HEAVY METALS POISONING IN FISH (Manual on Aquatic Toxicology) By Dr. Govind Pandey BVSc & AH, MVSc & AH, PhD Hon. (Pharmacol.), DSc (std.), LLB, LLM, MBA, MA (Soc.), MA (Hin.), MA (Eng.), MA (Pol.), Acharya (Jyotish), PGDPA & LSG, PGDCA, AvR, MDEH, SR, DNHE, AIT, PGPHT, FSLSc, FASAW, FISCA Professor / Principal Scientist & Sectional Head Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Veterinary Science & Animal Husbandry, Rewa (Nanaji Deshmukh Veterinary Science University, Jabalpur), MP, India 2013 International E - Publication www.isca.co.in International E - Publication 427, Palhar Nagar, RAPTC, VIP-Road, Indore-452005 (MP) INDIA Phone: 91-731-2616100, Mobile: 91-8057083382, E-mail:
[email protected] Website: www.isca.co.in © Copyright Reserved 2013 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored, in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, reordering or otherwise, without the prior permission of the publisher. ISBN: 978-93-83520-06-0 International Science Congress Association www.isca.in, www.isca.co.in, www.isca.net.co, www.isca.net.in PREFACE “Aquatic Science” is the multidisciplinary study of ‘aquatic ecosystem’ that deals with both freshwater and marine water systems. “Aquatic environment” is the interacting system of resources, e.g., water and biota. “Aquatic animals” are either vertebrate or invertebrate that live in water for most or all of their lives. ‘Vertebrate aquatic animals’ are ‘fish’ that are mostly vertebrates or animals having backbones . A “fish” is any gill- bearing aquatic vertebrate (or craniate) animal that lacks limbs with digits. A ‘pollutant/contaminants/toxicant/toxic substances/hazardous substance’ is one which can cause harm to the environment or life.