43467-016: Madhya Pradesh Energy

Initial Environmental Examination

Project Number: 43467-016 April 2020

IND: Madhya Pradesh Energy Efficiency Improvement Investment Program - Tranche 2

Submitted by:

Madhya Pradesh Poorv Kshetra Vidyut Vitaran Co. Ltd. (DISCOM-E), Jabalpur

This initial environmental examination report is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. This report is an updated version of the IEE report posted in September 2011 available on https://www.adb.org/projects/documents/madhya-pradesh-energy-efficiency-improvement-investment- program-tranche-2-draft. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area.

From: PD FS Sent: Monday, April 6, 2020 8:55:27 AM To: Jyotirmoy Banerjee Subject: Fwd: Regarding revised IEE reports for loan no. 2764, 2830 and 3066

Dear Sir

The IEE reports are revised by the appointed consultant as suggested by the ADB Environment team.

It is requested to approve the same.

CGM(RP)

Initial Environmental Examination

Loan no 2830 April, 2020

IND: Madhya Pradesh Energy Efficiency Improvement Investment Program-Trench 2

Submitted by: Madhya Pradesh Poorv Kshetra Vidyut Vitaran Co. Ltd. (DISCOM-E), Jabalpur

Prepared by Enviro Infra Solutions Pvt Ltd. Ghaziabad

This report has been submitted to ADB by the Madhya Pradesh Poorv Kshetra Vidyut Vitaran Co. Ltd. (DISCOM-E), Jabalpur and is made publicly available in accordance with ADB’s Public Communications Policy (2011). It does not necessarily reflect the views of ADB.

This updated initial environment examination report is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

S.No Content Page nos.

1.0 INTRODUCTION 1

1.1 Overview of the project 3 1.1.1 Impact and Outcome 5 1.1.2 Outputs 5 1.1.3 Financing Plan and Implementation Arrangement 6 1.2. The Need for an Initial Environmental Examination 6 1.2.1. National Requirements 6 1.2.2. Requirements of Asian Development Bank 7 1.2.3 Objectives of the IEE 7 1.2.4 7 Scope and Methodology 1.3 Structure of the Updated Report 8

2.0 POLICY, LEGAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK 10 2.1 ADB Safeguard Policy Statement 2009 10 2.2 Applicable National and State Legislation 11 2.3 11 National and State Environmental Assessment Requirements 2.4 Applicable International Environmental Agreements 16 2.5 16 Other Applicable Laws and Policies 3.0 PROJECT DESCRIPTION 17 3.1 Introduction 17 3.2 Objective & Benefits 17

3.3 Updated Scope of Work 18

3.4 Project Location and component 20 3.5 Need for Project 27 3.6 Implementation Schedule 29 3.7 Sub -station Land Area Effect of Changed Scope 30

4.0 DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT 31 4.0 Physical Resources 31 4.0.1 Topography, Geology and Soil 31 4.0.2 Meteorology and Climate 32 4.0.3 Air Quality and Noise 32 4.0.4 Natural Hazards 35 4.0.5 Water Resources 37 4.1 Aquatic Ecology 49 4.2 Socio economic Profile 49 4.2.1 Industries 50 4.2.2 Employment 50

4.2.3 Water Supply 50 4.2.4 Transportation 52 4.2.5 Land Use 52

4.2.6 Power Supply 53

4.2.7 Type of Fuel Used for Cooking 53 4.2.8 Agriculture 53 4.2.9 Mineral Resources 54 4.3 Social and Cultural Development 54 56 5.0 ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVE 59 6.0 ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT AND MITIGATION MEASURES 6.1 Introduction 59 6.2 Prepare Construction Management Plan 61 6.3 Hiring of Project Staff and Workers 61

6.4 Orientation for EPC Contractor(s) And Workers 62 6.4.1 Presence of Workers At Construction Sites 62 6.4.2 Site Preparation and Construction of Substations 62

6.5 Operation Phase 65 6.5.1 Presence of Distribution Poles And Substations 65 6.5.2 Management of Mineral Oil For Transformers & Discarded Batteries 66

7.0 PUBLIC CONSULTATION AND INFORMATION DISCLOUSERS 68 8.0 GRIEVANCE REDRESS MECHANISM 72

9.0 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN 75

9.1 Mitigation Measures 75

9.2 Environmental Monitoring 75

9.3 Implementation Arrangements 75

10.0 FIELD BASED ENVIRONMENTAL DUE DILIGENCE 86

11.0 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION 96

PAGE NO. LIST OF TABLES Table No.

Table 1.1 Financing Plan of DISCOM – East 6 Table 2.1 Comparison of Environmental Requirements of ADB and GoI 13 Table 3.1 Summary of Updated Scope of Work of DISCOM-East 19 Table 3.2 Project Components in Loan no 2830 21 Table 3.3 Project Implementation Schedule 30 Table 4.1 Ambient Air Quality Parameter levels in Madhya Pradesh State 33 (Annual Average Concentration in µg/m3, 2006) Table 4.2 Ambient Air Quality Monitoring of Project Area 34 Table 4.3 Noise Level Monitoring of Project Area 34 Table 4.4 Calamity Events in Madhya Pradesh (1991-2007) 37 Table 4.5 Surface Water Quality Monitoring of Project Area 38 Table 4.6 Ground Water Quality Monitoring of Project Area 40 Table 4.7 Basin Wise Water Resources and Availability 44 Table 4.8 Comparison of State Forest Cover with National Forest Cover 46 Table 4.9 National Park and Sanctuaries in Western Madhya Pradesh 47 Table 4.10 Distribution of Workers in Madhya Pradesh 50 Table 4.11 Sources of Drinking Water 51 Table 4.12 Land Use Pattern in Madhya Pradesh 53 Table 4.13 Type of Fuel Used for Cooking 53 Table 5.1 With Project and without Project Scenario 57 Table 6.1 Summary of 11 KV Feeders of Total Project Area 60 Table 6.2 Exposure to electric & magnetic field (EMF) from overhead 66 transmission lines Table 7.1 Summary of Public Consultation 68 Table 7.2 Public Consultation Plan during Implementation 70 Table 9.1 Environmental Management Plan 77 Table 9.2 Environmental Monitoring Plan 83

Table 10.1 Status of Environmental Regulatory Requirements 87

Table 10.2 EMP Compliances Status of Project 90

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1.1 MP-DISCOM Jurisdiction 3 Figure 1.2 Indicative Project Implementation Arrangements 6 Figure 2.1 Environmental Clearance Process in India 12 Figure 3.1 3/11 KVA substation: Baretha, 11KV feeder: Baretha in district 21 Narsinghpur Figure 3.2 33/11 KVA substation: Ahar, 11KV feeder: Ahar in district 22 Chhindwara Figure 3.3 33/11 KV substation:- Diwari, Feeder:-Shikara in district Seoni 22 Figure 3.4 33/11 KVA substation: Kesli, 11KV feeder: Sahajpur in district Rehli 23 Banda Figure 3.5 33/11 KVA substation: Tejgarh, 11KV feeder: Tejgarh in district 23 Damoh

Figure 3.6 33/11 KVA substation: Amanganj, 11KV feeder: Kamtana in district 24 Panna Figure 3.7 33/11 KVA substation: Badagaon, 11KV feeder: Samarra in district 24 Tikamgarh Figure 4.1 Seismic Regions of India 36 Figure 4.2 Groundwater Quality of MP 43 Figure 4.3 Hazard and Seismic Zone Map (Madhya Pradesh and India) 44 Figure 4.4 Map of Forest Cover in Madhya Pradesh 46 Figure 4.5 Map of National Parks and Sanctuaries in Western Madhya Pradesh 48 Figure 4.6 Access to Safe Drinking Water 51 Figure 8.1 Processes for Grievance Redress Mechanism in the DISCOM-East 73

S.No. LIST OF APPENDIX Appendix I REA Checklist of Subprojects Appendix II List of Acts, Rules and Notifications, India as Applicable to the Project

Appendix III Applicable Environmental Policies and Procedures Appendix IV Detailed Updated Scope of Work of DISCOM-East Appendix V Photographs of Progress of Sub-stations Appendix VI Photographs of Public Consultation Appendix VII Sample Attendance Sheet of Public Consultation Appendix VIII GRC Formation Circular of DISCOM-East

CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS (As of 1 December 2019) Currency Unit – Indian Rupee (Rs) $1.00 = Rs 70.92

Abbreviations

ADB – Asian Development Bank DISCOM-E – Distribution Company- East EA – Executing Agency EIA – Environmental Impact Assessment EMP – Environmental Management Plan GOMP – Government of Madhya Pradesh GoI – Government of India GIS – Geographic Information System GRM – Grievance Redress Mechanism HVDS – High-Voltage Distribution System IEE - Initial Environmental Examination LV – Low Voltage MPPCB – MP Pollution Control Board MFF – Multitranche Financing Facility MOEF – Ministry of Environment and Forests MP – Madhya Pradesh MP TRADECO – Madhya Pradesh Power Trading Company Limited MPERC – Madhya Pradesh Electricity Regulatory Commission MPPSIP – Madhya Pradesh Power Sector Investment Program MPSEB – Madhya Pradesh State Electricity Board MPPTCL – Madhya Pradesh Power Transmission Company Limited MV – Medium Voltage PMU – Project Management Unit ROW – Right of Way VCB – Vacuum Circuit Breaker

Weights and Measures ha (hectare) – 10,000 sq. m km (kilometre) – 1,000 m kV – Kilovolt (1,000 volt) kWh – Kilowatt-hour mG – milliGauss MVA – Megavolt-Ampere MW – Mega Watt ºC – degree Celsius

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

1. Introduction

1. An adequate, better-quality supply of electric power in rural Madhya Pradesh, where 70% of the population lives, would spur economic growth and development. In order to ensure a good quality, 24-hour supply of power to rural households, the Government of Madhya Pradesh (GOMP) has been undertaking a distribution improvement program (feeder separation program) with an approximate cost of $400.00 million. The investment program includes separate feeders for households and irrigation water pumps, provide new connections, installation of meters and asset mapping of the created network.

2. M.P. Poorv Kshetra Vidyut Vitran Company Limited (MPPKVVCL) Jabalpur, incorporated under the Companies Act, 1956, having its Registered Office at 11th block, basement, Shakti Bhawan, Rampur, Jabalpur (MP), with the concurrence of Government of Madhya Pradesh, launched projects for “Energy Efficiency Improvement Investment Program‟ in its project/ subproject area, the investment program covers 8 districts of Madhya Pradesh Poorv Kshetra Vidyut Vitaran Company (DISCOM-E).

3. The Feeder Separation Project was a continuation of the on-going distribution improvements and it has enabled 24 reaping the full benefits of power sector reforms undertaken with the help of ADB program loan (2830-IND Tranche-2) that created an enabling policy framework. Government of Madhya Pradesh (GoMP) launched Feeder Separation Programme (FSP) (hereinafter referred as FSP Project) to separate domestic load from agricultural load in rural areas. The Energy Department, GoMP, conveyed in principle sanction in April 2010 and decided in May 2010 to implement the programme in two phases. The main objective of the programme were

(i) To provide continuous 24 hours power supply to households and continuous 10 hours power supply to agriculture pumps in rural areas and (ii) To reduce the T&D losses of the distribution system in the rural areas.

4. The ADB-approved IEE report, September 2011 covers the scope of works being implemented by three EAs such as DISCOM-E, DISCOM-C and DISCOM-W under loan 2830-IND. During the course of progress of the works & survey carried out, updated IEE report is being prepared pertaining to the actual executed scope of works

(given in table no.3.1 of Chapter 3) under DISCOM-East. .

2. Policy, Legal and Administrative Framework 5. ADB requires the consideration of environmental issues in all aspects of its operations, and the requirements for environmental assessment are described in its Safeguard Policy Statement 2009 (SPS 2009). This states that ADB requires environmental assessment of all project loans, program loans, sector loans, sector development program loans, and loans involving financial intermediaries, and private sector loans.

6. Screening and Categorization: The nature of the environmental assessment required for a project depends on the significance of its environmental impacts, which are related to the type and location of the project, the sensitivity, scale, nature and magnitude of its potential impacts, and the availability of cost-effective mitigation measures. Projects are screened for their expected environmental impacts and are assigned to one of the following four categories:

(i) Category A. Projects could have significant adverse environmental impacts. An EIA is required to address significant impacts. (ii) Category B. Projects could have some adverse environmental impacts, but of lesser degree or significance than those in category A. An IEE is required to determine whether significant environmental impacts warranting an EIA are likely. If an EIA is not needed, the IEE is regarded as the final environmental assessment report. (iii) Category C. Projects are unlikely to have adverse environmental impacts. No EIA or IEE is required, although environmental implications are reviewed. (iv) Category FI. Projects involve a credit line through a financial intermediary or an equity investment in a financial intermediary. The financial intermediary must apply an environmental management system, unless all Projects will result in insignificant impacts.

7. In MP, the central Government constituted the State Level Environment Impact Assessment Authority (SEIAA) in the pursuance of the GoI notification on 1533 (1) dated 14 September 2006. The SEIAA, MP bases its decision on the recommendations of the State Level Expert Appraisal Committee (SEAC) also constituted for MP as per the order. Table E.1 presents a comparison of the environmental requirements of ADB and GoI.

Table E.1: Comparison of Environmental Requirements of ADB and GoI Project Stage ADB GoI Gaps • Uses sector- EIA Notification • As per the Indian specific rapid (2006; 2009) set regulations, the environmental screening criteria to environment impact Screening and assessment checklist classify new and assessment (EIA) Categorization for screening assigns expansion projects is mandatory for categories based on based on potential eight types of potential impacts: environmental project activities impacts as follows: including mining, • A - EIA required Category A, B1 power generation, (irreversible, diverse or and/or B2. primary processing, unprecedented adverse • The category materials production environmental impacts) determines the level and processing, • B - IEE required of environmental specific • C - no environmental assessment. manufacturing and assessment required but services sectors, a review of infrastructure and environmental construction. Under implications is required each category, the FI - ESMS required threshold limits are specified when it is mandatory to conduct an EIA. • Power Distribution (and distribution) projects are not listed as E environmental sensitive projects.

Identify potential impacts Category A - • Power Distribution on physical, biological, Require Prior (and distribution) Environmental physical cultural resources, Environmental projects are not Assessment and socioeconomic Clearance (EC) from listed as aspects in the context of Central Government in environmental project's area of influence the MoEFCC through sensitive projects. (i.e., primary project site recommendation of • In such cases, and facilities, and Environmental however, to comply associated facilities) Appraisal Committee with the SPS (EAC). (2009), and environmental Category B – assessment needs • Category B 1 to be carried out. projects require prior Environmental Clearance from State Environmental Impact Assessment

Project Stage ADB GoI Gaps Authority (SEIAA) through recommendations of State Environmental Appraisal Committee (SEAC), Category B2 – • Does not require EIA, goes directly to Appraisal stage. For projects with potential • Compares feasible • Under the National significant impacts (i.e., alternatives to the Law, Distribution Category A) proposed projects projects have the • Examine alternatives to site, technology, “right of way” the project's location, design and • In such cases, design, and technology operation including however, to comply • Document rationale for the “without project” with the SPS selecting the particular situation in terms of (2009), and project location, design, their potential analysis of Analysis of environmental Alternatives and technology alternatives needs • Consider "no project" impacts, the to be carried out. alternative feasibility of mitigating these impacts, their capital and recurrent costs, their suitability under local Conditions and abatement. • Starts early and • Public consultation • There are no major continues during required to be gaps. However, implementation undertaken through the public • Undertaken in an public notice prior consultation starts atmosphere free of to the approval by at a later stage in intimidation the MoEFCC only the project cycle. Meaningful • Gender inclusive and for Category B1 and Consultation responsive A projects. • Tailored to the needs of • Starts at a later vulnerable groups stage in the project • Allows for the cycle incorporation of all relevant views of stakeholders ADB will post in its • Information • No major gaps Information website the following: disclosure required Disclosure • Draft EIA report posted to be undertaken on ADB website at least through public 120 days prior to Board notice prior to the consideration approval by the MoEFCC only for

• Draft EA/EARF prior to Category B1 and A appraisal projects. • Final or updated EIA/IEE upon receipt • Environmental monitoring report submitted by borrowers upon receipt • Establish a mechanism • Grievance redress • Major gap. Grievance to receive and facilitate mechanism is not • To comply with the Redress resolution of grievances mentioned in the SPS 2009, a Mechanism or complaints regulations mechanism for redressal will be set up. • Refers to Environmental • The Environment • The limiting value of Health and Safety (Protection) Rules, some pollutants Guidelines (EHS) 2007 1986 specified in the • If national regulations • Various legislations Indian regulatory differ, more stringent addressing aspects standards maybe will be followed such as air and different than those • water pollution, specified in EHS Use of If less stringent levels hazardous 2007 guidelines and Environmental are appropriate in view substance hence some gaps in Standards of specific project circumstances, provide management, etc. certain situations. full and detailed • Occupational health justification and safety standards included in the Factories Act (India) and various India specific Labor Laws • Prepare monitoring • Post environmental • .No major gaps reports on the progress of clearance (EC) EMP monitoring is • Retain qualified and stipulated by the experienced external regulations, with half experts or NGOs to verify yearly compliance monitoring information for reports to be made Monitoring Category A projects available as public and Reporting • Prepare and implement documents. corrective action plan if • Latest report non-compliance is displayed on website identified of regulatory • Requires submission of authority quarterly, semiannual, and annual reports to ADB for review

3. Project Description 8. The main scope of work consisted major works like (i) feeder separation that will separate power supply lines to irrigation pumps and households; and (ii) supply quality improvement & metering, in Circles/Districts in Jabalpur of East DISCOM of MP. The project comprises subprojects under the following components: The main scopes of the scheme are: o Component-1- Feeder Separation comprising construction of new 11 KV lines and rehabilitation and upgrades of existing 11 KV lines, so as to separate power supply to irrigation pumps & households. o Components-2- conversion of bare conductor LV lines to aerial bundled cables. o Component-3- Supply of Quality Improvement & Metering comprising mapping of distribution assets, installation of meters. o Component-4- Upstream 33 KV Network Strengthening comprising construction of new 33 kV line on H beam (152x152 mm), 33 kV DP on H beam (152x152 mm), 33 kV line on PCC pole with Dog conductor, 33 kV DP structure on PCC pole, 33 kV bay at EHV substations & 33 KV Line ( No of feeders).

4. Environmental Requirements

9. The Safeguard Policy Statement 2009 (SPS 2009) of ADB sets out the requirements for environmental safeguard that applies to all ADB-financed projects. As per Under the SPS 2009, the project classification continues to be is classified as category B on environment requiring the updating of ADB approved initial environmental examination (IEE) report.

10. The Ministry of Environment and Forests (MoEFCC), GoI, in its notification in September 2006, has exempted Distribution & distribution projects from environmental clearances due to the non-polluting nature of its activities. However, forest clearances under the Forest Conservation Act 1980 will be necessary in the event that Distribution / distribution line passes through forest areas, if any.

5. Analysis of Alternatives

11. During the planning stage and preliminary design, alternatives were considered in the selection of the substation sites and distribution line routes to ensure that they are economically and financially feasible, at the same time, potential environmental impacts are minimized. Similar to MP DISCOM-East IEE Updation, the following selection criteria guided the:

a. Availability of a suitable right of way (ROW) and access to site by overhead distribution circuits; b. Location of existing distribution lines for potential interconnection;

c. Distance to all weather roads, accessibility of heavy equipment under all weather conditions and access roads to the site; d. Site maintenance requirements, water supply and storage;

e. Soil resistivity, drainage, and soil conditions;

f. Cost of earth removal, earth conditions and earth moving;

g. Atmospheric conditions and potential contamination from industry;

h. Available space for future expansion and current requirements;

i. Land ownership, avoidance of private land acquisition;

j. Topographical features of the site, avoidance of flood plains, wetlands, forests and other environment-sensitive areas; k. Consideration of public safety and concern, avoidance of schools, playgrounds, hospitals, and structures of worship; l. Avoidance of waterways and existing utilities, railway, road crossings, etc.; and,

m. Total costs including Distribution and distribution lines with due consideration of environmental factors. 12. A questionnaire/checklist with 17 questions following the criteria above is used during site planning and updation of IEE report. Preliminary site assessments conducted by the combined DISCOMs are based on the interpretation of available relevant maps of the area (i.e., topographic maps, vegetation maps, land use, etc.) aided by existing satellite images, aerial photos, location of permanent wetlands, and other environmentally- sensitive areas, and walk-over survey. Some considerations include the following:

a. Whether any Nallah, water tank, canal, etc. is within the proximity of the proposed land should be clearly mentioned. In case of the existence of the above, the extent of water spread during maximum flood level should be indicated.” b. “In the execution planning map, give the orientation of the Distribution lines (existing or proposed) and the distance of lines from the proposed site.”

6. Anticipated Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures

13. The Ministry of Environment and Forests (MoEFCC) of GoI, in its notification in September 2006, has exempted Distribution projects from environmental clearances

due to the non-polluting nature of its activities. However, forest clearance under the Forest Conservation Act 1980 will be necessary in the event of Distribution line, if any passes through the forest areas.

14. One of the factors considered in selecting the best and optimum substation site and associated distribution line route is avoidance of potential significant environmental impacts. In power Distribution projects, potential environmental impacts are confined in the right of way (ROW) while for substations, they are site specific.

15. Appropriate survey methods and good engineering practice have been used to select the best alignment but residual impacts associated with the project cannot be entirely avoided resulting from varying topographical locations that will be traversed by interconnecting distribution lines. An environmental management plan (EMP) and an environmental monitoring plan (EMoP) will help ensure that these residual impacts are mitigated and/or enhanced. The detailed description has been provided in Chapter 6.

7. Public consultation and information disclosures

16. Public consultations were conducted in semi-urban and rural areas with people living in the project-affected area in the month of December, 2019 whiel updation of ADB approved IEE reports. Various stakeholders such as DISCOM officials, relevant land departments and the block development officer of the project area were present during the consultations. Concerns of local people were common and it includes: (i) load shedding and lack of reliable and stable supply of power affecting their produce and livelihood, and (ii) timely compensation to farmers affected during feeder separation project. Local people are aware of the proposed project and are generally supportive due to expected long-term benefit of reliable and stable supply of power.

17. This updated IEE report will be posted on the ADB website as required by SPS 2009 and Public Communications Policy. A project factsheet or a frequently asked questions flyer in Hindi will be made available at the EAs field offices. Aside from this public disclosure requirement, the Right to Information Act 2005 of GoI also provides for additional obligation for the EAs to provide information about the project.

8. Grievance Redress Mechanism 18. A grievance redress mechanism had established by the PMU-DISCOM-East to EA to deal with complaint(s) from affected persons (APs) during implementation. APs can seek redress of their grievance at three levels: (i) the PMU at concerning EA, (ii) the grievance redress committee (GRC), and (iii) the appropriate courts of law. GRC is set up by the

PMU in concerning EA as soon as the project commences and doing function as such from construction to operation. The PMU in concerning EA is ensures the representation of women on the members of GRC which consist of representatives from the local Panchayat Head, a District Revenue Commissioner, representative from the EPC Contractor(s) only during construction phase, designated staff of EA on safeguards, Manager/Director of EA, and a witness of the complainant/affected person.

9. Environmental Management Plan

19. The mitigation measures for the corresponding environmental impacts identified are presented in Table E.2. There is no change in ADB approved Environmental Management Plan (EMP) and same has been followed by the contractors while executing the works. 20. During the construction stage, environmental monitoring will be a half yearly process to ensure that non-compliance to the EMP by the EPC Contractor(s) if any will be avoided and/or immediately addressed. The results of monitoring will be submitted to ADB twice a year during construction and annually during operation as required by SPS 2009. Baseline data for environmental parameters such as air and noise are not available but will be carried out and recorded by contractor before commencement of civil works.

21. Monitoring and maintenance of the power Distribution system during operation ensure the integrity and safety of the structures and components, thus, minimizing safety risks to the public and damage to properties. Table E.3 gives a summary of the environmental monitoring plan.

TABLE E.2: Environmental Management Plan

Environmental Description of Component Potential Project Likely to be Mitigation/Enhancement Estimated Responsible Environmental Activity Affected Measures Cost Unit Impact Planning and Pre-Construction Stage Preparation of • Land and • Loss of • Use of 13 criteria for site selection Included in MP-DISCOM- feasibility vegetation agricultural land which include environmental the Project E, District study and and crops factors to minimize potential Costs Commissioner detailed • Loss of habitat impacts Associated Office project report and vegetation • Use of 17-question costs of (DPR) clearing checklist/questionnaire in land • Feeder • Land acquisition evaluating substation sites which transfers Separation • Increase in soil aim at avoidance of land from the comprising erosion and acquisition and environmental Government construction impact to soil impacts will be of new 11 productivity • No land acquisition required but borne by KV lines and transfers of ownership from the DISCOM-E rehabilitation government to DISCOM-East and • Feeder Separation comprising upgrades of construction of new 11 KV lines existing 11 and rehabilitation and upgrades of KV lines existing 11 KV lines will not have • Extension of impact on environment & away 210 nos. of from traverse forest, sanctuary, or 11 kV bay in protected areas. existing • Use of mineral oil such as duralife 33/11 kV Transformer Oil for transformers substation (generally occurs in operation • 7229 km. 11 phase) kV line on • Use of air insulated substations to 140 kg, 8 m avoid fugitive emissions of SF6 (a PCC pole potent GHG gas) with DP • 6620 nos. of 25 kVA, 11/0.433 kV, 3-phase distribution transformer substation with metering • 91 km of LV line 3-phase 5-wire overhead using AB cable XLPE 50 sqmm/25 SQ MM on PCC pole 140 kg, 8 m • Replacement of

AAAC/ACSR • People • Physical conductor by displacement of AB cable people and XLPE 50 structures sqmm / 25 Sq • Economic loss to mm / 16 sq people mm on • Disturbance and existing 3- inconvenience to phase LV line people due to for 4383km traffic, increased • Providing noise and dust 105027 levels, vibration meters for • Interference to new & existing utilities existing • Water • Interference to connections local drainage with • Water quality renovation of impacts due to service lines erosion and/or (includes sedimentation 10% of the • Air • Increase dust existing and noise levels, consumers & and vibration new • connections) Emissions from heavy equipment • Choice of machinery and equipment construction and vehicles technology Construction Stage Orientation for • People • Awareness of • Conduct briefing of EPC Included in EPC contractor and workers on the Contractor(s) on EMP, records the costs of Contractor(s), workers environmental management, and reporting EPC PMUs of requirements and • Identify critical areas to be Contractor DISCOM-E their monitored and the required (s) Environmental responsibility. mitigation measures staff/consultant • Understanding of • Create awareness of sexually- in PMU EPC transmitted diseases such as Contractor(s) of HIV/AIDs their responsibility in implementing the EMP Prepare People • Avoid effects of • Temporary pedestrian and traffic Included in EPC construction EPC management plan Community and the costs of Contractor(s), management Contractor(s) safety plan EPC PMUs of work plan unplanned Contractor DISCOM-E Land • Spoils disposal plan activities (s ) Air • Smooth work • Noise and dust control plan Environmental Water implementation • Drainage and storm staff/consultant water management plan in PMU Waste • Materials management plan Construction waste management plan Hiring of • People • Conflict due to • EPC Contractor(s) will be required ---- EPC project staff potential to use local labour for manual Contractor(s), and workers workers‟ work and eligible local workforce PMUs of migration for clerical and office jobs DISCOM-E • Lack of local Environmental support to the staff / project consultant in • Dispute over PMU transparency of hiring

Environme ntal Description of Project Compone Potential Mitigation/Enhancement Estimated Responsible Activity nt Likely Environmental Measures Cost Unit to be Impact Affected Presence of • People • Increase in • None required ------workers at demand for construction services such sites as food, temporary housing, etc. • Create opportunities for small-scale business to provide services such as food, temporary housing, etc. • Site • People • Feeder • Construction management plan Included in EPC preparation, Separation will be strictly implemented the costs of Contractor(s), vegetation comprising • Use of proper safety EPC PMUs of and land construction of clothes/equipment in dismantling Contractor( DISCOM-E clearing for new 33/11 KV structure(s) and equipment s ) feeder substation, 11 • Debris/dismantled Environmental separation KV lines and structures/equipment will be staff / line right-of- rehabilitation disposed of in designated landfill consultant in way (ROW) and upgrades of and/or controlled dumpsites PMU existing 11 KV • Usable scrap materials from • Installation lines dismantling will be stored in of new warehouses of DISCOM-E in distribution Jabalpur for resale/auction transformer s and conversion of bare conductor LV lines to aerial bundled cables • Supply of Quality Improveme nt & Metering comprising mapping of distribution assets & associated global positioned system

Environme ntal Description of Project Compone Potential Mitigation/Enhancement Estimated Responsible Activity nt Likely Environmental Measures Cost Unit to be Impact Affected (GPS) surveys, • Potential • Provide fence or barricade (as installation of safety risks to appropriate), sufficient lights, clear meters, community warning signs and danger signals, network and take all precautions identified management in the community and safety plan improvement • Assign security personnel to of systems at prevent accidents, trespassing, 11 KV and pilferage • EPC Contractor(s) to direct drivers to strictly follow road regulations • Interference • Danger and clearly visible warning with road signs will be posted at designated crossings sites • Scaffoldings will be placed over road crossing points • Construction vehicles to strictly follow road regulations • Implement temporary pedestrian and traffic management plan

• Potential health • Provide sanitary facilities and and safety risks wash areas to workers • Provide safe drinking water and garbage bins • Enforce good housekeeping at all times • Provide workers with hard hat, safety shoes and belts • Coordinate with nearest hospital for arrangements in case of accidents • Assign nurse or medical staff to make weekly rounds at substation sites • Set up first aid treatment within construction sites and field office • Observance and compliance with relevant safety measures required by law and best engineering practices • Provide communication devices to designated workers • Land and • Erosion and • Compensation for temporary vegeta localized damages to crops/plants along the tion flooding (e.g., ROW and substations installation 11 • Cut trees owned by the KV DP on four government will be sold and pole structure) revenue turned over to Revenue • Loss of habitat Authority and some • Only minimal vegetation will be mature trees of cleared since most of the economic value subprojects sites are such as teak grassland/shrub land (e.g.) (e.g. Installation • Landscaping/replanting of trees at 11 KV DP on new subs-stations will be done four pole after completion of construction structure) works

Environme ntal Description of Project Compone Potential Mitigation/Enhancement Estimated Responsible Activity nt Likely Environmental Measures Cost Unit to be Impact Affected erosion-control measures will be provided (as needed) • Implement spoils disposal plan and construction waste management plan • Water • Generation • Avoidance of waterways in site of sewage selection from construction • Provide sanitary facilities to workers workers and safe drinking water • Localized • Construction works will done flooding during summer in areas potential • Increase turbidity for erosion and localized flooding in • Implement drainage and storm • surface water management plan water near • Waterways were avoided in construction selecting subproject sites sites • Air • Heavy • Construction vehicles will be equipment and maintained to minimize vehicular construction emissions vehicles may • Enclose construction sites increase temporarily to contain dust vehicular dispersion emissions • Warehouse for construction • Transport of materials onsite will be provided to construction reduce trips of material delivery materials to • EPC Contractor(s) will be required constructions to maintain construction vehicles sites may and heavy equipment machineries increase dust regularly to reduce emissions level • Opened land areas or sources of • Earthmoving dust will be sprayed with water (as works, needed) excavations, • Observance of low speed by and opened vehicles to reduce noise land areas for • Noise-generating works will be substations and done between 7AM and 7PM poles may done at daytime as required by increase dust EPA act 1986 & amendments. levels • Construction sites will be covered • Increase in with acoustic screens and noise level and machineries will be temporarily vibration from enclosed to control noise (MPPCB excavation and guidelines, February 2013) heavy • Require EPC Contractor(s) to equipment and maintain and tune-up construction construction vehicles to reduce noise and no vehicles blowing of horns • Observe/comply with traffic management plan Operation and Maintenance Stage Use of mineral • Land • Accidental • Provision of oil-water separator Included in MP-DISCOM- oil for • Water spillage that • Provide for oil containment the O & M E transformers would structure costs of contaminate Project land and water

Environme ntal Description of Project Compone Potential Mitigation/Enhancement Estimated Responsible Activity nt Likely Environmental Measures Cost Unit to be Impact Affected • People • Occupational • Acceptance of mineral oil should be health risks to accompanied with Material workers due to • Data Safety Sheets and/or be exposure certified that it is PCB-free • Fire extinguishers readily available in storage areas for mineral oil

Presence of • Land • Depreciation of • Availability of stable and reliable ------installation land property power will trigger economic transformers values adjacent development in the area & 11 KV DP to substations on four pole and power structure and Distribution feeder poles separation • People • Hazards such • Provide security and inspection Included in MP -DISCOM- lines as personnel to avoid pilferage and the O & M E electrocution vandalism of equipment and lines costs of , lightning • Appropriate grounding and Project strike, etc. due deactivation of live power lines to during maintenance work accidental • Designed with protection system failure of power that shuts off during power Distribution and overload or similar emergencies distribution lines • Maintain and comply with electrical standards • Distribution lines entering and leaving the substations are insulated (or covered) to minimize impacts • Regular monitoring and maintenance to ensure safety and integrity of power lines and substations • Conduct information and education campaign to local people to enhance awareness on safety practices of living near substations • Accident • Implement safety plan to reduce Included in MP-DISCOM- working in risks the O & M E elevated • Provision of safety belts and other costs of position working gears for protection Project • Potential • EMF levels expected to be way Included in MP-DISCOM- exposure to below the limits set by the O & M E electric and International Commission on costs of magnetic fields Non-Ionizing Radiation Project (EMF) Protection(ICNRP) which is 4.17 • Generation of kV/m for electric field and 833 employment mG for magnetic field • Spot measurements of EMF • Substations will be fenced and security staff assigned to prevent unauthorized public access • Information and education campaign will be conducted to local people to create awareness on safety practices

Environme ntal Description of Project Compone Potential Mitigation/Enhancement Estimated Responsible Activity nt Likely Environmental Measures Cost Unit to be Impact Affected • Noise • Disturbance to • More than 80 positions will be Included in MP-DISCOM- settlements created during the operation the O & M E near the • Periodic maintenance of costs of substations equipment such as transformers Project and capacitors to minimize noise generation • Provide enclosure of noise- generating equipment • Monitor ambient noise levels

Table- E.3: Environmental Monitoring Plan

Responsibility Project Parameter/ Location Method of Measurement Frequency (Implementation Stage Indicator and Supervision) Guaranteed 33/11 KV Machinery and equipment Once PMUs of MP noise level of substation specifications – DISCOM-E equipment and compliance to ambient machineries noise levels

Soil quality feeder Sampling and chemical Once PMUs of MP separation 11 analysis DISCOM-E KV & LV lines

Quality of 11 KV DP & Material Safety Data Once PMUs of MP transformer Transformers Sheet – compliance to DISCOM-E oil IS:1866 Loss of 33/11 KV Ocular inspection, Once PMUs of MP terrestrial and substation, transect survey DISCOM-E aquatic feeder habitat separation 11 KV & LV lines Pre- Construction and Planning Proximity to 33/11 KV Ocular inspection, maps Once PMUs of MP water substation, DISCOM-E resources feeder separation 11 KV & LV lines Routes of 33/11 KV Ocular survey/observation, Quarterly to PMUs of MP migratory substation, secondary data capture DISCOM-E birds feeder seasonal separation 11 variations KV & LV lines Local 33/11 KV Number of local workers Monthly PMUs of MP recruitment of substation, and staff recruited DISCOM-E; EPC workers and feeder Contractor(s) staff separation 11 KV & LV lines Construction Orientation of 33/11 KV Number of participants Once before PMUs of MP Contractor(s) substation, construction, DISCOM-E; EPC and workers Contractor(s)

Responsibility Project Parameter/ Location Method of Measurement Frequency (Implementation Stage Indicator and Supervision) on issues like separation 11 HIV/AIDS, KV & LV lines compliance to EMP, etc. Spraying of Road Ocular inspection/spot • Weekly at PMUs of MP water to easements checks road DISCOM-E; EPC opened land affected by easements Contractor(s) areas before delivery of (or as movement of equipment and needed) construction construction • Every day vehicles material; at distribution substation poles (if sites during needed); dry season stringing of conductors Solid waste Workers‟ camps, Ocular inspection/spot Every week PMUs of MP management stringing of checks DISCOM-E; EPC conductors, Contractor(s) distribution poles Danger and Road Ocular inspection/spot Once a PMUs of MP warning signs easements checks month DISCOM-E; EPC for safety of affected by Contractor(s) workers and delivery of the public equipment and construction material; distribution poles; stringing of conductors Announcement Road easement Work schedule log sheet As needed PMUs of MP to the public of affected by DISCOM-E; EPC works interconnections Contractor(s) schedule of distribution lines, poles, and stringing of conductors

Erosion control 33/11 KV Ocular inspection Once a PMUs of MP measures substation, month DISCOM-E; EPC such as silt feeder Contractor(s) traps separation 11 KV & LV lines Smoke 33/11 KV Ocular inspection/spot Weekly EPC Contractor(s), belching substation, checking Environmental Staff construction feeder of MP DISCOM- vehicles separation 11 East-PMU KV & LV lines

Housekeeping 33/11 KV Ocular checks Weekly PMUs of substation, inspection/spot DISCOM-E; feeder Contractor(s) separation 11 MP EPC KV & LV lines & worker camps

Failure of Along the Maintenance log sheet Monthly MP DISCOM-E Distribution alignment poles and/or distribution lines Ambient Air 33/11 KV Monitoring through MoEF As needed PMUs of MP Quality substation ( approved Environmental DISCOM-E; EPC Monitoring Major Areas) Laboratories Contractor(s) Occupational 33/11 KV Number of accidents Semi- MP DISCOM-E health, and substation, and/or injuries annually safety feeder separation 11 KV & LV lines Tree planting, 33/11 KV Ocular inspection Quarterly MP DISCOM-E maintenance substation, of green feeder landscape separation 11 KV & LV lines Housekeeping 33/11 KV Spot checks Monthly MP DISCOM-E substation, feeder separation 11 KV & LV lines Operation Collection of 33/11 KV O & M log sheet Quarterly MP DISCOM-E waste (i.e., oil, substation, garbage, etc.) feeder separation 11 KV & LV lines Bird collision / Along the Spot checks/observations Monthly MP DISCOM-E electrocution feeder separation poles and distribution alignment Pilferage of Along feeder Ocular inspection; O&M Quarterly MP DISCOM-E cables separation log sheet (security poles and operations) distribution lines

CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

1. The Government of Madhya Pradesh (GOMP) has restructured the Madhya Pradesh State Electricity Board (MPSEB) on 31 May 2005 by virtue of Notification 226. As a result, five independent companies were formed which includes one generation company, one transmission company and three distribution companies. The five independent companies are as follows:

• Generation company - Madhya Pradesh Power Generating Co. Ltd. (MPPGCL) • Transmission company - Madhya Pradesh Power Transmission Company Ltd. (MPPTCL)

• Distribution companies - Madhya Pradesh Poorv Kshetra Vidyut Vitran Company, (MPPKVVCL) in Jabalpur; Madhya Pradesh Madhya Kshetra Vidyut Vitran Company (MPMKVVCL) in Bhopal; and Madhya Pradesh Pachim Kshetra Vidyut Vitran Company (MPPKVVCL) in Indore.

2. The residual MPSEB purchases electricity from generating companies and supplied electricity in bulk to the three DISCOMs of the State. However, as provided for by the electricity reforms transfer schemes of 3 June 2006, the functions of the residual MPSEB for bulk purchase and bulk supply of electricity were transferred to the Madhya Pradesh Power Trading Company Limited (MPTRADECO, Now MP Power Management Co Ltd). Therefore, all the three DISCOMs now buy power from MPPMCL including short-term power.

3. One of the major obstacles affecting the economic growth and development in the rural areas of Madhya Pradesh is inadequate power supply. At present, rural power feeders mix load for about 8-10 hours. Agricultural pumps are provided with three- phase supply for 6-8 hours. During the rest of the period, single-phase supply is made available to households. Farmers use phase splitters1 and run their water pumps for extended hours resulting in power interruptions, abnormal loading of feeders and failures of distribution transformers. The current inefficient system results in households not getting power round the clock, leading to unbalanced loading on transformers and defeating the purpose of load shedding. Moreover, the current system of common supply to households and water pumps makes it difficult to locate and reduce the commercial losses.

1 4. To ensure better power supply in the rural areas, which would require strengthening of the existing infrastructure and construction of new infrastructure, the GOMP has requested the Asian Development Bank (ADB) through the Government of India (GOI) for a Multitranche Financing Facility (MFF) to finance the feeder separation program (or the distribution improvement program). The feeder separation program was approved by ADB in 2010. The two phases cover the installation of separate feeders for households and irrigation water pumps, provision of new power connections, installation of meters for unmetered consumers, asset mapping of the DISCOMs using the Geographic Information System (GIS), and an analysis of the network system for better quality of power service to households and financial sustainability of DISCOMs.

5. The DISCOMs will be the Executing Agencies for the MFF which would have two tranches with similar project components. However, Tranche 2 will include improvements in 33 kV systems also.

6. An environmental assessment and review framework (EARF) has been prepared. The EARF ensures that the subprojects under the MFF are implemented following the safeguard objectives of ADB embodied in the 2009 Safeguard Policy Statement. The DISCOMs, as the Executing Agencies, will be responsible for the preparation of the environmental assessments of the subprojects following the procedures in the EARF and in obtaining ADB concurrence prior to implementation. Figure-1.1 shows jurisdiction of DISCOM in Madhya Pradesh:

Figure-1.1: MP DISCOM Jurisdiction

1.1. Overview of the Project

7. The Madhya Pradesh Efficiency Improvement Investment Program under Trench-2, known as Feeder Separation Project (FSP) under ADB loan-2830-IND, includes install separate feeders for households and irrigation water pumps, , provide new power connections, install meters, map the assets of the distribution companies (DISCOMs), and upstream 33 KV network strengthening to ensure better quality power supply to households and the financial sustainability of the DISCOMs.

8. Sector performance at present, power supply lines in rural areas supply power for both agricultural pumps and other customers. This mixed rural distribution network faces several problems: the overuse of subsidized electricity for agricultural water pumping leaves households with an inadequate power supply, and the unauthorized use of electricity causes the DISCOMs to suffer financial losses. Aging and overloaded distribution lines and transformers result in excessive technical losses and poor-quality power. To prevent the overuse of electricity by agricultural pumps and to reduce losses, the DISCOMs switch on the distribution lines serving the rural areas for a limited number of hours per day. The existing mixed-feeder system does not allow power to be

3 supplied on a 24-hour basis to households and business establishments, constraining economic growth and development in rural areas. 9. To promote efficient use of groundwater in agriculture and improve on-farm water conservation practices, the DISCOMs supply 3-phase electricity in rural areas for 8–10 hours daily. However, this constraints economic activities and the constant (24-hour) supply of quality power to households. Attempted supply of one phase power, after 8– 10-hour supply of three phase power, to reduce overuse of power by irrigation pumps by the DISCOMs was not effective. Separation of power supply lines (feeders) to agriculture and other customers is necessary to ensure the 24-hour supply of power to households.

10. East DISCOM Jabalpur provides power supply to 21882 Nos villages. Agricultural pumps are normally provided 3 phase supply for six to eight hours & in remaining hours either supply is not available or 1 phase supply is being made available on 11 KV rural feeders so that pumps could not run but Domestic light and fan and other load of village may get supply. This is done by disconnecting one phase of the 11 KV supply. But this arrangement is not fruitful & effective. Cultivators normally make use of phase splitters to run their motors. This ultimately increases the loading of feeders abnormally. This also causes more failure of DTRs & PTRs besides interruptions. This results in dissatisfaction among villagers. Purpose of load shedding/ regulatory plan gets defeated.

11. Distribution system improvement is the main measures taken to reduce losses under the abovementioned SDP and the previous MFF. These investments were undertaken mainly in urban areas. While the distribution systems in urban areas were supported with the HVDS and other improvements, the Government of India’s rural electrification program Rajiv Gandhi Grameen Vidyutikaran Yojana expanded the power supply to rural areas. The recent expansion of the distribution network to rural areas with long low-voltage lines and unmetered connections is one reason for the high average distribution losses in the state, despite the substantial loss reduction in urban areas. GOMP‟s feeder separation program sets out a clear road map for distribution improvements with the objective of reducing these high loses by separating feeders. This will enable the DISCOM-E to ensure a 24 hour supply of good quality power to households and other customers in the villages. Irrigation pumps will receive a preannounced supply of 3-phase power for 8 hours. 12. The ADB-approved IEE report, September 2011 covers the scope of works being implemented by three EAs such as DISCOM-E, DISCOM-C and DISCOM-W under loan

4 2830-IND. During the course of progress of the works & survey carried out, updated IEE report is being prepared pertaining to the actual executed scope of works (given in table no.3.1 of Chapter 3) carried out under DISCOM-East.

1.1.1 Impact and Outcome

13. The investment program’s broader long-term impact would be inclusive economic growth in rural areas of Madhya Pradesh through access by households to a continuous, higher-quality electricity supply. The measurable impact in the short term would be the 24-hour supply of higher-quality electricity to rural households in Madhya Pradesh. The investment program’s outcome would be improved operational efficiency in electricity distribution in rural areas of Madhya Pradesh

1.1.2. Outputs

14. Uninterrupted, quality power supply to domestic rural consumers. By providing better quality and uninterrupted power supply, there would be over-all development of Rural mass that will improve their standard of living, improved economic condition thereby over-all development in the DISCOM-W area are mentioned as under:

o Flattening of load curve in a judicial way. o Therefore reducing the cost of power purchase and reducing the penalty for unscheduled interruption,

o Better energy accounting for agricultural consumption, Reduction of T&D and AT&C losses,

o System strengthening by improving the infrastructure, o Improved voltage profile to every Domestic Consumer, o Theft of energy will be practically minimized,

o Failure of Distribution Transformers will almost be less o Chances of adding illegal connections will be completely eliminated 15. Presently due to lengthy LT line and voltage drop, the voltage received at the consumer end drops down. Theft of energy will be minimized. Failure rate of Distribution Transformers will be minimized. Chances of running illegal motors during supply “OFF” period are completely eliminated. Significant reduction in T & D Losses. Improved voltage profile to every Domestic Consumer. With the provision of DTR's near to the consumer’s group there will be improved voltage profile. The IRR of project is 19.56 % and payback period 4 years and 3 months.

5 1.1.3. Financing Plan and Implementation Arrangement

16. The financing plan of the project is given in Table 1.1. Table 1.1- Financing Plan of DISCOM - East

Finance Source Amount INR-Cr Share of Total (%)

Asian Development Bank 357.00 82 Government ( DISCOM-East) 78.00 18 Total 435.00 100.0 Source: DISOM-East

17. MP-DISCOM-East is the executing agencies (EA) and at the same time, implementing agencies. A project management unit (PMU) has set up within executing agency / implementing agency. The MP Department of Energy will provide the supervision and coordination of project activities implemented by the DISCOM-East. Figure 1.2 shows the indicative implementation arrangement of DISCOM-East

Figure 1.2: Indicative Project Implementation Arrangements

1.2. The Need for an Initial Environmental Examination

1.2.1. National Requirements

18. The Government of India (GoI) considers power Distribution projects as environment- friendly compared to other power development projects since they do not generate and dispose of hazardous waste to land air and water, thus, they are not included within the

6 realm of the Environment Protection Act 1986. In September 2006, the Ministry of Environment and Forests (MoEFCC) has issued a notification exempting power Distribution projects from environmental clearances due to its non-polluting nature. Therefore, no environmental clearances for the proposed project will be required from the MoEF&CC or from the Madhya Pradesh State Pollution Control Board (MPPCB).

19. However, under the Forest Conservation Act 1980, if power Distribution projects will traverse or affect land classified as forest by GoI, forest clearance has to be obtained from the relevant authorities to prevent deforestation and degradation. The MP state government cannot de-classify any forest land or authorize its use to any non-forest purpose without the approval of the Central government. Given this stringent requirement, avoidance of land designated as forest by GoI has been included as one of the main criteria for site selection in power Distribution and distribution projects.

1.2.2. Requirements of Asian Development Bank

20. The Safeguard Policy Statement 2009 (SPS 2009) of ADB sets out the requirements for environmental safeguard that applies to all ADB-financed projects. Under SPS 2009, projects that require financing from ADB are screened and categorized based on their potential environmental impacts. This project category continues to be category B on environment requiring the updating of ADB-approved IEE report. Following the requirements of SPS 2009, the ADB-approved IEE report has been updated covering the actual scope of works implemented by DISCOM-E under the loan 2830-IND.

1.2.3. Objectives of the IEE

21. The objectives in updating of ADB-approved IEE report are:

(i) to assess the environmental impacts – positive and negative associated with the proposed project;

(ii) to identify the corresponding mitigation and/or enhancement measures for the environmental impacts; and,

(iii) To ensure that all statutory requirements for the project such as applicable rules and regulations, clearances required (if any), etc. have been considered to ensure compliance.

1.2.4. Scope and Methodology

22. The scope of the updated IEE reports covers the general environmental profile of Eastern MP, an assessment of the potential environmental impacts on physical, ecological, economic, and social and cultural resources within the projects

7 influence area during design and/or pre-construction, construction, and operation stages. An environmental management plan and an environmental monitoring plan are integral part of the IEE. The updated IEE report follows a number of steps:

• Conduct field visits to collect primary or secondary data relevant to the project area to establish the baseline environmental condition;

• Assess the potential impacts on environmental attributes due to the location, design, construction and operation of the Project through field investigations and data analysis. Explore opportunities for environmental enhancement and identify measures; • Prepare an environment management plan (EMP) outlining the measures for mitigating the impacts identified including the institutional arrangements;

• Identify critical environmental parameters required to be monitored subsequent to the implementation of the Project and prepare an environmental monitoring plan;

• Compare the environmental safeguard requirements of GoI, GoMP and ADB, and identify measures to bridge the gap, if any;

• Carry out consultation with affected stakeholders, local administrative bodies to identify perception of the Project, introduce project components and anticipated impacts; and,

• Disclose the updated IEE at ADB website and prepare project brief and/or FAQs in local language to be made publicly available at the offices of DISCOM-E. 23. Earlier the field visits were done between March / April, 2011 & further in April 2018 to conduct visual inspection and to assess the existing condition of the physical and biological environment of selected subproject sites, consult with local people that may be potentially affected by the subprojects, coordinate with DISCOM-E; and local authorities, and to conduct secondary data collection.

1.3. Structure of the Updated Report

24. In line with SPS 2009, the updated IEE report has the following contents:

• Executive Summary: This section briefly describes the critical facts, significant findings, and recommended actions.

• Introduction (Section 1.0): Describes the overview of the project, environmental requirements, objectives and scope of the study, approach and methodology.

• Policy, Legal, and Administrative Framework (Section 2.0): Discusses the national and local legal and institutional framework within which the environmental

8 assessment is carried out. It also identifies project-relevant international environmental agreements to which the GoI is a party or signatory, and other requirements relevant to the proposed project such as no objection certificate, consent/permission from concerned departments and/or organizations, as applicable.

• Description of the Existing Environment (Section 3.0): Describes the relevant physical, biological, and socioeconomic conditions within Madhya Pradesh as the subprojects covered in the proposed project are spread all over the state

• Project Description(Section 4.0): Provides an overview of the proposed project; its objectives and major components including maps showing the project location

• Analysis of Alternatives (Section 5.0): Examines the alternatives to proposed project sites to ensure avoidance of significant adverse environmental impacts

• Anticipated Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures (Section 6.0): Provides an assessment of the associated environmental impacts and corresponding mitigation measures. The environmental impacts and mitigation measures including the environmental monitoring are summarized in the environmental management plan and environmental monitoring plan.

• Information Disclosure, Consultation, and Participation (Section 7.0): Describes the process of engaging stakeholders and information disclosure. This section summarizes the comments and concerns of affected persons. • Grievance Redress Mechanism (Section 8.0): This section describes the grievance redress framework and setting out the time frame and mechanisms for resolving potential complaints and/or issues from affected persons.

• Environmental Management Plan & Institutional Set up (Section 9.0): Describes the set of mitigation and management measures to be taken for each identified environmental impact during project design, construction and operation. This section also includes monitoring and reporting procedure as well as institutional implementation arrangements.

• Filed Based Environmental Due Diligence (Section 10.0): Describes the residual environmental impact due to changed/ updated scope of works and time bound corrective measures, if any.

• Conclusion and Recommendation (Section 11.0): Describes the findings & outcome of report. This section also includes benefits & impacts.

9 CHAPTER 2

POLICY, LEGAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK

2.1. ADB Safeguard Policy Statement 2009

25. ADB requires the consideration of environmental issues in all aspects of its operations, and the requirements for environmental assessment are described in its Safeguard Policy Statement 2009 (SPS 2009). This states that ADB requires environmental assessment of all project loans, program loans, sector loans, sector development program loans, and loans involving financial intermediaries, and private sector loans.

26. Screening and Categorization: The nature of the environmental assessment required for a project depends on the significance of its environmental impacts, which are related to the type and location of the project, the sensitivity, scale, nature and magnitude of its potential impacts, and the availability of cost-effective mitigation measures. Projects are screened for their expected environmental impacts and are assigned to one of the following four categories:

(v) Category A. Projects could have significant adverse environmental impacts. An EIA is required to address significant impacts. (vi) Category B. Projects could have some adverse environmental impacts, but of lesser degree or significance than those in category A. An IEE is required to determine whether significant environmental impacts warranting an EIA are likely. If an EIA is not needed, the IEE is regarded as the final environmental assessment report. (vii) Category C. Projects are unlikely to have adverse environmental impacts. No EIA or IEE is required, although environmental implications are reviewed. (viii) Category FI. Projects involve a credit line through a financial intermediary or an equity investment in a financial intermediary. The financial intermediary must apply an environmental management system, unless all Projects will result in insignificant impacts. 27. REA checklist has been updated to support environment classification as category-B with respect to updated scope of work of DISCOM-East under ADB loan-2830, which has been presented in Appendix -I.

10 2.2. Applicable National and State Legislation

28. The implementation of the project and subprojects will be governed by the GoI and GoMP environmental acts, rules, regulations, and standards. These regulations impose restrictions on activities to minimize and/or mitigate likely impacts on the environment. It is the responsibility of the project executing and implementing agencies to ensure subprojects are consistent with the policy, legal and administrative framework across all hierarchy - national, state municipal and local.

29. Some of the applicable national and state acts/rules applicable to this project are as follows and details given in Appendix -II. Compliance with legislations (acts/rules) is mandatory at all stages of project implementation.

(i) The Hazardous Wastes (Management and Handling) Amendment Rules, 2003 (ii) Batteries (Management and Handling) Rules, 2001 (iii) Ozone Depleting Substances (Regulation and Control) Rules, 2000 (iv) The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, amended 1991 and including Rules/Notification issued under this Act. (v) The Biodiversity Act, 2002

2.3. National and State Environmental Assessment Requirements

30. As per GoI’s Environment Impact Assessment (EIA) Notification 2006, power Distribution (and distribution) projects are not listed as environmental sensitive projects and hence no environmental clearance is required from MP State Pollution Control Board (MPSPCB) or the Ministry of Environment and Forests (MoEFCC). Clearance from MP Forest Department is required only in cases where subproject is constructed on forestland or requires cutting of forest trees. Figure 2.1 shows the process of obtaining an environmental clearance in India.

Figure 2.1: Environmental Clearance Process in India

31. The MoEFCC, GoI, vide its Notification Nos. S.O. 1533 dated September 14, 2006, reengineered the EIA process in India, also decentralized some powers, and made provision to constitute the State Level Environment Impact Assessment Authority (SEIAA) and the State Level Expert Appraisal Committee (SEAC) for performing functions under the said Notification.

32. In MP, the central Government constituted the State Level Environment Impact Assessment Authority (SEIAA) in the pursuance of the GoI notification on 1533 (1) dated 14 September 2006. The SEIAA, MP bases its decision on the recommendations of the State Level Expert Appraisal Committee (SEAC) also constituted for MP as per

the order.

33. Table 2.1 presents a comparison of the environmental requirements of ADB and GoI.

12 Table 2.1: Comparison of Environmental Requirements of ADB and GoI

Project Stage ADB GoI Gaps EIA Notification • As per the Indian • Uses sector- (2006; 2009) set regulations, the specific rapid screening criteria to environment impact Screening and environmental classify new and assessment (EIA) Categorization assessment checklist for expansion projects is mandatory for screening assigns based on potential eight types of categories based on environmental project activities potential impacts: impacts as follows: including mining, Category A, B1 power generation, • A - EIA required and/or B2. primary processing, (irreversible, diverse or • The category materials unprecedented adverse determines the level production and environmental impacts) of environmental processing, specific • B - IEE required assessment. manufacturing and • C - no environmental services sectors, assessment required but infrastructure and a review of construction. Under environmental each category, the implications is required threshold limits are FI - ESMS required specified when it is mandatory to conduct an EIA. • Power Distribution (and distribution) projects are not listed as E environmental sensitive projects.

13 Project Stage ADB GoI Gaps Authority (SEIAA) through recommendations of State Environmental Appraisal Committee (SEAC), Category B2 – • Does not require EIA, goes directly to Appraisal stage. For projects with potential • Compares feasible • Under the National significant impacts (i.e., alternatives to the Law, Distribution Category A) proposed projects projects have the • Examine alternatives to site, technology, “right of way” the project's location, design and • In such cases, design, and technology operation including however, to comply • Document rationale for the “without project” with the SPS selecting the particular situation in terms of (2009), and project location, design, their potential analysis of Analysis of environmental Alternatives and technology alternatives needs • Consider "no project" impacts, the to be carried out. alternative feasibility of mitigating these impacts, their capital and recurrent costs, their suitability under local Conditions and abatement. • Starts early and • Public consultation • There are no major continues during required to be gaps. However, implementation undertaken through the public • Undertaken in an public notice prior consultation starts atmosphere free of to the approval by at a later stage in intimidation the MoEFCC only the project cycle. Meaningful • Gender inclusive and for Category B1 and Consultation responsive A projects. • Tailored to the needs of • Starts at a later vulnerable groups stage in the project • Allows for the cycle incorporation of all relevant views of stakeholders ADB will post in its • Information • No major gaps Information website the following: disclosure required Disclosure • Draft EIA report posted to be undertaken on ADB website at least through public 120 days prior to Board notice prior to the consideration approval by the MoEFCC only for

14 • Draft EA/EARF prior to Category B1 and A appraisal projects. • Final or updated EIA/IEE upon receipt • Environmental monitoring report submitted by borrowers upon receipt • Establish a mechanism • Grievance redress • Major gap. Grievance to receive and facilitate mechanism is not • To comply with the Redress resolution of grievances mentioned in the SPS 2009, a Mechanism or complaints regulations mechanism for redressal will be set up. • Refers to Environmental • The Environment • The limiting value of Health and Safety (Protection) Rules, some pollutants Guidelines (EHS) 2007 1986 specified in the • If national regulations • Various legislations Indian regulatory differ, more stringent addressing aspects standards maybe will be followed such as air and different than those • water pollution, specified in EHS Use of If less stringent levels hazardous 2007 guidelines and Environmental are appropriate in view substance hence some gaps in Standards of specific project circumstances, provide management, etc. certain situations. full and detailed • Occupational health justification and safety standards included in the Factories Act (India) and various India specific Labor Laws • Prepare monitoring • Post environmental • .No major gaps reports on the progress of clearance (EC) EMP monitoring is • Retain qualified and stipulated by the experienced external regulations, with half experts or NGOs to verify yearly compliance monitoring information for reports to be made Monitoring Category A projects available as public and Reporting • Prepare and implement documents. corrective action plan if • Latest report non-compliance is displayed on website identified of regulatory • Requires submission of authority quarterly, semiannual, and annual reports to ADB for review

15 2.4. Applicable International Environmental Agreements

34. International conventions such as the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN), Convention on Migratory Species (CMS), Convention on Wetlands of International Importance (Ramsar Convention), Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), and Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) are applicable for selection and screening of subprojects under restricted and /or sensitive areas. India is a party to these conventions as detailed in Appendix -III. 35. For the subprojects, (i) animals and plant species found in the subproject sites are not included in the IUCN Red List; (ii) will not alter bird migration; (iii) sites are not within or adjacent to wetlands, protected or forest areas; and (iv) does not cause damage to the environment of other States or of areas beyond the limits of national jurisdiction.

36. Subprojects may be subject to Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) as per Article 3 and Annex A of the Convention and shall subscribe to the provisions set forth under the Convention.

2.5 Other Applicable Laws and Policies

37. According to the Child Labor Act adolescents between the ages of 14 to 18 years, if employed, shall not be engaged in hazardous working conditions. The national and state laws cover the occupational health and safety of employees working only in factories and mines. However, the Indian Constitution stipulates provisions to ensure that the health and well-being of all employees are protected and the state has the duty to ensure protection. The project will ensure compliance to applicable core labour standards of ADB-ILO during design and implementation.

16 CHAPTER 3

PROJECT DESCRIPTION

3.1 Introduction

38. Madhya Pradesh (MP) is an agrarian state with 70% rural population, and inadequate power supply in rural areas is one of the major obstacles affecting the economic growth and development. At present, rural power feeders feed mixed agriculture and domestic / Village loads approximately for 8-10 hours. Agricultural pumps are provided with three- phase supply for 6-8 hours. During the rest of the period, single-phase supply on the HV line is made available, intended for use in households and small businesses. Farmers use phase splitters and run their water pumps for extended hours resulting in power interruptions, abnormal loading of feeders and failures of distribution transformers. The currently inefficient system results in households not getting power round the clock, leads to unbalanced loading of transformers and defeating the purpose of load shedding. Moreover, the current system of common supply to households and water pumps makes it difficult to locate and reduce commercial losses.

39. Feeder separation refers to supply of electricity to households and water pumps separately. This will allow the distribution company to cut off supply to water pumps as and when needed, undertake proper every audits and locate the commercial losses more accurately. To ensure adequate power supply to rural households and farmers, 11 kV feeders are being separated for households and farmers under MFF-Trench- 2 of the feeder separation program. This would enable households to receive reliable and quality power supply, which is on par with the power supply to urban population in MP.

40. Rural distribution networks of the DISCOMs have several problems causing the efficiency of distribution and customer service to be poor-(i) over-use of subsidized electricity for agricultural water pumping causing financial losses, (ii) unauthorized connections for agricultural pumps and households / commercial activities causing financial losses, and (iii) ageing and poorly maintained distribution lines and transformers, which are frequently run above the rated capacity, causing excessive technical losses to the DISCOMs and a poor quality of service to the customers.

3.2. Objective & Benefits 41. For the consumers in rural areas, the proposed project activities will lead to improvement of (i) three phase power supply in populated areas on par with Tehsil

17 towns; (ii) better health care services and education facilities; (iii) improvement in living condition in rural areas on account of access to a wide variety of goods and local employment generation through new industrial and commercial activities in villages (iv) reduction in failures of agriculture pumps due to improved voltage; (v) optimal use of ground water resources through regulated supply of power for irrigation purpose. The key aspect of the feeder separation program is separation of the irrigation and residential/commercial loads in rural areas and to adopt measures to check pilferage of electricity.

42. This switching off the HV line or one phase of the line has led to a situation where the rural communities do not benefit by the availability of electricity for household use and for small industrial or commercial activities. Additional benefits such as electricity for longer hours of study and work for school children cannot be achieved. Commercial activities or other smaller industrial activities are not catalyzed by the availability of electricity, owing to the limited availability and the poor quality of supply.

43. Key benefit of these projects is to provide quality power supply to domestic and other rural consumers which will results in overall development of rural mass. Flattening of load curve will help in reduction of power purchase cost and other penal expenditures. Quality power supply to irrigation consumer will increase production of crops, thereby overall improvement in their financial status. Development of agriculture sector due to better and improved availability of power supply. Besides above mentioned direct benefit to the villagers there will be reduction in line loss, Power and Distribution transformer failure, reduction in interruption and increase in consumer satisfaction.

44. Overall, it is expected that the completion of the Feeder Separation Project would provide a continuous, more stable and reliable power distribution for rural networks that is likely to contribute to poverty alleviation through the use of available electricity for agricultural production, commercial activities, health, and other employment-generation activities.

3.3 Updated Scope of Work

45. A combined IEE report for all distribution companies & power transmission were submitted for ADB’s approval in September, 2011. However, during the course of progress of the project implementation, feeder separation lines were also added to the same project and some were dropped as they were no longer necessary. In this connection, variation of quantum of works from the ADB approved original scope of

18 work were recorded & also completed in Dec 2019 now as updated quantity of actual work completed shown in table no-3.1, the IEE report is updated in December 2019 to reflect updated quantum of works based on survey & execution for DISCOM-East.

46. The scope of work consisted major works like (i) feeder separation that will separate power supply lines to irrigation pumps and households; (ii) supply quality improvement & metering strengthening in Circles/Districts in Jabalpur region of East DISCOM of MP. The project comprises subprojects under the following components: The main scopes of the scheme are:

o Component-1- Feeder Separation comprising construction of new 11 KV lines and rehabilitation and upgrades of existing 11 KV lines, so as to separate power supply to irrigation pumps & households.

o Components-2- installation of new distribution transformers and conversion of bare conductor LV lines to aerial bundled cables.

o Component-3- Supply of Quality Improvement & Metering comprising mapping of distribution assets & associated global positioned system (GPS) surveys, installation of meters, network management improvement of systems at 11 KV & below.

o Component-4- Upstream 33 KV Network Strengthening comprising construction of new 33 kV line on H beam (152x152 mm), 33 kV DP on H beam (152x152 mm), 33 kV line on PCC pole with Dog conductor, 33 kV DP structure on PCC pole, 33 kV bay at EHV substations & 33 KV Line ( No of feeders).

47. The detailed scope of work has been provided in Appendix-IV.

Table 3.1 Summary of Updated Scope of Work of DISCOM-East

Loan No Name of Division Number of feeders ( Progress as on Provision) Dec 19 2830 Gadarwara 81 81 Amarwada 89 89 Parasia Sausar Pandhurna Lakhnadon 42 42 Relhi & Banda 52 52 Damoh (South) 52 52 Panna 38 38 Tikamgarh 64 64 LOAN 2830-IND 418 418

9 19 Sr. Sub-projects given in ADB approved IEE Unit Original Qty Executed No. report, September 2011 Quantity As on 15-11-19 1. Component 1: Feeder separation 1 Extension of 11 kV bay in existing 33/11 kV Nos 437 210 substation 2 11 kV line on 140 kg, 8 m PCC pole with DP km 9,683 7229 3 25 kVA, 11/0.433 kV, 3-phase distribution Nos 7,390 6620 transformer substation with metering 2. Component 2: Associated LV lines 4 LV line 3-phase 5-wire overhead using AB km 887 cable XLPE 50 sq mm / 25 sq mm on PCC 91 pole 140 kg, 8 m 5 Replacement of AAAC/ACSR conductor by km 2,217 AB cable XLPE 50 sq mm on existing 3-phase LV line 6 Replacement of AAAC/ACSR conductor by km 3,326 4383 AB cable XLPE 25 sq mm / 16 sq mm on existing 3-phase LV line 3. Component 3: Quality improvement and metering 7 Providing meters for new & existing Nos 193,120 105027 connections with renovation of service lines (includes 10% of the existing consumers & new connections) 8 Survey Completed 4. Component 4: Upstream 33 kV network strengthening 9 33 kV line on H beam (152x152 mm) km 186 108.71 10 33 kV DP on H beam (152x152 mm) Nos 186 201 11 33 kV line on PCC pole with Dog conductor km 545 654.06 12 33 kV DP structure on PCC pole Nos 549 1236 13 33 kV bay at EHV substations Nos 42 36 14 33 KV Line ( No of feeders) 57

48. No new substations have been being constructed, therefore land acquisition due to project has not been done. Photographs of Progress of feeder/distribution lines connection with different Sub-stations have been presented in Appendix V.

3.4 Project Location and component 49. All project activities are being carried out within the existing facilities of eight districts in phase-2 of DISCOM-East. The target is to create feeder separation network including to separate distribution line for agriculture and residential consumers in rural area. The progress of projects components in all divisions for DISCOMM East in loan no. 2830 is presented below in Table 3.2.

9 20

50. To carry out the work of feeder separation of 418 feeders following components of work have been executed.

Table 3.2: Project Components in Loan no 2830

Replacement New 11 New of bare Sl. 11 KV KV No. of LV Meters Division Feeder conductor No. Bay Line DTR Line (Nos.) with AB (Nos.) (kms) (kms) Cable (kms) 1 Gadarwara 81 22 965 637 12 345 9379 Amarwara, Parasia, 2 89 73 1766 1610 30 886 28643 Sausar, Pandhurna 3 Lakhnadon 42 14 861 558 4 728 12021 4 Rehli-Banda 52 26 817 1199 33 586 9423 5 Damoh(South) 52 17 792 717 0 774 19662 6 Panna 38 18 834 1040 9 563 9731 7 Tikamgarh 64 40 1194 859 3 501 16168 TOTAL 418 210 7229 6620 91 4383 105027 (2830-IND)

51. The DISCOM (E) conducts the business of distribution and retail supply of electricity in their franchise areas shown in Figure 3.1 to 3.7.

Figure - 3.1: 3/11 KVA substation: Baretha, 11KV feeder: Baretha in district Narsinghpur 9 21

Figure - 3.2: 33/11 KVA substation: Ahar, 11KV feeder: Ahar in district Chhindwara

Figure - 3.3: 33/11 KV substation:- Diwari, Feeder:-Shikara in district Seoni 9 22

Figure - 3.4: 33/11 KVA substation: Kesli, 11KV feeder: Sahajpur in district Rehli Banda

Figure - 3.5: 33/11 KVA substation: Tejgarh, 11KV feeder: Tejgarh in district Damoh

9 23

Figure - 3.6: 33/11 KVA substation: Amanganj, 11KV feeder: Kamtana in district Panna

Figure - 3.7: 33/11 KVA substation: Badagaon, 11KV feeder: Samarra in district Tikamgarh

52. Component 1: Feeder separation work includes activities directly related to feeder

9 24 separation. These are typically being addition of new 11 kV bays at existing primary substations and construction of new 11 kV lines. Under the feeder separation component, new transformers for agricultural feeders have installed. All 11 kV rehabilitation and upgrades are also undertaken as a part of this component.

53. Extra quantity had executed under feeder separation based on survey, whose quantity was not covered in original ADB approved IEE report September, 2011. Updated scope of project, comprises, decreased extra quantity of KM of 11 KV line, which now updated total 11 KV lines with the length of 7229 KM in place of earlier length 9683 KM.

54. These 11 KV distribution lines laid along the road & agriculture areas of Narsinghpur, Chindwara, Seoni, Sagar, Damoh, Panna & Tikamgarh districts. This final route alignment does not cross any protected reserves forests /national Park/sanctuaries and large settlements and other critical sensitive environmental areas.

55. Component 2: Associated LV lines in village feeder, and associated work. It has installation of 11/0.433 kV distribution transformers in new locations closer to the households, as required.

56. These LV lines are laid along the road & agriculture areas of Narsinghpur, Chindwara, Seoni, Sagar, Damoh, Panna & Tikamgarh districts. This final route alignment of associated LV lines do not cross any protected reserves forests / national park / sanctuaries and large settlements and other critical sensitive environmental areas. There is no rail line & river crossing on the way of final alignment route.

57. Component 3: Quality improvement and metering. Asset mapping, the associated GPS survey, and improvements to the metering system and overall improvement of the network management at 33 kV and below are included in this component.

58. Component 4: Upstream 33 KV Network Strengthening comprising construction of new 33 kV line on H beam (152x152 mm), 33 kV DP on H beam (152x152 mm), 33 kV line on PCC pole with Dog conductor, 33 kV DP structure on PCC pole, 33 kV bay at EHV substations & 33 KV Line ( No of feeders).

59. Gadarwara division: 33/11 KV feeder/distribution lines was covered in original ADB approved IEE report September 2011, which is located in Narsinghpur district & entirely on government land. The subproject at Basuriya & Barahabada villages lies within 10 km from the boundary of Satpura Wildlife Sanctuary. However, there would be no impact on the Wildlife Sanctuary due to this project since there shall be no land acquisition with in the Satpura Wildlife Sanctuary. No religious, historical or ASI recognized sites lie in the proposed subproject location. During execution of feeder/distribution lines it was found that no forest area is involved hence no impact no forest area. Further it has also been found that there is no impact on trees during

9 25 execution of feeder/distribution lines.

60. Chhindwara division: 33/11 KV feeder/distribution lines was covered in original ADB approved IEE report September 2011, which is located in Chhindwara district & entirely on government wasteland. The subproject at Amgaon, Titri, Dhanegaon, Dilawar Mohegaon, Sagar, Khamra and Khamarpani villages lies within 10 km from the boundary of Pench Wildlife Sanctuary. However, there would be no impact on the Wildlife Sanctuary due to this project since there shall be no land acquisition with in the Pench Wildlife Sanctuary. No religious, historical or ASI recognized sites lie in the proposed subproject location. During execution of feeder/distribution lines it was found that no forest area is involved hence no impact no forest area. Further it has also been found that there is no impact on trees during execution of feeder/distribution lines.

61. Lakhnadon division: 33/11 KV feeder/distribution lines was covered in original ADB approved IEE report September 2011, which is located in Seoni district & entirely on government wasteland. The subproject does not lie near any critical and sensitive environmental locations such as reserve forest, wildlife sanctuary, estuary, important bird area etc. No religious, historical or ASI recognized sites lie in the proposed subproject location. During execution of feeder/distribution lines it was found that no forest area is involved hence no impact no forest area. Further it has also been found that there is no impact on trees during execution of feeder/distribution lines.

62. Relhi & Banda division: 33/11 KV feeder/distribution lines was covered in original ADB approved IEE report September 2011, which is located in Sagar district & entirely on government wasteland. The subproject at Jaitpur, Chhirari, Deori, Chandrapura and Nanhideori villages lie within 10 km from the boundary of Nauradehi Wildlife Sanctuary. However, there would be no impact on the Wildlife Sanctuary due to this project since there shall be no land acquisition with in the Nauradehi Wildlife Sanctuary. No religious, historical or ASI recognized sites lie in the proposed subproject location. During execution of feeder/distribution lines it was found that no forest area is involved hence no impact no forest area. Further it has also been found that there is no impact on trees during execution of feeder/distribution lines.

63. Damoh South division: 33/11 KV feeder/distribution lines was covered in original ADB approved IEE report September 2011, which is located in Damoh district & entirely on government wasteland. The subproject at Tejgarh, Hinoti & Mohra, Banwar, Jhalon, Taradehi, Imaliyaghat villages lie within 10 km from the boundary of Nauradehi Wildlife Sanctuary. However, there would be no impact on the Wildlife Sanctuary due to this project since there shall be no land acquisition with in the Nauradehi Wildlife Sanctuary. No religious, historical or ASI recognized sites lie in the proposed subproject location. During execution of feeder/distribution lines it was found that no forest area is

9 26 involved hence no impact no forest area. Further it has also been found that there is no impact on trees during execution of feeder/distribution lines.

64. Panna division: 33/11 KV feeder/distribution lines was covered in original ADB approved IEE report September 2011, which is located in Prithvipur district & entirely on government wasteland. The subproject at Dwari village lies within 10 km from the boundary of Panna Wildlife Sanctuary/Nation Park. However, there would be no impact on the Wildlife Sanctuary/Nation Park due to this project since there shall be no land acquisition with in the Wildlife Sanctuary. No religious, historical or ASI recognized sites lie in the proposed subproject location. During execution of feeder/distribution lines it was found that no forest area is involved hence no impact no forest area. Further it has also been found that there is no impact on trees during execution of feeder/distribution lines.

65. Tikamgarh division: 33/11 KV feeder/distribution lines was covered in original ADB approved IEE report September 2011, which is located in Prithvipur district & entirely on government wasteland. The subproject does not lie near any critical and sensitive environmental locations such as reserve forest, wildlife sanctuary, estuary, important bird area etc. No religious, historical or ASI recognized sites lie in the proposed subproject location. During execution of feeder/distribution lines it was found that no forest area is involved hence no impact no forest area. Further it has also been found that there is no impact on trees during execution of feeder/distribution lines.

3.5 Need for Project

66. Rural distribution networks of the DISCOMs have several problems causing the efficiency of distribution and customer service to be poor. Some of the problems are as follows:

Over-use of subsidized electricity for agricultural water pumping causing financial losses;

Unauthorized connections for agricultural pumps and households/commercial activities causing financial losses; and, Ageing and poorly maintained distribution lines and transformers, which are frequently run above rated capacity, causing excessive technical losses to the DISCOM (E) and a poor-quality supply at consumer end.

67. The rural/agricultural areas are served through radial MV lines by the DISCOM (E) at 11 kV. In rural areas, two specific types of customers have to be served: irrigation water pumps in agricultural lands and other households/commercial requirements of adjoining village area(s). In certain cases, the same transformer would provide the LV supply to households as well as to agricultural water pumps. Electricity supply to 9 27 agriculture is based on a fixed charge. There are two problems associated with this practice: (i) farmers tend to use excessive electricity from the connection provided at a fixed monthly cost, (ii) there are un-authorized connections to both households and agricultural water pumps, depriving the DISCOMs of the revenue.

68. To prevent over-use of electricity, the only option for DISCOM (E) is to switch-on the distribution lines serving the agricultural area for a limited time each day based on seasonal water requirements. Other users receive electricity for the same number of hours each day as agricultural water pumps are allowed to use. Typically, electricity is provided for around eight hours per day during daytime.

69. DISCOMs have also adopted an alternative practice of switching off one phase of the 11 kV feeders from the primary substation, thus causing a lower voltage in two of the three phases on the LV lines, both in the village areas and in agricultural areas. This practice has limited success due to the following:

Farmers use the pumps even at a lower voltage, using phase splitters, which have the capability of generating a two or three-phase supply adequate to run the pumps, using the supply available in the healthy phase, Approximately two thirds of the household customers receive a lower voltage supply which can only operate incandescent lamps;

It causes overloading of the two-moderate voltage (MV) lines that remain live resulting to excessive technical losses; and, It causes overloading of the phase winding of the distribution transformer connected between the two phases which causes excessive technical losses and frequent transformer winding failures. 70. This switching off the MV line or one phase of the line has led to a situation where the rural communities do not benefit by the availability of electricity for household use and for small industrial or commercial activities. Additional benefits such as electricity for longer hours of study and work for school children cannot be achieved. Commercial activities or other smaller industrial activities are not catalysed by the availability of electricity, owing to the limited availability and the poor quality of supply.

71. Unauthorized connections are widespread in the villages, aggravated by the presence of long, un-insulated LV distribution lines in the rural areas. These rural distribution lines generally use bare conductors, from which unauthorized connections are conveniently taken, both for household use and for agricultural use.

72. The 33 kV and the MV/LV distribution networks in the rural areas require rehabilitation as they have been built over a period of 25-35 years. In most areas, the lines are in a bad condition, with leaning poles, sagging conductors, ageing

9 28 transformers and worn-out switchgear. There is no transformer and LV line protection, or has been by-passed, causing poor reliability and frequent equipment failures.

73. Since GOMP aims to continue providing free or concessionary rates for electricity use required for water pumping, the DISCOMs need a longer-term solution to the current problems which aims to: provide electricity for water pumping over a limited number of hours; provide electricity for other household and commercial or industrial activities in adjoining villages for 24 hours for their social and commercial activities; reduce technical losses on MV and LV lines; reduce commercial losses both in agricultural and other customer groups caused by unauthorized connections, unmetered connections, and meter errors/tampering among authorized customers; and,

rehabilitate the MV and LV distribution network to improve quality of supply and to protect vital equipment.

74. To address the problems, a clear separation of power distribution to agriculture and other customers would be required.

3.6. Implementation Schedule

75. The overall project implementation schedule for the project is attached in Table 3.3. The schemes mentioned above are planned to be commissioned as per the schedule given therein.

9 29

Table 3.3: Project Implementation Schedule

Activities 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015-2019 2020 Q1 Q2 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Loan 2830

DISCOM-E Preparation of Bidding Documents Bidding and Contract Signing Implementation Project Completion Report

3.7. Sub-station Land Area Effect of Changed Scope

76. The sub-project is for a rural agricultural feeder separation program with no potential impact on land acquisition & resettlement.

77. There will be no physical or economic displacement of people. All the extra quantity of distribution lines of the feeder separation project had buildup along the road & Govt. land only. No household has lost their productive resources or livelihoods. Therefore, impacts associated with land acquisition are deemed to be nil.

78. The outputs for the updated scope of project activities for feeder separation project component; the objective is to create more substations to feed the distribution network while improving the overall quality & reliability of power supply for agriculture consumers.

30 CHAPTER 4

DESCRIPTION OF ENVIRONMENT

4.0 Physical Resources

4.0.1 Topography, Geology and Soil

79. The project components are located in various geographic locations in Madhya Pradesh which covers Malwa, Bundel Khand, and Mahakaushal regions. Except the valley of Narmada, the state consists of a plateau with mean elevation of about 500 meters above mean sea level, interspersed with mountains of the Vindhya and the Satpura ranges. 80. The area is part of peninsular plateau consisting of sedimentary and metamorphic rocks and is structurally part of the peninsular block. The soil of the region is rich and fertile. Categorically, Madhya Pradesh has two Agro-Climatic zones namely; (i) Central Plateau and Hill Region, and (ii) Western Plateau and Hill Region. Soil in the region is mainly black soil ranging from shallow to deep black. The area is geologically stable and is not prone to earthquakes.

81. The project and subprojects of DISCOM-East are located in various geographic locations in Narsinghpur, Chindwara, Seoni, Sagar, Damoh, Panna and Tikamgarh region of eastern MP, which lies between latitude 22 56 50.39N and 24º44' 44.77N and longitude 79º1132.46 E and 78º49'55.26E. DISCOM-East covers 77021 Square KM out of total MP covers a geographical area of 308,245 square km (km2) or about 24.98 % of the total area of MP is land-locked and surrounded by Maharashtra, Gujarat and Rajasthan. Eastern MP is surrounded by Vindhyachal on the northern ends whereas on the southern ends throughout the lengths, are Satpura ranges of mountains. In the northern part, river Narmada flows from east to west. It is a sacred river.

82. Most of eastern MP has an elevation of between 350 to 600 meters above mean sea level. In general, MP stretches across a geographically elevated position. The area is part of peninsular plateau consisting of sedimentary and metamorphic rocks and is structurally part of the peninsular block. The region has been one of the important producers of opium in the world. Cotton and soybeans constitute other important cash crops. The soil of the region is rich and fertile and of variety ranging from rich clayey to gravelly. In that region black, brown and bhatori (stony) soil make up the main classes of soil. The region, predominantly agricultural, enjoys the black, volcanic soil ideal for the cultivation of cotton; textile manufacture represents an important industry.

31 4.0.2 Meteorology and Climate

83. Climate: Madhya Pradesh has a subtropical climate characterized by hot summer season and dryness except southwest monsoon season. Like most of north India, it has a hot dry summer (April-June) followed by monsoon rains (July- September) and a cool and relatively dry winter (December-February). The state has a tropical climate varying from dry sub-humid to semi-arid. Summers are hot and at some places, it remains humid, while winters are reasonably comfortable.

84. Temperature: The maximum temperature during summer ranges between 33-44oC while minimum temperature ranges between 19-30oC. The temperature during the winter season ranges between 10-27oC.

85. Rainfall: The average rainfall is about 1,370 mm, which decreases from east to west. The southeastern districts have the heaviest rainfall with some places receiving as much as 2,150 mm, while the western and northwestern districts receive 1,000 mm or less. The monsoon season spreads from June to September with average rainfall of 1000 mm in the west to 2000 mm in the eastern part of state.

4.0.3 Air Quality and Noise

86. Air quality is considered to be good except in few urban and industrial centers, where air quality is poor, due to industrial activities and transport sources. Ambient air quality measurements conducted by CPCB in 2006 in various cities in Madhya Pradesh are given in Table 4.1.

87. As of February 2013, MPPCB has come up with new guidelines for curbing air and noise pollution associated with construction activities, with the implementation of the Jabalpur Municipal Corporation. Under the new guidelines, all construction works will have to be carried out between 7 am and 7 pm, and construction sites should be covered with acoustic screens and enclosures to control noise. Aside from this, contractors will have to enclose noisy machineries in acoustic enclosures. Some substations of DISCOM- East project area have been monitored for ambient air quality & noise level monitoring during December 2019. Ambient air quality has been carried out for two consecutive days and the average results have been presented. All results of ambient air & noise level of monitoring found very well within limits of prescribed standards which have shown in Table no-4.2 of ambient air quality & 4.3 of noise level monitoring of project areas.

32 Table 4.1: Ambient Air Quality Parameter levels in Madhya Pradesh State (Annual 3 Average Concentration in µg/m , 2006)

Type of Average Average RPM SPM CITY LOCATION area NO2 SO2 Average Average Area (µg/m3) (µg/m3) (µg/m3) (µg/m3) CEPT Govindpura I 9 4 57 164 Bhopal Hamidia Road R 16 5 81 250 TT Nagar R 9 4 36 85 Arera Colony R 21 BDL 101 265 Jabalpur Vijay Nagar R 22 BDL 81 173 Chemical Division Labour I 20 28 101 114 Nagda BCI Labour Club R 27 18 87 98 Grasim Kalyan Kendra R 32 21 95 107 Satna Sub-divisional Office I BDL 4 285 460 Regional Office R BDL BDL 145 213

Polo ground I 17 8 132 215 Indore Kothari Market R 15 7 118 194 Telephone Nagar R 10 4 100 157 EID Perry(I) Ltd I 23 19 43 103 Dewas Metal Section R 23 11 46 107 Vikas Nagar R 25 14 40 96 Jayant Township R 34 25 98 384 Singrauli NTPC Vidhyanagar R 35 26 61 286 Waidhan R 28 19 84 290 Sagar Pt. Deendayal Nagar R 9 7 105 192 Gwalior Dindayal Nagar R 11 6 153 230 Maharaj Bada R 11 6 124 185 District Office I 15 18 55 123 Ujjain Regional Office R 10 10 52 118 Mahakal Temple S 14 16 57 128 I 80 80 120 360 National Ambient Air Quality R 60 60 60 140 S 15 15 50 70

Note:- R – Residential and other areas; I – Industrial area; S – Sensitive Areas, SO2- Sulphur Dioxide; NO2 – Oxides of Nitrogen; SPM - Suspended Particulate Matter; RPM - Respirable Particulate Matter (size less than 10 microns) BDL = Below Detection Limit

(Concentration less than 9 µg/m3 for NO2); (Concentration less than 4 µg/m3 for SO2) Source – http://cpcb.nic.in

33 Table 4.2: Ambient Air Quality Monitoring of Project Area

Sr. Parameters Permissible Ambient air monitoring results No. Limits Locations Gadarwara Singodi Lakhnadon Gambhiriya Khiriya District- District- District- District- District- District- Mandla Panna Tikamgarh Narsinghpur Chindwara Seoni Sagar District- Damoh

1. Particulate 100 µg/m3 55.7 54.8 77.3 61.2 59.9 89.2 57.8 Matter (PM10) 2. Particulate 60 µg/m3 25.4 21.4 31.7 24.2 28.5 54.2 29.4 Matter (PM2.5) 3. Sulphur 80 µg/m3 6.2 6.7 10.6 8.4 8.1 13.8 7.1 Dioxide (SO2) 4. Oxides of 80 µg/m3 13.8 11.7 15.7 12.5 14.6 22.1 15.8 Nitrogen (NOx) 5. Carbon 2000 µg/m3 263 238 392 310 275 582 315 Mono- Oxide (CO)

Sampling Date: 05/12/2019 to 15/12/2019

Sampling Duration: 10 days

Reference Method & Standard: As per National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS)

Table 4.3: Noise Level Monitoring of Project Area

S.No. PROJECT ZONE LIMIT as per CPCB Observed value Leq, SITE Guidelines Leq, dB(A) dB(A) DAY* NIGHT* DAY* NIGHT* 1 Gadarwara Residential 55 45 47.1 40.4 Narsinghpur Area 2 Singodi Residential 55 45 49.2 38.5 Chindwara Area

3 Lakhnadon Commercial 65 55 60.4 47.8 Seoni Area

4 Gambhiriya Residential 55 45 47.5 40.2 Sagar Area

5 Khiriya Residential Mandla 55 45 44.3 39.4 Damoh Area

34 6 Commercial Panna 65 55 61.2 48.3 Area

7 Tikamgarh Commercial 46.1 38.7 65 55 Area

* Day time Leq(6.00AM TO 10.00PM) * Night time Leq(10.00PM TO 6.00AM) Sampling Date: 05/12/2019 to 15/12/2019 Reference Standard: As per Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB)

4.0.4 Natural Hazards

88. Seismicity: The Bureau of Indian Statistics (IS-1893 Part 1, 2002) classified India into four seismic Regions based on various scientific inputs including earthquake data from India Meteorological Department (IMD). The map showing seismic regions in India have been presented below in figure 4.1.

Seismic Region Intensity on Modified MercalIi Scale % of total area II (Low intensity Region) VI (or less) 43% III (Moderate intensity Region) VII 27% IV (Severe intensity Region) VIII 18% V (Very severe intensity Region) IX (and above) 12%

Figure 4.1: Seismic Regions of India

89. According to IMD, MP falls with Regions II and III (i.e., low to moderate damage risk seismic Region). Historically, parts of MP have experienced seismic activity in the range of intensity 5 to 6 of the Modified Mercalli Intensity (MMI) scale. Based on historical records of earthquake events in India from 16 June 1819 to 18 September 2011, only one earthquake occurred in Madhya Pradesh on 22 May 1997 at intensity 6 based on MMI scale. IMD has an earthquake monitoring and a real time seismic monitoring for early warning of tsunamis. All proposed & existing substations of DISCOM-EAST project falls under Region-III and II, having moderate seismic risk.

90. Drought and Floods: With its vast expanse, geographical features and varying climate conditions, different parts of MP have been perennially prone to drought conditions as well as floods. During 2007-2008, 39 out of 50 districts (165 Tehsils and one cluster) of MP have been declared as drought affected. Additionally, district in the western and northwestern parts of MP are considered to be susceptible to desertification. These regions also do not have a thick forest cover in comparison with the central and eastern parts of MP. The calamity events recorded from 1991-2007 are shown in Table 4.4

36 Table 4.4 Calamity Events in Madhya Pradesh (1991-2007)

4.0.5 Water Resources

91. According to Environmental Information System of India (Newsletter, January – March 2008), there are 10 major rivers originating from Madhya Pradesh and since it is located in the center of the country, most of the river are interstate. These rivers are Chambal, Sindh, Betwa, Ken (flowing northward and meet with Yamuna River), while Sone River discharges into the Ganges. The rivers of Narmada Tapi and Mahi flow westward and meet Arabian Sea while the rivers Wainganga and Pench meet with Godavari River in the south. Annual runoff from these rivers within the state is estimated at 81,719 hm, out of which about 49,743 hm can be harnessed for irrigation purposes. Groundwater use is common in the state.

92. Surface Water: The eastern part of the MP region is drained by the Sonar and Bearma river in Sagar and Damoh districts respectively. Narma river also flows from left side of the Narsinghpur district. Annual run-off from rivers within MP is estimated at 81,719 hectometer (hm), out of which about 49, 743 hm can be harnessed for irrigation purpose. Representative sample of DISCOM-EAST project area has been monitored base line water quality monitoring during December 2019. All results of surface water quality found suitable for human consumption which has shown in Table no- 4.5 of surface water quality monitoring of project area.

37 Table .4.5: Surface Water Quality Monitoring of Project Area

Sr. Name of Unit Method As per IS 10500:2012 Pond, Gadarwara Pond, Singodi Pond, Panna No. Parameter Reference District- Panna District- District- Desirable Permissible Chhindwara Damoh 1. pH at 25°C - IS: 3025 6.5-8.5 NR 7.42 7.56 7.18 (Part11)-1983 2. Total Dissolved mg/L IS: 3025 500 2000 376.83 460.12 491.20 Solids (Part16)-1984

3. Turbidity NTU IS: 3025 - - 2.3 1.4 1.8 (Part10)-1984 4. Total Hardness mg/L IS: 3025 200 600 297.30 369.70 321.10 as CaCO3 (Part21)-2009 5. Total Alkanity as mg/L IS: 3025 200 600 193.21 242.36 228.50 CaCO3 (Part23)-1986 6. Chloride as Cl mg/L IS: 3025 250 1000 75 88 98 (Part32)-1988 nd 7. Nitrate as NO3 mg/L APHA 22 45 NR 8.8 5.1 9.4 edition 8. Calcium as Ca mg/L IS: 3025 75 200 73 79 53 (Part40)-1991 9. Magnesium as mg/L IS: 3025 30 100 28 42 46 Mg (Part46)-1994 10. Iron as Fe mg/L IS: 3025 0.3 NR <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 (Part53)-2003 11. Sulphate as SO4 mg/L IS: 3025 200 400 54 75 95 (Part24)-1986 12. Total Coliform MPN/100 IS: 1622-1981 Absent Absent 234 212 256 ml 13. Odour - - UO UO UO UO UO 14. E. Coli MPN/100 IS: 1622-1981 Absent Absent 48 71 32 ml 15. Color Hazen IS: 3025 5 25 <5.0 <5.0 <5.0 (Part4)-1983

38 16. Dissolved mg/L IS: 3025 - - 4.7 3.6 2.2 Oxygen (DO) (Part38)-1989 17. Copper as Cu mg/L IS: 3025 0.05 1.5 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 (Part42)-1992 18. Electrical µs/cm IS: 3025 - - 579.73 707.87 755.69 Conductivity at (Part14)-1984 25°C 19. Chemical mg/L IS: 3025 - 0.0 26.7 34.1 24.6 Oxygen Demand (Part58)-2006 20. BOD for 3 days mg/L IS: 3025 - - 8.8 7.9 6.8 at 27°C (Part44)-1993 21. Oil & Grease mg/L IS: 3025 1 5 <1.0 <1.0 <1.0 (Part39)-2012 22. Potassium as K mg/L APHA 22nd - - 4.1 3.6 4.7 Edition 23. Sodium as Na mg/L APHA 22nd - - 18 22 48 Edition 24. Phosphate as mg/L - - - 0.017 0.032 0.064 PO4 Date of Analysis Started 17.12.2019 Date of Analysis Completed 23.12.2019 Reference Standard As per IS 10500:2012

93. Groundwater: Groundwater use is common in MP with groundwater development at 48 %. Due to varied topographical, rainfall and climatic conditions in MP, the availability of water is not uniform spatially or temporally. There is an increasing demand of water for human consumption, agriculture and industrial purposes, etc. In May 2001, a total of 790 water samples were collected from the National Hydrograph Network Stations in MP and analyzed by the Chemical Lab of NCR in Bhopal. Also some ground water sample collected in project area, all results of water quality found suitable for human consumption. However TDS, Hardness, Alkalinity, Chlorides in ground water of the project areas are within the permissible limit, which has shown in Table no-4.6 of Ground water quality monitoring.

39 Table 4.6: Ground Water Quality Monitoring of Project Area Sr. Name of Unit Method As per IS 10500:2012 Borewell Borewell Borewell Borewell Borewell Borewell Borewell No. Parameter Reference water, water, water, water, water, water, water, Gadarwara, Singodi, Lakhnadon. Gambhiriya. Khiriya District- Ahar, Desirable Permissible District- District- District- District- Mandla, Panna District- Narsinghpur Chindwara Seoni Sagar District- Tikamgarh Damoh 1. pH at 25°C - IS: 3025 6.5-8.5 NR 8.04 8.45 7.85 7.62 7.24 7.79 7.86 (Part11)- 1983 2. Total mg/L IS: 3025 500 2000 350.76 296.64 334.89 334.58 486.23 560.40 503.10 Dissolved (Part16)- Solids 1984 3. Turbidity NTU IS: 3025 - - <2 <2 <2 <2 <2 <2 <2 (Part10)- 1984 4. Total mg/L IS: 3025 200 600 209.10 179.90 247.90 221.20 331.30 314.20 309.70 Hardness as (Part21)- CaCO3 2009 5. Total mg/L IS: 3025 200 600 227 234 248 213 294 312 285 Alkalinity as (Part23)- CaCO3 1986 6. Chloride as mg/L IS: 3025 250 1000 44 25 19 37 85 96 83 Cl (Part32)- 1988 7. Nitrate as mg/L APHA 45 NR 24 12 19 28 37 28 32 nd NO3 22 edition

40 8. Calcium as mg/L IS: 3025 75 200 41 49 68 36 62 65 55 Ca (Part40)- 1991 9. Magnesium mg/L IS: 3025 30 100 26 14 19 32 43 37 42 as Mg (Part46)- 1994 10. Iron as Fe mg/L IS: 3025 0.3 NR 0.12 0.24 0.18 0.15 0.28 0.24 0.08 (Part53)- 2003 11. Sulphate as mg/L IS: 3025 200 400 32 17 42 39 34 62 53 SO4 (Part24)- 1986 12. Odour - - UO UO UO UO UO UO UO UO UO

13. Total MPN/100 IS: 1622- Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent Coliform ml 1981

14. E. Coli MPN/100 IS: 1622- Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent ml 1981

15. Color Hazen IS: 3025 5 25 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 (Part4)- 1983 16. Dissolved mg/L IS: 3025 - - 4.1 3.7 3.2 2.8 3.9 4.5 3.2 Oxygen (Part38)- (DO) 1989 17. Copper as mg/L IS: 3025 0.05 1.5 0.032 0.014 0.058 0.041 0.028 0.047 0.052 Cu (Part42)- 1992

41 18. Electrical µs/cm IS: 3025 - - 539.63 456.37 515.22 514.74 748.05 862.15 774.00 Conductivity (Part14)- at 25°C 1984 19. Chemical mg/L IS: 3025 - 0.0 BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL Oxygen (Part58)- Demand 2006 20. BOD for 3 mg/L IS: 3025 - - BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL days at 27°C (Part44)- 1993 21. Oil & mg/L IS: 3025 1 5 BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL Grease (Part39)- 2012 22. Potassium mg/L APHA - - 2.56 2.24 0.09 0.78 0.83 3.2 3.1 as K 22nd Edition 23. Sodium as mg/L APHA - - 45 37 19 34 48 82 64 Na 22nd Edition 24. Phosphate mg/L - - - 0.012 0.065 0.023 0.035 0.019 0.003 0.021 as PO4

Date of Analysis Started 17.12.2019 Date of Analysis Completed 23.12.2019 Reference Standard As per IS 10500:2012

42 94. Based on the results, groundwater quality in the northern region of MP is generally good but shows high salinity in localized areas in the districts of Shajapur, Ratlam, Ujjain etc. Very high values (more than 3,000 m/cm) of electrical conductivity (EC) were found in few localized pockets in these areas while those ranging from 750 to 1,500 m/cm at

25oC were found in the western parts of MP. Results of analysis showed that generally, ground water in MP is alkaline-earth bicarbonate type. Figure 4.2 shows the groundwater quality map of MP.

Figure 4.2: Groundwater Quality of MP

95. Drainage: The drainage system of the state is governed by six major river basins namely the Ganga basin (consisting of Yamuna, Tons and Sone sub-basins), Narmada basin, Godavari basin, Tapti basin, Mahi basin and Mahanadi basin. Details of basins and sub-basins with respective drainage area in MP (including western part of MP) and corresponding water availability are provided in Table 4.7. None of the subprojects of DISCOM-EAST lie near important drainage bodies and are not likely to cause significant impacts on drainage patterns.

43 Table 4.7: Basin Wise Water Resources and Availability

* On account of division of MP into MP and Chhattisgarh, 2001-2002, the water availability may have changed.

• Seismicity

96. The Project region falls in seismic Zones II and III i.e., low to moderate risk zone for seismicity. Specifically, the project areas fall within the low hazard zone. The hazard and seismic zoning are presented in Figure 4.3.

Figure 4.3: Hazard and Seismic Zone Map (Madhya Pradesh and India)

• Biological Resources

• Terrestrial Ecology

Flora

97. As per “India State of Forest Report 2009” published by Forest Survey of India, Madhya Pradesh is a reservoir of biodiversity. The recorded forest area of the State is about 94,689 km2 out of which Reserved Forests constitute 65.36%, Protected Forests 32.84%, and Unclassed Forests 1.8%. About 31% of the State's geographical area is under recorded forests. A comparison of forest cover between Madhya Pradesh and India is given in Table 4.8 while Figure 4.4 shows the forest cover map of Madhya Pradesh.

98. MP is very rich in terms of forest wealth compared to its neighbors Maharashtra, Gujarat and Rajasthan. MP is ranked fourth in the country in terms of forest wealth. According to India State of Forest Report (2011) published by the Forest Survey of India, MP has a recorded forest area at 94,689 km2, which is about 30% of its total geographic area. Out of this area, reserved forests constitute 65.36%, protected forests 32.84%, and un-classed forests 1.8%. Figure 4.4 shows the map of forest cover in MP. None of the subprojects of DISCOM-EAST falls in the Wildlife Sanctuary or the National Park. However the subproject at Sagoni, Jhamar, Tidni, Badiyakheda, Bandhi and Paloha villages in Narsingpur district falls in 10 km radius from Nauradehi Wildlife Sanctuary, subproject at Panare and Rampur villages in Chhindwara districts falls in 10 km radius from Bori Wildlife Sanctuary, subproject at Gopalganj, Badalpur, Ari, Kuri and Assta villages in Seoni district falls in 10 km radius from Pench Wildlife Sanctuary and subproject at Niguwa, Pratapura, Sinonioya, Simra, Orcha and Chakarpur villages in Niwari district falls in 10 km radius from Orcha Wildlife Sanctuary.

Figure 4.4: Map of Forest Cover in Madhya Pradesh

Table 4.8: Comparison of State Forest Cover with National Forest Cover

India % of Area Area Madhya Pradesh% of Class Geographical (km2) (km2) Geographical Area Area Forest Cover

Very Dense Forest 83,510 2.54 6,647 2.16 Moderately Dense 319,012 9.71 35,007 11.36 Open Forest 288,377 8.77 36,046 11.68 Total Forest Cover* 690,899 21.02 77,700 25.20 Non-forest Scrub 41,525 1.26 6,401 2.08 Non-forest** 2,554,839 77.72 146444 72.72 Total Geographical 3,287,263 100.00 308,245 100.00 Area * Includes 4,639 km2 under mangroves ** Excludes scrubs and includes water bodies Source: India State of Forest Report 2009, Forest Survey of India

99. The natural vegetation is tropical dry forest, with scattered teak (Tectona randis) forests. The main trees are Butea, Bombax, Anogeissus, Acacia, Buchanania and 46 Boswellia. The shrubs or small trees include species of Grewia, Ziziphus mauritiana, Casearia, Prosopis, Capparis, Woodfordia, Phyllanthus, and Carissa.

100. Fauna; Most notable wildlife species reported are Wildlife: Sambhar (Cervus unicolor), Blackbuck (Antilope cervicapra), and Chinkara (Gazella bennettii) are some common ungulates. During the last century, deforestation has happened at a fast rate, leading to environmental problems such as acute water scarcity and the danger that the region is being decertified. There are currently no threatened, protected, or endangered species in the project area as listed under the IUCN Red List. Moreover, the project does not transverse through wildlife sanctuaries/national parks, or tiger reserves.

101. Protected Areas: According to the Forest Department of MP, there are nine national parks and 25 sanctuaries spread over an area of 10,862 km2 which constitutes 11.40% of the total national forest area and 3.52% of the geographical area of MP. National park and sanctuaries in western Madhya Pradesh has been presented in Table 4.9. Figure 4.5 shows a location map of the national parks and sanctuaries. None of the subproject of DISCIM-East falls in any protected areas, and are not likely to cause significant impacts on any forests or wildlife sanctuaries or other important natural habitats.

Table 4.9: National Park and Sanctuaries in Western Madhya Pradesh

Map Districts of DISCOM- Name of National Park /Sanctuaries in Project Location No. East Area 6 Chindwara Pench (Priyadarshini ) National Park 21 Pachmarhi Wildlife Sanctuary 25 Seoni Pench Wildlife Sanctuary 19 Sagar Noradehi Wildlife Sanctuary 34 Damoh Veerangana Durgawati Wildlife Sanctuary 5 Chattarpur Panna National Park 15 Ken Gharial Wildlife Sanctuary 20 Tikamgarh Orcha Wildlife Sanctuary Note: Please refer the number in Figure 4.5 for locations

Figure 4.5: Map of National Parks and Sanctuaries in Western Madhya Pradesh

102. The GoI and the World Wildlife Fund (WWF) launched the “Project Tiger” in 1973 under which the Kanha National Park was one of the first nine protected areas selected. 02 National Parks & 06 wildlife sanctuaries and located in eastern MP, none of the subproject of DISCIM-East falls in any protected areas, and are not likely to cause significant impacts on any forests or wildlife sanctuaries or other important natural habitats.

103. The important non-wood forest products are Tendu leaves (Diospyros melanoxylon), Sal seed, (Shorea robusta), Harra (Terminalia chebula), Chironji (Buchnania lanzan), and flowers and seeds of Mahua (Madhuca indica). The common flora species are babul, neem, keekar, jaria, chhola, reonjha etc.

104. Most notable wildlife species reported are jackal, fox, monkey, wolf, squirrel, and reptiles. There are no Wildl ife Sanctuaries/National Parks, Tiger Reserves in the project area. There are no sensitive, threatened, or endangered species in the areas directly impacted by the investment components.

48 Wildlife and Protected Area

105. There are nine National Parks and 25 Sanctuaries spread over an area of 10,862 km2 constituting 11.40% of the total forest area and 3.52% of the geographical area of the state. Efforts are under way to increase the Protected Area network to 15% of the forest or 5% of the geographical area as suggested by State Wildlife Board.

106. In 1973, GOI/WWF launched the “Project Tiger” and Kanha National Park was one of the first nine Protected Areas selected under this project. At present, there are five Project Tiger areas in Madhya Pradesh and these are Kanha, Panna, Bandhavgarh, Pench and Satpura. Madhya Pradesh is also known as the 'Tiger State' as it harbours 19% of India's Tiger Population and 10% of the world's tiger population. 107. Van Vihar National Park in Bhopal is the only ex-situ conservation area that has been given provisional recognition by the Central Zoo Authority. However, this area has been notified as a National Park in order to provide adequate legal protection but is managed as a modern zoological park. Here the captive wild animals have been kept in near natural habitat setup.

4.1 Aquatic Ecology 108. The aquatic ecology in MP in general terms, is in fair condition with extensive vegetation cover including riparian vegetation and seems to present a significant regulatory factor for high water quality and aquatic ecosystem integrity. Freshwater fish and decapods crustacean (crabs, freshwater shrimp or prawns) faunas are highly diverse in surface water. There are no species listed under the IUCN Red List. However, listed among the identified impacts on aquatic biodiversity are deforestation, agriculture (including pesticides and irrigation), urban and industrial development, and river regulation for water and hydropower production, mining, introduction of exotic species, dumping of solid wastes, and dredging and channelization. None of the subprojects of DISCOM-East lie near any important aquatic resources and are not likely to cause significant impacts on any aquatic resources.

4.2 Socio economic Profile

109. Demography: MP is the second largest State in the country in terms of area, with a population of 72.6 million. Out of the total population, 26% reside in urban areas and 74% in rural areas. MP is characterized by a variety of geographical, social and cultural variations. MP is home to the highest number of tribal population in India, spread out in remote and sparsely populated areas. Western MP covers population approx. 21.2 million with highest population density 231 per square meter in MP state. 49 110. Economy: MP continues to be predominately agrarian with agricultural sector contributing about 26% to its gross state domestic product (GSDP) in 2007-2008. The secondary sector comprising of mining, manufacturing, electricity, water supply and construction contributes about 26.93% to GSDP and the tertiary sector constituting railways and other transport, communication, banking and allied services, public services, tourism development across MP contributes 46.1%. It is the secondary and tertiary sectors which have seen substantial growth in MP while growth in the primary sector being almost static. Eastern MP region contribute highest economy in MP state with maximum industrialization & agriculture in this region.

111. Major industries are pharma, automobile cotton textiles, newsprint, pottery, cement, carpets, silk, rayon, jute, glass, steel, electrical engineering goods, electronics, telecommunications, petrochemicals, food processing, and automobiles.

4.2.1 Industries

112. The economy of Madhya Pradesh is based on agriculture, forest products, industries, mineral resources, and cottage industry sectors. The gross domestic product in 2000 is Rs 737,150 Million.

113. Major industries are cotton textiles, newsprint, pottery, cement, carpets, silk, rayon, jute, glass, steel, and electrical engineering goods electronics, telecommunications, petrochemicals, food processing, and automobiles. The state has also taken the lead in cement production and is famous for its traditional handicrafts and handlooms manufactured at Chanderi and Maheshwar.

4.2.2 Employment 114. According to the 2001 Census, around 57% of the total population are non-workers, 32% main worker, and 11% are marginal workers. The different category of workers is given in Table 4.10. Per capita income at current prices is about Rs. 5,926. Agriculture provided employment to about 76.2% of the working population. Table 4.10: Distribution of Workers in Madhya Pradesh

Particulars Total Number % Main Worker 19,102,572 32 Marginal Worker 6,690,947 11 Non Worker 34,554,504 57 Total 60,348,023 100

4.2.3 Water Supply

115. Madhya Pradesh ranks among the top states in accessibility and availability of safe drinking water supply. Nearly 90% of the total population have access to safe drinking 50 water. Groundwater and surface water resources are also available within the Project districts. Groundwater is primarily used for drinking and domestic purposes in the project influence area.

116. According to 2001 Census, majority of the people access drinking water near their premises (51%), around 25% have access within their premises, and 24% of households fetch their drinking water away from home (see Figure 4.6).

Figure 4.6 Access to Safe Drinking Water

Within Premises Near Premises Away 24% 25%

51%

Source: Census of India, 2001

117. About 39% of the households use hand pumps as their main source of drinking water, 29% use wells, and 25% use tap water (see Table 4.11).

118. MP ranks among the top states in accessibility and availability of safe drinking water supply. Nearly 90% of the total population has access to safe drinking water. Groundwater is primarily used for agricultural purposes in the project influence area. According to 2001 Census, majority of the people access drinking water near their premises (51%), around 25% have access within their premises, and 24% of households fetch their drinking water away from home. In terms of sanitation, MP is one of the five States (including Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand and Orissa) – largely rural that has less than 30% access to any sanitation source. Table 4.11: Sources of Drinking Water

S No Particulars Total No % 1 Tap 2,763,309 25 2 Hand pump 4,279,126 39 3 Tube well 429,966 4 4 Well 3,166,076 29 5 Tank, Pond 34,264 0 6 River, Canal 145,914 2 7 Spring 56,471 1 8 Any other 44,527 0 Total 10,919,653 100

51 119. Public Health: Healthcare services network of MP comprises 50 district hospitals (13,400 beds), 333 community health centers, 1,155 primary health centers and 8,659 sub-centers. MP is one of the top two States that have high infant mortality rates with Panna standing at 93. MP is next only to Uttar Pradesh in high neonatal mortality rates (NNMR) standing at 44. NNMR is significantly high in rural areas than urban. Despite improvements in the coverage of antenatal care, only 4 in 10 women in MP receive them.

4.2.4 Transportation

120. Madhya Pradesh has poor transport and communication facilities with only about 21 km roads/100 km2 compared to the national average of 62 km/100 km2. The road network is deficient both in network connectivity and in riding quality. 121. The main railroads that pass through the state connect the ports of Chennai, Mumbai, and Kolkota with their surrounding areas. Important railway junctions include Bhopal, Ratlam, Khandwa, Itarsi, and Katni. 122. Major airport connections are located in Bhopal, Gwalior, Indore, Jabalpur, and Khajuraho.

4.2.5 Land Use

123. Nearly 44.33% of the land is utilized for agriculture with a few variations every year which largely depends upon the onset of monsoon and rainfall variability. The state has a total of 30.76 million hectares of land of which about 150.78 lakh hectares is the net sown area under agriculture. This represents 49% of the total geographical area. Forestland covers around 28% of the total geographical area (or 8,688 thousand ha) and the total cultivable area is 18,704 thousand ha.

124. MP has 10 divisions and 50 districts. Nearly 44.33% of the land is utilized for agriculture with a few variations every year that largely depends upon the onset of monsoon and rainfall variability. MP has a total of 30.76 million hectares of land of which about 150.78 lakh hectares is the net sown area under agriculture. This represents 49% of the total geographical area. Forestland covers around 30% of the total geographical area with total cultivable area estimated at about 18.704 million ha. Land use pattern in Madhya Pradesh is presented in Table.4.12.

Table 4.12 Land Use Pattern in Madhya Pradesh

4.2.6 Power Supply 125. The installed power capacity in Madhya Pradesh is 17725 MW. Out of this capacity, 4997 MW is produced from state’s own projects, 2427 MW from joint-venture projects, and 3638 MW from the central sector allocation and rest is from IPP and renewal energy.

4.2.7 Type of Fuel Used for Cooking

126. The most commonly used fuel for cooking among the households is firewood (65%), LPG (14%), cow dung (10%) and crop residue (6%). Less than 1% of the households use electricity as fuel for cooking. Types of fuel used for cooking is presented in Table 4.13.

Table 4.13: Type of Fuel Used for Cooking

No Particulars Total No % 1 Firewood 7,056,683 65 2 Crop residue 645,761 6 3 Cow dung 1,073,397 10 4 Coal, Lignite 87,001 1 5 Kerosene 477,832 4 6 LPG 1,483,947 14 7 Electricity 10,298 0.1 8 Biogas 50,214 0.5 9 Any other 9,542 0.1 10 No cooking 24,978 0.2 Total Households 10,919,653 100 Source: Census of India, 2011

4.2.8 Agriculture

127. The economy of Madhya Pradesh is dominated by agriculture accounting for 40% of the net domestic product. There are two seasonal crops grown in a year. In 2004- 53 05, the state has produced about 14.1 million tons of food grains (comprising 10.7 million tons of cereals and 3.4 million tons of pulses) and about 4.8 million tons of total oilseed (soya bean production is 3.75 million tons). The state has contributed 7.43% food grains, 8.7% cereals and 21.4% pulses to the national food storage in 2004-05. The most common crops produced are millet, wheat, maize (corn), rice, gram, soya bean, cotton, ground-nuts, and pulses.

4.2.9 Mineral Resources

128. Madhya Pradesh is rich in minerals. There are large reserves of coal and important deposits of iron ore, manganese ore, bauxite, limestone, dolomite, copper, fire clay, and china clay. Diamond reserves at Panna are of particular interest. There are 24 cement factories in the state. The state is one of the largest producers of cement in the country. The reserves of dolomite (66 million tons), fuller’s earth (120 billion tons), clay (12,030 million tons), limestone, quartz are reported in project area.

4.3 Social and Cultural Development

129. Population of Madhya Pradesh is 60.35 million (Census 2001) which constitutes 5.87% of the country’s population. Out of the total population, 73.54% is rural and 26.26% is urban. The Schedule Tribes accounts for 22.3% of the state. The main tribal groups are Gond, Bhil, Baiga, Kokru, Bhariya, Halba, Kaul, Mariya and Sahariya. 130. Of the total population, 52% accounts for male while 48% is female.The sex ratio (the number of females per thousand males) is 933:1000. The literacy rate is 64.11% where women are less literate than men.The average household size is 5.5. 131. According to the report, “Socio Economic and Poverty Reduction (SEPR, 2006) - in support of MP Power Sector Reforms”, there has been a decline in poverty from 61.78% in 1973-74 to 37.43 % in 1999-2000. Poverty line for rural areas in the state is set at Rs311.34 Per capita per month and Rs481.65 per capita per month for the urban population.

132. Employment and Income: MP is largely agrarian state with 43% of the workers being cultivators and 29% agricultural laborers. Industrial growth centers have been established in MP which aims to attract industries towards economic development. As of January 2011, MP had 733 large and medium industrial units providing direct employment to about 1.75 lakh people. In terms of economic groups, the landless laborers, the marginal and small farmers, the forest produce collectors, the construction workers and the household based artisans are the ones 54 who are engaged in the most economically insecure livelihoods.

133. Governance: MP has a three-tier Panchayat Raj system and Urban Local Bodies as the institutions of local self-governance. Eastern MP has 2 Commissioner Divisions & 17 Districts with down the administrative levels of Tehsils, Community Development Blocks & Tribal Development Blocks.

• Cultural and Archaeological Resources: The following are the major cultural and archaeological resources (excavation sites) in MP that are ascertained as protected areas by the Archaeological Survey of India, and hence of national importance. Architecturally significant of eastern MP include Tikamgarh, Seoni, Sidhi, Satna, Sagar, Rewa, Raisen and Narsinghpur.

134. None of the subprojects of DISCOM-East lie near any important cultural and archaeological resources and are not likely to cause significant impacts on cultural and archaeological resources.

135. Climate change impacts: MP is highly dependent of agriculture for livelihood and thus, vulnerable to climate change. According to the MP State Action Plan on Climate Change (draft report, April 2012), some of the projected climate risks for MP are increase in maximum and minimum temperatures, changes in spatial and temporal distribution of monsoon, increase in frequency and intensity of rains, loss of rainy days, extended summers etc. Climate change will not only affect the natural resources but would also impact upon human health and availability of safe habitats in the future. These climate change risks may affect the envisioned sustainable development of MP.

55 CHAPTER 5

ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES

136. During the planning stage and preliminary design, alternatives were considered in the selection of the substation sites and distribution line routes to ensure that they are economically and financially feasible, at the same time, potential environmental impacts are minimized. The following selection criteria have been adopted while updating of ADB- approved IEE report.

• Availability of a suitable right of way (ROW) and access to site by overhead distribution circuits; • Location of existing distribution lines for potential interconnection; • Distance to all weather roads, accessibility of heavy equipment under all weather conditions and access roads to the site; • Site maintenance requirements, water supply and storage; • Soil resistivity, drainage, and soil conditions; • Cost of earth removal, earth conditions and earth moving; • Atmospheric conditions and potential contamination from industry; • Available space for future expansion and current requirements; • Land ownership, avoidance of private land acquisition; • Topographical features of the site, avoidance of flood plains, wetlands, forests and other environment-sensitive areas; • Consideration of public safety and concern, avoidance of schools, playgrounds, hospitals, and structures of worship; • Avoidance of waterways and existing utilities, railway, road crossings, etc.; and, • Total costs including Distribution and distribution lines with due consideration of environmental factors. 137. A questionnaire/checklist with 17 questions following the criteria above is used during site planning updation. Preliminary site assessments conducted by the combined DISCOMs are based on the interpretation of available relevant maps of the area (i.e., topographic maps, vegetation maps, land use, etc.) aided by existing satellite images, aerial photos, location of permanent wetlands, and other environmentally- sensitive areas, and walk-over survey. Some considerations include the following:

56 • Whether any Nallah, water tank, canal, etc. is within the proximity of the proposed land should be clearly mentioned. In case of the existence of the above, the extent of water spread during maximum flood level should be indicated.” • “In the execution planning map, give the orientation of the Distribution lines (existing or proposed) and the distance of lines from the proposed site.”

138. Preliminary site assessments conducted by DISCOM-East are based on the interpretation of available relevant maps of the area (i.e., topographic maps, vegetation maps, land use, etc.) aided by existing satellite images, aerial photos, location of permanent wetlands, and other environmentally-sensitive areas, and walk-over survey. During field works or walkover surveys, locations of forests, railways, schools, waterways, utilities, road crossings, structures of worship, etc. are identified along the alignments under consideration (or a “bee-line”). Soil characterization and land use evaluation are also carried out during the walk-over survey or inventorization.

139. From the outputs of preliminary evaluation, extra quantum of work was executed with respect to original scope of work planned for Multi Finance Facility (MFF) –Trench- 2. In light of extra works done, the IEE report is updated in September 2018 to reflect variation by addition & updated scope of works mentioned in table no.3.1 under DISCOM-East, which are entirely located on government wasteland and are not likely to cause any significant environmental impacts. Table 5.1 presents a comparison of the general situation in case of “with project” and “without project” scenario.

Table1 5. “With Project” and “Without Project” Scenario

No. Parameter With Project Scenario Without Project Scenario 1 Electricity Environment Major effect, improved voltage, No effect less fluctuation, increased availability 2 Effect on protected, No effect, avoids protected, No effect sensitive, or forest areas sensitive or forest areas 3 Effect on endanger No effect, avoids protected, No effect species sensitive or forest areas 4 Tree cutting Minor effect, shall comply with No effect the environmental safeguards provision of the ADB, GoI national laws and regulations 5 Air emissions Major effect; improvement No effect because of reduced 57 usage of diesel generators currently employed for water abstraction from surface/ground water source for employing on agricultural lands. 6 Water supply Social Improved water accessibility for No effect agriculture purposes 7 Disturbances of people / During construction phase, No issue communities temporary impact 8 Effect of business Construction activities may No issue employ local populace generating economic and livelihood generation opportunities. 9 Status of living Improve; access to electricity No change Economic will reduce domestic load for women such as for cooking purposes, etc. 10 Economic development Greater rate of economic Slow development expected development

58 CHAPTER 6

ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT AND MITIGATION MEASURES

6.1. Introduction:

140 The Ministry of Environment and Forests (MoEFCC) of GoI, in its notification in September 2006, has exempted Distribution projects from environmental clearances due to the non-polluting nature of its activities. However, forest clearance under the Forest Conservation Act 1980 will be necessary in the event of Distribution line passes through forest areas.

141 One of the factors considered in selecting the best and optimum substation site and associated distribution line route is avoidance of potential significant environmental impacts. In power Distribution projects, potential environmental impacts are confined in the right of way (ROW) while for substations, they are site specific.

142 Appropriate survey methods and good engineering practice have been used to select the best alignment but residual impacts associated with the project cannot be entirely avoided resulting from varying topographical locations that will be traversed by interconnecting distribution lines. An environmental management plan (EMP) and an environmental monitoring plan (EMoP) will help ensure that these residual impacts are mitigated and/or enhanced.

a. Pre-construction and Design Phase i. Location of Substations and Distribution Line Routes

143 As discussed in chapter 5 (Analysis of Alternatives), 13 criteria for site selection and a 17-question checklist/questionnaire guide the selection of distribution line routes and substations, among others, to avoid significant adverse environmental impacts. As described in paragraph 59 to 65 under chapter-3 of project description on augmentation of existing 514 nos. substation, as these are upgrading / addition of transformers & additional feeders only in existing substations, no tree cut will be required.

144 As described for distribution lines under chapter-3 of project description, these associated LV lines are not crosses any critical and sensitive environmental locations such as reserve forest, wildlife sanctuary, estuary, important bird area etc. no religious, historical or ASI recognized sites lie in the these subproject location. Also no trees will be cut during this feeder separation project as the lie is along the road.

145 As described under chapter-3 of project description on updated scope of project, 59 comprises, 11 kV feeders which has been separated as detailed under in Table 6.1.

Table 6.1: Summary of 11 kV Feeders of Total Project Area

Replac New 11 New ement of No. Sl. 11 KV KV LV bare Meters Division Feeder of No. Bay Line Line conductor (Nos.) DTR (Nos.) (kms) (kms) with AB Cable (kms) 1 Gadarwara 81 22 965 637 12 345 9379 Amarwara, Parasia, 2 89 73 1766 1610 30 886 28643 Sausar, Pandhurna 3 Lakhnadon 42 14 861 558 4 728 12021 4 Rehli-Banda 52 26 817 1199 33 586 9423 5 Damoh(South) 52 17 792 717 0 774 19662 6 Panna 38 18 834 1040 9 563 9731 7 Tikamgarh 64 40 1194 859 3 501 16168 2830-IND TOTAL 418 210 7229 6620 91 4383 105027

146 There are 02 National Parks & 06 wildlife sanctuaries and located in eastern MP, none of the subproject of DISCIM-East falls in any protected areas, and are not likely to cause significant impacts on any forests or wildlife sanctuaries or other important natural habitats. 147 Aside from the site selection criteria and checklist used by the DISCOM-East in selecting the subprojects, the walkover survey/transect, which involves setting up of temporary tracks, helps determine the type of vegetation, type of structures and settlements within the road easements, and natural physical features and public utilities that may be traversed by the interconnecting distribution line. Walkover surveys may cause short and temporary disturbance to local people within the ROW.

ii. Choice of equipment and technology

148 All the proposed 4836 nos. of 25 kVA, 11/0.433 kV, 3-phase distribution transformer are air insulated and not gas insulated. Air insulated substation (AIS) uses atmospheric air as the phase to ground insulation for the switchgear of the substation while gas insulated substation (GIS) uses sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) gas. SF6 has a dielectric strength higher than air and the phase to phase spacing is reduced resulting to a more compact substation that is particularly advantageous in an urban environment where space is expensive. However, SF6 is a potent greenhouse gas (GHG) with a global warming potential of 23,900 times compared to CO2. One of the disadvantages of the AIS substation is the overall size making it more attractive to locate in the rural areas 60 and they are usually installed outdoor.

149 Associated LV lines in village feeder, and associated work. It has installation of 11/0.433 kV distribution transformers in new locations closer to the households, as required. Under component 2, LV line 3 phase of 49 KM, of 343 KM & replacement of AAAC/ACSR conductor by AB cable of 4728 KM. This is standard & widely accepted method of distribution lines with height of pole makes ensure safe for underline vegetation.

iii. Land Acquisition for the Sub-stations

150 Original & additional quantum of associated feeder distribution & LT lines does not require land acquisition; it had already executed along the road & avoids farming areas.

b. Construction Phase

151 During this phase, some activities may include clearing of ROW, setting up of temporary access tracks, setting up of materials storage areas along the route and substation work sites, transport of material and equipment to the site, excavation for substations, installation of poles and conductor stringing. PMU of DISCOM-East will ensure that the contract of the Engineering, Construction and Procurement (EPC) Contractor(s) will include the obligation to compensate for any temporary damage, loss or inconvenience as result of the project during the construction phase.

6.2 Prepare Construction Management Plan

152 The construction management plan (CMP) will help in avoiding the unplanned activities of EPC Contractor(s) and will guide the smooth implementation of earthmoving works, civil and electrical works. The CMP will cover temporary pedestrian and traffic management, community and safety, spoils or muck disposal, noise and dust control, drainage and storm water management, material management, and waste management. The CMP will also include designate sites /areas for monitoring such as workers facilities, work areas, and materials warehouse/ storage.

6.3 Hiring of Project Staff and Workers

153 The implementation of feeder separation project & extension of 11 kV bay in existing 33/11 kV substation had created opportunities for local employment. While this is beneficial, it may also be a cause of conflict due to migration of workers and dispute over transparency of hiring particularly if migrant workers are recruited over local people. The EPC Contractor(s) will be required to use local labour for manual work

61 and eligible local workforce for technical and administrative jobs. DISCOM-East-PMUs will monitor the compliance to priority of local hiring.

6.4 Orientation for EPC Contractor(s) and Workers

154 PMU of DISCOM-East will conduct briefing and/or orientation for EPC Contractor(s) on the environmental management plan (EMP), grievance redress mechanism, consultation, and reporting. This will provide an understanding of their responsibility in implementing and compliance to the EMP as well as agreement on critical areas that needs monitoring. The briefing will also include strict compliance against child labour, bonded or forced labour, and awareness about socially transmitted disease such as HIV/AIDS to prevent potential incidence. Aside from relevant national and state labour regulations, ADB‟s core labour standards will provide guidance for compliance. EPC Contractor(s) will provide training/drills on emergency preparedness and exercises before start of work will be encouraged to maintain health and fitness.

6.4.1 Presence of Workers at Construction Sites

155. The presence of workers and staff feeder separation project activities may increase demand for services such as housing, food, etc. This localized demand may be an opportunity for local people to have temporary small-scale business in providing services such as food, temporary lodging, etc. This will be a beneficial impact to local economy.

6.4.2 Site Preparation and Construction

• Impacts on land and vegetation

156. Vegetation clearing may cause some loss of habitat. Most of the substation sites are on grassland/shrub land such as in Gambhiriya, Pathariya, Sonakhar etc. No protected area, sanctuary or forest will be affected. Construction works will not be scheduled during harvest time to minimize damage to cash crops. The destruction and/or loss of habitat due to clearing and to stringing of distribution lines will naturally regenerate in about 2-3 years.

157. Earthmoving works in substation sites may cause potential erosion and localized flooding with elevation lower than the street level. Adequate erosion control measures will be provided in areas located in sloping terrain (or as needed) and spoils disposal plan will be strictly implemented to prevent localized flooding.

158. Site preparation for 33/11 kV poles will be minimal earthworks compared to poles. Preparation for poles involves small-scale excavations and the excavated topsoil will be

62 used for backfilling. For substations, wherever necessary, downhill slopes will be provided with revetments, retaining walls or sow soil binding grass around the sites to contain soil erosion. Landscaping/replanting/revegetation will be done as soon as earthworks are completed to stabilize the soil. 159. For distribution poles, only the exact amount of construction materials (i.e., sand, gravel, concrete, etc.) will be brought on-site to avoid stockpiling that may cause localized flooding during the monsoon season and to minimize any inconvenience to local people. At substation sites, adequate storage for materials needed for construction works will be provided.

160. Crops that may be affected or damaged during the installation of distribution poles and stringing of distribution lines will be compensated based on entitlements following the national laws and SPS 2009.

• Impacts on people

161. The installation of distribution poles as well as stringing of conductors may potentially interfere with road crossings that may pose safety risks to the public and construction workers. To minimize the risks, adequate danger and clearly visible warning signs will be posted at designated sites while scaffoldings will be placed over road crossing points. EPC Contractor(s) will be required to instruct drivers of construction vehicles to strictly follow road regulations and to implement the temporary pedestrian and traffic management plan. Appropriate permits from the local authority will be obtained prior construction works. Security personnel will be assigned to prevent trespassing and accidents at the substation sites.

162. Local hiring will be given priority so workers can come home after work every day. However, if required, EPC Contractor(s) will provide construction camps with sanitary facilities, wash areas, safe drinking water, garbage bins, and designated security personnel. Designated staff will be provided with communication device to facilitate communication particularly during emergency.

163. EPC Contractor(s) will find the location of the nearest hospital and will make arrangements in case of accidents in the worksites. First aid treatment will be set up within the construction sites and field offices. Workers will be provided with hard hats, safety shoes, and safety belts while designated staff will be provided with communication devices. Health personnel (or a nurse) will be assigned by EPC Contractor(s) to visit the construction sites once a week to broadly check the sanitary conditions of the construction sites and overall health condition of workers to minimize

63 outbreak of diseases. Good housekeeping will be enforced at all times and will be monitored by PMUs of DISCOM-East. The Contractor(s) will comply with relevant safety measures required by law and best engineering practices.

• Impacts on air quality, noise and vibration

164. The use of heavy equipment and construction vehicles may increase vehicular emissions at and around the substation sites. Vehicular emissions, land clearing, earthmoving works and transport of construction materials may increase levels of suspended particulate matter affecting air quality. Opened and exposed land areas at the substation sites and distribution poles will be sprayed with water to suppress dust level particularly during the summer season. Construction sites for substations will be temporarily enclosed to contain dust dispersion. EPC Contractor(s) will be required to maintain construction vehicles regularly to minimize the contribution of vehicular emissions to poor air quality. Warehouse for construction materials will be provided onsite to reduce the trips of material delivery while construction vehicles transporting materials that generate dusts will be covered.

165. Aside from vehicular emissions, the use of heavy equipment, construction vehicles and civil works may increase the noise levels while excavation works at the substation sites may induce vibration. Increase in noise levels and potential vibration may inconvenience local people living at and around these sites. As required by MPPCB guidelines (February 2013), noise-generating activities will be scheduled between 7 am and 7 pm while noise-generating machineries and construction areas will be covered with acoustic screens and/or temporary enclosures. Drivers will be required to observe low speed wherever necessary and no blowing of horns. EPC Contractor(s) will ensure that the traffic management plan as well as air quality and noise control plans are implemented. PMUs of DISCOM-East will monitor compliance.

• Impacts on water quality 166. Presence of workers at construction sites will generate sewage that may affect water quality while earth moving works may cause localized flooding during monsoon season and in other low-lying areas. EPC Contractor(s) will provide workers with sanitary facilities and safe drinking water. The site selection of subprojects avoided waterways to minimize the costs of mitigating the associated environmental impacts. To avoid localized flooding, construction works will be scheduled during summer in areas potential to flooding and during the monsoon season, drainage and storm water management plan will be implemented by EPC Contractor(s). PMUs of the DISCOM- East will monitor compliance to these measures. 64 6.5 Operation Phase

6.5.1 Presence of Distribution Poles and Substations

• Impacts on land and vegetation

167. The presence of substations and distribution poles may lower the real estate property values near or adjacent to these facilities. However, the availability of a stable and reliable power supply will attract and promote local economic development and thus, may actually enhance property values.

168. While no subproject is located near or adjacent to the national parks and wildlife sanctuaries, birds and other wildlife may be attracted to the presence of substations and distribution poles particularly migratory birds. Distribution lines are designed to have ground wire spacing and lightning arresters as safety features to generally protect the public (and birds). Spot checks/ocular inspection of wildlife crossing and bird electrocution (if any) will be included as part of maintenance work along the distribution lines. Maintenance workers will be trained to create awareness on this monitoring.

• Impacts on noise

169. Substations may cause disturbance to settlements adjacent to it due to noise generated by its operation. To minimize the impact, noise-generating equipment will be enclosed (if needed) and periodic maintenance of equipment such as transformers will be conducted.

• Impacts on people

170. The presence of distribution lines, poles and substation may pose potential hazards such as electrocution, lightning strike, etc. due to accidental failure of power distribution. To ensure safety, distribution line poles are equipped with galvanized ground wire for earthing purposes.

171. Distribution line systems are designed with protection system that shuts off during power overload or similar emergencies. Indian and international electrical standards will be complied with by DISCOM-East at all times. There will be regular monitoring and maintenance to ensure safety and integrity of power lines and substations.

172. After more than 20 years of global research, concerns on the potential risks of cancer from exposure to electric and magnetic field (EMF) from overhead Distribution lines and substations continue. In the Philippines, the Bureau of Health Devices and Technology of the Department of Health measured on 19 April 2004 the strength of electric and

65 magnetic field generated by a 138 kV double circuit Distribution line and from transformers in the substations as follows. Table 6.2 presents an Exposure to electric and magnetic field (EMF) from overhead transmission lines.

Table 6.2: Exposure to electric & magnetic field (EMF) from overhead transmission

lines Limit of exposure for the general Centreline on Conductors of public, stipulated by International Type of exposure 132 kV line 132 kV line Commission on Non-ionizing Magnetic field, 0.813 0.823 833 milliGauss (mG) 150 MVA 50 MVA transformer transformer Electric field, kV 1.891 0.148 4.17 per meter Magnetic field, mG 15.75 4.71 833

173. The results shown above suggest that the EMF that may come from the 33/11 kV substation and distribution lines will not be expected to exceed the limits set by the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNRP) which is 4.17 kV/m for electric field and 833 mG for magnetic field. Therefore, the substations and power Distribution lines are not expected to pose health risks to the public. The substations will be fenced and security staff will be assigned to prevent unauthorized public access. Appropriate warning signs will be posted at designated areas. DISCOM- East will conduct information and education campaign to local people to enhance awareness on living safely near the substations.

174. Working on elevated position during maintenance of distribution lines may also pose occupational and safety risks to workers. To minimize risks of accidents, maintenance workers/linemen will be provided with safety clothing and other working gears for protection, provide training on safety and emergency preparedness, and implement a safety plan.

175. The operation of the feeder separation project will create employment to local people. Aside from employment, there will be a stable and reliable supply of power, and improved delivery of service.

6.5.2 Management of Mineral Oil for Transformers & Discarded Batteries • Impacts on land and water

176. The use of transformers may cause potential accidental spillage that may contaminate land and water. The substations will have an oil-water separator and will

66 have oil-containment structure/basin at the workshop areas.

177. Discorded oil from transformers of substations will be drained & collected out carefully &, separately to avoid spillage / leakages to protect soil / water contamination. These discarded used oil fall in waste category no-5.1 of Hazardous Waste (M, H & TBM) Rules 2008 & amendments. This used oil is recyclable through authorized recyclers / NOC by CPCB & consent given by MPPCB. Discarded used oil from transformers of substation will be sent centralized store of DISCOM-East for auction to authorized oil recyclers of CPCB for disposal in environmentally sound manner.

178. Procurement of batteries for requirements of substations will be lead free batteries only to protect environment. However batteries management govern for bulk consumers, who purchase more than 100 batteries per annum under the Batteries (Management & Handling) amendment rules 2001 & amendments. These discarded batteries will be collected back by dealer / suppliers/ manufacturers. Discarded batteries from substation will be managed through centralized store of DISCOM-East for safe disposal in as per provision of above said act.

• Impacts on people

179. Use and handling of mineral oil for transformers may pose occupational and health risks to workers due to exposure. Delivery and acceptance of mineral oil will be accompanied by material safety data sheets and/or be certified that it is polychlorinated biphenyl-free. Fire extinguishers will be posted at designated locations in the storage areas for mineral oil. Workers will be provided with training on emergency preparedness.

67 CHAPTER 7

PUBLIC CONSULTATION AND INFORMATION DISCLOUSERS 180. Public consultations were conducted in semi-urban and rural areas with people living in the project-affected area in the month of December 2019, while updating IEE report. Various stakeholders such as DISCOM officials, relevant land departments and the block development officer of the project area were present during consultations. Some photographs of public consultation are given in Appendix-VI and sample attendance sheet for some substation sites are given in Appendix -VII. Concerns of local people were common and they include:

(i) Load shedding and lack of reliable and stable supply of their produce and livelihood, and (ii) Timely compensation to farmers affected during erection of the 11 KV DP & support PCC poles, and stringing of the distribution lines for feeder separation. The summary of public consultation in Feeder Separation Project Area is given in Table no-7.1. Table 7.1 Summary of Public Consultation

Sr. Site Location Date of No. of Response/ Feedback No Consultation Participants Gadarwara 10-12-2019 12 The villagers felt that the project 1 village would not have any negative Narsinghpur impact on food grain availability, district no negative impact on soil water, land use or migration pattern.

Lakhnadon People were happy with the 11-12-2019 07 2 Village project and they welcomed the District Seoni project.

Singhodi 09 No major concerns expressed by 3 village 13-12-2019 project surrounding people Chhindwara district

Gambhiriya Some people wanted to know if 13-12-2019 16 4 village construction can be carried out during non-cultivation season. District Sagar Assured that it is followed by EPC contractor

68 8 No major concerns expressed by Kheriya village 5 14-12-2019 project surrounding people Damoh district

Villagers expressed that the Ahar village 6 14-12-2019 15 project will not cause widespread Tikamgarh imbalance and will have no district adverse health and safety issues as well as any resettlement issues or any significant land acquisition. 7 The villagers felt that the project Panna 15-12-2019 10 would not have any negative impact on food grain availability, no negative impact on soil water, land use or migration pattern.

181. Majority of the villages are located at the tail end of the feeders and therefore they face many problems like low voltage, constant tripping, and burnouts. Load shedding is a major problem, which has an adverse impact on the farmers. In most villages, farmers use diesel engines for water extraction that increases the cost of irrigation. The villagers felt that the proposed project would solve the problems of low voltage and irregular supply of electricity.

182. Most villagers did not have any specific suggestion or criteria related design, operation, and construction. The villagers felt that transformers should be centrally located in the villages to reduce power loss and improve voltage and the old wires, which caused frequent disruption of power supply, should be replaced. The project should provide PVC covered cabled wiring to avoid power theft and should install meter for domestic and permanent agri-consumers. Among other criteria, few villagers suggested to have separate connection for domestic and agriculture with accurate billing and timely collection by DISCOM.

183. Almost all the villages covered during public consultation were optimistic that the employment potential would increase by 100% with regular supply of power. Most villagers felt that the current project will definitely lead to cultivation of more crops during offseason due to better irrigation facility and new varieties of crops thereby increasing productivity and will add to better incomes.

184. The villagers felt that the project would not have any negative impact on food grain availability, no negative impact on soil water, land use or migration pattern. They also expressed that the project will not cause widespread imbalance and will have no

69 adverse health and safety issues as well as any resettlement issues or any significant land acquisition.

185. All the villagers felt that the consultation was very useful and were very happy as they got an opportunity to share their views before the government officials. They felt that the consultation is useful for sharing views about the project and they felt confident that the DISCOMs are now serious about improvement in electricity supply. All participants during the consultation admitted that the local people would provide full cooperation and support the implementation of the project.

186. Local people are aware of the proposed project and are generally supportive due to expected benefits. Consultations with project stakeholders in varying degrees will continue throughout the life of the project. The proposed consultation plan during implementation is given in Table 7.2.

Table 7.2 Public Consultation Plan during Implementation

Project Activity Approach for Consultation Schedule Detailed survey (i.e., Informal meetings at different spot along the Pre- walk-over and Distribution line route (approx. 20-30 km) construction contractor) stage • Project brief and/or frequently asked questions (FAQs) in Hindi to be made publicly available in DISCOMs PMU field Construction Construction works offices Stage • Village or local informal meetings as needed • Flyers or information leaflets particularly on safety issues such as electric and Operation & magnetic field, maintenance of ROW, Operation maintenance pilferage or theft of power cable, etc. Stage • Press releases as and when needed • Response to public inquiries

187. The updated IEE will be posted to the website of ADB as required by SPS 2009 and Public Communications Policy 2011. A project factsheet or a frequently asked questions flyer in Hindi will be made available to the public at the DISCOM-East-PMU field office. The flyer will include among others, the information on grievance redress mechanism. Aside from these public disclosure requirements, the Right to Information Act 2005 of GoI also provides for additional obligation to DISCOM-East to provide information about

70 the project. Hindi translation of updated IEE report’s executive summary and EMP will be disclosed by the client, which will provide relevant environmental information in a timely manner, in an accessible place and in a form and language(s) understandable to affected people and other stakeholders. For illiterate people, other suitable communication methods will be used.

71 CHAPTER 8

GRIEVANCE REDRESS MECHANISM

188. Current Scenario: The DISCOM-East has their own process of handling complaints / grievance from their customers about the quality of delivery service. As well, DISCOM-East has an online complaint logging system and a Vigilance Cell for the same issues which do not include safeguards issues on project implementation. In case the issue is related to land, the Revenue Department of MP will be in charge of filing the complaint on behalf of the affected person(s) and submit the complaint to the concerning Nodal Officer of the DISCOM-East. To address the limitation, the PMUs of the DISCOM-East will establish a grievance redress mechanism (GRM) to handle complaints and/or grievances on safeguards issues associated with the implementation of the subprojects of DISCOM-East. Please refer circular of GRC committee formation in Appendix-VIII.

189. Goals: GRM shall provide an accessible platform for receiving and facilitating resolution of affected person’s grievances related to the project/ subproject. According to SPS 2009, the GRM will address concerns and complaints promptly, using an understandable and transparent process that is gender responsive, culturally appropriate and readily accessible to the affected persons at no costs and without retribution. GRM is normally incorporated in the compensation process due to land acquisition and temporary damages to crops and lands during construction but will also cover issues that may be raised on environmental issues such as increased level of dust and noise causing inconvenience to local people, traffic, or other relevant issues.

190. Composition: The GRM will have a grievance redress committee (GRC) set up by PMU in DISCOM-East as soon as the project commence and will continue to function from construction to operation phase. The GRC will consist of representatives from the local Panchayat Head, a District Revenue Commissioner, representative from the EPC Contractor(s) only during construction phase, designated staff on safeguards in the PMU of DISCOM-East, Director/ Nodal Officer of PMU in DISCOM-East, and a witness of the complainant/affected person. PMU in DISCOM-East will ensure the representation of women in the GRC.

191. Responsibilities: The GRC is expected to: (i) resolve issues on land acquisition (if any), compensation to temporary damages to crops and plants, and other use of land such as borrow areas for Distribution poles and substations; (ii) convene twice a

72 month to review complaints lodged (if any), (iii) record the grievances and resolve the issues within a month (30 days) from the date the grievance was filed, (iv) report to the complainant(s) the status of grievance resolution and the decisions made.

192. Procedures: Minor grievances on compensation or environmental issue during construction will be resolved onsite through the EPC Contractor(s) Project Site Engineer. As a formal process of grievance resolution, the procedure is given below and described in Figure 8.1.

i. Affected persons (APs) will be informed in writing by DISCOM-PMU (or designated representative) of the damages and entitlements for compensation. If the APs are satisfied, compensation can be claimed from DISCOM-PMU through the EPC Contractor(s). If the APs are not satisfied, they can request for clarification from DISCOM-PMU. If the APs are not convinced with the outcome, they can file the grievance to the GRC with the help of the DISCOM-PMU who will provide the written documentation. ii. The GRC will conduct a hearing of the grievance in the presence of the APs and will provide a decision within 15 days from the receipt of the complaint. Minutes of the meeting will be approved by the DISCOM-PMU and provided to the APs including the decision made by the GRC. If the APs are satisfied with the GRC decision, they can claim the compensation from the DISCOM-PMU and/or EPC Contractor(s). iii.e If th issue(s) remains unresolved, the case will be referred by the GRC to the appropriate Court of Law for settlement.

Figure 8.1: Processes for Grievance Redress Mechanism in the DISCOM-East

73 193. Area of Jurisdiction: GRC shall be set up at the Panchayat level where subprojects are proposed under DISCOM-East.

194. Record-keeping: Records shall be kept by the DISCOM-E-PMU of all grievances received including contact details of complainant, date the complaint was received, nature of grievance, agreed corrective actions and the date these were effected, and final outcome. Documentation of the grievances filed and resolved will be summarized and included in the semi-annual monitoring reports submitted to ADB during construction stage and annually during operation stage. Records of grievances are not recorded till project executed. The PMU shall observe that records of grievances are maintained regularly, if come in notice.

195. Disclosure of Information: DISCOM-E-PMU will inform the APs on grievance redress procedure, who to contact and when, where and how to file a grievance, time likely to be taken for redressal of minor and major grievances, etc. Grievances received and responses provided will be documented and provided to the APs during the process. The number of grievances recorded and resolved and the outcomes will be displayed/disclosed in the field offices of DISCOM-E-PMU and offices of the concerned local Panchayat and District Revenue Office (if required).

196. Review of the Process: DISCOM-E-PMU will periodically review the implementation of the GRM and record information on the effectiveness of the mechanism, especially on the projects ability to prevent and address grievances.

197. Cost of Implementation: Costs involved in resolving the complaints (meetings, consultations, communication and reporting/information dissemination) will be borne by DISCOM-East-PMU. The cost of implementation will be taken from the administration cost included in the total cost of the resettlement plan (RP) for the project. If the administration cost is not adequate, the budget will be taken from the contingency cost of the RP.

74 CHAPTER 9

ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

9.1 Mitigation Measures

198. The mitigation measures for the corresponding environmental impacts identified are presented in Table 9.1. There is no change in ADB-approved environmental management plan (EMP) and the same has been implemented by respective civil works contractors.

9.2 Environmental Monitoring

199. During the construction stage, environmental monitoring will be a half yearly process to ensure that non-compliance to the EMP by the EPC Contractor(s) if any will be avoided and/or immediately addressed. The results of monitoring will be submitted to ADB twice a year during construction and annually during operation as required by SPS 2009.

200. Monitoring and maintenance of the power Distribution system during operation ensure the integrity and safety of the structures and components, thus, minimizing safety risks to the public and damage to properties. Table 9.2 gives a summary of the environmental monitoring plan.

9.3 Implementation Arrangements

201. Currently, DISCOM-East has a PMU responsible for procurement, feasibility assessments, and bid planning. PMU staffs are aware of safeguards issues and compliance but there is no staff designated to deal with these concerns. The Madhya Pradesh Poorv Keshtra Vidyut Vitaran Co. Limited, Jabalpur (DISCOM-East) will serve as the executing agencies (EAs) and implementing agencies (IAs) for the project. DISCOM-East has established project management units (PMUs) to implement the ADB loans in Distribution System Improvement Program. They will continue as PMUs of the proposed project. 202. Field level staff/engineer will be deputed at divisional level who will assume primary responsibility as Nodal Officer for the environmental and social assessment as well as implementation of RPs for their respective components. Keeping in view the capacity of DISCOM-East and its existing PMU, it is proposed that each PMU will designate a Overall implementation of the EMP will be carried out under the supervision of the Project Director-ADB/ Nodal Officer-PMU. A Nodal Officer (or a Consultant), who will be primarily responsible for ensuring that the EMP is properly implemented, will be deputed 75 for the project prior to award of the civil works contract. Nodal officer will coordinate and interact with Project Director-ADB/PMU on compliance to ADB requirements, relevant government agencies and local authorities on permits (as needed), update and finalize the draft IEE, and will prepare environmental monitoring reports for submission to ADB at least twice a year during construction and annually during operation. The Nodal Ofiicers/ PMUs will be responsible for managing the site activities related to safeguards and will work closely with the field level staff.

203. EPC Contractor(s) will be informed of their responsibility to comply with the EMP and the requirements of ADB. There are specific responsibilities for EMP compliance during construction phase that will rest with the Contractor who will be monitored by the Nodal officer / environmental consultant of the project.

• EMP Budget:

204. As part of good engineering practices in the project, there have been several measures as safety, signage, dust suppression, procurement of personal protective equipment, provision of drains, etc. and the costs for which will be included in the design costs of specific subprojects. Therefore, these items of costs have not been included in the IEE budget. Only those items that are not covered under budget for construction are considered in the updated IEE report.

205. This project is not expected to cause much significant air, water and noise pollution. However, as per the environmental monitoring plan, routine environmental quality monitoring shall be conducted by the PMC/ Contractor through an NABL accredited/ MoEF&CC approved under EPA act 1986 / MPPCB authorized monitoring agencies. For distribution lines, there will not be major issues as only small foundations are dug for each PCC pole but for substation sites, moderate civil works are carried out, hence environmental quality monitoring becomes a necessity. The costs of water sprinkling for dust suppression and providing personal protective equipment’s to construction workers shall be borne by contractor as part of conditions of contract.

76 Table 9.1: Environmental Management Plan

77 AAAC/ACSR • People • Physical conductor by displacement of AB cable people and XLPE 50 structures sqmm / 25 Sq • Economic loss to mm / 16 sq people mm on • Disturbance and existing 3- inconvenience to phase LV line people due to for 4383km traffic, increased • Providing noise and dust 105027 levels, vibration meters for • Interference to new & existing utilities existing • Water • Interference to connections local drainage with • Water quality renovation of impacts due to service lines erosion and/or (includes sedimentation 10% of the • Air • Increase dust existing and noise levels, consumers & and vibration new • connections) Emissions from heavy equipment • Choice of machinery and equipment construction and vehicles technology Construction Stage Orientation for • People • Awareness of • Conduct briefing of EPC Included in EPC contractor and workers on the Contractor(s) on EMP, records the costs of Contractor(s), workers environmental management, and reporting EPC PMUs of requirements and • Identify critical areas to be Contractor DISCOM-E their monitored and the required (s) Environmental responsibility. mitigation measures staff/consultant • Understanding of • Create awareness of sexually- in PMU EPC transmitted diseases such as Contractor(s) of HIV/AIDs their responsibility in implementing the EMP Prepare People • Avoid effects of • Temporary pedestrian and traffic Included in EPC construction EPC management plan Community and the costs of Contractor(s), management Contractor(s) safety plan EPC PMUs of work plan unplanned Contractor DISCOM-E Land • Spoils disposal plan activities (s ) Air • Smooth work • Noise and dust control plan Environmental Water implementation • Drainage and storm staff/consultant water management plan in PMU Waste • Materials management plan Construction waste management plan Hiring of • People • Conflict due to • EPC Contractor(s) will be required ---- EPC project staff potential to use local labour for manual Contractor(s), and workers workers‟ work and eligible local workforce PMUs of migration for clerical and office jobs DISCOM-E • Lack of local Environmental support to the staff / project consultant in • Dispute over PMU transparency of hiring

Environme ntal Description of Project Compone Potential Mitigation/Enhancement Estimated Responsible Activity nt Likely Environmental Measures Cost Unit to be Impact Affected Presence of • People • Increase in • None required ------workers at demand for construction services such sites as food, temporary housing, etc. • Create opportunities for small-scale business to provide services such as food, temporary housing, etc. • Site • People • Feeder • Construction management plan Included in EPC preparation, Separation will be strictly implemented the costs of Contractor(s), vegetation comprising • Use of proper safety EPC PMUs of and land construction of clothes/equipment in dismantling Contractor( DISCOM-E clearing for new 33/11 KV structure(s) and equipment s ) feeder substation, 11 • Debris/dismantled Environmental separation KV lines and structures/equipment will be staff / line right-of- rehabilitation disposed of in designated landfill consultant in way (ROW) and upgrades of and/or controlled dumpsites PMU existing 11 KV • Usable scrap materials from • Installation lines dismantling will be stored in of new warehouses of DISCOM-E in distribution Jabalpur for resale/auction transformer s and conversion of bare conductor LV lines to aerial bundled cables • Supply of Quality Improveme nt & Metering comprising mapping of distribution assets & associated global positioned system

Environme ntal Description of Project Compone Potential Mitigation/Enhancement Estimated Responsible Activity nt Likely Environmental Measures Cost Unit to be Impact Affected (GPS) surveys, • Potential • Provide fence or barricade (as installation of safety risks to appropriate), sufficient lights, clear meters, community warning signs and danger signals, network and take all precautions identified management in the community and safety plan improvement • Assign security personnel to of systems at prevent accidents, trespassing, 11 KV and pilferage • EPC Contractor(s) to direct drivers to strictly follow road regulations • Interference • Danger and clearly visible warning with road signs will be posted at designated crossings sites • Scaffoldings will be placed over road crossing points • Construction vehicles to strictly follow road regulations • Implement temporary pedestrian and traffic management plan

80 Environme ntal Description of Project Compone Potential Mitigation/Enhancement Estimated Responsible Activity nt Likely Environmental Measures Cost Unit to be Impact Affected erosion-control measures will be provided (as needed) • Implement spoils disposal plan and construction waste management plan • Water • Generation of • Avoidance of waterways in site sewage from selection construction • Provide sanitary facilities to workers workers and safe drinking water • Localized • Construction works will done flooding during summer in areas potential • Increase for erosion and localized flooding turbidity in • Implement drainage and storm surface water water management plan near • Waterways were avoided in construction selecting subproject sites sites • Air • Heavy • Construction vehicles will be equipment and maintained to minimize vehicular construction emissions vehicles may • Enclose construction sites increase temporarily to contain dust vehicular dispersion emissions • Warehouse for construction • Transport of materials onsite will be provided to construction reduce trips of material delivery materials to • EPC Contractor(s) will be required constructions to maintain construction vehicles sites may and heavy equipment machineries increase dust regularly to reduce emissions level • Opened land areas or sources of • Earthmoving dust will be sprayed with water (as works, needed) excavations, • Transport of dust-generating and opened materials will be covered land areas for • Observance of low speed by substations and vehicles to reduce noise poles may • Noise-generating works will be increase dust done between 7AM and 7PM levels done at daytime as required by • Increase in EPA act 1986 & amendments. noise level and • Construction sites will be covered vibration from with acoustic screens and excavation and machineries will be temporarily heavy enclosed to control noise (MPPCB equipment and guidelines, February 2013) construction • Require EPC Contractor(s) to vehicles maintain and tune-up construction vehicles to reduce noise and no blowing of horns • Observe/comply with traffic management plan Operation and Maintenance Stage Use of mineral • Land • Accidental • Provision of oil-water separator Included in MP-DISCOM- oil for • Water spillage that • Provide for oil containment the O & M E transformers would structure costs of contaminate Project land and water

Environme ntal Description of Project Compone Potential Mitigation/Enhancement Estimated Responsible Activity nt Likely Environmental Measures Cost Unit to be Impact Affected • People • Occupational • Acceptance of mineral oil should be health risks to accompanied with Material workers due to • Data Safety Sheets and/or be exposure certified that it is PCB-free • Fire extinguishers readily available in storage areas for mineral oil

• Potential • EMF levels expected to be way Included in MP-DISCOM- exposure to below the limits set by the O & M E electric and International Commission on costs of magnetic fields Non-Ionizing Radiation Project (EMF) Protection(ICNRP) which is 4.17 • Generation of kV/m for electric field and 833 employment mG for magnetic field • Spot measurements of EMF • Substations will be fenced and security staff assigned to prevent unauthorized public access • Information and education campaign will be conducted to local people to create awareness on safety practices 82

Environme ntal Description of Project Compone Potential Mitigation/Enhancement Estimated Responsible Activity nt Likely Environmental Measures Cost Unit to be Impact Affected • Noise • Disturbance to • More than 80 positions will be Included in MP-DISCOM- settlements created during the operation the O & M E near the • Periodic maintenance of costs of substations equipment such as transformers Project and capacitors to minimize noise generation • Provide enclosure of noise- generating equipment • Monitor ambient noise levels

Table- 9.2: Environmental Monitoring Plan

Soil quality feeder Sampling and chemical Once PMUs of MP separation 11 analysis DISCOM-E KV & LV lines

Quality of 11 KV DP & Material Safety Data Once PMUs of MP transformer Transformers Sheet – compliance to DISCOM-E oil IS:1866 Loss of 33/11 KV Ocular inspection, Once PMUs of MP terrestrial and substation, transect survey DISCOM-E aquatic feeder habitat separation 11 KV & LV lines Pre- Construction and Planning Proximity to 33/11 KV Ocular inspection, maps Once PMUs of MP water substation DISCOM-E resources , feeder separation 11 KV & LV lines Routes of 33/11 KV Ocular survey/observation, Quarterly to PMUs of MP migratory substation, secondary data capture DISCOM-E birds feeder seasonal separation 11 variations KV & LV lines Local 33/11 KV Number of local workers Monthly PMUs of MP recruitment of substation, and staff recruited DISCOM-E; EPC workers and feeder Contractor(s) staff separation 11 KV & LV lines Construction Orientation of 33/11 KV Number of participants Once before PMUs of MP Contractor(s) substation, construction, DISCOM-E; EPC and workers Contractor(s)

Responsibility Project Parameter/ Location Method of Measurement Frequency (Implementation Stage Indicator and Supervision) on issues like separation 11 HIV/AIDS, KV & LV lines compliance to EMP, etc. Spraying of Road Ocular inspection/spot • Weekly at PMUs of MP water to easements checks road DISCOM-E; EPC opened land affected by easements Contractor(s) areas before delivery of (or as movement of equipment and needed) construction construction • Every day vehicles material; at distribution substation poles (if sites during needed); dry season stringing of conductors Solid waste Workers’ camps, Ocular inspection/spot Every week PMUs of MP management stringing of checks DISCOM-E; EPC conductors, Contractor(s) distribution poles Danger and Road Ocular inspection/spot Once a PMUs of MP warning signs easements checks month DISCOM-E; EPC for safety of affected by Contractor(s) workers and delivery of the public equipment and construction material; distribution poles; stringing of conductors Announcement Road easement Work schedule log sheet As needed PMUs of MP to the public of affected by DISCOM-E; EPC works interconnections Contractor(s) schedule of distribution lines, poles, and stringing of conductors

Ambient Air 33/11 KV Monitoring through MoEF Semi- PMUs of MP Quality & substation, approved Environmental annually till DISCOM-E; EPC Noise Level feeder Laboratories completion of Contractor(s) Monitoring separation 11 project. KV & LV lines Housekeeping 33/11 KV Ocular inspection/spot Weekly PMUs of MP substation checks DISCOM-E; EPC Contractor(s)

84 feeder separation 11 KV & LV lines & worker camps Failure of Along the Maintenance log sheet Monthly MP DISCOM-E Distribution alignment poles and/or distribution lines Ambient Air 33/11 KV Monitoring through MoEF As needed PMUs of MP Quality substation approved Environmental DISCOM-E; EPC Monitoring ( Major Areas) Laboratories Contractor(s) Occupational 33/11 KV Number of accidents Semi- MP DISCOM-E health, and substation, and/or injuries annually safety feeder separation 11 KV & LV lines Tree planting, 33/11 KV Ocular inspection Quarterly MP DISCOM-E maintenance substation, of green feeder landscape separation 11 KV & LV lines Housekeeping 33/11 KV Spot checks Monthly MP DISCOM-E

substation, feeder separation 11 KV & LV lines Operation Collection of 33/11 KV O & M log sheet Quarterly MP DISCOM-E waste (i.e., oil, substation, garbage, etc.) feeder separation 11 KV & LV lines Bird collision / Along the Spot checks/observations Monthly MP DISCOM-E electrocution feeder separation poles and distribution alignment Pilferage of Along feeder Ocular inspection; O&M Quarterly MP DISCOM-E cables separation log sheet (security poles and operations) distribution lines

85 CHAPTER 10

FIELD BASED ENVIRONMENTAL DUE DILIGENCE

206. The DISCOM-East was started implementation of subproject in 2010 and 2011 under ADB loan- 2830 with priority of identification of project location and implementation of the project in a time bound manner. During the progress of subproject implementation, original scope of work has been reduced as per on actual surveys & site conditions except for the 33 kV Component. Updated scope of work has been described in following subprojects going on as under: • Extension of 210 nos.11 kV bay in existing 33/11 kV substation • 11 kV line on 140 kg, 8 m PCC pole with DP for 7229 km • 25 kVA, 11/0.433 kV, 3-phase distribution transformer substation with metering for 6620 nos. • LV line 3-phase 5-wire overhead using AB cable XLPE 50 sqmm / 25 sq mm on PCC pole 140 kg, 8 m for 91 kms • Replacement of AAAC/ACSR conductor by AB cable XLPE 50 sqmm / 25 sqm m / 16 sq mm on existing 3-phase LV line for 4383 kms • Providing 105027 meters for new & existing connections with renovation of service lines • Upstream 33 kV network strengthening by constructing 108.71 km of 33 kV line on H beam (152x152 mm), 201 nos. of 33 kV DP on H beam (152x152 mm), 654.06 km of 33 kV line on PCC pole with Dog conductor, 1236 nos. of 33 kV DP structure on PCC pole, 33 kV bay at EHV substations and 57 nos. 33 KV Line ( No of feeders)

207. This section ascertains presence of any residual environmental impacts due to implementation of works on account of changes scope as described above, and suggests appropriate, time-bound corrective measures to address those residual environmental impacts. The various aspects that would be considered for such field- based environmental due diligence has been work out & elaborated in next paragraphs.

208. It has confirmed that contractor’s contract agreement includes EMP for implementation of feeder separation subprojects of DISCOM-East under sub-clause-of special condition of contract for work contract agreement under the contractor responsibility for compliances of all applicable national, provincial & local environmental

86 laws & regulations.

209. Status of statutory permission applicable for the sub-project(s), as per EIA Notification 2006 and its subsequent amendment of MOEF&CC, no environmental clearance is required for substation & distribution system. All subproject locations are in government wasteland & away from protected reserved forest. There is no requirement of forest clearance. Detailed status of statutory applicability are summarized and presented in Table no 10.1.

Table 10.1: Status of Environmental Regulatory Requirements.

S. Relevant Govt. Compliance requirement Compliance No. Notifications under the Rule Status /Rules 1. EIA Notification All development projects listed Feeder Separation Projects 2006,as in schedule 1 of EIA (Transmission & amended Notification Needs to get prior distribution) are excluded Environmental Clearance. from the Schedule 1 of EIA Notification 2006 2. Batteries As per Rule 10(2),it shall be Will be disposed off as per Management and the responsibility of the bulk the provisions of rules Handling consumer to : (i)ensure that framed under EPA for Amendment used batteries are not disposed disposal of scrap batteries Rules 2010 off in any manner other than through sale of authorized by depositing with the dealer/ firm. manufacturer/ registered Scraped equipment’s are recycler disposed through Metal /importer/ re-conditioner or Scrap Trading Corporation at the designated collection (MSTS), a Govt. of India centers,- and undertaking. (ii) file half-yearly return in Form VIII to the State Board.

87 3. Hazardous Used/burned transformer oils Used/burned oil of Waste to be disposed off in transformer is being (Management and accordance with the disposed off as per the Handling) Second Hazardous Waste provisions of the Amendment Rules (Management and Handling) Hazardous Waste 2009 Rules (Management and Handling) Rules 4. Ozone Depleting Avoid equipment’s using CFCs and PCBs are not Substance CFCs/PCBs as per Ozone used in any equipment. (Regulation & Depleting Substance The equipment’s are as Control) Rules (Regulation & Control) Rules per latest BIS 2000 specifications that comply with international standards, particularly with respect to avoiding use of PCBs. 5. Air Prevention Compliance to National The project does not and Control of Ambient Air Quality Standard generate any trade effluent Pollution or air pollutant in to the Act,1981 with atmosphere. The only Rules potential impact assessed is increase in airborne dust particles due to construction of roads for accessibility if any. No construction of roads for accessibility, the existing roads and tracks are being used for construction and maintenance access under the project.

88 6. Water (Prevention Prevention and Control of The project does not and Control of Water Pollution generate any trade effluent Pollution) Act in to the receiving waters. 1974 with rules No new construction facility for construction workers involved that can cause contamination of receiving waters. 7. Noise Pollution Compliance with Ambient Construction techniques (Regulation & Noise Standards in accordance and machinery creating Control)Rules,2000 to land use of the area minimal sound disturbance that remains always within the permissible limits. No complaints received from the locals.

210. Contractors were involved in deployment of manpower for execution of subprojects under feeder separation project having valid labor license under Madhya Pradesh labor laws (Amendment) and Miscellaneous Provisions Act 2015 in state of MP. All contractors were also having workmen compensation insurance policy for manpower engaged in construction site, including EPF, ESI & minimum wages applicable for contractor employees. 211. Executing agency is ensuring compliance of EMP mentioned in table no-10.2 by respective contractors at different project stages during pre-construction, construction and operation stage of the sub-project(s). DISCOM-east will continue monitoring of implantation of EMP by contractors for ongoing implementation of project & also in operation stages of subprojects.

89 Table 10.2: EMP Compliances Status of Project.

S. Proposed Mitigation Status of Implementation Measures for No Measure Improvement 1 PCBs not used in Transformers or other Phased out materials are transformers or other project facilities or disposed off through project facilities or equipment’s do not use approved agencies as equipment’s Processes, PCBs. per the provisions of equipment and systems hazardous Wastes not to use Rules. Latest BIS or chlorofluorocarbons equivalent international (CFCs), including halogen standard is specified for Use of PCBs and CFCs in all equipment’s and the existing systems should project facilities be phased out and to be disposed of in a manner consistent with the requirements of the government.

2 Careful route selection to As part of the detailed survey Each circle CEO and avoid existing settlements and line alignment selection, contractor’s designated consultations with local environmental officer are people were carried out. New ensuring the same. lines and substations proposed under this project are located without any impact on settlement. 3 Involuntary resettlement or Involuntary resettlement land Acquisition or land acquisition not NA required for this project.

4 Avoid encroachment into No precious ecologically precious ecological areas sensitive areas/wildlife NA by careful site and sanctuary area is involved. alignment selection 5 Avoid encroachment into Reserve forest area is not NA Forestland. involved. 6 Avoid encroachment into Detailed survey and line Farmland alignment selection were made with minimum or no NA impact on farmland.

90 7 Better design to ensure Latest BIS or equivalent noise will not be a nuisance national or international standards are specified for all equipment’s and project NA facilities.

8 Appropriate placement of In majority of the cases, the poles to avoid drainage/ line alignment finalized along

channel interference the existing line without affecting the natural drainage During detailed survey, consultations were made with NA local people. 9 Equipment specification Equipment’s purchased under with respect to potential the project do not contain pollutants PCB or CFC. Latest BIS or equivalent international standards are adopted for the NA equipment’s and other project facilities.

Construction 10 Equipment specification No heavy equipment’s are with respect to potential used in the construction NA pollutants works under the project. Line works involved some minor works like digging of pit, etc.

11 Construction activities to Works were carried out after Contractors have been be scheduled to avoid harvesting to avoid any made responsible to disturbance to farming damage to farming activities. maintain a channel of activity Contractors have been made communication with the responsible for ensuring communities to address avoidance of disturbance to any concern or farming activities. No grievances and try to complaint from farmers resolve it as soon as regarding damage of farming possible and also ensure activities. the availability of register for public complaints at the site office.

91 12 Construction equipment to Equipment/vehicle is EMP has been made be well maintained and turn employed in the construction part of the contract and of the plant not in use to the contractor has been in the construction works. avoid noise, vibration and made responsible for Project works are being operator safety. implementation of the carried out only during day EMP. Contractor will time. No heavy equipment’s use equipment’s and are used in the construction vehicles complying with work. Environmental standards. 13 Existing roads and tracks Established roads and EMP has been made used for construction and tracks are being used, the part of the contract and Maintenance should be contractors have not the contractor has been used to access to the constructed any new made responsible for project site. access road for these implementation of the project activities. EMP.

14 Marking of vegetation to Strict control observed on be removed prior to site clearance activities by the clearance and strict control project authorities to ensure on clearance activities to minimal clearances. ensure minimal clearances

15 Trees allowed growing up No trees cut/removed for the EMP has been made part to a height within the project. Trimmings of of the contract and the ROW by maintaining branches of trees are to be contractor has been adequate clearance required only as operation made responsible for between the top of tree and and maintenance activity. implementation of the the regulator as per the EMP. regulations. Trees that can survive pruning should be pruned instead of clearing. 16 Construction workers Included on the bid prohibited from harvesting document. No labour camps wood in the project area established for the project. Generally Contractor employs local Labors and used the facilities available on site.

17 Dispose scrap materials Having the authorization from such as batteries, MPPCB for the disposal of transformers, conductors, hazardous materials and capacitors etc in scrap batteries. Scrap Environmentally sound materials will be disposed off manner in accordance with provisions of applicable laws.

92 18 Tree clearances for No trees cut/removed easement establishment to for the project. only involve cutting trees off at ground level 19 Excavated earth to be Minor civil construction works stored and reused for back involved. Contract clauses filling specified the best management construction practices.

20 Fuels and other hazardous Contract clauses specified materials to be stored the best Management above high flood level construction practices.

21 Noisy construction activities Project works are being _ shall be carried out during Carried out only during day time daytime.

22 Construction workforce No workers camp - facilities to include proper established. Local workers sanitation, water supply were employed as far as and waste disposal facilities possible. No complaints received so far. Part of contract and the contractor has to implement it. 23 Existing irrigation facilities Minor civil construction works EMP has been made are to be maintained Use involved, established roads part of the contract and existing access roads for and tracks are being used. the contractor has been transportation of materials The existing infrastructural made responsible for Protect/preserve top soil facilities are maintained implementation of the and reinstate after without damaging its EMP. construction completed originality. Repair/reinstate damaged bunds etc. after construction. 24 Take measures to prevent Minor civil construction works erosion and /or silt run off involved, No erosion causing Limit site clearing to work works carried out area regeneration of vegetation to stabilize work areas on completion Avoidance of Excavation in wet season. Water courses protected from siltation through use of bunds and sediments ponds.

25 Careful construction Incorporated in contract practices to avoid loss document and implemented to neighboring properties through contractor No Productive land to be complaints received reinstated after regarding loss of neighboring construction land uses. Compensation for loss of Production 26 Existing borrow sites will No borrow site developed for - be used to source the project. Incorporated in aggregates therefore no contract document and need to develop new implemented through sources for aggregates. contractor. 27 Ensure health and Works are being carried out - safety of Workers under best management construction practices. Safety Manuals/safety day celebrations are being in practice by the contractors. 28 Training to the DISCOM Regular Environmental monitoring Participation/organization of Personnel the trainings programs will be ensured. 29 Effective Environmental Effective Environmental Check list-based monitoring system using Monitoring System under the monitoring has been checklist project has been placed. All initiated and maintained the contractors have been by the Contractors and made responsible to strictly PIUs. implement the EMP along with the project and Contractor’s designated Environmental/safety Officer will be responsible for monthly reporting and monitoring of EMP implementation to PIU. Similarly all the circle SEs(O&M) have been designated/ authorized to work as an Environmental officers under the ADB Projects and the designated officer will be responsible for EMP‟s Environmental compliances, Monitoring and Reporting.

94 30 Creation of The Environmental and - Environmental and Social Social Management Unit Cell , headed by Chief (ESMU) has been Officer of DISCOM for reconstituted headed by implementation and the Project Director. monitoring of EMP

212. Effective Environmental Monitoring Plan under the project has already been in placed. Implementation of environmental mitigation measures is strictly followed for the subprojects as per agreed monitoring plan. As the civil construction works under the subproject are very meager, the Environmental pollution warranting monitoring of ambient air quality, surface water quality and noise level were not experienced. Environmental quality monitoring will be conducted by contractors only at places where public complaint arises. Complaints from the affected person were identified as the performance indicator. No complaints were received so far against, distribution lines alignment selection and impact due to the construction activities under this project.

213. Public consultations during project implementation have been carried out and more than 40 persons have been consulted to know about the environment impact and general socioeconomics of the proposed investment program. It has observed most of people were positive, satisfied & supportive towards subproject going on for benefits of local people for power requirements, creation of employment & local area developments.

214. Status of grievances reviewed no complaints about environmental pollution or nuisance caused by the sub-project activities were received so far. Hence the grievance redressed committee constituted had not received any representation from the public or stack holders of the project. Complaint register has been maintained at each local project office for registering the complaints.

215. Based on the field based environmental due diligence, it is concluded that the subprojects of DISCOM- East have no residual environmental impact due to the updated/executed scope of works.

95 CHAPTER 11

CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

216. Aside from best engineering practice and survey approaches in selecting the feeder separation 11 KV lines, site selection criteria checklist/questionnaire was included to minimize environmental impacts. Based on study & evaluation, following conclusions & recommendation are summarized.

217. Project of feeder separation project does not fall list of project activities, which require obtaining Environmental Clearances from MoEFCC/ MPPCB under the EIA act 2006 & amendments, GOI. Under the SPS 2009, the project continues to be category B on environment requiring the updation of ADB-approved initial environmental examination (IEE) report.

218. None of the subproject is located within or passing through any protected areas. However some feeder/distribution lines lies within 10 km of the Wildlife Sanctuaries but there would be no impact on the Wildlife Sanctuary due to this project since there shall be no land acquisition with in the Wildlife Sanctuaries.

219. All project components do not affect / damage vegetation, aquatic system. Also project activities are stopped during cultivation/ harvesting season to avoid any loss of crops. Also proposed project components / activities do not effect to indigenous people & any settlements.

220. No air, water & soil pollution expected from proposed project activities in construction phase. Minimum manpower required for project construction, hence very less sewage quantity were generated from construction workers of proposed project activities & managed from well-connected nearby public toilet facilities to use.

221. Noise pollution from project activities was very normal as observed during site visits for extension bay of existing substations as well within range of prescribed limit of noise level 75 dB (day time) in operational phase of substation.

222. No major dug of land will be required for 140 kg PCC pole of distribution lines, as it generally requires less than 1 cum only for excavation & foundation. Height of PCC pole was maintained 8 m, including distances of two poles in line of applicable Indian standards Codes for power transmission & distribution line network.

96 223. During updating of IEE report phase, feeder separation distribution lines routes were not recorded any crossing of river & railway line. Alignment distribution lines route was laid along the road to avoid the road crossing, where it is required height of pole maintained 8 meter long.

224. Public and scientific concern over the potential health effects associated with exposure to EMF high voltage power distribution lines and substations, there is no empirical data demonstrating adverse health effects from exposure to typical EMF levels from power transmissions / distribution lines and equipment EMFs occur in nature but current environmental exposure to man-made sources of EMF has progressively increased due to the overwhelming use of electricity and wireless technologies. A human body is exposed to a complex mix of EMFs at various frequencies during lifetime. However, while the evidence of adverse health risks is weak, it is still sufficient to warrant limited concern.

225. Mitigation measures and monitoring to minimize environmental impacts have been incorporated in the environmental management plan and monitoring plan. Environmental monitoring report was submitted by DISCOM-East to ADB semi- annually during project implementation and annually during operation. An environmental consultant will provide technical support to DISCOM-East-PMU in addressing relevant environment issues and within requirements of ADB.

226. Transformer & 11 KV DP do not involve polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). The extra 7229 km of 11 kV distribution lines for feeder separation has been followed the road easements and will not incur major disturbance during the installation of poles and stringing of conductors.

227. The subproject included by the DISCOM- East is not expected to cause significant adverse environmental impacts during construction and operation. Impacts associated with construction phase can be easily mitigated by proper planning and best practices in construction engineering.

97 Appendix - I

Appendix – I Updated Rapid Environmental Assessment (REA) Checklist of Subprojects

Substation & Distribution Lines Instructions (i) The project team completes this checklist to support the environmental classification of a project. (ii) This checklist focuses on environmental issues and concerns. (iii) Answer the questions assuming the "without mitigation" case. The purpose is to identify potential impacts. Use the "remarks" section to discuss any anticipated mitigation measures Country / Project M.P. Energy Efficiency Improvement Investment Program-(Trench-2) Title Under ADB Loan- 2830 Sector / Division / DISCOM-East , Jabalpur EA Sub Project Background: Screening Question Yes No Remark A. Project Siting Is the Project area adjacent to or within any of the following environmentally sensitive areas? Cultural heritage site √ None of the lines are located near to any cultural heritage sites or ASI protected monuments Protected Area √ None of the subproject are located within or passing through any protected areas. However some feeder/distribution lines lies within 10 km of the Wildlife Sanctuaries but there would be no impact on the Wildlife Sanctuary due to this project since there shall be no land acquisition with in the Wildlife Sanctuaries. Wetland √ None of the proposed lines are located within or close to or passing through any wetlands.

Mangrove √ None of the proposed lines are located within or close to or passing through any mangrove areas. Estuarine √ None of the proposed lines are located within or close to or passing through any estuarine areas Buffer Region of Protected √ None of the proposed lines are located within Areas or close to or passing through any buffer Region of protected areas

98 Special Area for Protecting √ None of the proposed lines are located within Biodiversity or close to or passing through any special area for protecting biodiversity

B. Potential Environmental Impacts will the Project cause

Encroachment on √ None of the proposed lines are located near to historical/cultural areas, any heritage / cultural areas or ASI protected disfiguration of landscape and monuments increased waste generation? Encroachment on precious √ None of the proposed lines are located within ecosystem (e.g. sensitive or or close to or passing through precious protected areas)? ecosystem Alteration of surface water √ No such impacts are envisaged due the hydrology of waterways crossed proposed sub-projects. by roads and resulting in increased sediment in streams affected by increased soil erosion at the construction site? Damage to sensitive √ No submarines cables proposed in these coastal/marine habitats by works. construction of submarine cables? Deterioration of surface water √ No such impacts due to the proposed quality due to silt runoff, sanitary subprojects. No chemicals proposed to be wastes from worker-based used during construction. No labor camps camps and chemicals used in expected to be setup for these works construction? Increased local air pollution due √ No such impacts are envisaged due the to rock crushing, cutting and proposed sub-projects since no rock crushing, filling? cutting or filling related works envisaged. The construction material will be obtained from statutorily approved sources Risks and vulnerabilities related √ The environmental management plan will to occupational health and provide requisite mitigation measures to safety due to physical, chemical, address issues related with occupational health biological, and radiological and safety during project construction and hazards during project operation. construction and operation? Chemical pollution resulting from √ Chemical cleaning of vegetation is not chemical clearing of vegetation envisaged in the proposed works. for construction site? Noise and vibration due to √ No blasting works are proposed. blasting and other civil works? Dislocation or involuntary √ No such impacts are envisaged due to the resettlement of people? proposed sub-projects.

99 Disproportionate imp a c t s on √ No such impacts are envisaged due the the poor, women and children, proposed sub-projects. Indigenous Peoples or other vulnerable groups? Social conflicts relating to √ No such impacts are envisaged due to the inconveniences in living proposed sub-projects. However, if any such conditions where construction impacts are noticed during implementation, the interferes with pre-existing same will be addressed immediately. The roads? relevant mitigation measures will be included in the environmental management plan. Hazardous driving conditions √ No such impacts are envisaged due to the where construction interferes proposed sub-projects. However, if any such with pre-existing roads? impacts are noticed during implementation, the same will be addressed immediately. The relevant mitigation measures will be included in the environmental management plan Creation of temporary breeding √ No such impacts are envisaged due to the habitats for vectors of disease proposed sub-projects. such as mosquitoes and rodents? Dislocation and compulsory √ No any Land acquition is required. There is no resettlement of people living in any provision of new substation. right-of-way of the distribution lines & substations? Environmental disturbances √ The relevant mitigation measures will be associated with the maintenance included in the environmental management of lines (e.g. routine control of plan. vegetative height under the lines)? Facilitation of access to √ No such impacts are envisaged due the protected areas in case corridors proposed sub-projects. However, if any such traverse protected areas? impacts are noticed during implementation, the same will be addressed immediately. No works will commence prior to obtaining relevant statutory permission. Disturbances (e.g. noise and √ No such impacts are envisaged due the chemical pollutants) if herbicides proposed sub-projects. However, if any such are used to control vegetative impacts are noticed during implementation, the height? same will be addressed immediately. No herbicides are proposed to be used to control vegetative growth. Large population influx during √ No such impacts are envisaged due the project construction and proposed sub-projects. However, if any such operation that cause increased impacts are noticed during implementation, the burden on social infrastructure same will be addressed immediately. The and services (such as water environment management plan will include

100 supply and sanitation systems)? relevant mitigation measures Social conflicts if workers from √ No such impacts are envisaged due the other regions or countries are proposed sub-projects. The local labor will be hired? given preference. A very limited number of workers from other regions may be engaged for highly skilled works. However, if any such impacts are noticed during implementation, the same will be addressed immediately Poor sanitation and solid waste √ The relevant mitigation measures will be disposal in construction camps included in environmental management plan and work sites, and possible to ensure adequate facilities including health. transmission of communicable Related impacts are provided to labor in diseases from workers to local construction camps and work sites populations? Risks to community safety √ No such impacts are envisaged due the associated with maintenance of proposed sub-projects. However, if any such lines and related facilities? impacts are noticed during implementation, the same will be addressed immediately. The environment management plan will include relevant mitigation measures. Community health hazards due √ No such impacts are envisaged due the to electromagnetic fields, land proposed sub-projects. Since the proposed subsidence, lowered distribution lines are of 33 kV and 11 KV, no groundwater table, and electromagnetic field related impacts are salinization? envisaged. Risks to community health and √ No such impacts are envisaged due the safety due to the transport, proposed sub-projects. However, if any such storage, and use and/or disposal impacts are noticed during implementation, the of materials such as explosives, same will be addressed immediately. The fuel and other chemicals during environment management plan will include construction and operation? relevant mitigation measures.

Community safety risks due to √ No such impacts are envisaged due the both accidental and natural proposed sub-projects. However, if any such hazards, especially where the impacts are noticed during implementation, the structural elements or same will be addressed immediately. The components of the project (e.g., environment management plan will include high voltage wires, and relevant mitigation measures transmission towers and lines) are accessible to members of the affected community or where their failure could result in injury to the community throughout project construction, operation and decommissioning?

101

Climate Change & Disaster Risk Is the Project area subject to √ These questions are not for environmental hazards such as earthquakes, categorization. floods, landslides, tropical cyclone winds, strom surges, They are included in this checklist to help tsunami or volcanic eruptions identify potential climate and disaster risks. and climate changes.? Could changes in precipitation, √ temperature, salinity, or extreme events over the Project lifespan affect its sustainability or cost? Are there any demographic or √ socioeconomic aspects of the Project area that are already vulnerable (e.g. high incidence of marginalized populations, rural-urban migrants, illegal settlements, ethnic minorities, women or children)? Could the Project potentially √ increase the climate or disaster vulnerability of the surrounding area (e.g., increasing traffic or housing in areas that will be more prone to flooding, by encouraging settlement in earthquake Regions)? The proposed environment category of this sub-project is continue to be B in accordance with ADB’s

102 Appendix - II List of Acts, Rules and Notifications as Applicable to the Project

1 The Environment It provides for the protection and 2009 All projects/activities/ that being developed, http://MoEFCC.nic.in/mo Environment Protection Act, 1986 improvement of environment and implemented, established, operational and/or being dules/rules-and- The Environment the prevention of hazards to human funded, that would discharge or emit any regulations/environment- Protection Rules, 1986 beings, other living creatures, plants environmental pollutant should take cognizance of this protection/ and property Act/Rule and ensure compliance to the prescribed emission standards 2 Notification on Notification deals with All projects/activities being conceptualized, developed, http://MoEFCC.nic.in/mo Environment Special Areas/ environmental issues in specific implemented, operational and/or funded should verify dules/rules-and- Restricted Activities notified Regions/areas in different the existence/ proximity of any notified area in and regulations/environment- regions and imposition of around the project site and is found should take protection/ restrictions/prohibitions on certain cognizance of the provisions of the applicable Special industries or activities Area Notification 3 Environmental Impact The Notification imposes restrictions 2009 All projects/activities being conceptualized, developed, http://MoEFCC.nic.in/mo Environment Assessment and prohibitions on new projects or implemented or funded should take cognizance of the dules/rules-and- Notification, 2006 activities and also on the expansion Schedule of Activities requiring Environmental regulations/environment- or modernization of existing projects Clearance under this Notification and if applicable, protction/ or activities based on their required clearances from MoEFCC / State potential environmental impacts. Environmental Impact Assessment Authority should be taken 4 The Hazardous It provides for regulation and control 2010 All activities being implemented, operational and/or http://www.MoEFCC.nic.i Environment Wastes (Management, of indiscriminate disposal of funded that deal with generation/ n/legis/hsm.htm Handling and Hazardous waste; and its sound handling/storage/processing of hazardous waste Transboundary management to reduce risks to should take cognizance of the provisions/schedules of Movement) Rules, environmental and human health these Rules and obtain authorization from the 2008 prescribed Authority/State Pollution Control Board/ Committee 5 The Noise Pollution It provides for regulations to control 2010 All projects/activities/ being constructed, operational http://MoEFCC.nic.in/mo Environment (Regulation and ambient noise levels in public places and/or funded that deal with sound emitting dules/rules-and- Control) Rules, 2000 from sources such as equipments while operational or during construction regulations/environment- industries/construction should take cognizance of the protection/ works/community events, etc. provisions/standards of these Rules and ensure compliance 6 The ORegion It provides for regulatory 2000 All activities being implemented, operational and/or http://MoEFCC.nic.in/mo Environment Depleting measures so as to ensure funded that involve the use/ processing/ dules/rules-and-

103

Substances progressive phasing out of imports/ exports of ORegion depleting substances regulations/environment- (Regulation & domestic production and imports should take cognizance and comply with the protection/ Control) Rules, 2000 of oRegion depleting substances provisions/schedules of these Rules 7 The Batteries It provides for regulations towards 2001 All activities being implemented/ operational and/or http://www.MoEFCC.nic.i Environment (Management & proper management & handling of funded that involve the manufacture, handling, n/legis/hsm.htm Handling) Rules, 2001 Lead Acid Batteries so as to avoid, purchase and use of batteries should take cognizance mitigate, minimize adverse impact on of the provisions and comply with the provisions of environment and these Rules human health 8 Forest (Conservation) It provides for regulation to help 2004 All projects/activities being conceptualized, developed, http://MoEFCC.nic.in/mo Environment Act, 1980 conserve the country's forests. It implemented or funded within forest areas or depend dules/rules-and- Forest restricts and regulates the de- on use of forest should take cognizance and comply regulations/forest- (Conservation) reservation of forests or use of forest with the provisions of these rules and obtain required conservation/ Rules, 2003 land for non-forest purposes without clearances from the Forest Department the prior approval of Central Government. 9 Wildlife (Protection) It provides for regulations to 2010 All projects/activities being conceptualized, developed, http://MoEFCC.nic.in/mo Environment Act, 1972 effectively protect the wild life with a implemented and/or funded within wildlife sanctuaries dules/rules-and- view to ensuring the ecological and or national parks should take cognizance and comply regulations/wildlife/ environmental security of the with the provisions of these rules and obtain required country. clearances from the National Board for Wildlife /Chief Wildlife Warden 10 Wildlife Protection The strategy document suggests ` All projects/activities being conceptualized, developed, http://envfor.nic.in/divisio Environment Strategy, 2002 measures and actions required for implemented or funded within 10 km of wildlife ns/wild.html management of wildlife and sanctuaries or national parks should take note of the protected areas. measures suggested in this Strategy document 11 Wetlands To provide for protection and 2010 All projects/activities being conceptualized, developed, http://MoEFCC.nic.in/mo Environment (Conservation & management of wetlands in India implemented and/or funded in and around wetlands dules/public- Management) Rules, and regulate the activities within should take cognizance of the provisions of this information/home- 2010 wetlands Notification and obtain required clearances from archive/ Central Wetlands Regulatory Authority/ Designated Local State Agency/ Forest Department 12 Central Ground Water It provides for regulation and control 2010 All projects being developed, implemented or funded http://www.cgwb.gov.in/g Environment Authority, of ground water development and that are dependent on Ground water as a w_regulation.html Notification, 1997 management. source of water, should take cognizance of the provisions of this Notification/Guidelines and

104

require to obtain permission from the Central Ground Water Board/Regional Office/Prescribed Authority 13 Building and Other It regulates the employment and 1996 All projects/activities being implemented and/or http://labour.nic.in/clc/wel Health & Safety Construction Workers conditions of service of building and funded where cost of construction is more than Rs. 10 come.html#leg (Regulation of other construction workers and lakhs should take cognizance of the provisions of this Employment and provides for their safety, health and Act, register establishments and provide for the Conditions of welfare construction workers in accordance Service) Act, 1996 with this Act 14 Building and Other An Act to provide for the levy and 1998 All projects/activities being implemented and/or Health & Safety Construction Workers collection of a cess on the cost of funded where cost of construction is more than Rs. 10 Welfare construction incurred by employers. lakhs should take cognizance and comply with the Cess Act, 1996 and provisions of this Act and pay cess Rules, 1998 accordingly 15 Workmen It provides for payment of 2009 All projects/activities that are operational and/or http://labour.nic.in/ss/Noti Health & Safety Compensation Act, compensation by employers to their funded that employ workmen for activities that are fication.html 1923 employees for injury by accident i.e. hazardous and have health and safety risks should take personal injury or cognizance of this Act and ensure due occupational disease compensation to employees in case of any injury 16 The Child Labour It prohibits employment of children 1986 All project/activities that are being implemented, http://labour.nic.in/cwl/Chi Health & Safety (Prohibition & in certain specified hazardous operational and/or funded should refrain from ldLabour.htm Regulation) Act, 1986 occupations and processes and employment of children. In case employed should take regulates the working conditions cognizance and comply with the provisions of in others. this Act. 17 Indian Electricity It provides for regulating the supply, 2000 All projects/ activities establishments being developed, http://powermin.nic.in/act Health & Safety Rules, 1956 Distribution, generation, and use of implemented, operational and/or funded that deal s_notification/electricity_a electricity which includes with generation, transformation, Distribution, ct2003/preliminary.htm precautionary measures to be conversion, distribution or use of energy should take adopted in construction, installation cognizance and comply with the provisions of these and maintenance of Rules and obtain required authorization Distribution, distribution, generation and use of electricity. 18 The Scheduled It recognizes and provides for forests 2007 All projects/activities being conceptualized, developed, http://tribal.nic.in/index1.a Social Tribes and Other rights and occupation in forest land implemented, operational and/or funded that are sp?linkid=360&langid=1 Traditional Forest by forest dwelling Scheduled Tribes within or in close proximity to forest areas should take Dwellers (Recognition and other traditional forest dwellers cognizance of the provisions of this Act/Rules and of who are verify and provide for the rights of the Tribal Forest Rights) Act, integral to the sustainability of the population 2006 and Rules, forest ecosystem. 2007

105 19 Land Acquisition It provides for facilitation in land 1985 All projects/activities being conceptualized, developed, http://dolr.nic.in/dolr/acta Social Act, 1894 acquisition for public purposes in implemented and/or funded that deal with public ndrule.asp cases where land to acquired has purposes or would lead to developmental benefits, for private claims which land is to be acquired, should take cognizance and comply with the provisions of this Act 20 National Resettlement It provides for regulations to ensure a 2007 All projects/activities being conceptualized, developed, http://dolr.nic.in/dolr/acta Social and humane, participatory and implemented and/or funded that deal with involuntary ndrule.asp Rehabilitation Policy, transparent process of resettlement displacement due to land acquisition should take 2007 and rehabilitation due to land cognizance of this policy and provide for fair acquisition for industrialization, compensation to the affected parties infrastructural facilities and urbanization needs 21 The Biodiversity Act, In order to help in realizing the 2002 It recognizes the sovereign rights of States to use their http://www.envfor.nic.in/di Environment 2002 objectives of CBD, India has enacted own Biological Resources. visions/csurv/nba_act.ht m an umbrella legislation called the biological Diversity Act 2002(No.18 of 2003) aimed at conservation of biological resources and associated knowledge as well as facilitating access to them in a sustainable manner and through a just process.

106 Appendix III Applicable Environmental Policies and Procedures

A. National Environmental Laws

1. The Environmental regulations, legislation, policy guidelines that may impact this project, are the responsibility of a variety of government agencies. The principal Environment Regulatory Agency in India is the Ministry of Environment and Forests (MoEF). MoEF formulates environmental policies and accords environmental clearances for different projects. 2. The Important environmental legislations in India are given below (i) The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974, amended 1988 (ii) The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Rules, 1975 (iii) The Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act 1981, amended 1987 (iv) The Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Rules, 1982 (v) The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, amended 1991 and including the following Rules/Notification issued under this Act.

The Environment (Protection) Rules, 1986, including amendments The Municipal Solid Wastes (Management and Handling) Rules, 2000 The Hazardous Wastes (Management and Handling) Rules, 2003 The Hazardous Wastes (management, handling and trans-boundary movement) Rules 2009 The Bio-Medical Waste (Management and Handling) Rules, 1998 Noise Pollution (Regulation and Control) Rules, 2000, Wild Life (Protection) Amendment Act, 2002 Ozone Depleting Substances (Regulation & Control) Rules, 2000. The Biological Diversity Act, 2002; The Environment Impact Assessment Notification, 1994; amended up to 2009; Batteries (Management & Handling) Rules, 2001 The Environmental Clearance Notification, 1994 Environmental Standards of CPCB

(vi) Noise Pollution (Regulation and Control) Rules, 2000 (vii) The Indian Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972, amended 1993 (viii) The Wildlife (Protection) Rules, 1995 (ix) The Indian Forest Act, 1927 (x) Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980, amended 1988 (National Forest Policy, 1988)

Forest (Conservation) Rules, 1981 amended 1992 and 2003 Guidelines for diversion of forest lands for non-forest purpose under the Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980

(xi) The National Environmental Appellate Authority Act, 1997 (xii) The National Green Tribunal Act, 2010

B. Other Relevant Acts

The policy framework consists of following main regulations: 1. The Electricity Act, 2003 2. National Resettlement & Rehabilitation Policy, 2007 (NRRP) (MoRD, DoLR). 3. Right of Way and compensation under Electricity Laws. 4. Land Acquisition Act, 1894. 5. The Indian Telegraph Act 1885. 6. Indian Treasure Trove Act, 1878 as amended in 1949.

107 7. Provisions of the Panchayats (Extension to the Scheduled Area) Act, 1996. 8. The Right to Information Act, 2005. 9. National Policy on HIV/AIDS and the World of Work, Ministry of Labour and Employment 10. National Policy on Safety, Health and Environment at Work Place, Ministry of Labour and Employment

C. Key Environmental Legislations

Operational Name Scope and Objective Key Areas Agencies/Ke Water (Prevention To provide for the Controls sewage and Central and State and Control of prevention and control industrial effluent Pollution Control Pollution) Act, 1974 of water pollution and discharges Board enhancing the quality of water Air (Prevention and To provide for the Controls emissions of air Central and State Control of Pollution) prevention and control of pollutants Pollution Control Act - 1981 air pollution Boards Forest Act, 1927 To consolidate acquisition Regulates access to State government, of common property such natural resources, state forest settlement as forests has a monopoly right over officers land, categories forests Forest Conservation To halt India’s rapid Restriction on de- Central Government Act, 1980 deforestation and reservation and using resulting Environmental forest for non-forest degradation purpose Wildlife Protection To protect wildlife Creates protected areas Wildlife Advisory Act, 1980 (National parks, Boards; Central Zoo sanctuaries) categories of Authorities wildlife which are protected Environment To provide for the An umbrella legislation; Central government Protection Act, 1986 protection and supplement laws nodal agency MoEF; improvement of can deplete powers to Environmental Impact Environment state department of Assessment Environment Notifications 1994 and amendments up to 2009 The Batteries Provide safe disposal of To control unsafe Central government (Management and lead acid and all other disposal of batteries nodal agency MoEF; Handling) Rules, types of batteries contents by authorised can deplete powers to 2001 as amended; state department of recyclers Environment The Hazardous Movement, handling, of To control the disposal of Central government Wastes (Management, waste chemical oils in hazardous chemicals, oils nodal agency MoEF; Handling and Trans- industries, commercial, etc. into water, land and air can deplete powers to boundary Move-ment) other services state department of Rules 2009 Environment The National Green Effective and expeditious All civil cases where Chairperson, National Tribunal Act, 2010 disposal of cases relating substantial questions relate Green Tribunal to environmental to environment (including protection and enforcement of any legal conservation of forests right relating to and other natural environment). resources including enforcement of any legal right relating to environment and giving relief and compensation for damages to persons and property and for matter property and for matters connected there with connected therewith or incidental thereto.

108

Appendix – IV Detailed Updated Scope of Work of DISCOM-East

Loan No Name of Number of feeders Progress as on Division ( Provision) Dec, 2019 2830 Gadarwara 81 81 Amarwada 89 89 Parasia Sausar Pandhurna Lakhnadon 42 42 Relhi & Banda 52 52 Damoh (South) 52 52 Panna 38 38 Tikamgarh 64 64 TOTAL LOAN 2830 418 418 2830 33 KV Feeders 57 57

Project component in loan no. 2830 Replacement New 11 New of bare Sl. 11 KV KV No. of LV Meters Division Feeder conductor No. Bay Line DTR Line (Nos.) with AB (Nos.) (kms) (kms) Cable (kms) 1 Gadarwara 81 22 965 637 12 345 9379 Amarwara, Parasia, 2 89 73 1766 1610 30 886 28643 Sausar, Pandhurna 3 Lakhnadon 42 14 861 558 4 728 12021 4 Rehli-Banda 52 26 817 1199 33 586 9423 5 Damoh(South) 52 17 792 717 0 774 19662 6 Panna 38 18 834 1040 9 563 9731 7 Tikamgarh 64 40 1194 859 3 501 16168 TOTAL 418 210 7229 6620 91 4383 105027 (2830-IND)

109 Appendix - V

Photographs of Progress of feeder/distribution lines connection with different Sub-stations

Lakhandon, Seoni district,

Singodi, Chindwara,

110

Gambhiriya, Sagar

Khiriya Mandla, Damoh,

111

Ahar, Tikamgarh

Panna

112 Appendix – VI

Sample photograph of Public Consultation

113

114 Appendix - VII

Sample Attendance Sheets of Public Consultation

115

116 Appendix - VIII

GRC Formation Circular of DISCOM-East

117