PDF Downloads

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

PDF Downloads Advances in Computer and Communications, 2021, 2(1), 7-14 http://www.hillpublisher.com/journals/acc/ ISSN Online: 2767-2875 ISSN Print: ****-**** The Survey of Increasing Popularity of Watching Television Channels in Yangon Division Khin Shin Thant*, Thet Thet Aung, Myat Mon Khaing, Khin Lay Myint, Hlaing Htake Khaung Tin Faculty of Information Science, University of Computer Studies, Hinthada, Myanmar. How to cite this paper: Khin Shin Thant, Thet Thet Aung, Myat Mon Khaing, Khin Abstract Lay Myint, Hlaing Htake Khaung Tin. Before mobile phone, over 40 years ago, television service was introduced. In (2021) The Survey of Increasing Popularity of Watching Television Channels in Yan- 2020, many Television Channels with many services are becoming popular in gon Division. Advances in Computer and Myanmar. People in almost of states and divisions in Myanmar watch TV series, Communication, 2(1), 7-14. TV programme in their leisure time with their families. Rate of watching TV DOI: 10.26855/acc.2021.06.001 channels, TV series, TV programme increases more interesting than others. Espe- Received: April 15, 2021 cially, Myanmar series, Many Drop, the mask singer, Myanmar Idol, Korea Se- Accepted: May 10, 2021 ries, India Series, Philippine Series and Beauty programme, other entertainment Published: June 4, 2021 programme, education programme, etc. The aim of this paper is to survey total *Corresponding author: Khin Shin population, female population and %, male population and %, the rate of watching Thant, Faculty of Information Science, TV of townships in Yangon division. This paper compares the total population University of Computer Studies, Hin- and total population of watching TV viewers and shows the rate (%) of the thada, Myanmar. Email: [email protected] watching TV viewers in whole Yangon division. Keywords TV channels, Townships in Yangon, Survey, Schedules and Percentage of watch- ing 1. Introduction Under British colony, progress of Myanmar Television Broadcasting Industry Myanmar was from 1886-1948. In 1936, radio was first introduced by British to Myanmar. In 1948, Myanmar got independence from the British but the country is still struggling for a federal union since then until now. Since 1979, television service was first introduced in Yangon, Myanmar. At the beginning, MRTV was launched on 3/6/1980 and then steady television facility was firstly publically launched in 1981. Gradually, many channel lines are expanded for entertainments, for information, for education, for health, for sports, for religion. Only two main TV channels MRTV (State own) and MWD (Military own) were the main source of media and entertainment for Myanmar until 2010. Staring 2010, international com- munity became more positive and welcoming the transformation of Myanmar’s political system into its democratic transition. It was around the time of 2010, new investments came in including media, technology and telecommu- nications. New television channels such as DBV with support and technology from Norway, 5Movies with support from France. Gradually, Myanmar movie and film makers started to reach out and accept for collaboration with other Asian Movie industry. Now default channel lines become up to 20 lines in Myanmar television channels. This paper includes survey of watching TV townships in Yangon, the highest population city, commercial city in Myanmar. It surveys people in each township in Yangon with population, female, male, number of availability of communication amenities television, their watching television rate (%). DOI: 10.26855/acc.2021.06.001 7 Advances in Computer and Communications Khin Shin Thant, Thet Thet Aung, Myat Mon Khaing, Khin Lay Myint, Hlaing Htake Khaung Tin 2. Related Work In 2016, Jinbao Song and Lunlun Huang analyzed the rank of transmission observing in public opinion investi- gation. Surveillance of radio and TV agendas is proposed to integrate with the system architecture and focus on the technical requirements and the broadcasting process. More effective information is disseminated through statistical study. It delivers data analysis for radio and TV public view analysis. In 2019, Rizki Briandana and Mohammad Irfan showed that applied innovation has a positive effect on ratings and share. It is therefore a competitive strategy in the digital world for television broadcasting. In 2019, Rajat Das Gupta has shown a link between TV viewing frequency and obesity and obesity in women of childbearing age. This paper organized in five sections. In Session 3.1, there are many sets such as Set Top Box, PSI, Skynet to watch local channels and global channels in Myanmar. In some modernized LCD, LED sets, 21 channel lines are installed as default. In session 3.2, the broadcasted Myanmar series are listed. In Session 4, the most popular channels’ schedules are described. In Session 5, the result of population watching TV channels are analyzed and compared with charts. 3. Television Channels in Myanmar Series 3.1 Television Channels in Myanmar There are twenty TV channels in Myanmar. The following channels are shown in Myanmar. 3.1.1. MRTV MRTV, Myanmar Radio and television is an independent TV channel that chiefly transmits local news. In 1936, radio was broadcasting in Burma during the British colonial era. Bama Athan’s regular program was set up in 1946 February, the British recognized the Burmese Broadcasting Corporation (BBS), offering Burmese and local news and foreign news and music, broadcasting and broadcasting. Carry out information and school series and English news and melody series. In 1948, it was named “Myanmar Honor”. In 1988, it was renamed Myanmar Radio. In antici- pation of the presentation of Yangon City FM in 2001, BBS/Myanmar Radio was the single radio station in Myanmar until it launched Yangon City FM in 2001. For years, its main broadcaster was located on 426 Pyay Road in Ka- maryut Township, Rangoon. Myanmar’s Television Service began trial in Yangon in 1979. MRTV was broadcasting on 1980; it started broadcasting on 3 June. Normal TV service began in 1981 with the NTSC standard. In 2005, MRTV made sure 195 TV stations nationwide. Since late 2007, the central broadcasting place has moved to Nay Pyi Taw. Myanmar’s Television Service began trial in Yangon in 1979. MRTV was released in 1980. It began on June 3, and regular television services were officially launched in 1981. 3.1.2. Channel 7 Channel 7 is a 24 hrs. free TV channel and transmissions acting plans. It is also track by Forever Group. In 2012, Forever Group Co. Ltd has launched its second free channel. Channel 7 is well identified for its plans intended at young societies and its new series, containing the newest and greatest new series today. In 2014, Channel 7 launched DVB-T2 and DTH systems with high definition quality that was able to negotiate. 3.1.3. Channel K Channel K is a 24 hrs. (day and night) free-to-air TV entertaining channel and transmissions performing series. It is launched in February 2019. The purpose of this channel is to target the whole of Myanmar in general, and the age group of 18 to 38 in particular. Channel K has four main components of a program: business, the film, music and culture. The TV channel also has some of the most popular places in the entertainment industry. This channel’s ambassadors are the biggest hip hop star, Sai Sai Kham Leng, Myanmar pop queen Ni NiKhin Zaw, rock queen Phyu Phyu Kyaw Thein, Cultural icon Phoe Chit , Movie star Pyae Ti Oo and big screen actress Soe Pyae Thazin. 3.1.4. Channel 9 Channel 9, a 24 hrs. (day and night) free-to-air TV channel, transmissions entertaining programs. 3.1.5. MRTV4 In May 2004, a fresh TV channel, MRTV4, was launched by Myanmar Radio and TV under the Ministry of In- formation for a two-hour program. MRTV4 is a 24 hrs. free TV channel that transmissions entertaining programs. The channel is jointly broadcast by MRTV and Forever Group from 7 am to 11 pm. In April 2009, MRTV4 aired 18 hrs a day. Since September 2010, MRTV4 has become a 24 hrs. free TV channel and is presently the supreme popular DOI: 10.26855/acc.2021.06.001 8 Advances in Computer and Communications Khin Shin Thant, Thet Thet Aung, Myat Mon Khaing, Khin Lay Myint, Hlaing Htake Khaung Tin TV network in Myanmar. 3.1.6. MWD Myawaddy (MWD), a 24 hrs. (day and night) free TV channel, transmits entertaining programs. Myawaddy is the 23rd Burmese-owned TV system grounded in Rangoon and Naypyidaw, MWD Shopping, MWD Music and various MWD Series TV programs. 3.1.7. Fortune TV With Fortune TV, a digital free-to-air television channel that will launch in early 2019, the group has expanded into the broadcast entertainment industry. With the recent increase in the number of digital content providers in Myanmar, Fortune will provide quality information, FTA and OTT platforms. Fortune TV is ready to create a television media landscape and engage audiences across the country. 3.1.8. MRTV entertainment MRTV Entertainment is a 24 hrs. (day and night) free television network with the sole purpose of entertaining the public. Broadcast by state-owned Myanmar Radio and Television (MRTV) in Nay Pyi Taw. 3.1.9. Mizzima TV Mizzima TV is a free-to air channel that broadcasted from 7:30 AM to 11:30 PM. 3.1.10. YTV YTV is the new channel to launch Free to Air with DVB-T2. The cooperation agreement between the Union of Myanmar is on 17 February 2018. September 22 on 2016, Myanmar Radio and Television filed an application for Expression of Interest (EOI) by submitting a formal tender to the EOI. 44. The application was submitted next to the RFP. May 11 MY MULTIMEDIA CO. Ltd. Young Investment Group Co., Ltd.
Recommended publications
  • Viewership and Listenership Survey
    VIEWERSHIP & Listenership Survey Lashio & North Okkalapa Research conducted by Ah Yo, Su Mon, Soe Win Myint with the FEBRUARY 2017 assistance of LRC in Lashio, Saitta Thukha Development Institute in REPORT WRITTEN BY: North Okkalapa, and Xavey Research Solutions. Anna Zongollowicz, PhD FOR FURTHER INFORMATION: Isla Glaister Country, Director of Search for Common Ground - Myanmar Email: [email protected] VIEWERSHIP & LISTENERSHIP SURVEY Lashio & North Okkalapa 2 CONTENTS Executive Summary 4 TV 5 Radio 6 Social Media 6 Reaction to News 6 Conclusion 7 Recommendations 7 Listenership & Viewership Survey 8 Introduction 8 Youth 9 Media 9 Methodology 11 Sampling 12 Limitations 12 Findings 13 Demographics 13 TV Viewership 14 Radio Listenership 16 Social Media 17 Reaction to News 18 Conclusion 19 Recommendations 20 References 21 SEARCH FOR COMMON GROUND VIEWERSHIP & LISTENERSHIP SURVEY Lashio & North Okkalapa 3 CONTENTS Executive Summary 4 TV 5 Radio 6 Social Media 6 Reaction to News 6 Conclusion 7 Recommendations 7 Listenership & Viewership Survey 8 Introduction 8 Youth 9 Media 9 Methodology 11 Sampling 12 Limitations 12 Findings 13 Demographics 13 TV Viewership 14 Radio Listenership 16 Social Media 17 © Search for Common Ground - Myanmar (2017) Disclaimer Reaction to News 18 The research has been carried out with the financial assistance of the Peace Support Fund. Conclusion 19 The opinions expressed in the report are those of the authors and in no circumstances Recommendations 20 refer to the official views of Search for Common Ground or the Peace Support Fund. References 21 SEARCH FOR COMMON GROUND VIEWERSHIP & LISTENERSHIP SURVEY Lashio & North Okkalapa 4 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The report contains findings from a quantitative survey examining TV viewership, radio listenership and social media usage, which was conducted in the third week of November 2016 in Lashio (Shan State) and North Okkalapa (Greater Yangon).
    [Show full text]
  • Identity Crisis: Ethnicity and Conflict in Myanmar
    Identity Crisis: Ethnicity and Conflict in Myanmar Asia Report N°312 | 28 August 2020 Headquarters International Crisis Group Avenue Louise 235 • 1050 Brussels, Belgium Tel: +32 2 502 90 38 • Fax: +32 2 502 50 38 [email protected] Preventing War. Shaping Peace. Table of Contents Executive Summary ................................................................................................................... i I. Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 1 II. A Legacy of Division ......................................................................................................... 4 A. Who Lives in Myanmar? ............................................................................................ 4 B. Those Who Belong and Those Who Don’t ................................................................. 5 C. Contemporary Ramifications..................................................................................... 7 III. Liberalisation and Ethno-nationalism ............................................................................. 9 IV. The Militarisation of Ethnicity ......................................................................................... 13 A. The Rise and Fall of the Kaungkha Militia ................................................................ 14 B. The Shanni: A New Ethnic Armed Group ................................................................. 18 C. An Uncertain Fate for Upland People in Rakhine
    [Show full text]
  • Yangon University of Economics Department of Commerce Master of Accounting Programme the Effect of Leadership Styles on Organiza
    YANGON UNIVERSITY OF ECONOMICS DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE MASTER OF ACCOUNTING PROGRAMME THE EFFECT OF LEADERSHIP STYLES ON ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITMENT IN MEDIA AND ENTERTAINMENT INDUSTRY THWE THWE THANT NOVEMBER, 2019 The Effect of Leadership Styles on Organi zational Commitment in Media and Entertainment Industry The Research Paper is submitted to the Board of Examiners in partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for Degree of Master of Accounting Supervised by: Submitted by: Daw Htay Htay Ma Thwe Thwe Thant Associate Professor M.Act. II – 2 Department of Commerce Master of Accounting (2018-2019) Yangon University of Economics Yangon University of Economics ACCEPTANCE Accepted by the Board of Examiners of the Department of Commerce, Yangon University of Economics, in partial fulfillment for the requirements of the Master Degree, Master of Accounting. BOARD OF EXAMINERS ------------------------------------ Dr. Tin Win (Chairman) Rector Yangon University of Economics ------------------------------------- ------------------------------- (Supervisor) (Chief Examiner) Daw Htay Htay Dr. Soe Thu Associate Professor Professor and Head Department of Commerce Department of Commerce Yangon University of Economics Yangon University of Economics ----------------------------------- ------------------------------- (Examiner) (External Examiner) Dr. Tin Tin Htwe Daw Kyi Kyi Sein Professor Professor (Retired) Department of Commerce Department of Commerce Yangon University of Economics Yangon University of Economics --------------------------------- -------------------------------
    [Show full text]
  • Myanmar Business Guide for Brazilian Businesses
    2019 Myanmar Business Guide for Brazilian Businesses An Introduction of Business Opportunities and Challenges in Myanmar Prepared by Myanmar Research | Consulting | Capital Markets Contents Introduction 8 Basic Information 9 1. General Characteristics 10 1.1. Geography 10 1.2. Population, Urban Centers and Indicators 17 1.3. Key Socioeconomic Indicators 21 1.4. Historical, Political and Administrative Organization 23 1.5. Participation in International Organizations and Agreements 37 2. Economy, Currency and Finances 38 2.1. Economy 38 2.1.1. Overview 38 2.1.2. Key Economic Developments and Highlights 39 2.1.3. Key Economic Indicators 44 2.1.4. Exchange Rate 45 2.1.5. Key Legislation Developments and Reforms 49 2.2. Key Economic Sectors 51 2.2.1. Manufacturing 51 2.2.2. Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry 54 2.2.3. Construction and Infrastructure 59 2.2.4. Energy and Mining 65 2.2.5. Tourism 73 2.2.6. Services 76 2.2.7. Telecom 77 2.2.8. Consumer Goods 77 2.3. Currency and Finances 79 2.3.1. Exchange Rate Regime 79 2.3.2. Balance of Payments and International Reserves 80 2.3.3. Banking System 81 2.3.4. Major Reforms of the Financial and Banking System 82 Page | 2 3. Overview of Myanmar’s Foreign Trade 84 3.1. Recent Developments and General Considerations 84 3.2. Trade with Major Countries 85 3.3. Annual Comparison of Myanmar Import of Principal Commodities 86 3.4. Myanmar’s Trade Balance 88 3.5. Origin and Destination of Trade 89 3.6.
    [Show full text]
  • A Case Study from Myanmar How to Inform, Empower, and Impact Communities
    INFORMATION ECOSYSTEMS in transition: A case stUDY from myanmar HOW to inform, emPOWer, anD imPact commUnities Mon State, Myanmar Pilot Study PART ONE: RESEARCH FINDINGS ABOUT THE AUTHORS ABOUT THE RESEARCH TEAM EXecUtiVE SUmmary Andrew Wasuwongse is a graduate of the Johns Hopkins Established in 1995, Myanmar Survey Research (MSR) University’s School of Advanced International Studies in is a market and social research company based in Washington, DC. He holds a master’s degree in International Yangon, Myanmar. MSR has produced over 650 Relations and International Economics, with a concentration research reports in the fields of social, market, and in Southeast Asia Studies. While a research assistant for environmental research over the past 16 years for UN the SAIS Burma Study Group, he supported visits by three agencies, INGOs, and business organizations. Burmese government delegations to Washington, DC, including officials from Myanmar’s Union Parliament, ABOUT INTERNEWS in MYANMAR Ministry of Health, and Ministry of Industry. He has worked as a consultant for World Vision Myanmar, where he led an Internews is an international nonprofit organization whose assessment of education programs in six regions across mission is to empower local media worldwide to give people Myanmar, and has served as an English teacher in Kachin the news and information they need, the ability to connect State, Myanmar, and in Thailand on the Thai-Myanmar border. and the means to make their voices heard. Internews He speaks Thai and Burmese. provides communities with the resources to produce local news and information with integrity and independence. Alison Campbell is currently Internews’ Senior Director With global expertise and reach, Internews trains both media for Global Initiatives based in Washington, DC, overseeing professionals and citizen journalists, introduces innovative Internews’ environmental, health and humanitarian media solutions, increases coverage of vital issues and helps programs.
    [Show full text]
  • Rule of Law and Access to Justice Reform in Myanmar
    RULE OF LAW AND ACCESS TO JUSTICE REFORM IN MYANMAR RESEARCH PROJECT SUMMARIES 2019-2020 Supported by the Denmark-Myanmar Programme on Rule of Law and Human Rights This book is the result of human rights thematic group research project on “Rule of Law and Access to Justice Reform in Myanmar”. It aimed to produce quality papers which discussed about the approach taken by the Government, especially the Office of the Supreme Court and Attorney General’s Office Strategy to increase respect for rule of law and fundamental human rights in Myanmar. The Rule of Law and Access to Justice Reform in Myanmar Research Project Summaries, 2020 (Yangon, Myanmar). Published by the Denmark-Myanmar Progrmme on Rule of Law and Human Rights Copy-Editor – Dr Simon Robins Cover Design © Za Mal Din Printing House – 5 PIXELS Company Limited, Building No. (17), Pathein Kyaung Street, Near of National Races Village, Tharketa Township, Yangon. Disclaimer This publication was arranged and funded by the Denmark-Myanmar Programme on Rule of Law and Human Rights. The opinions expressed in it are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of the Embassy of Denmark in Myanmar. Researchers Dr Thi Thi Lwin, Daw May Thu Zaw, Dr Mya Myo Khaing, Dr Yu Mon Cho, Dr Yin Yin Myint, Daw Moe Thu, Daw Khin Soe Soe Aye, Dr May Thu Zar Aung, Dr Ei Thandar Swe, Dr Thin Thin Khaing, Dr Pa Pa Soe Senior Research Advisers Dr Mike Hayes Dr Bencharat Sae Chua Dr Suphamet Yunyasit Dr Duanghathai Buranajaroenkij Review Committee Members Dr Khin Chit Chit Dr Khin Khin Oo Dr Martin
    [Show full text]
  • Country Report Myanmar
    Country Report Myanmar Natural Disaster Risk Assessment and Area Business Continuity Plan Formulation for Industrial Agglomerated Areas in the ASEAN Region March 2015 AHA CENTRE Japan International Cooperation Agency OYO International Corporation Mitsubishi Research Institute, Inc. CTI Engineering International Co., Ltd. Overview of the Country Basic Information of Myanmar 1), 2), 3) National Flag Country Name Long form: Republic of the Union of Myanmar Short form: Myanmar Capital Naypidaw Area (km2) Total : 676,590 Land: 653,290 Inland Water: 23,300 Population 53,259,018 Population density 82 (people/km2 of land area) Population growth 0.9 (annual %) Urban population 33 (% of total) Languages Myanmar Ethnic Groups Burmese (about 70%),many other ethnic groups Religions Buddhism (90%), Christianity, Islam, others GDP (current US$) (billion) 55(Estimate) GNI per capita, PPP - (current international $) GDP growth (annual %) 6.4(Estimate) Agriculture, value added 48 (% of GDP) Industry, value added 16 (% of GDP) Services, etc., value added 35 (% of GDP) Brief Description Myanmar covers the western part of Indochina Peninsula, and the land area is about 1.8 times the size of Japan. Myanmar has a long territory stretching north to south, with the Irrawaddy River running through the heart of the country. While Burmese is the largest ethnic group in the country, the country has many ethnic minorities. Myanmar joined ASEAN on July 23, 1997, together with Laos. Due to the isolationist policy adopted by the military government led by Ne Win which continued until 1988, the economic development of Myanmar fell far behind other ASEAN countries. Today, Myanmar is a republic, and President Thein Sein is the head of state.
    [Show full text]
  • Investing in the Content Production and Japanese Content Distribution Business for Television Broadcast in the Republic of the Union of Myanmar
    News Release Cool Japan Fund Inc. Tokyo, March 9, 2018 Investing in the Content Production and Japanese Content Distribution Business for Television Broadcast in the Republic of the Union of Myanmar Cool Japan Fund is pleased to announce an investment of approximately 16 million USD in a joint venture project for conducting content production by introducing up-to-date broadcast equipment and distributing Japanese content in Myanmar in cooperation with Japan International Broadcasting Inc. (JIB) and the Fund Corporation for the Overseas Development of Japan’s ICT and Postal Services (JICT) through a major media conglomerate in Myanmar called Shwe Than Lwin Media Co., Ltd. (STLM), and its terrestrial broadcasting station Myanmar National Television (MNTV). This enterprise will not only newly offer Japanese content to MNTV and other STLM’s channels, which have broadcasted NHK’s historical dramas such as Sanadamaru and Atsuhime as well as other programs from Japanese commercial TV stations, but also produce collaboration programs by using the Japanese television program formats. Through distributing Japanese content in Myanmar, Cool Japan Fund aims to promote Japanese products and services, and contribute to strengthen the relations between both countries. There is also a potential ripple effect leading the increase of tourists from Myanmar to Japan in the future. In Myanmar, the entry of private terrestrial television broadcasting station was approved in 2005 and with the spread of television sets and the improvement of the broadcasting legislation system, there is a strong expectation of market growth in media industry. STLM is a major media conglomerate in Myanmar that owns a satellite broadcasting platform, three terrestrial broadcasting stations and a radio station.
    [Show full text]
  • The Business of Media in Myanmar, 2013
    THE BUSINESS OF MEDIA IN MYANMAR, 2013 Michelle Foster A report commissioned by Internews DRAFT ABOUT THE AUTHOR: Michelle J. Foster Foster is a media management and marketing consultant who helps independent news media become financially strong. She has worked with news media throughout the United States as well as in China, Hong Kong, Vietnam, Burma, Cambodia, Laos and East Timor. Foster is a former Knight International Journalism and has authored various reports on the field of international media development, including Calling the Shots: How Ownership Structures Affect the Independence of News Media. From 1991 until 2003, Foster was the senior market development executive for Gannett Co., Inc.’s Newspaper Division. She oversaw marketing efforts for 97 daily newspapers, a host of national brands, and niche/vertical product lines. She led efforts in branding, consumer and business marketing, database development, market intelligence, and the migration of brands from traditional to online media. Prior to that, she was the marketing executive at a number of local newspapers. She has won repeated recognition for excellence in innovation and marketing leadership. ABOUT INTERNEWS IN BURMA: The story of Internews’ 12 years of work in Burma is one of notable innovation, consistent capac- ity-building and demonstrable impact achieved in one of the world’s most difficult environments for media development. With over 1000 Burmese journalists trained to date, Internews has been the key actor in media development through the most significant political developments of the decade. Internews is deeply invested in Burma’s continued progress and brings unrivaled experi- ence to the pursuit of developing a well-informed, increasingly democratic and more just Burma.
    [Show full text]
  • A New Look at Noir
    HEROICS OF THE FALSE: A NEW LOOK AT NOIR JENNIFER S. BREUKELAAR A Creative Work and Thesis submitted in total fulfilment of the requirements of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. School of English, Media and Performing Arts, University of New South Wales. July 2007. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Thanks are due to my supervisors Lisa Trahair and Anne Brewster. I would also like to thank Paul Dawson for overseeing the practical aspects of the thesis at the final stage. Thank-you also to Dan Edwards for discussions about film making software. I am grateful to Renu Rajpal for help with the Hindi. I would also like to thank Bob Stern for copy-editing the dissertation. Thanks to my agent Sandy Wagner for multiple readings of Viper, for her helpful comments and good faith. Among other things I am ever grateful to my parents, Margaret Reichenberger and Bob Stern for taking me to India. Thank-you to John Breukelaar for paving the way. Thank-you for reading and discussing this project ad nauseam, and most of all for your insights into how to complete it and why. For support that infinitely exceeded the call of duty, I would also like to thank my children, Isabella and Jack. CONTENTS ABSTRACT 4 PART I: THE NOVEL VIPER 5 PART II: THE DISSERTATION I: INTRODUCTION 232 II: A CRISIS OF CONFIDENCE 249 III: “IF THIS BE ART’S LIE” 296 IV: NOIR’S CHASMS 332 V: CONCLUSION 372 BIBLIOGRAPHY 377 4 THESIS ABSTRACT In this thesis I investigate the nature of noir subjectivity, and the degree to which it can be described as heroic.
    [Show full text]
  • Sport Fans As Consumers: an Approach to Sport Marketing
    British Journal of Marketing Studies Vol.5, No.4, pp.36-48, April 2017 Published by European Centre for Research Training and Development UK (www.eajournals.org) SPORT FANS AS CONSUMERS: AN APPROACH TO SPORT MARKETING Edson Coutinho da Silva Postdoctoral in Marketing Pontifical Catholic University of São Paulo Postdoc in Marketing, University of São Paulo. PH.D Social Science in Pontifical Catholic University of São Paulo; and PH.D Health Public in Federal University of São Paulo. Affiliation: University Center of FEI, São Bernardo do Campo, Brazil. Professor of Marketing at Administration School Address: Humberto de Alencar Castelo Branco Street, 3792 – São Bernardo do Campo, São Paulo, Brazil – 09850-901. Phone number: 55 11 4453-2900 Alexandre Luzzi Las Casas Postdoctoral in Marketing, Portuguese Catholic University, Porto, Portugal. PH.D in Business School, Getulio Vargas Foundation Affiliation: Pontifical Catholic University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil. Professor of Marketing at Economics and Administration School Adresse: Ministro Godoy Street, 969 – Perdizes, São Paulo, Brazil – 05015-901. Phone number: 55 11 3670-8513 ABSTRACT: This theoretical paper arises as a purpose of discussing the role play of fans as sport consumers on the marketing strategies, in professional sport clubs. This study is part of a project which will provide some other empirical papers which will use the fan perspective as one axis for analysing sport clubs in the São Paulo city, Brazil. In order to understand the sport fans as consumers, five topics
    [Show full text]
  • Overview: Myanmar Joint Peacebuilding Needs Assessment
    ! #)$#)-)$)$#$#%#))+),#)$+'#"#)$)%*!$)#$#$ .#"' # #$#3()) '" '$*%(/ ) (()$# $ $#!) # "* $ ) $*#)'. $'( # $%%$')*#). $' ) '$+'. # +!$%"#) $ $#!)3)$""*#)(1$*!(' *#'()##$)()*)$##$#!)3)$""*#)("$#'$'#$() $!'( 4$+'#"#)/ #$#3()) '" '$*%(/ $#$'(/ ( # (5/ #!*# #).# #( # %'$')(/)$+'#"#)# #*'.8679'&*()(*%%$')'$")$#$'*%%$')'$*%7$' $#)#((((("#)1 ("!! )( $'8! . ) .#"' #)' 4 5 ,( ()!( # '*'. 8679 )$ +!$%)'",$' $'(*$#)#((((("#)1$!!$,##)!(*(($#(/))( $' ')$%*'(*),$3$!%%'$0 • ##)!&* ()$ ) $-()##$'")$#/)$$"%!).%'!/)$#).-()# ) '$" '# $ ($*'(/ #!*# '( $ #$#(()#) $' $#)')$'. )/ # ) %(1 •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isclaimer The present report represents an effort to reflect the current understanding of the situation and needs in conflict-affected areas by an ad-hoc group assembled by the
    [Show full text]