Performance and Replacement Parts for Late Model Camaro, Gm Full-Size Truck/Suv, & Street Rods
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1. the Future for Automotive Two-Stroke Engines – Part 2
N0.21 THE FUTURE FOR AUTOMOTIVE TWO-STROKE ENGINES (Part 2) CURRENT DEVELOPMENTS Synthetic-based formulation likely to be the preferred option. In the previous issue of Lube, the origins and initial development of the 2T Tendency for combustion chamber deposit formation would have required a engine were described. The earlier engines, characterised by smoky exhausts low ash or ash less lubricant. and poor specific fuel economy, will be remembered by many of the older High temperatures require strong anti-oxidancy. fraternity, as they provided motive power for many commuter lightweight motorcycles, mopeds and scooters in the prewar and postwar years. Many WET SUMP vehicle manufacturers in the UK used proprietary power units manufactured Again, no valve train therefore no requirement for e.g. ZDDP anti-wear by specialist engine manufacturers such as Villiers, who dominated the agent. market, although smaller engine suppliers included companies such as British Diluent unnecessary/undesirable. Anzani. A number of other companies, including Scott, Associated Conventional base oil plus viscosity index-improver is possible (SAE 10/30?). Motorcycles, Excelsior and latterly Ariel also designed their own engines, use Polymer deposits may favour synthetic approach. of which was restricted in the main to vehicles of their own manufacture. However, with the demise of the UK motorcycle industry, 2T engine Tendency for combustion chamber deposits requires a low ash approach. developments, which have progressed steadily during subsequent years, The conclusion was that, in spite of the substantial differences between the have been largely attributable to overseas manufacturers with assistance types of the Orbital engines described above, it may well have been possible from some UK specialist consultancy organizations such as Ricardos at to meet the requirements of both types of engine with a single lubricant, Shoreham. -
BOSE , CUTTACK 1. Mist Lubrication System
BOSE , CUTTACK CHAPTER-06 LUBRICATION SYSTEM IN AUTOMOBILE Functions of lubricating oil: A good lubricating oil should perform the following function. · It reduces the friction between the moving parts. · It cools the piston so it also acts as a cooling medium. · It also prevents the leakage of gas between the piston and cylinder because it makes a film of lubricant between them. · It also reduces the noise between the rubbing surfaces. The various lubrication systems used for lubricating the various parts of engine are classified as 1. Mist lubrication system 2. Wet sump lubrication system, and 3. Dry sump lubrication system. 1. Mist lubrication system: Mist lubrication system is a very simple type of lubrication. In this system, the small quantity of lubricating oil (usually 2 to 3%) is mixed with the fuel (preferably gasoline). The oil and fuel mixture is introduced through the carburetor. The gasoline vaporized and oil in the form of mist enters the cylinder via the crank base. The droplets of oil strike the crank base. The droplets of oil strike the crank base, lubricate the main and connecting rod bearings and the rest of the oil lubricates the piston, piston rings and cylinder. The system is preferred in two stroke engines where crank base lubrication is not required. In a two-stroke engine, the charge is partially compressed in a crank base, so it is not possible to have the oil in the crank base. This system is simple, low cost and maintenance free because it does not require any oil pump, filter, etc. However, it has certain serious disadvantages. -
DEUTZ Pose Also Implies Compliance with the Con- Original Parts Is Prescribed
Operation Manual 914 Safety guidelines / Accident prevention ● Please read and observe the information given in this Operation Manual. This will ● Unauthorized engine modifications will in- enable you to avoid accidents, preserve the validate any liability claims against the manu- manufacturer’s warranty and maintain the facturer for resultant damage. engine in peak operating condition. Manipulations of the injection and regulating system may also influence the performance ● This engine has been built exclusively for of the engine, and its emissions. Adherence the application specified in the scope of to legislation on pollution cannot be guaran- supply, as described by the equipment manu- teed under such conditions. facturer and is to be used only for the intended purpose. Any use exceeding that ● Do not change, convert or adjust the cooling scope is considered to be contrary to the air intake area to the blower. intended purpose. The manufacturer will The manufacturer shall not be held respon- not assume responsibility for any damage sible for any damage which results from resulting therefrom. The risks involved are such work. to be borne solely by the user. ● When carrying out maintenance/repair op- ● Use in accordance with the intended pur- erations on the engine, the use of DEUTZ pose also implies compliance with the con- original parts is prescribed. These are spe- ditions laid down by the manufacturer for cially designed for your engine and guaran- operation, maintenance and servicing. The tee perfect operation. engine should only be operated by person- Non-compliance results in the expiry of the nel trained in its use and the hazards in- warranty! volved. -
PICTURE DESCRIPTION REPLACEMENT MANUFACTURER & P/N Power Steering Bracket Assembly 97-253BK
REPLACEMENT PICTURE DESCRIPTION MANUFACTURER & P/N 97-253BK (Black - LT4 for Add-On P/ S to Dry Sump ONLY) Power Steering Bracket Assembly 97-251BK (Black Dry Sump) Manifold Assembly, Water Pump Alternator Bracket Holley 97-254 Alternator Bracket Spacer Holley 97-255 (Wet Sump) 97-262BK (Black Wet Sump) Spacer, P/S Bracket Assembly Gaskets, Water Pump GM 12657430 Water Pump Drive Assembly -Clockwise Rotation- Holley 97-245 (not included with wet sump applications) Water Pump Assembly Gasket GM 12619770 REPLACEMENT PICTURE DESCRIPTION MANUFACTURER & P/N Bando 6PK1780 (20-220, Belt (6-Rib), Accessories 20-221, 20-230 & BK versions) Bando 6PK1500 (20-224 & 20-224) Gates FleetRunner® K080820HD Belt (8-Rib), Supercharger (20-220, 20-221, 20-222 & BK ver.) Bando 8PK2130 (20-223 & BK ver.) Bando 11PK2185 (20-233 & BK ver.) Belt (11-Rib), Supercharger Bando Aramid 11PK2137A (20-230 & BK ver.) Holley 97-247 / Thermostat 190° & Housing GM 12674634 LT4 - Holley 97-243 / GM 12663624 Supercharger Tensioner Holley 97-244 / Accessory Tensioner GM 12669076 LT4 - Holley 97-242 / GM 12642706 Supercharger Smooth Idler, Lower LT4 - Holley 97-241 / GM 12665845 Supercharger Smooth Idler, Center LT4 - Holley 97-240 / GM 12678245 Supercharger Ribbed Idler, Center Holley 97-249 / Accessories Smooth Idler Gates 36101 Alternator Harness Pigtail Holley 197-400 197-303 (Black) Alternator REPLACEMENT PICTURE DESCRIPTION MANUFACTURER & P/N Adapter Manifold for A/C Compressor & Holley 199-201 / 199-201BK Hardware (Long Option) Adapter Manifold for A/C Compressor & Holley -
High Pressure Ratio Intercooled Turboprop Study
E AMEICA SOCIEY O MECAICA EGIEES 92-GT-405 4 E. 4 S., ew Yok, .Y. 00 h St hll nt b rpnbl fr ttnt r pnn dvnd In ppr r n d n t tn f th St r f t vn r Stn, r prntd In t pbltn. n rnt nl f th ppr pblhd n n ASME rnl. pr r vlbl fr ASME fr fftn nth ftr th tn. rntd n USA Copyright © 1992 by ASME ig essue aio Iecooe uoo Suy C. OGES Downloaded from http://asmedigitalcollection.asme.org/GT/proceedings-pdf/GT1992/78941/V002T02A028/2401669/v002t02a028-92-gt-405.pdf by guest on 23 September 2021 Sundstrand Power Systems San Diego, CA ASAC NOMENCLATURE High altitude long endurance unmanned aircraft impose KFT Altitude Thousands Feet unique contraints on candidate engine propulsion systems and HP Horsepower types. Piston, rotary and gas turbine engines have been proposed for such special applications. Of prime importance is the HIPIT High Pressure Intercooled Turbine requirement for maximum thermal efficiency (minimum specific Mn Flight Mach Number fuel consumption) with minimum waste heat rejection. Engine weight, although secondary to fuel economy, must be evaluated Mls Inducer Mach Number when comparing various engine candidates. Weight can be Specific Speed (Dimensionless) minimized by either high degrees of turbocharging with the Ns piston and rotary engines, or by the high power density Exponent capabilities of the gas turbine. pps Airflow The design characteristics and features of a conceptual high SFC Specific Fuel Consumption pressure ratio intercooled turboprop are discussed. The intended application would be for long endurance aircraft flying TIT Turbine Inlet Temperature °F at an altitude of 60,000 ft.(18,300 m). -
Vacuum Pumps Add Easy Horsepower to Any Engine. Here's
The three core components of any vacuum pump system are the pump, drive pulleys, and breather tank. Aerospace Components' billet hardware is too pretty to hide under the hood. The company offers turnkey kits for both small- and big-block Fords. TECH Vacuum Pumps Add Easy Horsepower to Any Engine. BY STEPHEN KIM PHOTOS Here's a Closer Look and How they Work COURTESY OF THE MANUFACTURERS hen a bazillion PSI of cylinder pressure pushes down on the pistons, some of it’s going to leak past the rings and into the crankcase. That’s why old cars have breathers, and newer cars have W PCV systems. While a wee bit of blow-by is completely normal— even in a 100-percent healthy motor—if an engine’s crankcase isn’t ventilated, that wee bit of blow-by is enough to pop oil seals and gaskets in no time. No bueno, homie. So what’s a racer to do? Valve cover breathers are an easy fix for non-emissions engines, but zip-tying rags onto the breathers and using them as disposable “catch cans” is downright ghetto. Instead of venting crankcase fumes into the atmosphere, late-model motors circulate them back into the intake manifold by utilizing a PCV valve. While these closed-loop systems are great for tree-huggers, they also re-circulate tiny oil droplets into the induction tract, which reduces knock resistance and can lead to detonation. Still no bueno, homie. So what’s a racer to do? The ultimate solution is sucking the fumes out of the crankcase with a vacuum pump. -
LUBRICATION SYSTEM in IC ENGINES Definition of Lubrication
LUBRICATION SYSTEM IN IC ENGINES Definition of lubrication Lubrication is the action of applying a substance such as oil or grease to an engine or component so as to minimize friction and allow smooth movement. Lubrication System Lubricating system is a mechanical system of lubricating internal combustion engines in which a pump forces oil into the engine bearings. PURPOSE OF LUBRICATION ➢ To reduce the friction between moving parts ➢ To increase the efficiency ➢ To minimize the vibrations ➢ To reduce the corrosion and carbon deposits ➢ To reduce the heat of moving parts ➢ To minimize power loss due to friction ➢ To reduce the noise created by moving parts ➢ To provide cooling to the engine TYPES OF LUBRICANTS ➢SOLID LUBRICANTS ❑ e.g. graphite ,molybdenum ,mica ➢ SEMI-SOLID LUBRICANTS ❑ e.g. heavy greases ➢ LIQUID LUBRICANTS ❑ e.g. mineral oil obtained by refining petroleum. PROPERTIES OF LUBRICANTS ➢ Viscosity ❑ It is a measure of the resistance to flow of an oil ❑ It is measured in saybolt universal seconds (SUS) ❑ It is expressed in centistokes ,centipoises and redwood seconds ➢ Viscosity Index ❑ viscosity of oil decreases with increase in temperature ➢ Cloud point ❑ If an oil is cooled , it will start solidifying at some time . ❑ Temperature at which oil starts solidifying , is called cloud point PROPERTIES OF LUBRICANTS ➢Pour point ❑ It is temperature just above which the oil sample will not flow under certain prescribed conditions ❑ this property is important for operation of engines and substances at low temperature conditions ➢ Flash point and Fire point ❑ The temperature at which vapour of an oil flash when subjected to a naked flame is called flash point ❑ Fire point is the temperature at which the oil ,it once lit with flame ,will burnt steadily at least for 5 seconds ➢ Specific Gravity ❑ It varies between 0.85 to 0.96 SAE Number • Society of Automotive Engineer has recommended SAE viscosity number for lubricating oils. -
Modular Holley LT4/LT5 Accessory Drive Kits
Modular Holley LT4/LT5 Accessory Drive Kits PICTURE Pages DESCRIPTION P/N APPLICATION 20-220 LT4 20-220BK Wet Sump Comprehensive 20-221 LT4 All Drive Kits 20-221BK Dry Sump 20-230 LT5 20-230BK Dry Sump 20-222 LT4 Add-On Power 20-222BK Wet Sump Steering Kits Works with original 8 & 20-223 LT4 equipment GM 15-19 20-223BK Dry Sump accessories and brackets. 20-233 LT5 20-233BK Dry Sump Alternator / Bracket Kits Offers notably more application clearance at the 20-224 LT4 9 alternator while 20-226 Wet Sump working with original equipment GM accessories and brackets and Holley add-on P/S. 97-206 97-185 97-207 97-187 8 & 97-210 717-15 Accessories 20-24 97-211 717-16 97-212 1 Holley’s complete accessory systems for LT4 and LT5 applications have all accessories pulled up and in tight. In addition, they add the much needed hydraulic power steering solution. There are no shortcuts here. Holley incorporates a splined dual bearing system that eliminates all belt stresses on the P/S pump’s internal bearings, assuring long life. The supercharger drive maintains the original and optimized belt path and tensioner. The accessory layout is as if the original manufacturer had designed it for your swap application. Included with each drive system is a throttle body angle correcting adapter that better positions the throttle body for swap applications as opposed to the aggressive angle intended for the original application. Versions of these accessory drives are available for both wet and dry sump applications. -
GO-480, IGO-480, GSO-480 and IGSO-480 Series OperatorS Manual Lycoming Part Number: 60297-14
Operators Manual Lycoming GO-480, IGO-480, GSO-480 and IGSO-480 Series Approved by FAA 3rd Edition Part No. 60297-14 July 2008 652 Oliver Street Williamsport, PA. 17701 U.S.A. 570/323-6181 GO-480, IGO-480, GSO-480 and IGSO-480 Series Operators Manual Lycoming Part Number: 60297-14 ©2008 by Lycoming. All rights reserved. Lycoming and Powered by Lycoming are trademarks or registered trademarks of Lycoming. Lycoming Engines, a division of AVCO Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Textron Inc. All brand and product names referenced in this publication are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective companies. For additional information: Mailing address: Lycoming Engines 652 Oliver Street Williamsport, PA 17701 U.S.A. Phone: Factory: 570-323-6181 Sales Department: 570-327-7268 Fax: 570-327-7101 Lycomings regular business hours are Monday through Friday from 8:00 AM through 5:00 PM Eastern Time (-5 GMT) Visit us on the World Wide Web at: http://www.lycoming.com LYCOMING OPERATORS MANUAL ATTENTION OWNERS, OPERATORS, AND MAINTENANCE PERSONNEL This operators manual contains a description of the engine, its specifications, and detailed information on how to operate and maintain it. Such maintenance procedures that may be required in conjunction with periodic inspections are also included. This manual is intended for use by owners, pilots and maintenance personnel responsible for care of Lycoming powered aircraft. Modifications and repair procedures are contained in Lycoming overhaul manuals; maintenance personnel should refer to these for such procedures. SAFETY WARNING Neglecting to follow the operating instructions and to carry out periodic maintenance procedures can result in poor engine performance and power loss. -
Technical Info
ENGINE (4G6) – GENERAL 1-1 SECTION 1 ENGINE CONTENTS Engine (4G6)............................................1-1 Fuel System.............................................1-7 General information................................1-1 1. Fuel tank ........................................................1-8 1. Major specifications .......................................1-1 Control System.......................................1-9 2. Engine Performance Curve ...........................1-2 1. Fuel injection control ....................................1-11 Base Engine ............................................1-2 2. Idle speed control.........................................1-11 1. Timing belt cover............................................1-2 3. Ignition timing and distribution 2. Piston.............................................................1-3 control..........................................................1-12 3. Valve spring ...................................................1-3 4. Other controls ..............................................1-12 4. Delivery pipe ..................................................1-4 5. Diagnosis system.........................................1-12 Cooling Equipment.................................1-5 Emission Control System ....................1-13 Intake and Exhaust Equipment .............1-5 Mount .....................................................1-14 1. Air intake system............................................1-5 Engine (4G6) General information The 4G63-T/C engine of the Lancer Evolution-VIII -
AC 23.909-1- Installation of Turbochargers in Small Airplanes
0 Advisory U.S. Department ( of Transportation Federal Aviation Circular Administration Subject: INSTALLATION OF TURBOCHARGERS Date: 2/3/86 AC No: 23. 909- 1 IN SMALL AIRPLANES WITH Initiated by: ACE- 100 Change: RECIPROCATING ENG INES 1. PURPOSE. This advisory circular (AC) provides information and gu idance concerning an acceptable means, but not the only means , of showing comp I iance with Part 23 of the Federal Aviation Regulations (FAR) , applicable to approval procedures and installation of turbochargers in smal I a irplanes. Accordingly, this material is neither mandatory nor regulatory in nature and does not constitute a regulation . 2. RELATED FAR SECTIONS . Section 23 .909 and applicable sections of Part 33 of the FAR (Part 3 of the Civ i I Air Regulations (CAR) does not have a corresponding requirement). 3. BACKGROUND . ( a. Exhaust gas- driven turbochargers are avai I able for use with reciprocat ing engines to: (1) Increase takeoff and maximum continuous power avai I able at sea leve l and a ltitude (turbosupercharged - boosted) . (2) Maintain maximum continuous or cruise powers above sea level altitude (turbonormal ized) . (3) Provtde a source of a ir to pressurize the cabin . NOTE : The word turbocharger wi I I be used throughout this AC to include both turbosupercharged boosted and tur bonormal ized engines . b. Section 23 .909 contains requirements for approval of turbochargers on smal I airp lanes. Th is regulation refers to des ign standards required in Part 33 of the FAR. Part 3 of the CAR does not speciflcal ly cover the approva l requirements for the insta l lation of a turbocharged engine in an airplane . -
Intercooler Pipe Upgrage Kit (Oem Replacement) 2011 - 2016 6.7L Ford | 122011
INTERCOOLER PIPE UPGRAGE KIT (OEM REPLACEMENT) 2011 - 2016 6.7L FORD | 122011 INSTALLATION GUIDE HS-MOTORSPORTS.COMHS-MOTORSPORTS.COM 1 INTERCOOLER PIPE UPGRADE KIT 6.7L FORD TROUBLESHOOTING Please read and understand all installation instructions before proceeding with the installation. If you have questions during the installation of this product, please contact H&S Motorsports support at [email protected] or (855)623-4450. INCLUDED PARTS 1 - HSM Billet Aluminum Throttle Coupler 1 - 5-Ply Stainless-Reinforced Hose Replacement 2 - Stainless T-bolt Clamps STEP 1 Disconnect the vehicle batteries. Disconnect the intake air temperature sensor connector and clip from the back side of the factory intercooler pipe. Disconnect the clip holding intake air temperature sensor wiring to the fan shroud. 2 2011-2016 6.7L FORD INTERCOOLER PIPE UPGRADE (OEM REPL.) INTERCOOLER PIPE UPGRADE KIT STEP 2 6.7L FORD Remove the bolt holding the power steering reservoir to the fan shroud. Pull the power steering reservoir up to disconnect it from the fan shroud and just let the reservoir swing free to temporarily provide easier access to the lower intercooler pipe connection point (on intercooler). Loosen the lower factory t-bolt clamp (at intercooler). STEP 3 With a pick tool or something similar, carefully remove the metal locking clip from the factory plastic throttle body coupler. Be careful not to damage the ring as it will be re-used later. With everything disconnected, carefully remove the entire cold-side factory intercooler pipe assembly from the vehicle. HS-MOTORSPORTS.COM 3 STEP 4 Twist carefully (1/4 turn counter-clockwise) to unlock and remove the intake air temperature sensor from the factory plastic throttle body coupler.