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Cogjm.Crsp Strong America.Pdf (2.584Mb) This booklet is published by the Upper Colorado River Commission. The Commission is the official agency representing the Federal Government and the states of Colorado, New Mexico, Utah and Wyoming in matters relating to the development and use of the water resources apportioned to the Upper Basin States by the Colorado River Compact and the Upper Colorado River Basin Compact. ,,,. UPPER COLORADO RIVER COMMISSION Headquarters: 748 North Avenue, Grand Junction, Colorado Cover Photo by Hal Rumel ~ ~· a,:;;;m 1T.'9 I It - ~, • :r, I * Authorized Projects ,>,,~ Projects subject to opproval and () authorization by Congress • Authorized Storage Dams Storage dam subject to approval II and authorization by Congress THE COLORADO: RIVER OF DESTINY The Colorado River is one of the great rivers of the world. It slashes across the western United States for 1700 miles, carving an awesome and Cenfro/ Utoh savage path and draining almost one-twelfth of the land area of the United States. UTAH This is the river that ripped wide fantastic Grand Canyon, a river that has its birth in the snow-cap­ ped Rockies and rolls through fertile valleys and picturesque canyons, across the southwestern desert. This is a strange river, this mighty Colorado. It's a river of destiny. DO That destiny, dreamed of by man for centuries, is to serve man. It is to provide the water that is the lifeblood of the West, to provide water for man to drink and to use to make this nation grow and prosper. Water in the west is the key to industrial and agricultural progress, and the Colorado River is the last big undeveloped "water hole" that will provide the means for conquering our last great frontier. :W MEXICO ARIZONA I By putting water from the Colorado River to use ~<>.f -by fulfilling this destiny-man will add greatly to w~ the nation's growth.Just what this Upper River development can mean to the people of the United States in new markets for goods and in a thousand other ways has been demonstrated in the Lower Basin of the Colorado, where part of the river has been tamed and the water put to use. The Lower Colorado River, its water and might harnessed by Hoover Dam, Imperial Dam, Davis Dam, Parker Dam, Morelos Dam and other de­ velopments, has been made to yield fantastic bene­ fits, not only for Southern California and Mexico but for the entire nation. But this is only half the story. A major volume in the history of the Colorado River is yet to be written: the development of the Upper Basin. , A plan to develop the river in its upper half has been devised after years of planning. The plan has been checked and re-checked, and it is sound in every respect. It is engineeringly and financially feasible. It protects completely Lower River rights. It pays for itself. ALLOCATION OF WATER was agreed upon through It is a magnificent plan, great for the West, great the Colorado River Com­ for America and great for all of its people. pact signed in 1922 and the Mexican Water Treaty of 1945. These agreements This plan is the Colorado River Storage Project. were approved by all parties concerned and roli· 1,500,000 fled by the Congress of the ACRE-FEET ANNUALLY United States. 2 ~--- ....... ~ - ~ - ,··-.JJ>\, ..,,.., . ~- ' How is a basin-wide project planned? The Colorado River Storage Project will be constructed In the case of the Colorado River Storage Project, under terms ef the Colorado River Compact. Otherwise, the engineering planning began many years ago. the Federal Government would never recommend such a development. Then came an honorable agreement among states to provide for that development. When all units of the Colorado River Storage Project proposed in current legislation are built, the That agreement, the Colorado River Compact, Upper Basin states will still be using less than 4 was negotiated in 1922 by seven states, Arizona, 1 million acre-feet annually, far short of-their 7 /2 California, Colorado, Nevada, New Mexico, Utah million acre-feet allotment. That 4 million acre-feet and Wyoming. This Compact subsequently was includes all present development and all units pro­ approved by the governors of those states, ratified posed for construction in the bill now before the by state legislatures and by the Congress of the House of Representatives. United States. Under provisions of the Colorado River Compact, This Compact was meant to open the door for a separate compact between the four Upper Basin development of both the Upper and Lower Basins of the Colorado River. It has been highly successful states (Colorado, New Mexico, Utah and Wyo­ ming) was negotiated in 1948. This is known as the in the Lower Basin, especially in southern California, but little development has taken place in the Upper Upper Colorado River Basin Compact. Basin. The Colorado River Storage Project meets pro­ The Compact recognized a dividing line between visions of that com pact as well as of the Colorado River Compact. the Upper and the Lower Basins, at Lee-; Ferry, Arizona. The Compact provides that the Upper LEE FERRY ... division point between upper and lower basin. 1/ 2 Basin can consume 7 million acre-feet of water River measurements will assure each year, and that the Lower Basin can use 81/2 lower basin offull share of water. million acre-feet. By treaty, Mexico is granted use of 11/ 2 million acre-feet. An acre-foot of water is that amount which would cover one acre to a depth of one foot. 3 MENACE OR NATURAL RESOURCE? River of menace or natural resource of national In the spring, when snows in the mountains melt, significance? the river rises swiftly, casting aside its winter dor­ That is the question concerning the Upper Colo­ mancy to become a flooding river that gouges deep rado River today. It can go on as a wild and turbu­ and treacherous channels. In the summer the river's lent stream or be put to work for man's good in the tributaries slow to a trickle; some of them stop· Upper Basin as has already been accomplished in altogether. When the water is most needed, it is the Lower Basin. gone. This was the problem. The Colorado River Storage Project provides the answer. The engineers had the answer: build main-stream dams to stop the floods and to store the water. Then This answer to a once seemingly unsolvable prob­ water will be available, stored in man-made reser­ lem hasn't been easy to find, principally because of voirs, for use when man wants it. the complex nature of the river. In solving this problem of seasonal fluctuations, 26- 24- 1 22- ~1'(.!.\l•I•:"' - ,- •: 20- ,- ... •• ., 18- ... Nl'I.IT- ·­ 1:::: • ::::: ,~' ~ . "''""~ 16- ~ . ' i ,-----VIRGIN FLOW STREAMFLOW 14- ,- ..... ~ - ,- \ ii I ~:;: IN MILLION ,.. 12 ACRE FEET - PER YEAR- 10- 11 n1t·1 I Iii IIH j'~ ~~m: ii ~,n i~-IT ~""-··~~~~~~VE a- AVERAGE OF VIRGIN FLOW 6- (PLOTTED AT END OF YE AR) 4- 2 - 4 0,.. .,,. .. .. ... ii" 'M - -.---------., '4 1t 1t----..------,.r Q 'Ii '1i 'U .,. --...-------.,_ 'M 11 1M 'fl ·411 ·,i IMf ... •, , ... --...MO l~s lffl - -- -iito--------U - ~J 'Ii-----.- ilii~t "'it'N--.-----.. -'if ... .. 'ii V ·« - ~ WATER YEAR 0 ,n I ,n !!! ; §!? ~ ~ ,n ~ ~ !!! !!! ,n ~ ~ i i i !!! ...... .....__ ,..-- "'!- ,. the planners had the answer to a second problem as control, the main-stream dams also create power for well. man's use from a renewable resource. After that it This problem was one of annual stream fluctua­ still can be put to beneficial consumptive use- for tion. In addition to jumping from high to low flow irrigating farms, for communities and for industries. as seasons change, the Colorado has its yearly ups Power, like water, is needed in the West, and the and downs, and they are drastic. In 191 7, nearly 22 people of the West are willing to pay for both water million acre-feet of water flowed from the Upper and power. Basin to the Lower Basin. In 1934 only 4.4 million This payment by the people makes the project acre-feet reached the division point between the two possible. basins. It means that the people who use the water and The main-stream dams will level off the seasonal power pay for the project. fluctuations and the yearly variations. The main-stream dams are wonderfully-con­ The main-stream dams are the key units of the ceived units because they perform multiple func­ Colorado River Storage Project. tions: they control the river, make possible the use While performing the functions of regulation and of its water, and create power. HYDROGRAPH OF COLORADO RIVER BELOW HOOVER DAM ~ Ill II. 0 ~ 100,000 0 Ill ·E D Ul r ,C' ~1 IJL A :!:: 80,000 I,_ Ill C) 60,000 a: ,( ::c 0 Ul 40,000 i5 > ..I 20.000 ~ ~ ~ If ,, . ... II vu· < ~ .. ~~ 0 .... ,.,, u ... ~ .I I ,(z 0 I I Ill :E JAN. FEB, MAR. APR. MAY JUNE JULY AUG. SEPT. OCT. NOV. DEC. 1949 5 the United States. This is in addition to the many ~ other direct and indirect benefits. ADDITIONAL PROFITS AFTER REPAYMENT The Project as proposed will cost less than $760,- $15-$20 MILLION EACH YEAR FOREVER ! 000,000 to construct. More than 99 per cent of the PROFIT IN EXCESS OF costs will be repaid by the people who benefit most ORIGINAL INVESTMENT DURING REPAYMENT PERIOD directly. $275,000,000 That portion which won't be repaid direct­ ly is non-reimbursable because of recreational and STORAGE UNITS GLEN CANYON flood control features which traditionally, and by FLAMING GORGE NAVAJO law, are borne by the nation as a whole.
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