AREA OF OUTSTANDING NATURAL BEAUTY MANAGEMENT PLAN 2010-2020 Contents 02/03

Ah, kind friends, I’m just come here tonight to sing to all of you Edwin Poots, Minister for the Environment...... 04 About this place, likewise my love, she lives down near the sea; Foreword by Chairman...... 05 She was born in with its mountains bold and grand And the first place that I saw my love it was down upon the Strand. Setting the scene...... 06 Through BInevenagh Rock so lofty where the ravens build their nest I ofttimes took her for a stroll and clasped her to my breast Management context...... 08

And just as we’re returning after walking the whole day Who is it for?...... 09 Near to sweet Duncrun I pressed her hand and this to her did say, We will never leave Magilligan, my Mary dear and I, How the plan was produced...... 10 For if we leave Magilligan I’m sure we both would die... People’s perceptions...... 12

Eddie Butcher, The Shores of Sweet , 1966 A vision for Binevenagh AONB...... 15

Landscape character - key characteristics...... 16

Themes...... 18

Land and sea...... 20

Historic environment...... 30

Sustainable communities...... 38

Making it happen – arrangements...... 44 Cover Photograph by Aidan Gilfillan, Primary School Management plan context...... 48

BINEVENAGH AREA OF OUTSTANDING NATURAL BEAUTY MANAGEMENT PLAN 2010-2020 Edwin Poots Foreword Minister for the Environment by Chairman 04/05

“My congratulations go to the This plan is testament to the With the help of all those the plan Binevenagh is a very special place and established to provide a sounding However, just because we don”t have Heritage determination and abilities of those identifies as key partners, I am confident a bit of a well kept secret in terms of board for these interests. to prepare a plan doesn”t mean that it’s Trust and to all those who participated who came together to develop it and to I will see Binevenagh’s outstanding ’s landscape. not worth doing. The management plan and subsequent in developing this first management the enthusiasm of the local community living landscape continue to provide Previously known as North action plan is the result of an extensive Perhaps this challenges us to make the plan for the Binevenagh Area of and others who contributed to it. It also inspiration and sustenance to its Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty year long consultation but the process plan work because we believe it is the Outstanding Natural Beauty. It is never speaks volumes of the special place residents and visitors in the future.” (AONB), it was one of the first such is far from over at this point. These are right thing to do. easy to arrive at a concise statement this landscape clearly has in the hearts designations in Northern Ireland in the the first steps in realising the potential of what it is that makes an area special of those who live in or visit the area. Many thanks are due to all those who mid 1960s. Its redesignation in 2006 sustainable management of this to those with widely differing interests. have contributed to the process so some 40 years later as Binevenagh landscape as a place where people live, Even harder is to agree a course far in particular the Causeway Coast AONB has helped raise the profile of work and play. It provides us with food, of action to ensure that the area’s and Glens Heritage Trust and the this very special landscape. acts as our playground, classroom, outstanding landscape qualities are Binevenagh AONB Management Forum. home and a place to engage the placed foremost in the minds of those What makes Binevenagh unique is the Edwin Poots outdoors. Steeped in cultural and natural Binevenagh AONB deserves to be who can shape its future. range of landscape within a relatively Minister for the Environment heritage it is different things to different looked after. I urge you to get involved compact area. The extensive coastline people and this reflects in the plan. regardless if you live, work or play in features wide sandy beaches, dune this landscape. land, seaside towns and estuaries This is the first time such a backed by a distinct cliff line and management plan has been developed upland area. for the area. It is a visionary document which hopes to inspire those involved The development of this plan, in the AONB to work in partnership facilitated by the staff of the Causeway to deliver for the AONB and not one Coast & Glens Heritage Trust, is a individual or organisation. key step forward in how the many and varied interests interact with AONBs in Northern Ireland differ from Richard Gillen Binevenagh’s landscape. Binevenagh elsewhere as there is no statutory Chairman, Binevenagh AONB AONB Management Forum was duty to develop a management plan. Management Forum

BINEVENAGH AREA OF OUTSTANDING NATURAL BEAUTY MANAGEMENT PLAN 2010-2020 06/07

Setting the Scene Binevenagh Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONB) is one of 9 such areas in Northern Ireland, including the Causeway Coast AONB and the AONB on the north coast. It is also part of a 49 strong family of AONBs in England, Wales and Northern Ireland.

The AONB designation recognises whilst southwards it rolls away towards The landscape results from millennia landscapes of national importance and the Sperrin Mountains. of management, as witnessed by its helps to protect these landscapes for long history of settlement, the treasures The cliff tops provide a wonderful the people who live and work there recovered from its muddy sediments, platform from which to appreciate and for visitors who come to enjoy their and the burial sites and old churches the physical processes and human special qualities. left as a built legacy. influences that have shaped this Binevenagh AONB is a landscape on landscape and offer one of the finest Binevenagh AONB’s population is the edge, a frontier, situated as it is panoramic views in the country. This about 5,000 people, living mainly in in the North of Ireland’s far northwest landscape retains relics of the many scattered communities, surrounded by corner, a place literally looked up to layers of human activity, from the key towns that include to the from all sides. Mesolithic settlements of the Bann west and to the east. With a Estuary, through the ancient clachans population of about 1,300, , Binevenagh Mountain’s craggy basalt and historic sites of the Curly Valley, situated on the coast, is the largest face looks north to the Atlantic, forming a the heritage gardens at Downhill and single settlement within the AONB. strong contrast with the level polder fields AONB covers 16,594 hectares Above: Photograph by Adam Dallas, Hezlett Primary School Bellarena to sites of military and land beneath. Where they meet the coast to Binevenagh is a place of contrasts. For of land, however the designation Opposite: Photograph by Ross Canning, Ballyhackett Primary School surveying history at Magilligan. the west, the wide sweep of Magilligan the gregarious, the coastal strip can also extends off shore which is an Strand gives way to the subtle beauty of Its significance as a home to important be a busy seasonal tourist venue with integral part of the AONB and thus , which is so rich in value to wildlife populations is reflected in the plenty of opportunities for recreation. offers the opportunity for integrated over wintering birds. Binevenagh’s proud number of national and international This distinguishes it from the somewhat management of the whole coastal profile is bounded to the east by the designations that aim to protect desolate and wild feel of the uplands, and marine ecosystem with that of intimate landscape of the Bann Estuary, valuable natural habitats. or the parkland at Downhill. Binevenagh the terrestrial habitats.

BINEVENAGH AREA OF OUTSTANDING NATURAL BEAUTY MANAGEMENT PLAN 2010-2020 08/09

This plan expresses our shared concerns and hopes; we are committed to realising its vision, aims and objectives.

Management Who is context it for? First designated in 1966 as the North Derry AONB, the Binevenagh This is a plan for everyone who lives in, AONB was re-designated and extended in 2006, under the Nature enjoys and uses the area; local people, Conservation and Amenity Lands Order (NI) 1985, paving the way especially schoolchildren; those people towards its present management structure. who have businesses within the plan area.

The legislation states that the This Management Plan is non- – It also recognises, and is informed It is also for: Department of Environment may statutory. Its over-arching aim is to by, other relevant plans and – Those people, who helped – Those organisations and – All public bodies, as they have formulate proposals for an AONB for: conserve and enhance the landscape strategies that may have an put this plan together by groups outside the area who a statutory duty to have regard quality of the Binevenagh AONB for impact on the area, for example – Conserving or enhancing the responding to the consultation, are seeking good examples to the AONB’s purposes in the benefit of those who live there for conservation, economic natural beauty or amenities of that by expressing their views and of the sustainable use of discharging their functions. and those who visit. development and tourism area; by coming to the meetings natural resources and the provision. – The councillors, ministers and – It reflects the planning policies and and workshops. conservation of natural and – Conserving wildlife, historic objects other politicians who make guidance for development in the Its success will depend on the cultural values or natural phenomena within it; – Those bodies who will policy for the area, on whose region. willingness of the people and manage, fund and deliver its support this plan relies. – Promoting its enjoyment by the organisations involved to support and – It provides guidance for action points. public, and help implement its recommendations; organisations and individuals who without the commitment of such people – Providing or maintaining public have an interest in the protection and organisations; Binevenagh’s future access to it and management of the AONB. as a highly valued and sustainable – It presents an evidence base landscape will be far from certain. To and vision that can help in the this end the Binevenagh Management formulation of planning policy for Forum was formed in 2008 comprising the area. a large cross-section of interested Above: Photograph by Tara Canning, Ballyhackett Primary School organisations and individuals. Opposite: Photograph by Curtis Massey, Hezlett Primary School

BINEVENAGH AREA OF OUTSTANDING NATURAL BEAUTY MANAGEMENT PLAN 2010-2020 10/11

How the plan was produced Many organisations and individuals were contacted These three documents, the Binevenagh AONB Management Plan, the and consulted in the production of this plan; State of the AONB Report and the 5 year Binevenagh AONB Action Plan a consultation report is available on the Causeway are interlinked strategic documents that shape the management activities Coast and Glens Heritage Trust (CCGHT) website. of the Binevenagh AONB.

A questionnaire was distributed to This report gives an indication of How will the Management How will the Management – To set a direction and to provide many thousands of households in and trends in 2009 in relation to the a guide around the AONB and to other groups AONB’s landscape and seascape, Plan change things? Plan be used? and organisations with an interest in vernacular and cultural heritage, – To plan for management and – By providing an integrated and – To influence decision makers enjoyment the AONB at the end of 2008. Meetings ecology and , environment, shared approach to the and users were arranged with local stakeholders local communities and economy. It AONB’s conservation and its – To generate funds – To monitor/measure success and and the general public, articles written also provides a set of indicators for overall management and discussions held with a wide range monitoring over time. highlight needs for actions where – To raise awareness of people who have direct and indirect – By giving clarity about the state of there is a risk of failing landscape/ The outcomes from the consultation interests in the management of the area. the AONB and the direction that seascape high standards process, alongside the State of the needs to be taken Alongside the consultation process AONB report, feed into the Management – To create an exemplar for good a State of the AONB Report was Plan, which sets the special qualities of – By raising awareness of the key protected areas management produced which is also available on the area, a long term vision and a series issues and challenges that have to – To provide information/evidence/ CCGHT’s website. of objectives over the next ten years, be addressed baseline and giving rise to two 5 year Action – By providing a platform to manage Plans: 1 – 5 years and 6 – 10years. The – To bring people together in a and to monitor change first to start in 2010 and the second to shared vision Above: be drafted in 2015 and commence in – By specifying the actions that need Photograph by B.S.Karan, Shutterstock – To provide mutual benefits/support 2016. The purpose of the action plans to be taken to ensure a sustainable Opposite: mutual agendas Photograph by Kevin Moran, is to agree a schedule to achieve these future for the AONB based on its St Anthony’ s Primary School objectives and to aim towards the vision. special qualities

BINEVENAGH AREA OF OUTSTANDING NATURAL BEAUTY MANAGEMENT PLAN 2010-2020 12/13

2. What people have said about Binevenagh AONB:

“Tranquil, majestic “Stunning and picturesque views of beauty” Foyle Basin”

“Outstanding A KEY TASK WAS TO “Rich in AGREE WHICH ASPECTS natural scenery” OF THE AONB WERE heritage” MOST VALUED AND THE ISSUES AND PRIORITIES “Unique variety MOST IMPORTANT “A microcosm of flora and fauna” RELATING TO THEM of Ireland”

“Internationally “A unique panorama important area – visually, geologically, for migrating birds” historical and environmental”

3. What people value: – Pressures on farming/changes – New buildings are often out of to farm incomes leads to character with local landscape. People’s – Stunning, inspiring scenery, abandonment, changes in habitat, – Lack of investment in agriculture particularly the views over the coast decay, loss of jobs. leads to a loss of key features e.g. – Diversity of its landscape – Lack of investment in small stone walls, barns, hedgerows, and – Superb beaches enterprises leads to fewer jobs and also to a loss of habitats and wildlife. perceptions lack of local incomes and incentive. – Historical interest – Litter and pollution is unhealthy and “This landscape is of exceptional scenic The cliff tops provide a wonderful – Landfill site project in the South- unsightly. 1. What kind of a place – Unexplored and unspoilt East of the AONB is placing quality and is remarkably unspoiled. platform from which to appreciate – Habitats are threatened by is Binevenagh AONB? pressure on tranquillity, community Binevenagh (named after Foibhne, the physical processes and human – Tranquillity unmanaged recreation and poorly son of a Celtic chief) is the dominant influences that have shaped this and landscape. – “A special place” – Opportunities for recreation and managed development. landmark feature, its cliffs rising in landscape and offer one of the finest – Dominance of tourism leads to The Binevenagh Management Forum tourism – Wind turbine development in the abrupt contrast to the expanse of low- panoramic views in the country. From seasonal poorly paid jobs, erratic created the following statement to try uplands and offshore may have a lying farmland and shore below. The the Mesolithic settlements of the Bann – Extensive plant and animal income for shops and services, and capture the essence of people’s visual and environmental impact. area exhibits fine coastal landforms Estuary, through the ancient clachans biodiversity empty houses out of season, views express through the consultation of estuary, beach and dunes with and historic sites of the Curly Valley, breakdown in community fabric. process: – Coastal erosion is a result of the Magilligan foreland forming the the heritage gardens at Downhill and upstream infrastructure, flood 4. What people see as the – House prices are high as a result of largest coastal accumulation feature Bellarena to sites of military and land- controls and overuse in some areas. in Ireland, whilst inland, upland areas surveying history at Magilligan, this challenges to the future second/holiday homes. This means provide walking and wildlife spotting landscape retains relics of the many management of the AONB: that local young families cannot – Sewage treatment for the prison, opportunities. This land is also rich layers of human activity.” afford them and must move out. military camp and Benone complex. – Increased pressure from in nature conservation interest with – Failure to invest in restoration – Threats to the uplands from development, and a failure nationally important habitats and of old buildings leads to poor reduced grazing pressure. to understand/ recognise the wetlands of considerable ornithological maintenance, deterioration and importance of heritage sites, is interest. demolition, which is a heritage and damaging them. landscape loss.

Above: Photograph by Liam McElhinney, St Aidan’s Primary School Above: Photograph by Caleb Ewart, Hezlett Primary School

BINEVENAGH AREA OF OUTSTANDING NATURAL BEAUTY MANAGEMENT PLAN 2010-2020 People’s perceptions 14/15

5. What people would Farming remains a key activity in which And sustainable transport: “…more farmers are the custodians of the walking and cycle paths.” like to see happening landscape: “Farmers are encouraged Rich and diverse natural heritage: “... and engage with farming sensitively in the future wildlife habitats managed to protect for wildlife.”, “Sustainable farming in a nature species.”, “Forests largely A vibrant local economy based on biodiversity rich landscape.” tourism and sustainable tourism: “…it replaced with native woodlands.” Some concerns about over- would be an exciting place to visit with Which can be accessed and development: “Do not allow hotels, lots of employment for local people.”, discovered: “Should have plenty of rich housing, to spoil the view…”, “Vibrant and flourishing. Popular with open space to relax and enjoy the “Appropriate small scale development to tourists and have a positive feel for countryside…” livelihoods”… “Buzzing, vibrant and support tourist and local needs.” The complete analysis of the hopefully with lots of eco-friendly But promoting reasoned developments consultation and engagement tourists”. respectful of built heritage: “I would process is available with the final hope the vernacular architecture A potential role for Castlerock to AONB Management Plan and can be remains and new build, where it be used as a hub for the AONB: downloaded from the Causeway Coast occurs, issympathetic and appropriate “Castlerock … could be a buzzing and Glens Heritage Trust website. seaside resort better than any along the to the locality, reinforcing its local west coast.” distinctiveness.” The contribution of arts and crafts to the Optimising Binevenagh’s potential local economy: “Craft courses being as a role model in piloting renewable held on a regular basis attract visitors energy: “…the farms would have the and locals and help retain traditional ability to generate their own electric crafts from being forgotten.” power from gas generated by manure.” A vision for Binevenagh People’s vision is that in 2030… AONB Binevenagh AONB is a rich mosaic of sweeping landscapes Although the management plan has a ten year horizon the vision is a and seascapes with stunning views where natural, built and twenty year one and is based on the following factors: cultural heritage is appreciated, conserved and enhanced; – Distinctive local landscapes are – Vibrant local communities enjoy – There exists a diverse, thriving conserved and enhanced by those a good quality of life and tangible and sustainable rural economy in who work and manage the land, community spirit. Villages offer which agriculture, fishing, forestry where people live, work and relax; and where visitors are nurturing a valued and treasured key facilities and services that are and tourism are examples of viable countryside for future generations. accessible and responsive to local sectors enhancing and supporting Rural land managers protect needs, whilst employment, training the distinctive character of the welcomed and contribute to a vibrant rural economy. natural resources and implement and education opportunities are AONB. An appropriately skilled climate change adaptation and varied. Sustainable development workforce is employed within both It is a place where the highest environmental mitigation measures. The natural principles are welcomed by traditional and diversified rural environment and settlements are communities, who are mutually enterprises that are exemplars of the cornerstones of residents” supportive and have a strong a lively, prosperous and evolving quality is seen as a key economic driver quality of life; where diverse sense of pride in their area. Local rural economy. wildlife abounds within sustainably traditions and the qualities and and where all economic activity is managed habitats linked across the characteristics that make it such an landscape, equally celebrated for attractive place in which to live are its historic and cultural features. highly valued. in harmony with maintenance

of the landscape. Above: Photograph by Adam Dallas, Hezlett Primary School

BINEVENAGH AREA OF OUTSTANDING NATURAL BEAUTY MANAGEMENT PLAN 2010-2020 16/17

The following are the key landscape characteristics of the Binevenagh AONB, extracted from the five Landscape Character Areas that cover the wider area including the AONB. Detailed assessment of the five Landscape Character Areas: Magilligan Lowlands, Binevenagh, Coleraine Farmlands, East Binevenagh and Roe Valley, including management and development recommendations, are available on the Northern Ireland Environment Agency’s (NIEA) website (www.ni-environment.gov.uk).

Magilligan Lowland and Binevenagh upland Castlerock, Downhill Roe Estuary: (including Keady, Springwell and Bann Estuary: and Altikeeragh): – Flat alluvial plain, dominated by the – Low rolling plateau, falling Binevenagh cliffs. – Sloping upland basalt plateau gradually from basalt uplands ending at a dramatic, cliff-like eastwards towards the River Bann. – Rugged sand dune ridges shelter escarpment. Magilligan Strand and Benone – Fairly steep, narrow glens; gullies Strand. Presence of species rich – Escarpment summits have a on higher land to west. sand dune, fertile low lying coastal distinctive profile and form a – Poor quality pastures with patches grassland. Long strands. sequence of local landmarks. of gleyed soils, and partially – Homogeneous landscape of – Large-scale mosaic of upland overgrown with scrub and rushes. rectangular fields subdivided by a moor, blanket bog and extensive Gappy hedgerows and broken grid of drainage ditches. conifer plantations. stone walls. – Isolated farm buildings reached – Open, exposed upland moors, with – Few woodlands; the largest by straight, embanked tracks few native trees or field boundaries. deciduous woodlands are branching at right angles from the associated with the historic estate – Rocky outcrops and scree slopes main road. of Downhill reveal grey basalt rock. – Principal settlements form linear – Dense network of straight, narrow – Slump-block cliffs. development along main road. lanes and tracks. – Patchy, textured pattern of – Open, with occasional isolated – Dramatic rocky coastline with moorland grass, heather, rushes hedgerows and groups of trees; indented broken cliffs of basalt at and stunted scrubby bushes. some small shelterbelts near farm Downhill. buildings. – Steep rock streams flow from the – Rugged sand dune ridges create basalt escarpments. – Geometric pattern gives landscape a distinctive wild landscape at the an artificial, engineered character. – Important spawning tributaries for mouth of the Bann. salmon, trout and sea trout. – River Roe meanders between – Rich saltmarsh and mudflat habitats open, grassy embankments. in the estuary. – Fields divided mainly by – Long coastal views to the Bann Landscape hedgerows around River Roe. Estuary. – Mudflats and saltmarshes of – Long strands at Castlerock, character Lough Foyle. Downhill and . – key characteristics

Photograph by Ciara McCormack, St Anthony’s Primary School

BINEVENAGH AREA OF OUTSTANDING NATURAL BEAUTY MANAGEMENT PLAN 2010-2020 18/19

environmental resource for the region 4. Changing Other factors and the country as a whole. people’s perception Binevenagh AONB is subject to many By developing sustainable, thriving external influences which are relevant to The way in which people perceive local communities and a strong its effective management. Examples of Binevenagh AONB can play a major economy, we have, at the heart of these include: everything we do our need to conserve role in how the AONB is shaped and and enhance the landscape, seascape, looked after. It influences everything – Physical processes such as river biodiversity, cultural, built and natural from the level of public support for flows and sedimentation and heritage. farming and conservation work, species migration. implementation of innovative projects The close relationship and on sustainable tourism, the number and – Administrative aspects such as interdependency between the types of visitors, new businesses and local authority boundaries aand environment of the AONB, its people even house prices. We want people to planning strategies. The Review and the activities that take place within continue to think of the AONB as being of Public Administration and it, provides the potential to showcase somewhere special. Planning Reform will also have an sustainable rural development now and impact on land use planning and for generations to come. Sustainable However, it is important that the AONB responsibilities. management is the way in which we develops in ways that do not impact on its special qualities. It is critical – Wider economic and social factors use the land and sea that shapes, such as demographic changes, conserves and enhances the distinctive to identify opportunities to promote appropriate forms of recreation and employment trends, travel to work character of the natural, built and or home working, changes in cultural heritage of the AONB. It is tourism, innovation and learning, enterprises that use natural resources, holiday patterns, spending patterns therefore vital that future management and economic depressions and of the AONB, through activities such in ways that support the AONBs special qualities and not damage them. upswings, as well as the influence as farming, fishing, forestry and of main settlements outside the recreational activities, looks at how we AONB (Coleraine, Limavady and achieve this in a sustainable manner. 5. Equality of opportunities Portstewart). This management plan sets out to be 3. Partnerships – Economic pressures such as, as inclusive as possible. It will seek economic climate, economic THEMES to ensure that there is equality of More than half the land of Binevenagh development. AONB is in private ownership. As opportunity for everyone to appreciate This part of the document is organised into three key themes that are critical to sustaining with generations before us, people and enjoy the AONB’s special qualities. – The Marine Bill will have an effect on the marine and coastal planning the AONB’s distinctive character. Land and Sea will address the landscape and natural have nurtured and shaped this living, We want everyone to feel welcome and working landscape. In order to allow believe that the AONB can offer many processes. heritage issues and opportunities; Historic Environment will consider issues in relation to the AONB to evolve in a sustainable engaging and enjoyable experiences the areas historic and cultural heritage, threats to its integrity, and opportunities it presents; manner it is vital that the people for all. The plan contains a number of who own or manage land and sea objectives that look towards removing Sustainable Communities will discuss social and economic issues and opportunities. recognise the implications of their as many barriers as possible, from decisions and actions for the general the removal of physical barriers to the well being of their fellow citizens and lack of information and appropriate These three themes are interdependent 1. Climate Change 2. Sustainable for the environment. No one person or infrastructure. It also describes how we can open the AONB to support – managing one theme may have organisation can achieve the objectives Whilst we do not know in detail the development of this plan, although the action plan those people who wish to visit, both an impact on the other two, in implications of climate change for Sustainable development means identifies a lead partner for every physically and virtually. a positive or negative way, so the AONB, we know that it could different things to different people; for objective. But to enable an objective to it is vital that the plan is over- potentially significantly alter both its the purpose of this plan we take it to be achieved, it will rely on a wide range . arching. Information and issues special qualities and its economy. be “development that meets the needs of individuals and organisations coming listed under each of the themes Most of the objectives set out in this of the present without compromising together to act. This management plan are not exhaustive and are management plan can be linked to the ability of future generations to therefore tries to bring different people covered in the State of the AONB the challenges of climate change and meet their own needs” (Brundtland and organisations together, to set out a report, published alongside the how we can start to mitigate against Commission 1987). framework for progress. management plan. and adapt to it. For example – the likely In addition there are a number of cross- impacts on biodiversity, supporting Sustainable development, in the cutting elements that underpin changes to land and sea management, context of this plan, is about looking the vision, aims and objectives encouraging renewable energy and the after the AONB together in such a way within the management plan. sustainable development of the AONB. that collectively we try to ensure a These elements will be considered Preserving the seagrass and saltmarsh better quality of life for everyone, now explicitly or implicitly in each of the communities will also help to buffer and for the future. There is a need to three themes. against the effects of sea level rise. conserve and enhance the designation of the AONB through valuing it as an Opposite: They include: Photograph by Elizabeth Wilson, Ballyhackett Primary School

BINEVENAGH AREA OF OUTSTANDING NATURAL BEAUTY MANAGEMENT PLAN 2010-2020 20/21

1. Management Aims Examples of Issues: 2.3. Cliff habitats: for Land and Sea: – Forestry activity, peat cutting, over The cliffs of Binevenagh represent or under grazing can lead to loss of an important habitat as it is a unique In 2020: habitats habitat in Northern Ireland where arctic-alpine plant species such as the – The unique environment, wildlife, – Sitka seeding on to under-grazed purple saxifrage can be found. It is also landscape and seascape of the upland from forestry plantations a nesting habitat for a range of bird Binevenagh AONB are promoted Examples of Opportunities: species including the peregrine falcon. and cherished by all; Examples of Issues: – Natural habitats, wildlife, landscape – Carbon sequestration potential, and seascape features that make soils particularly peat hold up to – Climate change is a major threat to the area special are protected and 90% of the carbon tied up on land arctic / alpine plant communities enhanced; – Important spawning tributaries for – Conflict between recreational use – High standards of landscape and salmon, trout and sea trout of cliffs and disturbing plants and seascape conservation, restoration nesting birds and enhancement in all land and 2.2. Woodland: Examples of Opportunities: sea uses, particularly agriculture, The woodland comprises mostly of forestry, leisure and development coniferous plantations. However the – There has been a newly selected are encouraged; broadleaf woodlands found in the Northern Ireland Priority Habitat: AONB, even the small pockets, are very – Environmental conditions are of Inland Cliffs, Rock and Scree. This important. Aghanloo Wood ASSI is the is an important and unique Habitat highest standard for the benefit of largest continuous blocks of Ancient local people and visitors; Woodland in Northern Ireland. Most 2.4. Lowland habitats: of the broadleaf woodlands are found – The setting and views in and out The lowland area occupies at the bottom of the Binevenagh cliffs, of the AONB are conserved and approximately half of the AONB and and some along the Curly River. Some enhanced. is mainly agricultural land. This area of the woodlands recorded as Ancient represents one of the most productive Woodland (inventory carried out by The following gives a brief summary grounds in Northern Ireland. The field Woodland Trust and Northern Ireland of the Land and Sea within the boundaries are mostly composed of Environment Agency) are outside the Binevenagh AONB, for more details see sheughs (ditches) and some hedges. designated areas. the State of the AONB Report. The expanses of improved Magilligan Examples of Issues: farmland means that there is generally 2. Type of natural habitats only a small number of different species and their distribution: – Forestry practices can lead to loss that call it home, but it nevertheless of broadleaf woodland, loss of supports some of Northern Ireland’s 2.1. Upland habitats: biodiversity, however there is now priority species, including bird species a presumption against any further such as the skylark and linnet. In Land above the 200m represents afforestation of priority habitats addition this area is a very important approximately half of the AONB. The including broadleaf woodlands winter feeding ground for swans and main habitats include blanket bog/ geese. heathland and woodland. – Forest management, particularly block felling leads to massive Examples of Issues: Most of the blanket bog/heathland releases of nutrients and habitats are considered by the Northern suspended solids into – The loss of traditional field Ireland Environment Agency as priority watercourses boundaries and farming practices habitats. In the past some of this leading to the loss of biodiversity habitat was lost to forestry plantations, – Lack of general public awareness however there is a presumption against of the value of Ancient Woodlands Examples of Opportunities: any further afforestation of blanket bog Examples of Opportunities: – Importance of schemes such as and other priority habitats. the Northern Ireland Countryside – Planting of appropriate new Land Management Scheme (NICMS) native broadleaf woodlands and or Management of Sensitive Site restoration of ancient woodlands Scheme (MOSS) and Sea – Trials of Continuous Cover forestry – Involvement of the local people

Photograph by Liam McElhinney, St Aidan’s Primary School

BINEVENAGH AREA OF OUTSTANDING NATURAL BEAUTY MANAGEMENT PLAN 2010-2020 Land and Sea 22/23

– Important nursery and holding – At Magilligan, Tunes Bank is a vital – Climate change is predicted to habitat for salmon, trout and component of this dynamic system, result in drier summers which sea trout and off shore developments could would have implications for the threaten this freshwater and wetlands habitats 2.5. Coastal habitats: – MoD may decide to dispose of their Examples of Opportunities: The coastline is dominated by its land holdings Farming practices wide, sandy beaches and extensive and pollution adjacent to coastal – Water Framework Directive dune system which provide a natural habitats can also lead to habitat backdrop to the coastal setting. – Loughs Agency’s habitat loss Recreational and visitor enhancement work and other The dune systems at Magilligan and pressure conservation and protection works Portstewart are some of the finest and Examples of Opportunities: related to freshwater and marine most complete dune systems in the fisheries in and around Lough Foyle whole of Ireland and provide a valuable – Integrated coastal zone – Important spawning tributaries and habitat for a wide range of wildlife. The management maritime cliffs at Downhill likewise host nursery habitat for salmon, trout a wide range of wildlife. These two key – MoD may decide to dispose of their and sea trout, bolstering the angling habitats are Northern Ireland priority land holdings tourism resource of the area habitats, for which NIEA has produced – Designation of Marine Protected 2.7 Marine habitats: specific action plans. Areas under the proposed Marine Bill These mostly consist of sand and mud Estuaries also provide important 2.6. Inland freshwater: habitats in the estuaries, seagrass, habitats for many species. They are native oyster beds (Ostrea edulis) and On the west part of the AONB the main composed of the Roe Estuary and common mussel beds (Mytilus edulis) river is the River Roe and its tributaries Lough Foyle on the western part of in Lough Foyle. Lough Foyle and Bann (including Curly River). It is especially the AONB and the Bann Estuary on Estuary coastal habitats are extremely important for its population of salmon the eastern part of the area. These important for migrating wildfowl and but also for the habitats found along the areas include Northern Ireland priority waders. habitats such as coastal saltmarshes, banks of the rivers (including sessile coastal mudflats and sheltered muddy oak woodland). The marine habitats of the north coast are important nursery sites for fish. gravels for which NIEA has produced A system of parallel man-made action plans. Lough Foyle is also one sheughs (drains) run westward in The Joint Irish Bathymetric Survey of the most important estuaries in lowland areas and are important as was undertaken on North Coast, Northern Ireland for seagrass beds they all run into Lough Foyle. which provided excellent data on the Zostera species, and native oyster underwater topography of the North The River Bann and its estuary offer a beds Ostrea edulis, which are both BAP coast with indications of seabed wide range of mudflats and saltmarshes habitats. Estuaries are also important habitats. habitats for wildfowl and waders. Many (see above). There is no comprehensive seabed of these habitats and species are Manmade lakes such as the survey in Lough Foyle. Although protected under various national and Binevenagh Lake and Downhill Lakes work has been carried out by the international designations. also contribute distinct freshwater Loughs Agency for example; mapping habitats. Examples of Issues: shellfish activities. Examples of Issues: – Development pressure; this Some of the habitats are classified as coastline is a dynamic system – Habitat loss caused by: pollution, Northern Ireland Priority Habitats. and new developments along the siltation, rapid fluctuation of flow It must be remembered that marine coastline may have an impact on rates due to accelerated runoff the ecosystem and terrestrial habitats are intrinsically caused by field drainage and linked, which is why an ecosystem – Other development pressures urban development, drainage approach is required. include; visitor pressure on the works, dredging and trampling of sensitive ecosystem; and loss spawning beds, alteration of profile Examples of Issues: as well as the vegetation cover of of biodiversity – Development along the coast river banks, and establishment of and off-shore can lead to habitat – Sea level change could have a invasive species to the detriment of fragmentation, habitat loss major effect on the dynamic system native flora and pollution

Photograph by Clare Doherty, Ballyhackett Primary School

BINEVENAGH AREA OF OUTSTANDING NATURAL BEAUTY MANAGEMENT PLAN 2010-2020 Land and Sea 24/25

– Commercial mussel farming should other rare arctic-alpines; mountain and some of them are not open to the be managed not to impact on avens and moss campion. public. Some of the sites are in private existing seagrass or native oyster ownership. The only species of reptile native to Ostrea edulis beds Northern Ireland, the common lizard In addition there are four Special Areas Examples of Opportunities: can be found in the dune systems of of Conservation (SAC) covering; sand Binevenagh AONB. dunes, cliffs, intertidal areas and rivers. – A full seabed survey would highlight marine sites of The native oysters found in the Foyle are Lough Foyle Special Protection Area importance, including nature amongst the best in Europe. Cetaceans (SPA) and Ramsar site is designated for conservation, sustainable such as harbour porpoise can also be its population of wildfowl and waders of aquaculture and maritime seen along the coastline. The second international importance. largest fish in the sea, the basking shark archaeology Tircreven Burn has Mesozoic and is also a regular summer visitor to these Palaeontological significance, including – Opportunities exist to work with waters. Offshore, Tope (a medium sized abundant reworked Jurassic fossils, the local fishermen, Loughs shark) are a summer visitor. Agency and marine stakeholders especially vertebrate ones. Examples of Issues: to improve the management and Examples of both Issues and conservation of the marine area in Habitat loss and fragmentation, Opportunities: Lough Foyle pollution, invasive species, farming – Knowledge of condition of practices, development and visitor designated sites, management 3. Species pressure can lead to loss of species of the sites, public access to the (terrestrial and marine): – Lack of awareness of what is present. sites, awareness of value, and partnership work Many species of interest are present Examples of Opportunities: in the Binevenagh AONB, some – Need for schemes such as designated under the Northern Ireland – Ecotourism, with WiSe approved Management of Sensitive Site Priority Species. These include: boat trips to experience the marine scheme (MOSS) to assist private – The European otter, European eel wildlife landowners and Atlantic salmon in rivers and – A marine reserve in Lough Foyle coastal areas; would benefit species such as the 5. Water native oyster. This species already – Coastal and estuarine species The Water Framework Directive is supports an important community such as the pale-bellied brent implemented through river basin of local fishermen goose, redshank, curlew, marsh planning, which takes an integrated helleborine and seaside centaury approach to the protection, 4. Earth Science improvement and sustainable use – Farmland bird species such as of the water environment, from river skylark, reed bunting, song thrush, (Geology) and Natural source to sea. The Binevenagh AONB linnet, twite and lapwing Heritage Designations is situated mainly between two river – Cliffs species such as the peregrine There are seven Areas of Special basins, the North Western River Basin falcon and the purple saxifrage Scientific Interest (ASSI) covering sand on the western part and Neagh – Upland species such as the red dune habitats, estuaries, cliffs, ancient Bann River Basin east of the upland grouse, skylark woodland, peatland and rivers. area. Part of Portstewart Strand lies within the North Eastern River Basin. – A number of terrestrial invertebrate There are five National Nature Reserves species especially in the coastal (NNR) covering dune systems, River Basin Management Plans have habitats of Benone Beach, peatland, cliffs and saltmarshes and been produced for each of the basins Ballymaclary Dunes and Portsewart mudflats. The Binevenagh AONB, by NIEA. It applies to groundwater Strand, such as the scarce crimson relative to its size, features one of (underground water) and to all surface and gold moth and the mining bee the highest and diverse numbers of water bodies, including rivers, lakes, Colletes floralis. National Nature Reserves. The Umbra transitional and coastal waters out to is managed by the Wildlife Trust one nautical mile, as well as wetlands – Purple saxifrage is one of Northern as a Nature Reserve and forms the which are directly associated with Ireland’s rarest plants, confined eastern part of the Magilligan sand ground or surface water. entirely to the high mountain cliffs of dune system. Some of the NNR’s do Binevenagh, where it grows with two not have a management plan in place,

Photograph by Grainne Cooke, St Aidan’s Primary School

BINEVENAGH AREA OF OUTSTANDING NATURAL BEAUTY MANAGEMENT PLAN 2010-2020 Land and Sea 26/27

The River Basin Management Plans 6.2. Noise Examples of Opportunities: will be divided into smaller catchment Noise is not monitored in the AONB. areas called Local Management Areas, – Any consideration of small-scale Noise is monitored on flight paths for for which local delivery plans will be site specific options will need to International Airport and George developed and implemented over time. be weighed against the landscape Best Belfast City Airport but not for the value for which the AONB was An interactive map on river basin City of Derry Airport. designated management is available on Examples of Issues: NIEA’s website: – One-off farm / private wind turbines (http://maps.ehsni.gov.uk/wmuviewer/). Impact of flight path over Binevenagh 6.4. Major developments AONB from the City of Derry Airport The Blue Flag has become the definitive Major developments may have an international measure of beaches since Impact of target practice at military base Noise is not monitored in the AONB impact on landscape quality, scenic it began back in 1985. It is a highly views, biodiversity, and tranquillity effective monitoring system because it Examples of Opportunities: values. measures everything for accessibility for disabled visitors through to the – Monitoring within the AONB Examples of Issues: amount of bins provided and litter left on the beach. Portstewart Strand and 6.3. Renewable Energy – Pressure from major developments on AONB’s special qualities Benone Beach both have the Blue An important response to climate Flag Beach label. Benone was the first change is the move towards renewable – Landfill sites beach in Northern Ireland to achieve energy sources. There is a potential – Accelerated runoff to streams this award and has held it since 1990. conflict between the need for and rivers due to impervious sustainable environmental management Examples of Issues: nature of ground cover – tarmac, and the enhancement of landscape metal, concrete – and resultant – Risk of pollution quality. alteration of the level of the water – Lack of management of beaches The Rio Earth Summit in 1992 table, rapid fluctuations of flows outside Blue Flag criteria promoted the conservation of in watercourses, increase in water the ecosystem as a public good, temperature, etc Examples of Opportunities: independent of their utility as a – Sewage works – Good coordinated management, resource. Examples of Opportunities: and the involvement of various Examples of Issues: stakeholders – Working with the developers from – Biomass cultivation could be an the out-set to ensure minimal issue, however most farms in the 6. Other impact and to develop mitigation AONB are too small to grow a measures and enhancement environmental factors viable area, unless they work co- opportunities operatively 6.1. Air quality – Encourage Sustainable Drainage – Wind farms are an issue that Air quality is assessed at Borough level Schemes (SuDS) for all but the the AONB is likely to face in the with a focus on urban areas. There smallest scale developments, foreseeable future. Currently the are monitoring stations in Ballymoney, (industrial sites, commercial issue in relation to turbines is along Londonderry and Letterkenny. Currently centres, roads, car parks etc) all sites are above the relevant the AONB boundary and out to sea minimum standard for air quality. – Hydro power schemes often Example of both Issues and conflict with the demands of Opportunities: conservation of fish – Any consideration of small-scale – No monitoring within the AONB site specific options will need to – Quality is assumed to be good in be weighed against the landscape the AONB value for which the AONB was designated – Potential for tourism-related air quality issues – One-off farm / private wind turbines

Photograph by Kevin Moran, St Anthony’s Primary School

BINEVENAGH AREA OF OUTSTANDING NATURAL BEAUTY MANAGEMENT PLAN 2010-2020 Land and Sea 28/29

7. Management Objectives 1.2.3 Encourage farming practices that Objective 5: Ensure that the conserve and enhance the biodiversity for Land and Sea within the AONB character of the AONB is protected: In order to fulfil the aims for Land 1.2.4 Promote the importance of land and Sea a series of objectives and sea priority species and habitats 1.5.1 Develop a single Landscape and proposed actions have been Character Assessment for Binevenagh developed. Please refer to the Action 1.2.5 Establish pilot projects to AONB Plan for details on delivering these. conserve and enhance the biodiversity of the AONB 1.5.2 Develop a Seascape Character Assessment Objective 1: 1.2.6 Create habitat corridors Ensure that opportunities are 1.5.3 Raise awareness of the needs of 1.2.7 Protect the unique geology and the AONB at a senior government level offered to all to learn about geomorphology of the AONB the special environment of the Objective 4: Ensure that wider 1.2.8 Develop a volunteering AONB: environmental conditions are of the programme for the AONB highest standard: 1.1.1 Develop an environmental Objective 3: 1.4.1 Support environmental quality information point for the AONB Ensure that national and monitoring and implementation 1.1.2 Coordinated series of 1.4.2 Investigate opportunities to environmental events international designated sites are in good condition, well prepare for the potential effects of 1.1.3 Carry out an audit of awareness climate change raising materials of the natural heritage managed and protected: Objective 5: Ensure that the character 1.1.4 Make the links to, and where 1.3.1 Provide information and advice to of the AONB is protected: possible integrate actions into the facilitate appropriate management of 1.5.1 Develop a single Landscape formal education system Areas of Special Scientific Areas (ASSI) and Natura 2000 sites Character Assessment for Binevenagh 1.1.5 Develop a marine awareness AONB programme and guidance materials 1.3.2 Identify terrestrial habitats and species which need enhanced 1.5.2 Develop a Seascape Character 1.1.6 Implement seabed survey protection and designation Assessment programme of Lough Foyle and link 1.5.3 Raise awareness of the needs of with previous seabed surveys 1.3.3 Promote the creation of a marine reserve (fully closed marine area) in the AONB at a senior government level 1.1.7 Produce an AONB wide Lough Foyle interpretation guide for designated sites of interest 1.3.4 Implement and review management plans for each NNR 1.1.8 Maximise appropriate access opportunities for all to engage with sites 1.3.5 Identify buffer zones around of interest designated sites Objective 2: Objective 4: Ensure that wider Ensure good protection of the environmental conditions are natural habitats and species of the highest standard: of the AONB especially priority 1.4.1 Support environmental quality habitats and species: monitoring and implementation 1.2.1 Create and maintain a central GIS 1.4.2 Investigate opportunities to database covering all Themes; Land prepare for the potential effects of and Sea, Historic Environment, and climate change Sustainable Communities 1.2.2 Encourage the development and management of native woodlands through the development of guidelines and financial assistance

Photograph by Leah Gilfillan, Bellarena Primary School

BINEVENAGH AREA OF OUTSTANDING NATURAL BEAUTY MANAGEMENT PLAN 2010-2020 30/31

1. Management Aims for The Bishop of Derry (1768 – 1803), 3. Maritime heritage Frederick Hervey, had a significant the Historic Environment impact in this area. He built Mussenden The coastline of the Binevenagh AONB Temple, as a summer library for his has a range of maritime sites, from In 2020: young cousin Frideswide Mussenden. fishing stations, landing places and shell middens to coastal defence sites – Awareness by local people and Occupying a precarious cliff top such as the Martello tower or World visitors of the value of the historic site, the was War II pill boxes. Castlerock has been a environment, maritime and cultural modelled on the Temple of Vesta at popular maritime resort since the 19th heritage will be increased; Tivoli in Italy and an inscription inside reads “Tis pleasant safety to behold Century. – The historic fabric of the from shore the rolling ship and hear The Magilligan sand dune system was Binevenagh AONB and the special the tempest roar”. Other interesting once the largest and most profitable character of the villages will be buildings built by Bishop Hervey commercial rabbit warrens in Ireland preserved and enhanced; include both the Bishops and Lions producing fur and meat. Gates. All of these buildings are now – Historic monuments and sites, owned by the National Trust. Bishop Off shore there are a large number of will be protected, enhanced and Hervey also commissioned a number ship wreck sites, with seven wrecks promoted; of famine relief projects including the or strandings on Tunes Bank alone. – New developments will respect the Bishops Road which today provides There are at least 25 shipwrecks and unique landscape and heritage of a spectacular scenic route that runs strandings recorded as occurring at the the AONB; across Binevenagh plateau, with Barmouth. New sites are discovered splendid views of the Scottish coast regularly and entered into the Northern – Local people and visitors will and Donegal. Ireland Sites and Monuments Record. share and celebrate their cultural The area has a rich tradition in fishing heritage. The railway line was developed in 1845. practises and traditional boat usage. Only two of the four original stations The following gives a brief summary within the AONB are still in use, at Examples of Issues: of the Historic Environment within the Castlerock and Bellarena, with Downhill Binevenagh AONB. For more details and Magilligan closed. Downhill tunnel, – A loss of connection to the rich see the State of the AONB Report. one of the longest in Ireland, was maritime culture blasted in 1846 (the “Great Blast”). – The impacts of climate change 2. History: The first large-scale Ordnance Survey and sea level rise is putting many maritime sites under threat. The landscape of Binevenagh AONB measurements and mapping took place partly within the Binevenagh AONB (two Especially at risk are sites in the reflects a long and rich history of dune systems human activity from prehistoric of the base towers and a benchmark occupation sites to settlements and are situated in the AONB). Examples of Opportunities: ecclesiastical remains dating from Examples of Issues: the early Christian period to more – It is important that the maritime recent times with the Plantation Period – Lack of dedicated point of culture of the area is recorded and (17th century) and the rise of estates information on the history of celebrated (Bellarena House, Drenagh House, the area – Provision of interpretation of Fruithill House), the construction of the – Loss of traditional practices maritime heritage railway from Coleraine to Londonderry in the 19th century, and World War II Examples of Opportunities: defence heritage buildings. – Rich and diverse history There are many traditional practices unique to the area especially farming in – Creation of a dedicated point of lowlands, as well as in quarrying, peat information Historic cutting and forestry. – Training in traditional skills Environment

Photograph by James Gaile, St Aidan’s Primary School

BINEVENAGH AREA OF OUTSTANDING NATURAL BEAUTY MANAGEMENT PLAN 2010-2020 Historic Environment 32/33

4. Archaeology shore at Greencastle, Co Donegal, 5.3 Listed buildings commanding the strategically important The area is rich in small traditional There are a number of sites, entrance to Lough Foyle. monuments and features of farmsteads. The pattern of land use archaeological interest recorded in the Examples of Issues: has given these buildings a distinctive Binevenagh AONB. The Grangemore and specific local character. The main – The monument is not normally sand dune system has produced farm dwelling is normally grouped with open to the public. However, the worked prehistoric flint, pottery and high quality and distinctive smaller monument proved very popular burnt stone and is currently dated the vernacular agricultural buildings which when opened as part of the NIEA’s earliest such sand dune occupation in are now redundant from their original “Living History” series of free Ireland. Other sites of interest include use. These buildings form an important events in August 2008 and 2009 Castlerock and Ballymulholland. part of the character of the landscape – Climate change in the form of sea and cultural heritage of the area. A total of 152 historic sites and level rising poses a threat to the monuments within Binevenagh AONB The Northern Ireland Tourist Board Martello Tower are recorded on the Northern Ireland (NITB) research has identified the Sites and Monuments Record (NISMR). Examples of Opportunities: historic built environment as a primary reason given by tourists for their visit to Examples of Issues: – NIEA are considering opening the Northern Ireland. monument on a more regular basis, – Lack of awareness of the historic There are 77 listed buildings, with 4 but provision of lighting within the environment buildings as category A: Bellarena Tower, health and safety issues and House, Martello Tower, Mussenden budgetary constraints will have to – Threats from farming Limited Temple and Hezlett House. awareness of rich archaeological be addressed first features A second round of surveys is being 5.2 Scheduled carried out to reassess the condition of Examples of Opportunities: historic monuments listed buildings current condition. – Raise awareness of rich and scheduled areas Examples of Issues: archaeological features A total of 24 monuments have been – Small vernacular agricultural scheduled for protection within the – Agri-environment agreements to buildings, which do not quite meet Binevenagh AONB. These monuments protect and manage archaeological the criteria to be listed, are under and areas range in date from the monuments threat of falling into disuse and prehistoric sand dune system at disrepair – Provide interpretation of local Grangemore to the World War II anti- Source: Shamrock, Rose & Thistle: Folk Singing in North Derry. Hugh Shields, 1981. archaeology aircraft battery at Lower Drummans – There are currently 3 buildings specifically identified by the Built Examples of Issues: 5. Designated buildings Heritage at Risk Northern Ireland and monuments – Monitoring, condition Public access Register of being at risk. There is Examples of Opportunities: a risk of loss of character when Of the 152 sites noted above, 24 sites – Threats posed by agricultural restored. Awareness and availability – Small vernacular agricultural are scheduled monuments and, as activity of information on each is variable buildings can offer rich such, are protected under the Historic opportunities for conversion to – Challenges from developments from one building to the other Monuments and Archaeological tourist use, e.g. holiday cottages, Objects (NI) Order 1995. One Examples of Opportunities: – Agricultural activities such as barn accommodation, hostels, or monument, the Martello Tower at ploughing, drainage, livestock outdoor pursuit centres Magilligan, is in state care. – Most of these scheduled have the potential to damage – Keeping the listed building stock monuments are in private monuments. in a good state of repair with well 5.1 State care monuments ownership and, as such, facilitating – The Second survey may result in maintained exteriors. Significant public access to them is either Although Martello Towers are found de-listings landmark buildings, i.e. those with a problematic or not possible. An throughout the world, the Tower at high degree of visibility to the public opportunity exists to liaise with Magilligan is the only one located in should be singled out for attention Northern Ireland. It was built in 1812 those sites owned by public bodies and forms part of a chain of towers built or other organisations (e.g. the – The listed buildings 2nd survey is between 1804 and 1812 by the British National Trust, Forest Service, currently being undertaken and authorities to defend against possible Trustees of St Aidan’s Parish may lead to additional listings invasion from Napoleonic forces from Church) to try to increase public Photograph by Chloe Morrow, Primary School awareness of these sites. – European Heritage Open Days France. The Magilligan Tower forms one offer an opportunity for the public of a pair with the other on the opposite to visit important buildings

BINEVENAGH AREA OF OUTSTANDING NATURAL BEAUTY MANAGEMENT PLAN 2010-2020 Historic Environment 34/35

6. Cultural heritage Cultural heritage is strongly linked to Examples of Issues: the built environment. The “Giant’s Cultural heritage in the Binevenagh Sconce” is associated in early medieval – Rich cultural heritage not always AONB include the followings: documentation with a royal fortress and accessible – Influence of sports such as Gaelic a number of warriors mentioned in early – There is a lack of awareness of games in some parts of the AONB; Irish literature, including the Irish Cycle. the rich cultural history and the There are several important churches traditional crafts which were once – Strong culture of songs and music, including St Aidans, Dunboe, Aghanloo very common practice within the from old traditional music to more and Tamlaghtard. recent singers including Eddie – Loss of traditions Butcher (1900-1980); The railway journey through the Binevenagh AONB (from Coleraine Examples of Opportunities: – Oral traditions including the burial towards Londonderry) was featured in place of the harpist Denis O Michael Palin’s television series “Great – Need for a dedicated point of Hampsey at St Aidans; Railway Journey’s of the World”. information for the AONB – Importance of genealogy (linked to migrations in and out of the area); – Importance of townlands in understanding landscape and historic environment...

Photograph by James Gaile, St Aidan’s Primary School Photograph by Conor O’Kane, Ballyhackett Primary School

BINEVENAGH AREA OF OUTSTANDING NATURAL BEAUTY MANAGEMENT PLAN 2010-2020 Historic Environment 36/37

7. Management Objectives Objective 2: for the Historic Environment Ensure that knowledge of In order to fulfil the aims for Historic historic environment and Environment a series of objectives cultural heritage available in and proposed actions have been the AONB is comprehensive: developed. Please refer to the Action Plan for details on delivering these. 2.2.1 Provide advice to building developers Objective 1: 2.2.2 Provide information and advice for Improve awareness of, and owners of historic buildings participation in, the historic 2.2.3 Establish a coordinated series of environment and encourage seminars and training for the historic its enjoyment by all, enhancing environment and cultural heritage access where appropriate: 2.2.4 Investigate the history of migrations to and from the 2.1.1 Establish a coordinated annual Binevenagh AONB programme of events in relation to historic environment and cultural 2.2.5 Investigate Binevenagh AONB’s heritage, ensuring that these can be townlands names and patterns enjoyed by all Objective 3: 2.1.2 Produce an audit of relevant information, including leaflets, websites Ensure good protection of etc, in relation to historic environment designated buildings, sites and cultural heritage and monuments: 2.1.3 Provide advice and information for 2.3.1 Review the Northern Ireland historic buildings and monuments Sites and Monuments Record (NISMR) 2.1.4 Develop participatory projects, and identify and propose further including training monuments in Binevenagh AONB for scheduling including maritime heritage 2.1.5 Enhance public access to historic sites buildings within and around the AONB 2.3.2 Complete survey of listed 2.1.6 Prepare an interpretation plan for buildings in the AONB the historic environment and cultural heritage in the Binevenagh AONB 2.3.3 Ensure that endangered listed buildings and monuments are identified 2.1.7 Develop an historical information as being at risk point for the AONB 2.3.4 Carry out conservation work 2.1.8 Create and maintain a central GIS on the most sensitive buildings and database covering all Themes, Land monuments, as identified on NIEAs and and Sea, Historic Environment, and BHARNI (Built Heritage At Risk Northern Sustainable Communities Ireland) prioritised lists 2.3.5 Provide management advice and guidance to owners of designated buildings and monuments 2.3.6 Ensure the most sensitive and rich archaeological sites in the Binevenagh AONB are protected

Photograph by Christine McNally, Ballyhackett Primary School Photograph by Ryan McCracken, Bellarena Primary School

BINEVENAGH AREA OF OUTSTANDING NATURAL BEAUTY MANAGEMENT PLAN 2010-2020 38/39

1. Management Aims for “Designation as an Area of Outstanding – Some major developments could Natural Beauty does not necessarily have a significant impact on the Sustainable Communities rule out certain forms of development. character of the AONB and the However the first principle of practice designation of Binevenagh as an In 2020: is that the Department will not be AONB (e.g. landfill site project at – The local community and visitors prepared to permit schemes that would Cam Road) be detrimental to environmental quality. awareness of special quality and Examples of Opportunities: value of the Binevenagh AONB is It is up to architects and designers to increased put forward proposals which reflect an – Review of Public Administration appreciation of, and sympathy for, the – The AONB is cherished by its local special character of each AONB. – Planning Reform population Planning applications for housing, – Local communities are vibrant industrial, and tourist-related 3. Community vibrancy and actively involved in the development, in AONB towns and There are community groups and management of the Binevenagh villages, will be judged on the basis associations in the AONB related AONB of the effect of the proposals on the to economic development and the setting of the settlement within the pursuit of cultural heritage. Some of – The local economy is thriving AONB, as well as scale, design and these groups belong to the Coleraine based on sustainable development other planning and environmental Rural and Urban Network (Castlerock principles considerations. Community Association) on the – All business sectors (including eastern part of the AONB and the Roe In assessing development proposals farming and forestry) are viable Valley Community Forum (Magilligan within Areas of Outstanding Natural and play an integral part in the Community Association and Aghanloo Beauty, including those parts subject Community Association). management of the AONB to policy constraint, the Department’s The AONB is accessed between – Well managed outdoor recreation aim will not only be to protect their Coleraine and Limavady on the B201 opportunities are increased, unique qualities but also to promote or A37 roads. Train service referred to increasing the enjoyment of the area the enjoyment and make a positive above, between Coleraine and Derry, contribution to their conservation. New stops at two stations within the AONB The following gives a brief summary of buildings should respect, and may have (Castlerock and Bellarena). The 134 the Sustainable Communities within the to reflect, the traditional architectural bus service between Limavady and Binevenagh AONB, for more details see styles and settlement pattern. Coleraine passes through the AONB. the State of the AONB Report. Applicants and their professional Apart from the ferry at Magilligan, there advisers should take particular care is no harbour sited within the AONB. over the retention or reconstruction of 2. Planning In terms of social and economic traditional boundary details, such as dimensions, Castlerock Ward ranked Development proposals are assessed hedges, walls, trees and gates, around and regulated through the planning 387th out of 890 according to the new developments in AONBs.” Multiple Deprivation Measure 2005, system. Land Use Planning, Planning whilst Magilligan Ward scored 225th, 1 Policy and Guidance Notes are provided With the proposed Review of Public being the most deprived ward and 890 within Regional Strategies, Planning Administration and Planning Reform, least deprived. Policy Statements, Area Plans and Local most planning responsibilities will go to Plans. The Draft Northern Area Plan is local authorities. Examples of Issues: the key document for land use planning It perhaps goes without saying that – Affordable housing within the AONB. Planning policy is the planning system has a significant guided by Planning Policy Statements impact on both the natural & historic – Threats to ferry and train services (PPS). 15 PPSs and draft PPSs are environment, and that the integrity of – Development of second homes and relevant to the area, which cover the AONB therefore depends on robust caravan parks may have an impact issues such as nature conservation, planning policies and decisions. on community vibrancy access, archaeology, transport, outdoor recreation, sustainable development, Examples of Issues: Examples of Opportunities: renewable energy. Sustainable – Status of the Northern Area Plan – Develop links between community In addition there is a policy that directly groups on the east and on the west relates to AONBs; Policy DES4: Areas – Review of Public Administration – Develop strong links with the sea of Outstanding Natural Beauty, of “A – Planning Reform Planning Strategy for Rural Northern Communities – No design guide for the AONB Ireland”, the following is taken from this document:

Photograph courtesy of Coleraine Borough Council

BINEVENAGH AREA OF OUTSTANDING NATURAL BEAUTY MANAGEMENT PLAN 2010-2020 Sustainable Communities 40/41

4. Economy Benone tourist complex is also within the AONB to service the local a popular venue for visitors population and visitors. Agriculture is the main business / (approximately 100,000 visitors a year). employer in the area with nearly 100 The Binevenagh AONB is part of the farms between the Castlerock and Both Benone Beach and Portstewart Northern Ireland Tourist Board’s Giant’s Magilligan wards and 134 people Strand are Blue flag beaches. These Causeway, Antrim & Causeway Coast employed. The sandy soil of the alongside Downhill Beach and Signature Project. A key element of this Magilligan lowland is one of the Castlerock Strand attract numerous is the Causeway Coastal Route, linking most fertile areas in Northern Ireland, visitors especially during sunny week- Belfast to Derry, which runs through the traditionally growing carrots. However ends. AONB and is a NITB strategic driving trail aimed at improving access to visitor there has been a shift in agricultural The area also attracts bird watchers, sites and attractions and ensuring that practices towards amenity turf visiting the area on a regular basis the area will maximise the economic development. either along Lough Foyle or at the Bann and social opportunities derived from Estuary (National Trust’s bird hide). Forestry is another important industry in tourism. the area. There has been much development Examples of Issues: Magilligan prison and its planned especially over recent years of outdoor expansion, and the military training recreation activities, including the – The area is not visited equally, camp has potential influence on the following examples: some honey pots local economy, in terms of supplying – Coastal activities such as kiting, – Under development of forest areas service goods and staff. surfing and kite surfing which is for recreation purposes, leading to Tourism is a growing economic activity increasing in popularity. unofficial use of forest for outdoor and potentially one of the main ones, – Hover craft, gliding club. activities with over £200 million revenue between – Car parking on beaches Coleraine and Limavady Borough – Walking with a number of short Councils, with the main sector of walks at Binevenagh Mountain, Examples of Opportunities: expenditure being on food and drinks. Mussenden Temple, Benone Tourism activity is increasingly being Strand or Magilligan Point and – Development of outdoor recreation spread throughout the year and not the re-development of the Ulster opportunities. Development of just confined to the traditionally busy Way going through Cam Forest to tourism in the area Castlerock. summer months. – Visiting pattern moving from Easter There are some local shops, mainly – Horse riding is a popular activity and summer period towards year- in Castlerock and some along the especially along the long strands in long the area. Seacoast Road. – The AONB lies between two NITB Examples of Issues : – Cycling: short routes (Binevenagh Signature Projects, the Giant’s Forest, Castlerock to Downhill Causeway, Antrim & Causeway – Changes in farming practices Forest), medium route (Downhill Coast and the Walled City of Derry, Economic situation of the area to Magilligan). Sustrans National creating opportunities to link the within the region’s economy Route 93 (which is partially hosted projects and market the AONB with by Forest Service) going through them Examples of Opportunities: the AONB. Currently no dedicated – New Forestry Act which will provide mountain biking opportunities. – Shift of economy from just opportunities for recreational use of agriculture and forestry to – Canoeing: Lower Bann canoe state forests additional activities such as tourism trail, development of coastal sea kayaking. 5. Visiting – Shore angling and fly fishing There are more than 165,000 visitors a There is a range of tourist year to Portstewart Strand (NT, 2008) accommodations, dominated by and less than 3,000 at Hezlett House caravan parks (mainly fixed caravans). Photograph by Conor Kelly, St Anthony’s Primary School (NITB, 2007). Other attractions include There is also small B&Bs and self- Downhill Demesne and Mussenden catering accommodations and growing Temple with 32,000 visitors (NT, 2008) numbers of campervans. Bigger hotels and the Martello Tower. The National are found outside the AONB such Trust has identified Downhill Demesne as Radisson in Limavady or hotels as a site capable of supporting large in Coleraine. However there is a lack events and is currently exploring this of small hotels and guest houses potential.

BINEVENAGH AREA OF OUTSTANDING NATURAL BEAUTY MANAGEMENT PLAN 2010-2020 Sustainable Communities 42/43

6. Management Objective 2: Objective 3: Objectives for Enable vibrant communities Ensure that the Binevenagh Sustainable Communities to grow sustainably in AONB offers first class In order to fulfil the aims for Sustainable the Binevenagh AONB experience for visitors and Communities a series of objectives by stimulating economic local people wanting to enjoy and proposed actions have been prosperity and local culture, the area especially in the developed. Please refer to the Action Plan for details on delivering these. and maintaining the distinctive outdoor recreation domain: character of the area: 3.3.1 Develop a sustainable tourism Objective 1: 3.2.1 Develop village plan for Castlerock label such as the European Charter for Encourage and enhance and investigate similar plans for other Sustainable Tourism in protected areas a sense of ownership, settlements in the west and create links 3.3.2 Develop new and improved awareness and respect for the 3.2.2 Promotion of good planning policy outdoor recreation opportunities distinctive character of the area and practice for the Binevenagh AONB 3.3.3 Further develop Benone as a amongst visitors and 3.2.3 Develop a food promotion centre for coastal activities such as programme and improve local markets surfing, wind-surfing and kiting, offering local people: opportunities for both classes and 3.1.1 Develop a sustainable 3.2.4 Provide guideline advice and hiring facilities information on financial assistance communities information point for the 3.3.4 Develop appropriate, quality visitor AONB available to farmers looking into diversification accommodation and services 3.1.2 Create and maintain a central GIS 3.2.5 Ensure that houses are affordable 3.3.5 Develop a beach management database covering all Themes, Land strategy and Sea, Historic Environment and for those who want to permanently live Sustainable Communities in the Binevenagh AONB 3.3.6 Prepare an integrated sustainable freshwater recreation fishing plan 3.1.3 Develop engagement 3.2.6 Ensure that workspace programmes opportunities are provided to local businesses including access to the 3.1.4 Develop “Friends of the AONB” latest communication technology programme aimed at engaging schools, local businesses and individuals 3.2.7 Promote sustainable development principals 3.2.8 Improve the balance between people and biodiversity 3.2.9 Investigate appropriate opportunities for renewable energy in the AONB respectful of the special qualities of the area 3.2.10 Investigate opportunities to set up a funding programme similar to the Sustainable Development Fund managed by other AONBs on mainland UK 3.2.11 Ensure that existing public transport opportunities (including train and ferry) are preserved and enhanced

Photograph by Liam McElhinney, St Aidan’s Primary School

BINEVENAGH AREA OF OUTSTANDING NATURAL BEAUTY MANAGEMENT PLAN 2010-2020 44/45

1. Management Aims Its purposes are: 4. Management objectives In 2020: – To achieve the AONB Management for Making it happen – Plan long term Vision arrangements – The achievement of the – To protect, conserve and enhance Management Plan’s 20 year vision the natural, cultural and built In order to fulfil the aims for “Making will be well underway heritage of the Binevenagh AONB. it happen – arrangements” a series of objectives and proposed actions have – The Management of the – To promote the sustainable social been developed. Please refer to the Binevenagh AONB will be an and economic development of Action Plan for details on delivering example of good practice, the the AONB, particularly when such these. implementation of its Management activity conserves and enhances Plan well underway and all partners the environment. Objective 1: will be committed – To encourage enjoyment of the Establish a mechanism for – The Binevenagh AONB will have area where it is consistent with the the effective implementation a dedicated management unit first two purposes. sufficiently resourced to provide of the Binevenagh AONB appropriate work to protect the AONBs in England and Wales Management Plan designation for the benefit of local administer a Sustainable Development 4.1.1 Appropriate Assessment of the people and visitors Fund that helps to fund small scale projects on environmental management Action Plan – The unit will provide a strong and social and economic development. 4.1.2 Economic Assessment of the leadership and direction for the AONB future of Binevenagh AONB whilst Binevenagh AONB presently lies within being receptive to the views of both Coleraine and Limavady borough 4.1.3 Publish, disseminate and all people, and at the same time councils. After 2011 and the proposed implement the Binevenagh AONB be willing to adapt to changing Review of Public Administration (RPA) Management Plan circumstances the AONB will be within the Causeway Coast District Council. 4.1.4 Develop a Binevenagh AONB Management Unit 2. Status of the Examples of Issues: 4.1.5 Ensure Binevenagh AONB needs Binevenagh AONB – No dedicated Binevenagh AONB are taken into consideration at all policy Management Unit, the coordination levels AONBs in Northern Ireland are is undertaken by the Causeway designated under the Nature 4.1.6 Develop a budget for the core Coast and Glens Heritage Trust on Conservation and Amenity Lands Order functions of the AONB Management limited resources. (NI) 1985. This Order requires all public Unit and for projects bodies to “have regard to the need – The limited resource for AONB to conserve the natural beauty and management in Northern Ireland, amenity of the countryside”. mainly comes from the Northern This Plan should help the public Ireland Environment Agency bodies identify how they can act to – Weak legislation express this regard”. – Uncertainty regarding post-RPA’s 3. Management of the status of AONB and protected area Binevenagh AONB management Examples of Opportunities: The Binevenagh AONB Management Forum, through its member – Post-RPA’s status of AONB and organisations, is the key delivery protected area management mechanism for the Management Plan. – Development of an AONB The aim of the Binevenagh Management Unit Wide range MAKING Management Forum is “to protect, of support for the Binevenagh enhance and promote the Binevenagh Management Plan & Action Plan Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONB) for the benefit of the people IT HAPPEN who live there and the visitors who come to enjoy it, for this generation and – ARRANGEMENTS the future generations.”

Photograph by Christine McMally, Ballyhackett Primary School

BINEVENAGH AREA OF OUTSTANDING NATURAL BEAUTY MANAGEMENT PLAN 2010-2020 Making it happen – arrangements 46/47

Photograph by Chloe Morrow, Macosquin Primary School

BINEVENAGH AREA OF OUTSTANDING NATURAL BEAUTY MANAGEMENT PLAN 2010-2020 48/49

3. Planning Policy Area Plans Statements Area Plans are the next tier of planning document below the RDS. Their aim Planning Policy Statements (PPS) is to guide development in conformity contain policies on land-use and with the RDS. The draft Northern Area other planning matters for the whole Plan (2016), which covers much of of Northern Ireland. They set out the the north area of the AONB for the main planning considerations that four districts of Ballymoney, Coleraine, the Department of Environment takes Limavady and Moyle was published in into account in assessing proposals May 2005. for development and preparing development plans. The PPSs, together The Area Plan seeks to protect rural with other planning policies contained areas through the designation of within the documents described Green Belt and Countryside Policy below, offer protection from harmful Areas. The AONB is designated as development that might adversely affect a Countryside Policy Area (CPA) the rural character of its setting. within the draft Northern Area Plan (designated under the North Derry The relevant Planning Policy AONB, as the Binevenagh AONB Statements that help to protect the was when the Draft North Area Plan AONB and its resources include: was published). The aim of CPA – A Planning Strategy for Rural designation is to protect and enhance Northern Ireland the unique landscape character. – PPS 1: General Principles Management Other guidance – PPS 2: Planning and Nature Conservation The “Design Guide for Rural Northern Ireland” offers guidance to anyone – PPS 3: Access, Movement wanting to build in the countryside. Plan context and Parking Its purpose is to improve the quality – PPS 4: Planning and Economic of design and to help ensure that new 1. The planning The vision of the Strategy is to “… The Strategy sees the key regional Development buildings fit into the landscape. create an outward-looking, dynamic challenges as, to: – PPS 6: Planning, Archaeology and policy framework and liveable region and to sustain a – accommodate future development the Built Heritage high quality of life for all”. The Strategy The Management Plan is a growth while protecting and caring has a recurring theme of sustainability – PPS 7: Quality Residential non-statutory document which for the environment. presents recommendations for alongside a strong emphasis on social Environments cohesion and economic progress. – reduce the consumption of land management and economic – PPS 7: Addendum Residential resources. development in the AONB. It sits Central to the RDS is the Spatial Extensions and Alterations alongside a framework of planning Development Strategy which aims – continue to maintain or, where – PPS 8: Open Space, Sport and policy for Northern Ireland and reflects to promote balanced and integrated needed, to improve the quality of Outdoor Recreation many of the policies and guidance for growth in urban and rural areas, to air, water and land resources within development in the Region. enhance equality of opportunity and the region. – PPS 11: Planning and offer the choice to meet the varied Waste Management – seek to maintain local landscape 2. Regional needs of a divided society. The aim character and to conserve cultural of the Strategy is “…to develop an – PPS 12: Housing in Settlements Above: Development Strategy assets. Photograph by Kelsy Farlow, attractive and prosperous rural area, – PPS 13: Transportation and Macosquin Primary School The regional planning framework is based on a balanced and integrated – take particular care to sustain and, Land Use Opposite: the Regional Development Strategy approach to the development of where required, to enhance the – PPS 15: Planning and Flood Risk Photograph by Amber McMullan, for Northern Ireland (RDS), entitled town, village and countryside, in biodiversity of the region, its natural Bellarena Primary School “shaping the Future”. The Strategy order to sustain a strong and vibrant habitats, high quality landscapes – PPS 17: Control of Outdoor guides the future development of rural community and economy, and built heritage. Advertisements Northern Ireland to 2025 to meet the and to conserve and enhance the needs of the region with a population environment”. The overall approach, together with the – PPS 18: Renewable Energy fast approaching 2 million. objectives and actions contained within this plan, follow closely the strategic – PPS 21 (Draft): Sustainable objectives laid out in the “Rural Northern Development in the Countryside Ireland” section of the Strategy.

BINEVENAGH AREA OF OUTSTANDING NATURAL BEAUTY MANAGEMENT PLAN 2010-2020 List of Acronyms 50/51

AONB NT This Management Plan was Area of Outstanding Natural National Trust developed and produced through Beauty funding provided by Northern MoD Ireland Environment Agency, ASSI Ministry of Defence Coleraine Borough Council and Area of Special Scientific Interest MOSS Limavady Borough Council. BHARNI Management of Sensitive All the images within this document Built Heritage At Risk Sites Scheme were taken as part of the Picture Northern Ireland PPS This! Binevenagh AONB 2009 CCGHT Planning Policy Statement Primary School Photography Causeway Coast and Glens Project (unless otherwise stated). RDS Heritage Trust All the winning pictures can be Rural Development Strategy viewed at www.ccght.org CPA (for Northern Ireland) Countryside Policy Area The Causeway Coast and Glens RPA Heritage Trust provides secretariat NI Review of Public Administration support for the Binevenagh AONB Northern Ireland SAC Management Forum. NICMS Northern Ireland Special Area of Conservation For further information Countryside Management Scheme SLNCIs please contact: NIEA Sites of Local Nature Causeway Coast Northern Ireland Conservation Importance and Glens Heritage Trust Environment Agency SPA Tilly Molloy’s NITB Special Protection Area 18 Main St Northern Ireland Tourist Board SuDS Armoy NISMR Northern Ireland Sites and Sustainable Drainage Scheme Co Antrim Monuments Record BT53 8RQ UWT Tel: 028 2075 2100 NNR Ulster Wildlife Trust National Nature Reserves Email: [email protected] Web: www.ccght.org

Photograph by Jordan Tannahill, Hezlett Primary School Photograph by Chelsea Moore, Macosquin Primary School

BINEVENAGH AREA OF OUTSTANDING NATURAL BEAUTY MANAGEMENT PLAN 2010-2020 Causeway Coast and Glens Heritage provides a secretariat service for the Binevenagh AONB. The trust is grateful for support from the following organisations:

Printed on FSC approved paper from well-managed forests and other controlled sources. Date of publication June 2010.

BINEVENAGH AREA OF OUTSTANDING NATURAL BEAUTY MANAGEMENT PLAN 2010-2020