Religious and Education Mashaikh in Ahmad
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Religious and Educational Services of Ulema and Mashaikh in Ahmad Pur East (1750 -2000) RESEARCHER ABDUL HAFEEZ Roll No. 11 Session: 2013-2015 M. Phil History SUPERVISOR Dr. Mazher Hussain DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY 1 “RELIGIOUS AND EDUCATIONAL SERVICES OF ULEMA&MASHAIKH IN AHMEDPUR EAST (1750-2000) ” A Thesis Submitted to the Islamia University of Bahawalpur in partial fulfillment of the r equirement for the Degree of Master of Philosophy in History BY ABDUL HAFEEZ DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY The Islamia University of Bahawalpur March 2015 2 Table of Contents Sr.No. Page No. Dedication 4 Statement &Declaration 5 Certificate 6 Acknowledgment 7 Abstract 11 Introduction 13 Chapter 1: 25 Religious and Educational History of Ahmedpur East 1.1 Religious History of Ahmedpur East 1.2 Educational History of Ahmedpur East 1.3 Ulema of Ahmedpur East 1.3.1 Molvi Muhammad Ahmed (1851-1922 A.D.) 1.3.2 Maulana Abdul Hamid (1866-1980 A.D.) 1.3.3 Maulana Abdul HaqMuhaddis (1884 -1972 A.D.) 1.3.4 Mufti Wahid Buksh (1890-1960 A.D.) 1.3.5 Taj Muhammad Khan Durrani (-1966) 1.3.6 Maulana Abdul Rehman (1907-1999 A.D.) 1.3.7 Maulana Muhammad Abdullah (1929-2006 A.D.) 1.3.8 AllamaManzoorAhmeedFaizi (1939-2007 A.D.) Chapter 2: 57 Mashaikh of Ahmedpur East 2.1 Syed Noor Shah Bukhari (1663-1724A.D.) 2.2 HazretAzmet Sultan (1737-1807A.D.) 2.3 Khawaja Gul Muhammad Qureshi Kerkhi (1755-1827A.D) 2.4 Syed Abdullah Shah Bukhari (1772-1859 A.D.) 2.5 MakhdoomAkhirBahawelHaq (1783-1850 A.D.) 9 2.6 Hafiz GhulamHyder Khan (1876-1936 A.D.) 2.7 Khawaja Muhammad Saeed Qureshi (1899-1944 A.D.) 2.8 Maulana Abdul Malik Naqshbandi (1901-1971A.D.) 2.9 Hakeem Bader Chishti (1922- 1986 A.D.) Chapter 3: 78 Religious and Educational Services of Ulema and Mashaikh of Ahmedpur East 3.1 Khawaja Gul Muhammad Qureshi Kerkhi (1755-1827A.D) 3.2 Molvi Muhammad Ahmed (1851-1922 A.D.) 3.3 Maulana Abdul Hamid (1866-1980 A.D.) 3.4 Maulana Abdul HaqMuhaddis (1884 -1972 A.D) 3.5 Mufti Wahid Buksh (1890-1960 A.D.) 3.6 Khawaja Muhammad Saeed Qureshi (1899-1944 A.D.) 3.7 Hakeem Bader Chishti (1922- 1986 A.D.) 3.8 Maulana Muhammad Abdullah (1929-2006 A.D.) 3.9 AllamaManzoorAhmeedFaizi (1939-2007 A.D.) Chapter 4: 96 Review of Literary Services of Ulema and Mashaikh of Ahmedpur East 4.1 Khawaja Gul Muhammad Qureshi Kerkhi (1755-1827A.D) 4.2 Maulana Abdul HaqMuhaddis (1884 -1972 A.D) 4.3 Hakeem Bader Chishti (1922- 1986 A.D.) 4.4 Maulana Muhammad Abdullah (1929-2006 A.D.) 4.5 AllamaManzoorAhmeedFaizi (1939-2007 A.D.) Conclusion 115 Bibliogarphy 118 Appendices 121 Glossry 134 10 Abstract Ahmedpur East is founded by Ahmed Khan Pirjani so related its name with its founder, the great supporter of founders of Bahawalpur Nawab Sadiq Muhammad Khan I. As it was founded by a true lover and preacher of Islam for the cause of Islam, so it remained the centre of Islam throughout its history. It produced a lot number of saints likeSyed Noor Shah Bukhari Syed Hazrat Azmet Sultanand Kahwaja Gul Muhammad, Abdullah Shaha Jillani and Makhdoom Akhir Bahawal Haq. It is the land of well known Ulema like Molvi Muhammad Ahmed, Maulana Abdul Hameed Sahib , Maulana Abdul Haq, Mufti Wahid Bukhsh, Maulana Abdullah Khan and Maulana Manzoor Ahmed Faizi. In Ahmedpur East Mahshiakh of Naqshbandia Chain likes Maulana Saeed Ahmed Qureshi, Hafia Ghulam Hyder Khan and Maulana Abdul Malik Naqshbandi. Well- known writers and educationist Ulema like Muhammad Abdullah Khan and Maulana Manzoor Ahmed Faizi were also belonged to Ahmedpur East. The role of these Ulema remained the role of religious guide, guard of belief of Islam especially oneness of Almighty Allah, and Khatm-e-Nabbuwwat , reformer of society and as founders educational institutions like Maddaris and schools. Their role for the preaching of Islam and its teachings was for the eternal betterment of people and their politics was for the improvement of social life of public. 11 Religious, educational and political services of these Ulema are the compulsory part of the history of Ahmedpur East. Due to religious services of these Ulema society of Ahmedpur East is on the Islamic path. Being the centre of Maddaris it is not only the source of Islamic education but also the source of producing Alim , prayer head, prayer caller etc throughout the country. In the field ofpolitics the role of Ulema in Ahmedpur East remained limited only for the welfare and betterment of the people of their locality. In the national politics they always played role only forthe cause of Islam on the plateform of religious parties like JUI, JUP and Jamait Ehl-a-Hdith etc. Conclusion is that Ulema a Ahmedpur East always remained a beneficent factor of Ahmedpur East society due to their positive role. 12 INTRODUCTION Statement of Problem Ahmedpur East is situated in Hakra valley. Hakra valley name is due to bead of old Hakra River flowing in this region. That river was started from Shimla, passing through SuratGrah entered into Bahawalpur. After covering three hundred miles distance it reached near Pattan Minara and then merged into Sind. This valley is 50 miles wide and 300 miles long covering about the present Bahawalpur whole Division. 1As from the beginning of life, civilizations were associated along the banks of rives and valleys attached to the rivers. So like other reveries valley, Hakra valley was also associated with river Hakra . This valley also possesses the stories of centuries. It also possesses the history from the period of stone up to now. It also has seen rise and fall of cultures and civilizations. This valley also had cities which were established and runed by the hands of time. When we talk about the ancientness of the city Ahmedpur East then we should keep in our mind that in the past cities were established along the riverside. By this point of view first clue came from the book “History Today” in which written as: “Alexander the Great met the people of Sui or Saboi Tribe near the city of Ahmedpur East of Bahawalpur Division who had worn leather dress holding gurz 2 (Hammer like) in their hands.” 1 Ghazi Ghreeb-Ullah, 12 November (2008 ), “Darya-a-Ghagra”,Multan: Daily Ausaf, p.2 2 Syed Noor Ali ZaminHussaini (1972), Moarfi-a- Saraiky, Ahmedpur East :Mustafa Shah Acadmey, p.37 13 These are the words which gives firsthand information about the ancientness of Ahmedpur East. Alexander came in this region about 326 B.C. 3 It also proves the conclusion of researchers and general theory of city establishment. There are many places around the Ahmedpur East which proves its presence before or at the time of Alexander the Great. In the North West at 20 kilometer, Alexander established city Askalanda presently known as Uch is present. Just at the few degrees of Uch road slight toward north east another road goes to Kotla Musa khan. Along this road two ancient mounds are present, one at six kilometer known as Munday MehmoodShaheed and second in Kotla known as “Damri KaTheer ”. 4 According to Daulat Mirat Abbasia, Jawahir Abassia, Sadiq Al-Tawarikh and Subah Sadiq , Ahmed Khan Pirjani, the founder of present city firstly populated the place near present Uch Railway crossing by cutting woods with his fellows and families. This locality was devastated by flood. Then he collected there remaining of material and founded present city in the East of previous at two kilometer distance on a mound in 1758. 5 With respect to structure Ahmedpur East is divided into two parts in which KLP (Karachi, Peshawer, Lahore) road acts as dividend line. On the Northern side of KLP City is situated and on the Southern side Dera Nawab Sahib Cantonment is 3 Prof. Muhammad Kamil (1994), “Sui Vehar” , Al-Zubair Asara-a- Qadeema Number , Bahawalpur :Urdu Acadmey, p.67 4Moarfi-a- Saraiki , p.142 5Malik Muhammad Din (2000), Gazetteer of Bahawalpur State 1904, Lahore :Sang-e-Meel Publication, p.321 14 situated. When Ahmedpur East became thickly populated then Nawab Muhammad Bahawel Khan III decided to establish a new site for residential purpose. He selected a place in the South of present city at three miles distance. Here built residential buildings. He also built a mud wall around these buildings. Initially this new place was given the named “Dera Mu-Ala”. With the passage of time new buildings was added in this boundary. Now this part is known as “Mahl-e- Qadeem” .6Last construction of this chain is Sadiq Garh Palace which was constructed by Sadiq Muhammad Khan IV. Dera Mu-Ala was also known as Dera Mubarak but last name is Dera Nawab Sahib . In every land and soil, some personalities of high dignity are found, and due to the personal qualities of these, the region, city and the soil gains fame. These personalities also made efforts in keeping and saving the appearance of the supreme human values. Although history of Ahmedpur East and the region is many fold ancient than its present existence, but we have been tempted to study the life and achievements of the renowned personalities from 1750 to 2000, who have kept the flag of Ahmedpur East always high due to their capability and God- gifted potential. There are a lot number of personalities belonging to Ahmedpur East who played vital role in their field. There are as many fields so many personalities but I have suggested only to do research on Ulema (Religious Scholers)and 6 Muhammad AnwerFeroz(1989), Aina-a- Dar Alsaroor Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur :Yousuf, Younus Brothers Publishers, p.125 15 Mashaikh (Spiritual Guide) of Ahmedpur East.