (2017) Pulse generation in the quorum machinery of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Bulletin of Mathematical Biology. pp. 1360-1389. ISSN 1522-9602 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11538-017-0288-z Reuse This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) licence. This licence allows you to distribute, remix, tweak, and build upon the work, even commercially, as long as you credit the authors for the original work. More information and the full terms of the licence here: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/ Takedown If you consider content in White Rose Research Online to be in breach of UK law, please notify us by emailing [email protected] including the URL of the record and the reason for the withdrawal request. [email protected] https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/ Bull Math Biol (2017) 79:1360–1389 DOI 10.1007/s11538-017-0288-z ORIGINAL ARTICLE Pulse Generation in the Quorum Machinery of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Cicik Alfiniyah1,2 · Martin A. Bees1 · A. Jamie Wood1,3 Received: 28 September 2016 / Accepted: 3 May 2017 / Published online: 19 May 2017 © The Author(s) 2017. This article is an open access publication Abstract Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a Gram-negative bacterium that is responsible for a wide range of infections in humans.
  • Major Evolutionary Transitions in Individuality COLLOQUIUM

    Major Evolutionary Transitions in Individuality COLLOQUIUM

    PAPER Major evolutionary transitions in individuality COLLOQUIUM Stuart A. Westa,b,1, Roberta M. Fishera, Andy Gardnerc, and E. Toby Kiersd aDepartment of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PS, United Kingdom; bMagdalen College, Oxford OX1 4AU, United Kingdom; cSchool of Biology, University of St. Andrews, Dyers Brae, St. Andrews KY16 9TH, United Kingdom; and dInstitute of Ecological Sciences, Faculty of Earth and Life Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands Edited by John P. McCutcheon, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, and accepted by the Editorial Board March 13, 2015 (received for review December 7, 2014) The evolution of life on earth has been driven by a small number broken down into six questions. We explore what is already known of major evolutionary transitions. These transitions have been about the factors facilitating transitions, examining the extent to characterized by individuals that could previously replicate inde- which we can generalize across the different transitions. Ultimately, pendently, cooperating to form a new, more complex life form. we are interested in the underlying evolutionary and ecological For example, archaea and eubacteria formed eukaryotic cells, and factors that drive major transitions. cells formed multicellular organisms. However, not all cooperative Defining Major Transitions groups are en route to major transitions. How can we explain why major evolutionary transitions have or haven’t taken place on dif- A major evolutionary transition has been most broadly defined as a change in the way that heritable information is stored and ferent branches of the tree of life? We break down major transi- transmitted (2). We focus on the major transitions that lead to a tions into two steps: the formation of a cooperative group and the new form of individual (Table 1), where the same problems arise, transformation of that group into an integrated entity.
  • Sporulation Evolution and Specialization in Bacillus

    Sporulation Evolution and Specialization in Bacillus

    bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/473793; this version posted March 11, 2019. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC 4.0 International license. Research article From root to tips: sporulation evolution and specialization in Bacillus subtilis and the intestinal pathogen Clostridioides difficile Paula Ramos-Silva1*, Mónica Serrano2, Adriano O. Henriques2 1Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras, Portugal 2Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Oeiras, Portugal *Corresponding author: Present address: Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Marine Biodiversity, Leiden, The Netherlands Phone: 0031 717519283 Email: [email protected] (Paula Ramos-Silva) Running title: Sporulation from root to tips Keywords: sporulation, bacterial genome evolution, horizontal gene transfer, taxon- specific genes, Bacillus subtilis, Clostridioides difficile 1 bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/473793; this version posted March 11, 2019. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC 4.0 International license. Abstract Bacteria of the Firmicutes phylum are able to enter a developmental pathway that culminates with the formation of a highly resistant, dormant spore. Spores allow environmental persistence, dissemination and for pathogens, are infection vehicles. In both the model Bacillus subtilis, an aerobic species, and in the intestinal pathogen Clostridioides difficile, an obligate anaerobe, sporulation mobilizes hundreds of genes.
  • A Model of Symmetry Breaking in Collective Decision-Making

    A Model of Symmetry Breaking in Collective Decision-Making

    A Model of Symmetry Breaking in Collective Decision-Making Heiko Hamann1, Bernd Meyer2, Thomas Schmickl1, and Karl Crailsheim1 1 Artificial Life Lab of the Dep. of Zoology, Karl-Franzens University Graz, Austria {heiko.hamann, thomas.schmickl, karl.crailsheim}@uni-graz.at 2 FIT Centre for Research in Intelligent Systems, Monash University, Melbourne [email protected] Abstract. Symmetry breaking is commonly found in self-organized col- lective decision making. It serves an important functional role, specifi- cally in biological and bio-inspired systems. The analysis of symmetry breaking is thus an important key to understanding self-organized deci- sion making. However, in many systems of practical importance avail- able analytic methods cannot be applied due to the complexity of the scenario and consequentially the model. This applies specifically to self- organization in bio-inspired engineering. We propose a new modeling approach which allows us to formally analyze important properties of such processes. The core idea of our approach is to infer a compact model based on stochastic processes for a one-dimensional symmetry parameter. This enables us to analyze the fundamental properties of even complex collective decision making processes via Fokker–Planck theory. We are able to quantitatively address the effectiveness of symmetry breaking, the stability, the time taken to reach a consensus, and other parameters. This is demonstrated with two examples from swarm robotics. 1 Introduction Self-organization is one of the fundamental mechanism used in nature to achieve flexible and adaptive behavior in unpredictable environments [1]. Particularly collective decision making in social groups is often driven by self-organizing pro- cesses.
  • Quorum Sensing

    Quorum Sensing

    SBT1103 / MICROBIOLOGY / UNIT V / BIOTECH/BIOMED/BIOINFO II SEMESTER / I YEAR UNIT – V APPLICATIONS OF MICROBIOLOGY 1 SBT1103 / MICROBIOLOGY / UNIT V / BIOTECH/BIOMED/BIOINFO II SEMESTER / I YEAR Microbial ecology The great plate count anomaly. Counts of cells obtained via cultivation are orders of magnitude lower than those directly observed under the microscope. This is because microbiologists are able to cultivate only a minority of naturally occurring microbes using current laboratory techniques, depending on the environment.[1] Microbial ecology (or environmental microbiology) is the ecology of microorganisms: their relationship with one another and with their environment. It concerns the three major domains of life—Eukaryota, Archaea, and Bacteria—as well as viruses. Microorganisms, by their omnipresence, impact the entire biosphere. Microbial life plays a primary role in regulating biogeochemical systems in virtually all of our planet's environments, including some of the most extreme, from frozen environments and acidic lakes, to hydrothermal vents at the bottom of deepest oceans, and some of the most familiar, such as the human small intestine.[3][4] As a consequence of the quantitative magnitude of microbial life (Whitman and coworkers calculated 5.0×1030 cells, eight orders of magnitude greater than the number of stars in the observable universe[5][6]) microbes, by virtue of their biomass alone, constitute a significant carbon sink.[7] Aside from carbon fixation, microorganisms’ key collective metabolic processes (including
  • Quorum Sensing in Bacteria

    Quorum Sensing in Bacteria

    17 Aug 2001 12:48 AR AR135-07.tex AR135-07.SGM ARv2(2001/05/10) P1: GDL Annu. Rev. Microbiol. 2001. 55:165–99 Copyright c 2001 by Annual Reviews. All rights reserved QUORUM SENSING IN BACTERIA Melissa B. Miller and Bonnie L. Bassler Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544-1014; e-mail: [email protected], [email protected] Key Words autoinducer, homoserine lactone, two-component system, cell-cell communication, virulence ■ Abstract Quorum sensing is the regulation of gene expression in response to fluctuations in cell-population density. Quorum sensing bacteria produce and release chemical signal molecules called autoinducers that increase in concentration as a function of cell density. The detection of a minimal threshold stimulatory con- centration of an autoinducer leads to an alteration in gene expression. Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria use quorum sensing communication circuits to regulate a diverse array of physiological activities. These processes include symbiosis, virulence, competence, conjugation, antibiotic production, motility, sporulation, and biofilm for- mation. In general, Gram-negative bacteria use acylated homoserine lactones as au- toinducers, and Gram-positive bacteria use processed oligo-peptides to communicate. Recent advances in the field indicate that cell-cell communication via autoinducers occurs both within and between bacterial species. Furthermore, there is mounting data suggesting that bacterial autoinducers elicit specific responses from host organisms. Although the nature of the chemical signals, the signal relay mechanisms, and the target genes controlled by bacterial quorum sensing systems differ, in every case the ability to communicate with one another allows bacteria to coordinate the gene expression, and therefore the behavior, of the entire community.
  • From Genotype to Phenotype: Inferring Relationships Between Microbial Traits and Genomic Components

    From Genotype to Phenotype: Inferring Relationships Between Microbial Traits and Genomic Components

    From genotype to phenotype: inferring relationships between microbial traits and genomic components Inaugural-Dissertation zur Erlangung des Doktorgrades der Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftlichen Fakult¨at der Heinrich-Heine-Universit¨atD¨usseldorf vorgelegt von Aaron Weimann aus Oberhausen D¨usseldorf,29.08.16 aus dem Institut f¨urInformatik der Heinrich-Heine-Universit¨atD¨usseldorf Gedruckt mit der Genehmigung der Mathemathisch-Naturwissenschaftlichen Fakult¨atder Heinrich-Heine-Universit¨atD¨usseldorf Referent: Prof. Dr. Alice C. McHardy Koreferent: Prof. Dr. Martin J. Lercher Tag der m¨undlichen Pr¨ufung: 24.02.17 Selbststandigkeitserkl¨ arung¨ Hiermit erkl¨areich, dass ich die vorliegende Dissertation eigenst¨andigund ohne fremde Hilfe angefertig habe. Arbeiten Dritter wurden entsprechend zitiert. Diese Dissertation wurde bisher in dieser oder ¨ahnlicher Form noch bei keiner anderen Institution eingereicht. Ich habe bisher keine erfolglosen Promotionsversuche un- ternommen. D¨usseldorf,den . ... ... ... (Aaron Weimann) Statement of authorship I hereby certify that this dissertation is the result of my own work. No other person's work has been used without due acknowledgement. This dissertation has not been submitted in the same or similar form to other institutions. I have not previously failed a doctoral examination procedure. Summary Bacteria live in almost any imaginable environment, from the most extreme envi- ronments (e.g. in hydrothermal vents) to the bovine and human gastrointestinal tract. By adapting to such diverse environments, they have developed a large arsenal of enzymes involved in a wide variety of biochemical reactions. While some such enzymes support our digestion or can be used for the optimization of biotechnological processes, others may be harmful { e.g. mediating the roles of bacteria in human diseases.
  • Distribution of Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria in Aerobic Composting of Swine Manure with Different Antibiotics

    Distribution of Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria in Aerobic Composting of Swine Manure with Different Antibiotics

    Distribution of Antibiotic-resistant Bacteria in Aerobic Composting of Swine Manure With Different Antibiotics Tingting Song Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture Hongna Li Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture Binxu Li Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture Jiaxun Yang Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture Muhammad Fahad Sardar Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture Mengmeng Yan Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture Luyao Li Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture Yunlong Tian Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture Sha Xue Northwest A&F University: Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University Changxiong Zhu ( [email protected] ) Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1297-3307 Research Page 1/24 Keywords: Antibiotic-resistant bacteria, lincomycin, aerobic composting, ecological risk Posted Date: April 21st, 2021 DOI: https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-433065/v1 License: This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. Read Full License Version of Record: A version of this preprint was published at Environmental Sciences Europe on August 11th, 2021. See the published version at https://doi.org/10.1186/s12302-021-00535-6. Page 2/24 Abstract Background: Livestock manure is an important reservoir of antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs).
  • Disruption of Firmicutes and Actinobacteria Abundance in Tomato Rhizosphere Causes the Incidence of Bacterial Wilt Disease

    Disruption of Firmicutes and Actinobacteria Abundance in Tomato Rhizosphere Causes the Incidence of Bacterial Wilt Disease

    The ISME Journal (2021) 15:330–347 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41396-020-00785-x ARTICLE Disruption of Firmicutes and Actinobacteria abundance in tomato rhizosphere causes the incidence of bacterial wilt disease 1,2 1,3 1 1,2 Sang-Moo Lee ● Hyun Gi Kong ● Geun Cheol Song ● Choong-Min Ryu Received: 31 March 2020 / Revised: 27 August 2020 / Accepted: 17 September 2020 / Published online: 7 October 2020 © The Author(s) 2020. This article is published with open access Abstract Enrichment of protective microbiota in the rhizosphere facilitates disease suppression. However, how the disruption of protective rhizobacteria affects disease suppression is largely unknown. Here, we analyzed the rhizosphere microbial community of a healthy and diseased tomato plant grown <30-cm apart in a greenhouse at three different locations in South Korea. The abundance of Gram-positive Actinobacteria and Firmicutes phyla was lower in diseased rhizosphere soil (DRS) than in healthy rhizosphere soil (HRS) without changes in the causative Ralstonia solanacearum population. Artificial disruption of Gram-positive bacteria in HRS using 500-μg/mL vancomycin increased bacterial wilt occurrence in tomato. To identify HRS-specific and plant-protective Gram-positive bacteria species, Brevibacterium frigoritolerans HRS1, Bacillus 1234567890();,: 1234567890();,: niacini HRS2, Solibacillus silvestris HRS3, and Bacillus luciferensis HRS4 were selected from among 326 heat-stable culturable bacteria isolates. These four strains did not directly antagonize R. solanacearum but activated plant immunity. A synthetic community comprising these four strains displayed greater immune activation against R. solanacearum and extended plant protection by 4 more days in comparison with each individual strain. Overall, our results demonstrate for the first time that dysbiosis of the protective Gram-positive bacterial community in DRS promotes the incidence of disease.
  • Dynamics and Stabilization of the Rumen Microbiome in Yearling

    Dynamics and Stabilization of the Rumen Microbiome in Yearling

    www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN Dynamics and stabilization of the rumen microbiome in yearling Tibetan sheep Lei Wang1,2,4, Ke Zhang3,4, Chenguang Zhang3, Yuzhe Feng1, Xiaowei Zhang1, Xiaolong Wang 3 & Guofang Wu1,2* The productivity of ruminants depends largely on rumen microbiota. However, there are few studies on the age-related succession of rumen microbial communities in grazing lambs. Here, we conducted 16 s rRNA gene sequencing for bacterial identifcation on rumen fuid samples from 27 Tibetan lambs at nine developmental stages (days (D) 0, 2, 7, 14, 28, 42, 56, 70, and 360, n = 3). We observed that Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria populations were signifcantly changed during the growing lambs’ frst year of life. Bacteroidetes abundance increased from 18.9% on D0 to 53.9% on D360. On the other hand, Proteobacteria abundance decreased signifcantly from 40.8% on D0 to 5.9% on D360. Prevotella_1 established an absolute advantage in the rumen after 7 days of age. The co-occurrence network showed that the diferent microbial of the rumen presented a complex synergistic and cumbersome relationship. A phylogenetic tree was constructed, indicating that during the colonization process, may occur a phenomenon in which bacteria with close kinship are preferentially colonized. Overall, this study provides new insights into the colonization of bacterial communities in lambs that will beneft the development of management strategies to promote colonization of target communities to improve functional development. Rumen microbes are essential for ruminant health. Ruminants rely upon the action of microbial fermentation in the rumen to digest plant fbers and convert some nutrients that cannot be directly utilized into animal proteins for host utilization1.