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MMBG Newsletter No. 81

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MONMOUTHSHIRE MOTH & BUTTERFLY GROUP NEWSLETTER No 81 January - March 2012. A monthly newsletter covering Gwent and Monmouthshire Vice County 35 Editor: Martin Anthoney Brindled Beauties There are three species of moth flying in the spring in Gwent that have Brindled Beauty in their name: Small Brindled Beauty, Pale Brindled Beauty and Brindled Beauty itself. The first two have flightless females so only the males fly to light, whereas both sexes of Brindled Beauty are attracted, though as with many moth species the males predominate at light. Small Brindled Beauty (Ian Rabjohns) Pale Brindled Beauty Brindled Beauty Small Brindled Beauty is the scarcest of the three species. Three were caught at Llandogo in 2011, but before that it had not been recorded in the county for 30 years. In the light of this it is encouraging that two further individuals have been seen in 2012 (at Penallt). As the name suggests, the male is smaller than the other two species, hairy, and always gives me the appearance of being too short for its wingsize. Its main foodplant is 1 oak and it is rarely found away from well-wooded areas with oaks. As the National Moth Recording Scheme map opposite shows, it is mostly a moth of south-east England, and its range only just extends into Wales. The male flies in February and March. Pale Brindled Beauty is a larger and much more widespread moth. When fresh the male has a distinct green tinge to the wings which, together with a body that is tinged pink and marked with a black pattern, serves to distinguish it from Brindled Beauty. It flies earlier in the year than Brindled Beauty, usually in February and March in Gwent, though it has been recorded as early as the November of the previous year. In parts of Britain a melanic variety forms a significant proportion of the population, but this variety is very uncommon in Gwent. The larvae feed on a range of trees and shrubs, and in early spring the flightless females can be found at dawn at the base of the trunks. Brindled Beauty flies slightly later, usually in March and April, appearing just as Pale Brindled Beauty is finishing. The earliest recorded Gwent date is 8th March. It is a more stocky, more hairy moth than Pale Brindled Beauty, and though flecked with yellow when fresh it never has the green tinge to the wings or the pink abdomen of its earlier relative. Specimens can usually also be separated by the much heavier black banding of Brindled Beauty. Like Pale Brindled Beauty, its larvae feed on a range of trees and bushes and the species is common and widespread over the whole of the county. Martin Anthoney Dotted Chestnut The headline species for early 2012 are a repetition of those for early 2011: Small Brindled Beauty and Dotted Chestnut. Small Brindled Beauty was discussed in the previous article. Apart from two historical records for Monmouthshire (1869) and Tintern (1876), nothing was heard of Dotted Chestnut in the county until the year 2000. In the twelve years of the current century there have been eight Gwent records of this nationally notable (Nb) species, all in March and April after hibernation. Similar patterns have been observed in other southern counties (eg Buckinghamshire, Glamorgan and Warwickshire) of recent records following a 100 year gap, suggesting the species is expanding its range. 2 As the map shows, the distribution of the eight recent records is along the eastern and southern edges of the county: could this be because its expansion is into the warmest parts of Gwent? The records are nearly all for gardens or open areas (eg Magor Marsh or Newport Wetlands); in Gwent, Dotted Chestnut does not appear to be a woodland species. Very little is accurately known of its early stages, as witnessed by the varied claims to be found in the literature: the caterpillar “feeds on apple”, “on most deciduous trees”, “later instars on herbaceous plants such as dandelion”, “is a cannibal” and “has an association with ants”. Clearly a lot more remains to be learned about this interesting but uncommon moth. Recent Highlights 2012 started as 2011 finished, to produce one of the warmest and driest winters and early springs on record, with only two or three days of snow in early February. This unseasonal weather has produced many very early emergences, with 3 butterflies and 12 macro moths having their earliest ever dates, with a total of 11 butterfly and 41 macro-moth species being seen by the end of March also being a new record. In such a season, do Hebrew Character and Double-striped Pug coming to light on 27th December count as extra generations for 2011, very early first generations for 2012, or perhaps both? 22nd Dec 2011 Pale Brindled Beauty and Satellite to light at Risca (Martin Anthoney) 27th Dec 2011 Hebrew Character and Double-striped Pug to light at Risca (Martin Anthoney) 29th Dec 2011 Satellite to light at Penallt (Ian Rabjohns) 2nd Jan Mottled Umber and Chestnut to light at Risca (Martin Anthoney) 7th Jan Hebrew Character at Penallt (Stephanie Tyler) 8th Jan Common Quaker to light at Risca (Martin Anthoney) 10th Jan. A very late December Moth to light at Risca. The mild winter produced a very extended flight period for this species (eleven weeks, 24th Oct to 10th Jan) (Martin Anthoney) 11th Jan Small Quaker to light at Risca (Martin Anthoney) Red Admiral butterfly flying at Penallt (Ian Rabjohns) 13th Feb Early Thorn moth at Ochrwyth (Richard Clarke) 19th Jan Dark Chestnut to light at Risca (Martin Anthoney) 28th Jan Early Moth to light at Risca (Martin Anthoney) 12th Feb Dotted Border at Ochrwyth (Richard Clarke) 15th Feb 7 Dotted Border to light at Wonaston, Monmouth (Heather Colls) 16th Feb Oak Beauty to light at Risca (Martin Anthoney) Spring Usher to light at Penallt (Stephanie Tyler) 23rd Feb Small Brindled Beauty to light at Penallt (Stephanie Tyler) Clouded Drab to light at Risca (Martin Anthoney) 24th Feb Early Grey to light at Risca (Martin Anthoney) Tawny Pinion to light at Melbourne Close, Newport (Roger James) 3 25th Feb Shoulder Stripe to light at Risca (Martin Anthoney) Small Tortoiseshell flying at St Mellons (Michael Field) another at Penallt (Ian Rabjohns) and two more at Rhiwderin and Ochrwyth (Richard Clarke) 27th Feb Grey Shoulder-knot to light at Risca (Martin Anthoney) 28th Feb Engrailed, Brindled Pug to light at Penallt (Ian Rabjohns) 29th Feb Twin-spotted Quaker and March Moth to light at Risca (Martin Anthoney) 10th Mar Small Brindled Beauty, Early Thorn and Early Tooth-striped moths at Penallt (Ian Rabjohns) Brimstone butterfly at Skenfrith (Martyn Evans) 11th Mar Immigrant Humming-bird Hawk moth noted feeding on flowering hyacinth in Abersychan. (Steve Williams) Brimstone butterfly at Mamhilad (Kris Roberts) 2 Comma, 1 Peacock, 2 Small Tortoiseshell butterflies seen during a worktask at Limekiln wood, Hendre. (MMBG) Another Comma at Ochrwyth, together with Red Chestnut moth (Richard Clarke) 19th Mar Holly Blue butterfly and Oak Nycteoline and Brindled Beauty moths at Melbourne Way, Newport (Roger James) 20th Mar Frosted Green at Beacon Hill, Trellech. Orange Underwing and more surprisingly Yellow Horned moths flying during the day at the same site. (Ray Armstrong) 21st Mar Small White butterfly at Penallt (Ian Rabjohns) Red-green Carpet at Melbourne Way, Newport (Roger James) 23rd Mar 2 Orange Underwing at Rogiet Country Park and 1 at Slade Wood (Martin Anthoney & Roger James) Orange-tip butterfly at Penallt (Ian Rabjohns) 24th Mar Dotted Chestnut and Satellite amongst thirteen species to light at Magor Marsh reserve. (Martin Anthoney & Roger James) Speckled Wood butterfly at St Julian’s, Newport (Gareth Tonks) Herald moth at Haisboro Avenue, Newport (Sheila Dupé) 26th Mar. White-marked moth to light at Penallt. (Stephanie Tyler) Orange Underwing at Devauden. (Gail Reynolds) White-marked (Stephanie Tyler) 30th Mar. Streamer, Mottled Grey, Purple Thorn, Nut-tree Tussock, Square Spot and Frosted Green moths amongst 15 species to light at Wyndcliff (Martin Anthoney & Roger James) Pine Beauty and Angle Shades at Melbourne Way, Newport (Roger James) 4 First Record Dates for the past six years The following tables show the dates of first records for the past six years, arranged chronologically for 2012, to give an indication of those species which have appeared early. Those marked with a star have set a new earliest date in 2012. Moths 2012 2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 22nd Dec & Nov 21st & Pale Brindled Beauty 02nd Feb 31st Jan 30th Jan 14th Jan 23rd Feb 19th Feb 22nd Dec & Satellite 19th Feb 26th Feb 19th Feb 07th Mar - 18th Mar 27th Dec & *Hebrew Character 11th Feb 25th Feb 19th Feb 07th Feb 19th Jan 07th Jan 27th Dec & *Double-striped Pug 15th Mar 19th Mar 18th Mar 14th Mar 26th Mar 16th Mar 30th Dec & Winter Moth 02nd Jan 31st Jan 19th Feb 30th Jan 01st Feb 10th Jan Mottled Umber 02nd Jan 02nd Jan 22nd Jan - - 10th Jan Chestnut 02nd Jan 25th Jan 27th Jan 30th Jan 20th Jan 30th Jan *Common Quaker 08th Jan 17th Feb 05th Mar 19th Feb 30th Jan 01st Feb *Small Quaker 11th Jan 23rd Feb 15th Mar 07th Mar 20th Feb 24th Feb Dark Chestnut 19th Jan 17th Jan 22nd Jan 25th Feb 23rd Jan 10th Jan Early Moth 28th Jan 18th Jan 05th Feb 17th Feb 14th Mar 30th Jan Dotted Border 12th Feb 11th Feb 26th Feb 17th Feb 05th Feb 22nd Feb *Early Thorn 13th Feb 12th Mar 05th Apr 28th Mar 29th Feb 10th Mar Oak Beauty 16th Feb 24th Feb 26th Feb 22nd Feb 20th Jan 29th Jan Spring Usher 16th Feb 12th Feb 05th Feb - - 27th Jan Clouded Drab 23rd Feb 11th Feb 12th Mar 25th Feb 23rd Feb 24th Feb Early Grey 24th Feb 09th Mar 15th Mar 26th Feb
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