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Review of Infrastructures and Preparedness Systems in France, Germany and United Kingdom for Potential Releases of Radioactivity Into the Environment

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Review of Infrastructures and Preparedness Systems in France, Germany and United Kingdom for Potential Releases of Radioactivity Into the Environment DE05F2516 Review of Infrastructures and Preparedness Systems in France, Germany and United Kingdom for Potential Releases of Radioactivity into the Environment I. Fiedler, G. Voigt1, J. Lochard2, P.Croüail2 A. Nisbet3, J. Mercer3, N. Green3, B. Wilkins3 Institut für Strahlenschutz 1 International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna Austria 2 Centre d'etudes sur I'Evaluation de la Protection dans le domaine Nucleaire, Paris France 3 National Radiation Protection Board, Chilton UK GSF- Bericht 05/04 I GSF-National Research Center for Environment and Health member of the Helmholtz Association Herausgeber: GSF • Forschungszentrum für Umwelt und Gesundheit, GmbH Ingolstädter Landstraße 1 D-85764 Neuherberg Telefon 089/3187-0 Telefax 089/3187-3372 Internet http://www.gsf.de Mitglied der Hermann von Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft Deutscher Forschungszentren (HGF) GSF-Forschungszentrum, 2004 ISSN 0721 -1694 Gedruckt auf umweltfreundlichem, chlorfrei gebleichtem Papier 2 Project Deliverable of the EC Project SAGE Strategies and guidance for establishing a practical radiation protection in Europe in case of long term radioactive contamination after a nuclear accident Review of Infrastructures and Preparedness Systems in France, Germany and United Kingdom for Potential Releases of Radioactivity into the Environment Contract No.: FIKR-CT2002-00205 Project No.: FIS5-2002-00040 edited by I. Fiedler (GSF) G. Voigt (IAEA) With contributions by Jacques Lochard, Pascal Croüail (CEPN) Anne Nisbet, Julie Mercer, Norman Green, Bernie Wilkins (NRPB) 3 Table of Contents 1 Introduction .................................................................................................. 5 2 Regulatory framework................................................................................. 6 2.1 Regulatory Framework in France............................................................................... 6 2.2 Regulatory framework in Germany............................................................................ 9 2.3 Regulatory framework in the United Kingdom........................................................ 11 2.3.1 General ............................................................................................................. 11 2.3.2 Legislation........................................................................................................ 11 3 Existing preparedness systems.................................................................. 14 3.1 France....................................................................................................................... 14 3.1.1 Emergency phase.............................................................................................. 14 3.1.1.1 Local level.................................................................................................... 14 3.1.1.2 National level............................................................................................... 15 3.1.2 Long term phase............................................................................................... 17 3.1.3 Availability of whole body contamination control systems in France............. 19 3.1.3.1 Equipments available at the French Radiological Protection and Nuclear Safety Institute (IRSN)................................................................................................. 19 3.1.3.2 Equipments available at Electricité de France (EDF) .................................. 20 3.1.3.3 Equipment available at the Atomic Energy Commission (CEA)................. 21 3.1.3.4 Equipments available by the AREVA group ............................................... 21 3.1.3.5 Other available WBCs in France.................................................................. 22 3.1.4 Dose rate and food contamination control systems in France.......................... 24 3.1.4.1 Routine gamma ambient dose rates surveillance ......................................... 24 3.1.4.2 Environmental sampling .............................................................................. 24 3.1.4.3 Emergency equipment (radiometers, spectrometers)................................... 25 3.2 Germany ................................................................................................................... 28 3.2.1 During emergency phase.................................................................................. 28 3.2.1.1 At local and regional level ........................................................................... 28 3.2.1.2 At national level ........................................................................................... 30 3.2.2 Precautionary radiation protection ................................................................... 30 3.2.3 Monitoring systems.......................................................................................... 32 3.2.3.1 REI ............................................................................................................... 34 3.2.3.2 KFÜ.............................................................................................................. 35 3.2.3.3 IMIS ............................................................................................................. 37 3.2.3.4 Environmental surveillance systems of the federal states............................ 39 3.2.3.5 Further radiation monitoring ........................................................................ 39 4 3.2.4 Medical Care.................................................................................................... 40 3.3 United Kingdom....................................................................................................... 42 3.3.1 During emergency phase.................................................................................. 42 3.3.1.1 At the local level .......................................................................................... 42 3.3.1.2 At the national level ..................................................................................... 43 3.3.2 Long term......................................................................................................... 47 3.3.3 Measurement systems ...................................................................................... 47 3.3.3.1 Other equipment........................................................................................... 47 4 Training of professionals ........................................................................... 51 4.1 France....................................................................................................................... 51 4.2 Germany ................................................................................................................... 52 4.3 United Kingdom....................................................................................................... 53 4.3.1 NRPB ............................................................................................................... 54 4.3.2 Emergency Planning College........................................................................... 54 5 Discussion .................................................................................................... 55 6 Conclusion................................................................................................... 58 7 Summary ..................................................................................................... 59 8 Abbreviations.............................................................................................. 61 8.1 France....................................................................................................................... 61 8.2 Germany ................................................................................................................... 61 8.3 United Kingdom....................................................................................................... 62 9 Literature .................................................................................................... 64 9.1 France....................................................................................................................... 64 9.2 Germany ................................................................................................................... 65 9.3 United Kingdom....................................................................................................... 66 10 List of Tables............................................................................................... 68 11 List of Figures ............................................................................................. 68 5 1 Introduction In the consequence of the post accidental management after the Chernobyl accident in the contaminated areas of the CIS countries trust and confidence of the affected population into the measures and regulations of experts and authorities have decreased with time. The evaluation of rehabilitation strategies in the contaminated areas clearly demonstrated the importance of involving the population into the management of their daily life to improve the rehabilitation programme implemented by the public authorities. The experience of the ETHOS Project1 has revealed that an effective and sustainable post accidental management is only possible if the dissemination of a practical radiological protection culture within all groups of population and especially within the professionals in charge of public health is pursued. This project
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