Yellowstone Today A National Park Service Publication For Yellowstone Visitors

Spring 1995 * Information * Regulations & Safety * Activities - Important road information for all visitors - Spring road openings Madison-Old Faithful East Entrance Spring weather is unpredictable; roads Major construction begins this year on Road construction on the East Entrance may be closed temporarily by weather the Madison to Old Faithful road on the Road (see arrow) will continue this year. due to a given year's snow conditions. park's west side (see arrow). From road From road opening on May 1 through Snow tires or chains may be required. opening on April 15 through May 31, June 15, the road will be open with up this section of road will be open with to 30 minute delays. Starting June 16, Weather permitting, tentative road up to 30 minute delays. Starting June 1, access will be more limited; see the map opening dates for automobiles are: access will be more limited; see the map on the back page of this newspaper for Mammoth to Norn's—April 15 on the back page of this newspaper for the full 1995 construction schedule. West Entrance to Norris to Canyon the full 1995 construction schedule. to Mud Volcano—April 15 Hikers and Anglers: For Information on West Entrance to Old Faithful—April 15 Hikers and Anglers: For information on trailhead access in the construction zone, East and South Entrances—May 1 trailhead access, ask a ranger at the Old please ask a ranger at the Lake Ranger Cooke City to Sunlight Basin Rd.—May 5 Faithful Visitor Center. Station or Fishing Bridge Visitor Center. Old Faithful to West Thumb—May 12 Note: Construction will affect only the Tower Junction to Canyon—May 27 •• More about the roads section from East Entrance to Sedge Sunlight Basin Road to Red Lodge Bay. Lake Butte Overlook is closed for (Beartooth Pass)—May 27 Road construction is perennial in Yellow­ These needs are now being addressed the year. Facilities at Fishing Bridge will stone. In general, park roads have either under a 20-year, $300 million Federal operate as usual (see p. 11). Some roads will open as conditions recently been repaired or reconstructed, Lands Highway Program for Yellowstone S~ ' • '• ' '. *s allow for bicycle travel only. The or are scheduled for repair or reconstruc­ National Park. In addition to the major Mammoth-Norris Road is scheduled to tion. Approximately 80% of main park construction described above, road Cyclists, walkers: beware! open for bikes on Saturday, March 25. roads (about 185 miles) are in a structur­ repair crews will be working in other Motorcyclists & bicyclists: Other roads, with the exception of ally deficient state—with poor quality road areas of the park throughout the 1995 Yellowstone roads can be very rough, Madison to Old Faithful, will tentatively bases failing under the weight, speed, season. Thank you for your patience with large potholes. Please ride with care! open for bikes on Saturday, April 1. and volume of modem traffic for which with our road construction efforts. Pedestrians: Be cautious when walking, they were not designed. Harsh winter especially near roadways and/or In congested areas. Please walk with care! For current road information, call weather and short construction seasons (307) 344-7381 (long distance from provide additional challenges. some park locations).

Non-Profit Organization UJS. POSTAGE PAID Permit No. 104 Livingston, MT 59047

^owstone Association Yellowstone Today, which is distributed to visitors at park entrances, is published four times a year by the naturalist staff of Yellowstone National Park.

As a member of the Yellowstone Associa­ tion, you have contributed a portion of the production costs of this publication, which is a major source of information for the millions of people who visit the park each year. The Yellowstone Association operates book sales facilities in visitor A photo like this can only be obtained with a telephoto lens and much patient waiting. NPSHh photo centers and museums; YA staff provide information and assistance to park visitors throughout the season. Ultimately, — Wildlife needs your help i Index much of YA's revenue is returned to the park's educational, interpretive and Needed: Park visitors who care about Do not approach wildlife at close Park map Page 12 research programs. As a YA member, Yellowstone's wildlife enough to nol range. Their most basic needs include Grand Teton 2 you are a vital part of the team that disturb them. space to graze and roam, free from the Visitor centers. 3 strives to preserve Yellowstone "For influences of humans. When denied this, Safety 5 the Benefit and Enjoyment of Future The wildlife of Yellowstone is a special they may become stressed. There's a Regulations 6 Generations." treasure—shared by every past, present, simple way to know if you are disturb­ Campgrounds 6 and future visitor to the park. In order to ing wildlife: if you cause an animal to Emergency - dial 911 Hiking, bear safety 7 thrive—and in some cases, in order to move, you are too close. For more Contact a ranger 344-7381 survive—these animals need our respect. information on wildlife and human safety, Wolves 8 You can help by following the simple rule see page 5. Fishing 9 Q Printed on recycled paper with soy ink below, and by encouraging other park Commercial services 11 visitors to do likewise. 2 - YELLOWSTONE TODAY, Spring 1995

From the What's so special about Yellowstone?! Yellowstone is, among other things, the Superintendent first, oldest and possibly most famous national park in the world. A new season, I welcome you to a special time of year and especially National Parks Week in Yellowstone National Park. (May 22-28), provide an appropriate time to reflect on the many reasons Spring is a season of growth and that Yellowstone is so special...and renewal. Those of you venturing to so famous. These include: Yellowstone, always memorable for its numerous thermal and other features, Yellowstone's Size will find the park replete with newborn It is one of the largest national parks wildlife between April and June. But you in the lower 48 states. Yellowstone will also find a winter season not entirely encompasses 3,472 square miles and is willing to give way to spring, and 2.2 million acres (899,136 hectares) in indications of the timeless struggle size. The park measures 63 miles (101 for survival by wildlife. km) north to south and 54 miles (84 km) east to west. Spring is a time of gentle beauty, but also a time for careful planning. Be Yellowstone's Geology prepared for cold weather, possible There are more geysers and hot springs sudden storms and hazardous roads. here than in all the rest of the world put Information to help you stay safe and together. In all, Yellowstone has approxi­ to protect the park can be found else­ mately 10,000 thermal features and where in this newspaper. about 200 active geysers.The central portion of the park encompasses one of We benefit today from the care past the world's largest calderas (collapsed generations have given Yellowstone. volcanic craters), measuring 30 by 40 This is fitting, since it is for both pres­ miles (48 by 64 km). ervation and use that national parks have been set aside. Our care now Yellowstone's Wildlife will help keep the park a priceless, Yellowstone has a greater number of a wild gift for future generations. During greater variety of wild animals in their National Park Week (May 22-28), we natural habitat than anywhere else in the will celebrate these unique values. We 48 contiguous states. These include: hope your spring adventure in Yellow­ 6 species of ungulates stone is safe, fulfilling and unforgettable. (hoofed animals) —Superintendent Mike Finley 2 species of bears Approximately 50 other mammals Old Faithful Geyser is only one of thousands of thermal NPS file photo 13 native species of fish features which lend to Yellowstone's worldwide reputation. 6 species of reptiles 4 species of amphibians It is one of the last remaining grizzly bear habitats in the contiguous 48 states. mm Grand Teton National Park information It has the largest concentration of elk To the south of Yellowstone, Grand Teewinot, for complete information Roads—Teton Park Road opens to found anywhere in the world. It has Teton National Park offers spectacular about services and facilities, and a more vehicles on May 1. The Moose-Wilson birdlife that includes rare and threatened scenery, numerous hiking opportunities, detailed map of Grand Teton National Road opens to vehicles about May 1. species. It has the top three trout fishing and its own set of campgrounds, Park. Newspapers are available at visitor Entrance Stations—Open May 1. streams in the world. Wild buffalo have exhibits, and other activities. Pick up centers and entrance stations. survived in Yellowstone since primitive a copy of the park newspaper, the Campgrounds—Open as follows: Gros times. Ventre, April 10; Signal Mountain, May 6; Colter Bay, May 20; Jenny Lake, May 20; Yellowstone Lake Lizard Creek, June 3. Yellowstone Lake is one of the largest, highest, and coldest lakes in North Lodging—Open as follows: Domans America—136 square miles (35,220 Spur Ranch Cabins, open year round; hectares) in surface area, with 110 miles Signal Mountain Lodge, May 13; Colter (176 km) of shoreline, and dimensions Bay Cabins, May 12; Flagg Ranch of 20 miles long by 14 miles wide Village, May 15; Jackson Lake Lodge, (32 by 22 km). Its average depth is May 26; Jenny Lake Lodge, May 27. 139 feet (42 m); maximum depth is Other lodging can be found in Jackson, 390 feet (118 m) or more. Wyoming and in other areas surrounding Grand Teton. Yellowstone's Scenic Wonders The Lower Falls of the Grand Canyon Moose Visitor Center—Open year of the Yellowstone River, at 308 feet round. Hours 8:00am-5:00pm through (94 m) is one of the highest waterfalls June 3; 8:00am-7:00pm, June 4-Sept. 4. on the American continent. The river Information, audiovisual programs, runs through one of the most spectacular exhibits, permits, publication sales. canyons in the world. Telecommunications device for the deaf only (TDD): (307)739-3400. Phone In addition, Yellowstone has hundreds (307) 739-3600 for more information. of pristine lakes, creeks, mountains, and valleys in their original undisturbed Colter Bay Visitor Center— condition. Thus it is the only large Opens May 13. Hours 8:00am-5:00pm, area in the 48 contiguous states that May 13-21; 8:00am-7:00 pm, May 22- has never been farmed, fenced, or June 3; 8:00am-8:00pm, June 4-Sept. 4. developed. Information, audiovisual programs, permits and publication sales. Phone (307) 739-3594 for more information.

Spring activities include walking, bicycling and rollerblading on the Teton Park Road before it opens to vehicles on May 1. Valley hiking trails are likely to be snow- NATIONAL covered or muddy through the end of May. High elevation hiking trails PARKWEEK are usually snow-covered until July. Backcountry camping requires a free permit that can be obtained at the Moose MAY 22 THROUGH MAY 28, 1995 Visitor Center year round. Boating requires a Grand Teton boating permit, sold at visitor centers. A Wyoming fishing Yellowstone Today is published four times license is required in Grand Teton annually by the Division of Interpretation, National Park. National Park Service, Yellowstone National Park, WY 82190, (307)344-2258, in coopera­ tion with the Yellowstone Association and Yellowstone National Park concessioners. YELLOWSTONE TODAY, Spring 1995 -3

Visitor centers and museums

ALBRIGHT VISITOR CENTER, publications, geyser eruption predictions, NORRIS GEYSER FISHING BRIDGE MAMMOTH HOT SPRINGS seismograph exhibit. For more informa­ BASIN MUSEUM VISITOR CENTER Open year round. Hours 9:00am- tion, call (307) 545-2750. Open May 13. Hours 9:00am-5:00pm Open May 13. Hours 9:00am-5:00pm 5:00pm through May 28; 8:00am-7:00pm through May 28; 8:00am-7:00pm through May 28; 8:00am-7:00pm beginning May 29. Information, publica­ CANYON VISITOR CENTER beginning May 29. Information, publica­ beginning May 29. Information, publica­ tions and exhibits of the early history, Open May 13. Hours 9:00am-5:00pm tions; under construction during spring tions, and exhibits of Yellowstone's exploration and establishment of Yellow­ through May 28; 8:00am-7:00pm of 1995. Call (307) 344-2812 for more birds and wildlife. Call (307) 242-2450 stone National Park. The Challenge of beginning May 29. Information, publica­ information. for more information. Yellowstone," a film on the national park tions. Call (307) 242-2550 for more idea, is shown throughout the day. Call information. MUSEUM OF THE NATIONAL GRANT VILLAGE VISITOR CENTER (307) 344-2263 for more information. PARK RANGER, NORRIS Open May 13. Hours 9:00am-5:00pm Open May 13. Hours 9:00am-5:00pm through May 28; 8:00am-7:00pm begin­ OLD FAITHFUL VISITOR CENTER through May 28; 9:00am-6:00pm ning May 29. Information, publications Open April 15. Hours 9:00am-5:00pm beginning May 29. Exhibit traces devel­ and an exhibit on the fires of 1988. A film through May 28; 8:00am-7:00pm opment of the park ranger profession at on the fires and a Kodak-sponsored park beginning May 29. Information, historic soldier station; video shown. Call orientation slide program are shown (307) 344-7353 for more information. throughout the day. Call (307) 242-2650 for more information. Self-guiding trails Many of Yellowstone's famous scenic splendors can be seen from these trails. Slow down, stretch your legs, and discover the sights, smells and sounds of wilderness. Some trails traverse areas of thin earth crust, unstable ground and boiling water; others follow steep-sided, deep canyons and drop-offs. For your safety and the protection of fragile formations and resources, please stay on boardwalks and trails. Trail guides are available for 25C at most locations.

MAMMOTH HOT SPRINGS thermal activity and color; located eight and Lookout Points. A spur road leads At Tower Fall, located two miles south of TERRACES miles north of Old Faithful on the road to to an overlook at the brink of the Upper Tower Junction, a short trail leads to an Surreal in appearance, travertine terraces Madison Junction. Falls. The South Rim Drive leads to overlook of this 132-foot waterfall. such as these are not found anywhere Uncle Tom's Trail and Artist Point. else in the park. As an early visitor UPPER GEYSER BASIN Trails also wind along both rims. CHILDREN'S FIRE TRAIL described them: "...The hot springs fall The world's greatest collection of geysers Located 7-1/2 miles east of Mammoth over a lofty hill of snowy whiteness, is located here, including Old Faithful MUD VOLCANO TRAIL Hot Springs, trailside exhibits designed resembling cascades." A walking trail Geyser. Several miles of trail begin at Discover the intriguing and explosive for young visitors and their families through the main terraces and a one-way the Old Faithful Visitor Center; stop in mudpots including the Mud Volcano and explore the effects of fire and encourage drive through the Upper Terraces offer for orientation and geyser information. the Dragon's Mouth. Explore also the independent discovery. After the fires views of these fascinating formations. Sulphur Cauldron from the overlook just of 1988, contributions from children, WEST THUMB GEYSER BASIN north of the Mud Volcano area. Located educational groups, and other organiza­ NORRIS GEYSER BASIN Situated on the shore of Yellowstone on the road between Lake and Canyon, tions helped build this trail. Explore the hottest, most active thermal Lake, boiling springs meet icy lake six miles north of Fishing Bridge Junction. basin in the park. Trails start at the water with a backdrop of the Absaroka Geyser Basin Museum and lead to Mountains. CALCITE SPRINGS OVERLOOK RANGER LED ACTIVITIES colorful hot springs and a number of AND TOWER FALL Ranger-led activities, offered from active geysers. GRAND CANYON OF From the Calcite Springs overlook, late May through Labor Day, are THE YELLOWSTONE located approximately 1-1/2 miles south featured in Discover Yellowstone. FOUNTAIN PAINT POT The Canyon and the Upper and Lower of Tower Junction, you can see the Look for this publication at visitor NATURE TRAIL Falls can be seen from overlooks along springs' activity and unique geological centers, stores and gift shops Active, ever-changing mud pots make the rim drives. The North Rim Drive formations in the northernmost extent of starting just before Memorial Day. this area unique, as does the variety of takes you to Inspiration, Grandview, the Grand Canyon of the Yellowstone.

Entrance fees The Yellowstone Association Entrance fees are $10 for a private, vehicle to enter all federal parks which The Yellowstone Association was You are invited to become a member noncommercial automobile, or $4 for charge entrance fees. The Golden Age founded in 1933 to assist with educa­ of the Yellowstone Association. each visitor (ages 17 to 61, inclusive) Passport (for those over 62) can be tional, historical and scientific programs Membership benefits include: entering by snowmobile, motorcycle, obtained for a one-time $10 fee. The for the benefit of Yellowstone National • A way for visitors to support educa­ bus, bicycle or on foot. Fees purchase Golden Access Passport (for the dis­ Park and its visitors. Among the Asso­ tional, historic and scientific programs a seven day pass to Yellowstone and abled) is still offered free of charge. ciation's past and present projects are: in Yellowstone. Grand Teton parks. A $15 annual The Golden Age and Access Passport • An informative newsletter and a calendar pass to both parks is also admits the holder and accompanying Operation of bookstores in all park subscription to Yellowstone Today, available. passengers in a private, noncommercial visitor centers with proceeds going to the park newspaper. vehicle to national parks plus provides a fund interpretive programs and exhibits • A 15% discount on books sold by the The $25 Golden Eagle Passport, valid for 50 percent reduction in camping fees. for visitors, as well as research projects Yellowstone Association in all visitor one year from date of purchase, allows and equipment in Yellowstone. centers; discounts at many association the permit holder and accompanying Sponsorship of the Yellowstone bookstores in other national parks. passengers in a private noncommercial Institute (see related article on page 10). • Discounts on Yellowstone Institute Funding for visitor center and wayside class tuition. exhibits throughout the park. • Memberships are tax-deductible to •iMAGiNE Expedition: Publication of books, pamphlets the extent allowable by law. and leaflets about Yellowstone for the For more information about the Yellow­ YELLOWSTONE - Yellowstone! visitor. stone Association, write P.O. Box 117, Maintenance of park research library. Yellowstone National Park, WY 82190 Young artists and writers from across the Students are able to learn about the or call (307) 344-2296. country have expressed their appreciation park through a curriculum for upper of the park and its wild inhabitants in the elementary grades called Expedition: juried 1995 iMAGiNE YELLOWSTONE Yellowstone! Classroom work can also r Art and Writing Exhibit, Endangered be combined with a trip (an "Expedition!") I want to help educate people about Species: Why Should We Care? to Yellowstone. STYES! the natural wonders of Yellowstone. Showing at the Canyon Visitor Center this summer, the exhibit celebrates the Aimed at the 4th, 5th and 6th grade To receive all the benefits of membership, complete and mail this form most outstanding of these creations. levels, the curriculum materials consist with your dues to: The Yellowstone Association, P.O. Box 117, Yellow­ of a 256-page teacher's workbook and stone National Park, WY 82190 (or leave at any Visitor Center sales desk). The iMAGiNEYELLOWSTONE Exhibit a storybook, tied together by shared Mr. encourages lifelong appreciation of concepts. Teachers who purchase the Name M». natural areas and involvement in curriculum will also receive information preserving the values parks represent. for planning an "Expedition!" to the park. Address Via a lottery system, cabins at the We hope you will take the opportunity to Lamar Buffalo Ranch may be reserved City participate in iMAGiNEYELLOWSTONE. and school groups are assigned a State_ Phone . Let your imagination soar and join us in park ranger to help plan and prepare Zip- the celebration! their trip. Annual Dues: Associate .... $25 Patron $250 For program fees and information, write: Contributing.. .$50 Sponsor $500 Expedition: Yellowstone!, National Park Sustaining $100 Benefactor.. .$1000 Service, P.O. Box 168, Yellowstone Make checks payable to "The Yellowstone Association" National Park, WY 82190. Charge to Visa • Mastercard • # Expiration date Signature .PNP 4 - YELLOWSTONE TODAY, Spring 1995

Exploring Yellowstone: getting started M Visitors—don't "Now that I'm here, where do I go?" It's general fishing season begins May 27; let this develop ^m» not an unusual question, especially for Geysers and hot springs June 15 on Yellowstone Lake; July 15 first time visitors. Consider the facts: on the lake's tributary streams). A Yellowstone inspires the photographer— Yellowstone's volcanic past is evidenced Yellowstone is the largest national park museum is located at Fishing Bridge. and the observer—in all of us. Wildlife are in its geysers and hot springs. The in the lower 48 states, encompassing particularly fascinating to observe and world's greatest concentration of thermal 2.2 million acres or 3,472 square miles. photograph, perhaps because there are features is located in Yellowstone: about It is larger than the states of Delaware few places where it is possible to see an 10,000 thermal features are known, of Wildlife viewing and Rhode Island combined and spreads animal in its natural environment. Nearly which 200 to 250 are geysers. Many of Yellowstone is home to a variety and across the borders of three states— all the animals inhabiting Yellowstone the most famous features can be found abundance of wildlife unparalleled in the Wyoming, Montana and Idaho. Three when it was established in 1872 still roam along the fifty mile road between Mam­ lower 48 states. Nearly all wildlife species hundred fifty miles of paved road wind this vast wilderness. moth Hot Springs and Old Faithful. inhabiting the park when ft was first through the park, crossing the Continen­ officially explored more than 100 years tal Divide three times. Elevations range Unfortunately, their proximity to popular Areas of thermal activity include the ago survive today. It is difficult to describe from approximately 5,300 feet at the visitor use areas increases the likelihood Mammoth Hot Spring Terraces, Norris exactly where wildlife may be seen; North Entrance to almost 12,000 feet at that some animals will become habitu­ Geyser Basin, Fountain Paint Pot, habitat preferences and seasonal cycles Eagle Peak on the park's east boundary; ated—that is, used to people. Habituated Firehole Lake Drive, Midway Geyser of movement determine, in a general most roads lie at 7,500-8,000 feet. wildife are misleading—they may appear Basin, Biscuit Basin, Black Sand Basin, sense, where a particular animal may be to be highly tolerant of humans, but they and the Old Faithful area. Visitor Centers at a particular time. Historically, visitors often referred to are still wild, unpredictable and potentially along this road are located at Mammoth Yellowstone as "Wonderland," and that dangerous. Females with young are Hot Springs, Norris Geyser Basin, and Early morning and evening hours are may be even more appropriate today. especially protective and can be Old Faithful. when animals tend to feed and thus are An unparalled array of geothermal ferociously aggressive. more easily seen. But remember that phenomena—geysers, hot springs, the numbers and variety of animals you steam vents and mud pots—are Keep a safe distance from all wildlife. see are largely a matter of luck and preserved here, evidence of a volcanic Grand Canyon It is against the law to approach within coincidence. Check at visitor centers past (and future?). 100 yards of bears or within 25 yards The Grand Canyon of the Yellowstone for detailed information. Please use extends from Canyon Village north to of other wildlife. If you cause an pullouts when viewing wildlife, and The Grand Canyon of the Yellowstone Tower Junction. However, the most animal to move or change its behavior, remember that Yellowstone's animals is famous for its colors, shapes, and famous and spectacular section, includ­ you are too close. are wild; use binoculars or telephoto waterfalls (the Lower Falls, at 308 feet, ing the Upper and Lower Falls of the lenses for safe viewing and to avoid is the highest in the park). The park Yellowstone River, is seen from over­ Approaching wildlife at close range can disturbing them. shelters a variety and abundance of looks along the North and South Rim cause the animals stress. Though you wildlife found in few other places. Roads in the Canyon Village area. The may not see the animals react, be Yellowstone Lake and numerous rivers, northernmost extent of the canyon is observant—many animals will show signs streams, and waterfalls constitute a visible from Tower Fall and Calcite History of increased alertness or fear. The major Western water resource. Springs overlooks 19 miles north of Mammoth Hot Springs is park headquar­ animal(s) may move gradually or quickly Canyon Village. , ters. It is also the site of Fort Yellowstone, away; heads may perk up or eyes widen With so much to see and do, it's easy to built during the Army era (1886 to 1918) and focus on nearby humans; the animal be overwhelmed. The following tips and The drive between Tower Junction and of park administration. The former may flatten its ears, flare its nostrils, information will help you plan your time Canyon Village goes over Dunraven Bachelor Officers' Quarters is now the change body direction, stop eating, or rise from a resting stance. to suit your interests and energy level. Pass, the highest road in the park at Albright Visitor Center where the story of Rangers at visitor centers can fill in the 8,859 feet. Along the way you will find Yellowstone's colorful history is told. The details and help you make the most of spectacular views of the Absaroka Museum of the National Park Ranger is Every year, the major cause of injury your visit to Yellowstone. Mountains, the Yellowstone caldera and, located at Norris. to visitors by wildlife is approaching on a clear day, the Teton Mountains animals too closely. As a rule, a camera The park's major scenic attractions are to the south. During June and July, lens of less than 200mm is inadequate located along the Grand Loop Road, the wildflowers carpet the slopes of Mt. Services and facilities for wildlife photography. If your camera roughly figure-eight shaped road in the Washburn. A visitor center is located is not equipped with telephoto lenses, See page 11 for a directory of commer­ center of the park. The total mileage at Canyon Village. do not attempt closeup photography. cial services. All facilities, accommoda­ around the Loop is 142 miles. The Instead, photograph the animal in its tions and services are available from distance around the Upper Loop is 70 surroundings or purchase slides or approximately mid-June to late August. miles; the Lower Loop, 96 miles. Actual books. Be especially alert when photo­ Lake area However, facilities and services are driving time is difficult to estimate graphing bears. Look for signs of activity Yellowstone Lake, with 110 miles of limited before and after that period. because the maximum speed limit is such as tracks, scat, or animal carcasses. shoreline and a 136 square mile surface Please note opening and closing dates. 45 mph or lower where posted, roads Alert the bear to your presence by area, is North America's largest mountain are narrow, winding, and full of pot holes making noise. lake. Its relatively high elevation (7,733 General park information is available by and frost heaves, and traffic may be feet) is one reason why the lake is ice- calling National Park Service headquar­ heavy and slow moving. While it is Animals in the wild behave differently locked at least half of the year. The area ters at (307) 344-7381 (long distance possible to drive the Grand Loop in a than animals in zoos, and undisturbed is prime habitat for a variety of birds and from some park locations). Reservations day, major attractions like Old Faithful space is among the greatest of their mammals, and spectacular scenery plus for lodging, camping and activities such Geyser and the Grand Canyon of the needs. Respect this, and you will be fishing and boating have long made the as bus tours, horse rides, boat rental, etc. Yellowstone can only be seen by driving rewarded by seeing more of their natural area popular with visitors. Nearby, Mud may be made through TW Recreational to a parking area and walking to the activities and discovering how they live in Volcano and West Thumb Geyser Basin Services, Inc.; call (307) 344-7311. feature. the wild. You'll also expand your photo hint at a complex geologic history; opportunities and have a safe, rewarding present activity is unique and ever- These highlights will help you plan your If you have limited time, consider visit. changing. visit to Yellowstone, but much is left for spending it at just one area instead of you to discover. If you supply the time trying to "see the park" from the road. Permits, required for fishing and boating, and curiosity, Yellowstone's wonders will Many people believe that to fully appreci­ are available at Lake Ranger Station and be revealed to you. May your visit be ate just the major attractions in Yellow­ Grant Village Visitor Center (note that the safe, rewarding and memorable. stone requires a minimum of three days.

Yellowstone Park Medical Services COMPREHENSIVE MEDICAL CARE West Park Hospital, Cody, Wyoming, YPMS provides outpatient services at IN A WILDERNESS SETTING... through its Yellowstone Park Medical Lake Hospital and Old Faithful Clinic, Services (YPMS) Division, has been as well as at Mammoth. Lake Hospital offering medical care to Yellowstone's is also an acute care facility with ten Old Faithful Clinic Lake Clinic, Pharmacy & Hospital visitors, employees and residents since inpatient beds, clinical laboratory, Emergency Room, 24-hour service Hours: 8:30am-5:00pm, May 5-Oct. 22; 1980. pharmacy, radiology, and 24-hour Clinic hours: 8:30am-8:30pm, daily closed Thursday and Friday prior to ambulance and emergency services. May 22-September 15 May 27 and after September 15; Michael Kimbro, M.D., took over the The staff is assembled from highly Phone (307) 242-7241 Phone (307) 545-7325 Mammoth Clinic practice in the winter of qualified, experienced professionals 1994-95. Dr. Kimbro is a board certified from across the country. Mammoth Family Clinic family practitioner providing year-round EMERGENCIES -- DIAL 911 Hours: 8:30am-5:00pm; health care to the Yellowstone Park For information on employment for the Monday-Friday, year round community. Experienced registered 1995 season (both professional and nurses and office staff complete the team nonprofessional positions are available), June-August, daily; offering courteous, professional family send a resume to: Yellowstone Park Phone (307)344-7965 and emergency medical care. Medical Services, 707 Sheridan Avenue, Cody, WY 82414 or call (307) 578-2461. YELLOWSTONE PARK MEDICAL SERVICES In the summer, the operation grows to We're there when you need us! meet the needs of the park's increased A division of West Park Hospital - Cody, Wyoming number of visitors and the employees who serve them. YELLOWSTONE TODAY, Spring 1995 - 5 WARNING! Some things all visitors must know... hazards in Yellowstone National Park Emergency—dial 911 Contact a ranger 344-7381

Yellowstone is a wilderness filled with C Beware of falling trees J natural wonders that are also potential hazards. There is no guarantee of your Following the fires of 1988, thousands safety. Regulations are strictly enforced of dead trees, known as snags, were to protect you and the park's wonders. left standing in Yellowstone. These All wildlife, especially bison and bears, snags may fall with very little warning. are unpredictable and dangerous. View animals at a distance or from your car. Be cautious and alert for falling Keep a safe distance from all wildlife. snags along trails and roadways, It is against the law to approach within and in campsites and picnic areas. 100 yards of bears or within 25 yards Avoid areas with large numbers of of other wildlife or within any distance dead trees. Again, there is no guarantee where harassment occurs. For your of your safety. safety and the animals' welfare, avoid all wildlife with young.

Avoid these situations Your visit may be marred by tragedy if —improper food storage you violate park rules. Park rangers —camping violations strictly enforce park regulations to —pets off leash protect you and the park. Please help —littering keep contacts with you pleasant by —swimming in thermal pools paying special attention to park regula­ —removal of natural features tions and avoiding these problems: —approaching wildlife too closely —speeding (radar enforced) —boating and fishing violations ears are dangerous —driving while intoxicated —failure to remove detachable side All of Yellowstone is Bear Country. (open container law enforced) mirrors when not pulling trailers. of garbage in bear-proofed trash or People have been seriously injured, garbage cans. To decrease the maimed, and killed by bears. Do not likelihood of personal injury, store approach bears! Observe them at a all food and cooking utensils in a distance (you are at greatest risk if you secure place such as: are closer than 100 yards). Bears may —the trunk of your car appear tolerant of people but are known —suspended 10 feet above the ground to attack without warning. Feeding and 4 feet horizontally from a tree or wildlife is unlawful. Animals who are post fed often become demanding and —a food storage box, available in aggressive, cause personal injury, selected sites in campgrounds. and must be destroyed. If you are involved in a conflict with a bear, (regardless of how minor) or if Odors attract bears! Bears need your you observe a bear or bear sign, report concert—not your food. Never leave it to a park ranger as soon as possible. food or garbage unattended. Dispose Someone's safety may depend on it. Animals are unpredictable

Warning: Bison are more dangerous All wildiife are unpredictable and than they appear. Each year visitors dangerous. Do not approach bison approach bison too closely and are or any wildlife. View and photograph gored. People have been killed by these them from the safety of your vehicle. animals which weigh up to 2,000 pounds If an animal reacts to your presence, and sprint at 30 mph, three times faster you are too close. than you can run. Scalding water can ruin your vacation

Stay on boardwalks and designated destroys decades or centuries of intricate trails; watch for frosty and icy trails natural processes. It is illegal to throw and boardwalks, especially in the objects into features, deface them or morning. Scalding water underlies thin, remove natural features from the park. breakable crusts; pools are near or above Yellowstone's thermal features are boiling temperatures. Each year, visitors extraordinary natural wonders. Please off trail in thermal areas have been help us to keep them that way. seriously burned, and people have died in the scalding water. Pets are prohibited in thermal areas. Swimming or bathing in thermal pools or Thermal features are easily destroyed. streams whose waters flow entirely from Visitors throwing objects into these a thermal spring or pool is prohibited. features have damaged a number of Thermal waters may contain organisms geysers and hot springs. Walking on known to cause infections and/or them, carving or defacing them, or amoebic meningitis which can be quickly removing souvenir pieces of formation fatal. Swim at your own risk; for more information, ask at visitor centers. C Watch your children ^> Your hand and your voice may be too far away once your child leaves your side. Please—protect yourself and your park. 6 - YELLOWSTONE TODAY, Spring 1995

Emergency—911 - Other Useful Information NPS Information—344-7381 ACCIDENTS Report all accidents or CAMPFIRES Campfires are permitted MOTORCYCLES Motorcycles, motor an easy day hike or boat trip can turn into injuries to a park ranger. in designated campgrounds and in picnic scooters, and motor bikes must be a battle for survival. Exposure to wind, areas where fire grates are provided. operated on park roads; no off-road or rain, or cold can result in hypothermia. BICYCLING Bicycling is permitted on Backcountry use permits are required for trail travel is allowed. Operators must This rapid loss of body heat can cause established public roads, parking areas, campfires in the backcountry. Any dead carry a valid state driver's license and death if not treated. Early warning signs and designated routes. There are no and down material may be used as vehicles must display valid state license include shivering, slurred speech, memory bicycle paths along roadways. Bikes are firewood. plates. lapses, drowsiness, and exhaustion. Cold prohibited on backcountry trails and water is a special hazard to anglers and boardwalks. We strongly recommend CLIMBING Rock climbing in Yellow­ PERMITS Permits are required for boaters. that safety gear, including helmet and stone is dangerous due to loose, crumbly boating, fishing, and overnight high visibility clothing, be worn by all rock. Climbing is not recommended in backcountry use; ask at visitor centers STREAM CROSSING Fording a bicyclists. Park roads are narrow and most areas and is illegal in the Grand or ranger stations. Please carefully read stream can be hazardous, especially winding; most do not have a shoulder, Canyon. the regulations and safety information during spring snowmelt/high water. or shoulders are covered with gravel. you receive with your permit. Check at local ranger stations for current During April, May, and June, high DEFACING PARK FEATURES trail and stream conditions. snowbanks make travel more dangerous. Collecting natural or archeological PETS Pets must be leashed and are . Road elevations range from 5,300 to objects, or removing, defacing or des­ allowed only within 25 feet of roads and SWIMMING There are no swimming 8,860 feet and relatively long distances troying any plant, animal, or mineral is parking areas. Leaving a pet unattended pools in Yellowstone, and swimming, exist between services and facilities. prohibited. Travel into fragile thermal and/or tied to an object is prohibited. bathing, or wading in thermal features, or areas may result in damage to the area Pets are also prohibited on trails, in the in streams whose waters flow from thermal Motorists frequently do not see bicyclists or serious injury from scalding water. backcountry, on boardwalks and in features, is illegal. River, stream, and lake or fail to give them sufficient space on the thermal areas. water is so cold that hypothermia is a road. Drivers sometimes pass on hill FIREARMS Firearms are not allowed serious possibility. Swimming is generally crests, blind curves or in oncoming traffic. in Yellowstone. However, unloaded PICNIC AREAS Overnight camping discouraged. Vehicles, especially motor homes or firearms may be transported in a vehicle is not allowed in any of the park's picnic those towing trailers, may have wide when the weapon is cased, broken down areas. Fires may be built only in fire THEFT Theft is a potential problem. mirrors, posing an additional hazard. or rendered inoperable, and kept out of grates available in picnic areas at Snake To avoid becoming a victim: For more information about bicycling sight. Ammunition must be placed in a River, Grant Village, Bridge Bay, —lock your vehicle. in Yellowstone, including a list of trails, separate compartment of the vehicle. Cascade, Norris Meadows, Yellowstone —keep all valuables out of sight. stop at a visitor center. River, Spring Creek, Nez Perce, and the —put your name, address, or identifica­ LOST AND FOUND Report lost and east parking lot of Old Faithful. Liquid fuel tion number on all valuable property. BOATING A permit is required for all found items to any visitor center or ranger stoves may be used for cooking at other —report theft or vandalism to a ranger vessels, including float tubes, and must station. A report will be filed and the locations. Most picnic areas have pit immediately. be obtained in person at any of the article returned when possible. For more toilets, but none have drinking water. following locations: South Entrance, assistance write: Yellowstone National TRAFFIC Yellowstone has over 350 Lewis Lake Campground, Grant Village Park, Visitor Services Office, P.O. Box SHOULD YOU DRINK THE miles of roads. Most are narrow, rough, Visitor Center, Bridge Bay Marina and 168, Yellowstone National Park, Wyo­ WATER? Intestinal infections from and busy! Some sections are steep Lake Ranger Station. Non-motorized ming 82190. drinking untreated water are increasingly with sharp drop off s. Drive cautiously boating permits only are available at the common. Waters may be polluted by and courteously; slow moving vehicles Canyon and Mammoth Visitor Centers, MEDICAL SERVICES animal and/or human wastes. When must use pullouts to observe wildlife/ Northeast Entrance and Bechler Ranger Outpatient medical services are offered possible, carry a supply of water from a scenery and to allow safe passing by Station. The fee is $20 (annual) or $10 at three park locations during the summer domestic source. If you drink water from other vehicles. Watch for animals on the (7 day) for motorized vessels and $10 season—Lake, Mammoth, and Old lakes and streams boil it a minimum of road, especially at night. Bicycles and (annual) or $5 (7 day) for nonmotorized Faithful (see page 11 for dates of two minutes to reduce the chance of motorcycles present special hazards. vessels. A Coast Guard approved operation). The Lake Hospital has ten infection. Drive defensively and wear seat belts. personal flotation device is required for inpatient beds, 24-hour ambulance and Yellowstone now has a mandatory front each person boating. passenger seat belt requirement. emergency service, and laboratory, STORMS Yellowstone's weather is pharmacy and radiology services. unpredictable. A sunny warm day may Grand Teton National Park's boat permit Yellowstone Park Medical Services works become fiercely stormy with wind, rain, Be especially cautious of ice and road will be honored as a one-time 7 day closely with National Park Service sleet and sometimes snow. Lightning damage; cool temperatures may occur permit or can be applied toward a emergency medical personnel to provide storms are common; get off water or any time of the year. The maximum Yellowstone annual permit. All vessels prehospital care. In case of medical beaches and stay away from ridges, speed limit is 45 mph unless otherwise are prohibited on park rivers and streams emergencies while in the park, dial exposed places, and isolated trees. posted. except the channel between Lewis and 911. Without adequate clothing and gear, Shoshone Lakes, where only hand propelled vessels are permitted. _ Camping in Yellowstone National Park FIRST-COME FIRST-SERVED Bridge Bay campground may be made Please make your reservations early 14 days between June 15 and Labor Day, CAMPSITES There are twelve no more than eight weeks in advance of and/or plan on securing your camp­ and to 30 days the rest of the year. Check campgrounds in Yellowstone National your camping date by calling Mistix site as early in the day as possible; out time for all campgrounds is 10:00 am. Park. Seven of these campgrounds are Reservations at (800) 365-2267 (outside campgrounds may fill early In the day, operated by the National Park Service the U.S. (619) 452-5956). Mistix does not especially during peak season (early QUIET HOURS Camping in Yellow­ at Indian Creek, Lewis Lake, Mammoth, accept same day reservations. Reserva­ July-late August). stone is a special experience. Each visitor Norris, Pebble Creek, Slough Creek, and tions for the other four campgrounds may deserves the opportunity to hear the Tower Fall. Sites at these seven camp­ be made after April 1 by contacting TW CAMPING RULES Camping or birds, wildlife and streams in this beautiful grounds are available on a first-come, Recreational Services at (307) 344-7311 overnight vehicle parking in pullouts, environment. Respect the rights of other first-served basis. or by writing TW Recreational Services, parking areas, picnic grounds, or any campers and comply with the law by Inc., P.O. Box 165, YNP, WY 82190. place other than a designated camp­ adhering to quiet hours, 8:00 pm to CAMPSITE RESERVATIONS Fishing Bridge RV Park is the only ground is not permitted, and there are 8:00 am, which will be strictly enforced. TW Recreational Services, Inc. operates campground offering water, sewer, and no overflow camping facilities. However, No generators, loud audio devices or campgrounds at Bridge Bay, Canyon, electrical hookups, and is for hard-sided most often camping is available in other noise disturbances will be allowed Grant Village, Madison, and Fishing vehicles only (no tents or tent trailers); neighboring communities and forests during this time. Generators are only Bridge RV Park. In 1995, reservations for call (307) 344-7311 for reservations. outside the park. All camping is limited to permited in six campgrounds and the Fishing Bridge RV Park (see table at left). Showers/ Generators No. of Approx. Laundry Dump Permitted GOLDEN AGE/ACCESS DISCOUNT Holders of Golden Campground Sites Dates*" Fee Elev (ft) Toilet Nearby Station (8:00a m-8:00pm) Age and Access permits will be given a Bridge Bay* 434 5/26-9/25 $12.00 7800 Flush X X X 50 percent discount on camping fees. Canyon** 273 6/9-9/6 12.50 8000 Flush X X X Grant Village** 428 6/21-10/10 12.50 7800 Flush X X X GROUP CAMPING Group camping Madison** 281 5/1-10/30 12.50 6800 Flush X X areas are available from late May through Mammoth 85 All Year 10.00 6200 Flush X September for large organized groups Norris 116 5/19-9/18 10.00 7500 Flush X with a designated leader such as youth Indian Creek 75 6/9-9/11 8.00 7300 Pit groups, educational groups, etc. (family Lewis Lake 85 6/9-10/31 8.00 7800 Pit reunions or similar gatherings do not Pebble Creek 36 6/9-9/5 8.00 6900 Pit qualify). The fees range from $20-50 per Slough Creek 29 5/26-10/31 8.00 6250 Pit night depending on the size of the group. Advance reservations are required and Tower Fall 32 5/26-9/11 8.00 6600 Pit can be made beginning January 1 by Fishing Bridge RV** 345 5/19-9/18 20.00 f 7800 Flush X Sewer X contacting TW Recreational Services, hookups *Reserv*Pocon/eo througthrnnnh hMistiilieti xv (summe/eitr nmar only)r»n!\/t-; #»cala IlI iann\(800) 365-2267IRK.I >9R7 . Inc., P.O. Box 165, YNP, WY 82190 or "Reserve through TW Recreational Services; call (307) 344-7311 or TDD (307) 344-5395. phone (307) 344-7311. '"Dates are approximate and may depend on weather or resource management concerns YELLOWSTONE TODAY, Spring 1995 - 7 -Hiking in Yellowstone country Yellowstone National Park, encompassing 2.2 million acres, is one of America's thermal areas, cold water lakes, turbulent streams, and rugged mountains with loose, premier wilderness areas. Most of the park is backcountry and managed as wilder­ "rotten" rock are among them. Visiting wilderness means experiencing the land on its ness. Over 1,200 miles of trails are available for hiking. However, there are dangers terms. You have chosen to explore and enjoy the natural wonders of Yellowstone, but inherent in wilderness: unpredictable wildlife, changing weather conditions, remote there is no guarantee of your safety. Be prepared for any situation! Carefully read all backcountry guidelines and regulations. Backcountry rules To preserve Yellowstone's backcountry night. The maximum stay per campsite PACK IT IN—PACK IT OUT SANITATION and enhance your wilderness experience, varies from 1 to 3 nights per trip. A day- All refuse must be carried out of the Bury human waste 6 to 8 inches below the National Park Service has estab­ use permit is required for some areas. back country. This includes items partly the ground and a minimum of 100 feet lished the following regulations. Contact burned in the fire pit such as foil, tin or from a watercourse. Waste water a park ranger before you begin a day Bear activity sometimes require hiking glass. should be disposed of at least 100 feet hike or overnight trip. and camping restrictions. Permits are from a watercourse and campsite. also required for boating and fishing. STOCK USE Do not pollute lakes, ponds, rivers, or PERMITS Information and permits are available Overnight stock (horses, mules, burros, streams by washing yourself, clothing Permits are required for some day hikes at ranger stations and visitor centers. and llamas) use is not permitted prior or dishes in them. and all overnight trips. Yellowstone Park to July 1, due to range readiness and/or has a designated backcountry campsite CAMPRRES wet trail conditions. Horses are not allowed PROTECTING NATURAL FEATURES system and a non-fee permit is required Campfires are permitted only in estab­ in frontcountry campgrounds. Removing, defacing or destroying any for overnight stays. Permits can be lished fire pits. Bum only dead and down plant, animal, or mineral is prohibited. obtained only in person and no more than wood. Wood or ground fires are not PROHIBITED IN BACKCOUNTRY Leave historical and archeological 48 hours in advance. Each designated allowed in some campsites. Your fire Firearms, pets, motorized equipment, and items in place. Report your findings campsite has a maximum limit for the must be attended at all times and com­ wheeled vehicles are prohibited in the to a park ranger. number of people and stock allowed per pletely extinguished before you leave. backcountry. Hiking and camping in bear country Yellowstone National Park is home to IF YOU ENCOUNTER A BEAR WHEN CAMPING both grizzly and black bears. Although Do not run. Bears can run over 30 miles Never camp in an area that has obvious few and inconclusive. If a woman the risk of an encounter with a bear is per hour, or 44 feet per second—faster evidence of bear activity such as digging, chooses to hike or camp in bear country low, there are no guarantees of your than Olympic sprinters. Running may tracks, or scat. during menstruation, a basic precaution safety. Minimize your risks by following elicit an attack from otherwise non- should be to wear internal tampons, not the guidelines below. aggressive bears. If the bear is unaware Odors attract bears. Avoid carrying or external pads. Used tampons should be of you, detour away from the bear. If the cooking odorous foods. Keep a clean double bagged in a zip-lock type bag A FED BEAR IS A DEAD BEAR bear is aware of you and nearby, but has camp; do not cook or store food in your and stored the same as trash. Do not leave packs containing food not acted aggressively, slowly back away. -tent. All food, garbage, or other odorous unattended, even for a few minutes. items used for preparing or cooking food REPORT YOUR ENCOUNTER Allowing a bear to obtain human food Tree climbing to avoid bears is popular must be secured from bears. Hang all food, If you are involved in a conflict with a even once often results in the bear advice, but not very practical in many garbage, and odorous items at least 10 bear, regardless of how minor, report it becoming aggressive about obtaining circumstances. All black bears, all grizzly feet above the ground and at least 4 feet to a park ranger as soon as possible. such food in the future. Aggressive bears cubs, and some adult grizzlies can climb out from tree trunks. Treat all odorous Another's safety may depend on it. present a threat to human safety and trees. Running to a tree may provoke an products such as soap, deodorant, or other eventually must be destroyed or removed otherwise uncertain bear to chase you. toiletries in the same manner as food. BEAR MANAGEMENT AREAS from the park. Please obey the law and Exceptional combinations of food, do not allow bears or other wildlife to IF A BEAR APPROACHES Sleep a minimum of 100 yards from where shelter and space draw grizzlies to obtain human food. OR CHARGES YOU you hang, cook, and eat your food. Keep some parts of Yellowstone more than Do not run. Some bears will bluff their your sleeping gear clean and free of food others. In these Bear Management WHILE HIKING way out of a threatening situation by odor. Don't sleep in the same clothes worn Areas, human access is restricted to Make bears aware of your presence on charging, then veering off or stopping while cooking and eating; hang clothing reduce impacts on the bears and their trails by making loud noises such as abruptly at the last second. Bear experts worn while cooking and eating in plastic habitat. Ask at ranger stations and shouting or singing. This lessens the generally recommend standing still until bags. visitor centers for more information. chance of sudden encounters, which are the bear stops and then slowly backing the cause of most bear-caused human away. If you are attacked, play dead. BEARS AND injuries in the park. Hike in groups and Drop to the ground, lift your legs up to MENSTRUATING WOMEN use caution where vision is obstructed. your chest, and clasp your hands over Considering bears' highly developed sense Do not hike after dark. Avoid carcasses; the back of your neck. This technique of srhell, it may seem logical that they bears often defend this source of food. has been especially successful with could be attracted to odors associated with female bears that have cubs. menstruation. Studies on this subject are

Bear facts: characteristics of grizzly & black bears GRIZZLY BEAR BLACK BEAR (Ursus arctos horribilis Ord) (Ursus americanus pallas)

COLOR: Varies from black to blonde; COLOR: Varies from pure black to frequently with white tipped fur, giving a brown, cinnamon or blonde; in the grizzled "silvertip" appearance. Rocky Mountains about 50 percent are black with a brown muzzle. HEIGHT: About 3-1/2 feet at the shoulder; reaches 6 to 7 feet when HEIGHT: About three feet at the standing on hind legs. shoulder.

WEIGHT: Adults range from 200 to 700 WEIGHT: Adults range from 135 to lbs. and average 350 lbs. Females are over 300 lbs. Females are generally generally smaller than males. smaller than males.

HOME RANGE SIZE: Males: 821-2,096 HOME RANGE SIZE: Males: 6-124 sq. mi. (2,106-5,374 sq. km.); Females: sq. mi. (15-318 sq. km.); Females: 211-542 sq. km (541-1,391 sq. km.). 2-45 sq. mi. (5-115 sq. km.).

LIFE EXPECTANCY: 15 to 20 years in LIFE EXPECTANCY: 15 to 20 years the wild; 30 or more in captivity. in the wild; 30 or more in captivity.

A small grizzly is often difficult to distinguish from a large black bear. However, all bears are dangerous; treat them with extreme caution. Sows with cubs are especially ferocious when protecting them from real or perceived danger. If you discover an animal carcass, be alert; these are important sources of food, especially during spring, and bears will aggressively defend their caches.

A line drawn under big toe across top of pad runs through top 1/2 of little toe on black bear tracks and through or below bottom 1/2 of little toe on grizzly tracks. 8 - YELLOWSTONE TODAY, Spring 1995 •Wolves return to Yellowstone Beginning on March 21,1995,14 gray wolves (Canis lupus) were released from three fenced enclosures in Yellowstone National Park. The releases represent one tangible outcome of a plan devel­ oped over nearly two decades under the authority of the Endangered Species Act, with input by more than 160,000 people, to restore wolves in Yellowstone.

This plan, evaluated in an environmental impact statement (EIS) in 1992-1994, and under rules published in the Federal Register in November 1994, is to restore wolves to Yellowstone and central Idaho by establishing experimental populations of gray wolves in both areas. Copies of the rules, and of a summary of the final EIS, are available at park visitor centers or by calling (307) 344-2013. NPS file photo The Lamar Valley, where thousands of elk reside in winter—historic wolf habitat and location of current recovery efforts. The goal for Yellowstone wolf recovery is to establish 10 packs of wolves repro­ reason, the three acclimation sites are and still others may come into conflict hear or see wolves or wolf sign. In ducing in the area for three consecutive closed to the public when occupied by with livestock. Some may be killed by Denali National Park, Alaska, about years by the year 2002. wolves. The areas are posted against accidents, people, or other animals. 15% of park visitors see wolves. entry, and park rangers are on duty The plan is to place approximately 24 hours daily when wolves are in the All released wolves have been and will be Prior to 1870, gray wolves were common 15 wolves from Canada in three enclo­ pens. radio collared, and biologists will monitor in the northern Rocky Mountains, sures—about five wolves per one acre their movements from the ground and including Yellowstone. By the 1930s, pen—each year for 3-5 years. Each While the wolves are temporarily penned, from aircraft as regularly as weather government predator control programs group of wolves will be allowed to they are fed road-killed deer, elk, moose permits. Information gained from these had eliminated wolves from Yellowstone. acclimate to their new surroundings in and bison. Security boxes, like large dog monitoring efforts will enable managers to Yellowstone for several months before houses, are provided in the acclimation evaluate the success of this reintroduction Restoring wolves to Yellowstone is being released into the wild. The purpose enclosures so the wolves can hide from effort, and to modify the effort in future in keeping with national park goals to of the acclimation period is to let them humans or other wolves. years, if necessary. This reintroduction perpetuate all native species and their recover from the stresses of being will provide valuable insights about how to natural interactions with their environ­ captured and moved, and to reduce the The reasons for winter release are restore wolves and other large canids into ment. As with other park wildlife likelihood that wolves might travel widely numerous. Deep snow may discourage other habitats. programs, management emphasis or try to return to their former homes. the wolves from attempting long distance will be on minimizing human impacts dispersal. Nearly 20,000 elk, many of Although setbacks are to be expected, on natural animal population dynamics. Wolves were captured and moved from them vulnerable to wolf predation, will be most experienced wolf biologists in North Alberta in January, 1995. The removal of within a 30-mile radius of the wolves. America believe the restoration plan is Whether visitors observe wolves or not, wolves for this restoration project will not Pups bom in spring will be large and practical, and will result in a recovered once again the greater Yellowstone area significantly affect abundant wolf popula­ strong enough to make a living on their wolf population, possibly within the next will have a nearly complete complement tions there. The gray wolves of western own after release. And, historic denning decade. of the native wildlife found here long Canada are the same as those naturally sites are located within a few miles of the before Yellowstone became the world's recolonizing northern Montana, and that release sites. It is possible that wolves The chances of visitors seeing wolves in first national park. might have eventually reached Yellow­ will reoccupy these historic den sites. the spring of 1995 are very slim. There stone on their own. They also feed won't be many of them here, and it is primarily on the same prey that is After release, some wolves may remain unlikely they will be very visible, espe­ abundant in Yellowstone—elk and deer. near the enclosures and establish pack cially during the first year. After wolves Wild wolves are shy, and may become territories. Some may move to other wild have had time to establish territorities and frantic if unable to retreat. For this parts of the Greater Yellowstone area, reproduce, visitors may be more likely to

- Coyote or wolf?: identification facts It can be difficult to distinguish between coyotes and wolves. In general, wolves are much larger than coyotes., The wolf track printed here is actual size; tracks can be even larger. The legs and muzzle of a coyote are particularly delicate in appearance; the legs of a wolf appear much longer in proportion to its body. Coyotes are rarely pure black or white in color and are often light to dark gray with rust or brown. Both animals live in packs and can prey on small as well as larger animals, such as elk.

The National Park Service monitors wolf activity in Yellowstone. Wolf Photos—Monty Sloan, WoH Pan\ observation reports from park visitors SPECIES: COYOTE (Canis latrans) WOLF (Canis lupus) play a major role in detecting wolves massive in the area. If you think you see a wolf­ APPEARANCE: delicate 26-34 in (0.6-0.9 m) like animal, take detailed notes of your HEIGHT: 16-20 in (0.4-O.5 m) 5-6 ft (1.5-6 m) observation and your location, photo­ LENGTH: 3.5-4.25 ft (1.1-1.3 m) 70-120 lbs (32-54 kg) graph or measure tracks if possible, WEIGHT: 27-33 lbs (12-15 kg) varies from white to black to silvery gray; and report your sighting to a ranger at COLOR/COAT: varies from gray to tan with rust; thick and bushy the nearest visitor center. can be thick and bushy EARS: long and pointed rounded and relatively short MUZZLE: % long and narrow large, broad and blocky LEGS: thin and delicate thick and long FEET: small—2-2.5 in (5-6 cm) wide very targe—3.5-4 in (9-10 cm) wide 2.5-3.5 in (6-9 cm) long 4-5 in (10-13 cm) long TAIL: hangs straight down or out hangs straight down or out YELLOWSTONE TODAY, Spring 1995-9

Hamilton Stores, oldest park concessioner i Hamilton Stores takes great pride in Hamilton Stores also takes pride in its being the oldest concessioner under the many years of serving the traveling public jurisdiction of the National Park Service with its many facilities within Yellowstone. and a family owned, third generation Comprised of eight general stores, two HAMILTON STORES INC. business. In 1915, Charles Ashworth photo shops, two mini-convenience EST. 1915 Hamilton established Hamilton Stores, stores, a Christmas/Photo Shop in the YELLOWSTONE NATIONAL PARK Inc. with the purchase of the old Klamer Mammoth area, and a tackle shop Serving the traveling public since 1915, General Store in the Upper Geyser Basin located in the Bridge Bay Marina, of the Old Faithful area. Pictures of the Hamilton Stores carries and provides a Hamilton Stores, Inc. offers a wide variety facility, complete with horses and buggies broad range of products and services of merchandise including Yellowstone souvenirs, film and photo parked in front, still exist. Very quickly needed by visitors during their stay in supplies, fishing and camping equipment, T shirts and sweatshirts, after those pictures were taken, Hamilton Yellowstone. Stores, Yellowstone Park, and most outdoor gear, groceries and food, hot coffee and other beverages. definitely, the entire nation, moved into From food products, home decor and the automobile age. Hay bams were gifts, apparel, souvenirs, fishing, camping Hamilton Stores employees are also pleased to be of assistance replaced by service stations and a new and photo supplies, right down to on-site era began. photo processing in select locations, the should you have any questions regarding road conditions or general various conveniences to assist in making information about the park. The wonders of Yellowstone are now your Yellowstone stay as pleasant and accessible to all who wish to explore memorable as possible are offered. and enjoy them. To those who prefer a The Directory of Visitor Services can be of great assistance leisurely pace, much of this great park Hamilton Stores invite you to visit its while in Yellowstone. This directory is found on page 11 of the can be viewed by car. To those who locations and share a bit of our history. newspaper. desire a more personal experience, WELCOME TO YELLOWSTONE... nature walks, backcountry hiking and best wishes for an enjoyable stay in backpacking, by permit, are options. your National Park.

Yellowstone Park Service Stations open for spring travelers In Yellowstone, spring arrives behind Yellowstone Park Service Stations a fleet of snow plows that, each year, (YPSS) operates the service stations YELLOWSTONE PARK engage in one of the largest plowing and automotive repair shops in SERVICE STATIONS operations in the country. Yellowstone. Elsewhere in this publica­ tion—see page 11—you will find a list Yellowstone Park Service Stations has been serving visitors to Opening over 175 miles of park road of opening and closing dates. Yellowstone National Park since 1947. We offer quality petroleum for the summer season is a challenging task, and the progress of snow crews is The opening dates of YPSS service products at seven full-service stations located throughout very much related to the condition of the stations could be affected if weather Yellowstone. See page 11 for opening dates of YPSS stations. snow pack and weather. Roads open conditions create changes in the opening stretch by stretch over a period of several of park roads. Call park headquarters for weeks. information regarding availability of Tires - Batteries - Automobile Accessories gas and hours of operation. The front page of the newspaper gives a LP Gas is available at Fishing Bridge beginning May 13 tentative schedule of road opening dates Spring is a wonderful time to visit but check at visitor centers for current Yellowstone. There is little traffic, a lot information or call park headquarters of wildlife, beautiful snow-covered vistas Towing service is available at Old Faithful and at (307) 344-7381. and plenty of time for YPSS employees Canyon Village beginning April 15 to serve you. Please stop in. Conoco, MasterCard, Visa, American Express, and Discover Accessibility guide available credit cards are accepted A free Guide to Accessibility for the Handicapped Visitor is available at all visitor centers in the park. This guide describes which facilities have been judged to be negotiable by wheelchair users. Additional facilities are being made accessible as quickly as possible within funding limitations. For more information, write the Park Accessibility Coordinator, P.O. Box 168, Yellowstone National Park, WY 82190; TDD (Telecommunications Device for the Deaf only (307)344-2386). Yellowstone fishing: new fees, now lead-free The 1995 fishing season opens on some Recent legislation authorized the park waters as early as May 27, 1995. National Park Service to issue such Anglers 16 years of age and older are Special Use Permits for certain park Lead-free fishing in 1995 and beyond required to purchase a Special Use activities and to charge and recover the Yellowstone National Park has fishing are not allowed. Only non-lead Permit to fish in the park. costs associated with those activities. implemented a lead-free fishing alternatives will be allowed to accom­ All fees collected remain in the park to program. Fishing tackle such as pany these types of fishing tackle. The new permit system includes a support the management of fisheries. leaded split-shot sinkers, weighted For information, contact the Chief $5 seven-day permit and a $10 season The park's fisheries program includes jigs (lead molded to a hook), and Ranger's Office, P.O. Box 168, YNP, permit. Anglers 12-15 years of age are research, education, and enforcement soft lead-weighted ribbon for nymph WY 82190. allowed to fish in the park free of charge programs to manage aquatic systems as but must obtain a non-fee permit; those an integral part of the park ecosystem, 11 years and under may fish without a preserve and restore native species and permit but should be supervised by an aquatic habitats, and provide recreational adult who knows the fishing regulations. fishing opportunities for the enjoyment of Lake trout and Yellowstone Lake Permits will be available at ranger park visitors. Non-native lake trout (Salvelinus A panel of cutthroat trout and lake trout stations, visitor centers and Hamilton namaycush) were discovered in biologists met this winter to discuss Stores throughout the park. In addition, In a separate policy change, Yellowstone Yellowstone Lake late last summer. options for maintaining a robust cutthroat some sporting goods stores in surround­ has implemented lead-free fishing (see They pose a serious threat to the native population. A report of their findings is ing communities will offer the permits for box at right). Yellowstone cutthroat trout (Oncorhyn- due in May. sale. Visitors wishing to obtain a permit chus clarki bouvieri) population. by mail can write and request information The 1995 fishing season in Yellowstone The National Park Service is offering from the Visitor Services Office, P.O. Box National Park will open on some waters if lake trout succeed in spreading a $10,000 reward for information 168, Yellowstone National Park, WY on Saturday, May 27. However, Yellow­ throughout Yellowstone Lake, they could leading to the arrest and conviction of 82190. Permits will be sold beginning stone Lake opens June 15. Streams replace the native cutthroat trout, with person(s) responsible for introducing May 22,1995. flowing into and out of Yellowstone Lake grave effects on the many animals that lake trout into Yellowstone Lake. Please and the Yellowstone River upstream depend on cutthroat for their survival. contact the office of the Chief Ranger, from Canyon open July 15. Grizzly bears, bald eagles, white peli­ P.O. Box 168, Yellowstone National Park, cans, osprey, cormorants, otters, and WY 82190 or call (307) 344-2120. many other animals are all at risk. 10-YELLOWSTONETODAY, Spring 1995

- Study nature with Yellowstone Institute

Exploring Yellowstone to understand winter courses are also scheduled In and appreciate its natural wonders is January and February. Academic credit the purpose of the Yellowstone Institute. is available for designated courses. Through the Institute you can explore the secrets of Yellowstone, learn about The Institute is headquartered at the old the wonders of the land and its life forms, "Buffalo Ranch," where the park's bison enjoy a distinctive experience, meet recovery project was centered early in the people with similar interests, and learn century. Cozy log cabins overlook the from top-notch instructors. beautiful Lamar Valley, a haven for elk, bison, mule deer, bighorn sheep, and The Yellowstone Institute features other large mammals. outdoor courses for all age groups on topics such as wildlife photography, In this magnificent setting, participants grizzly bears, wildflowers, geysers, birds get close to nature and see Yellowstone of prey, ecology, art, animal tracks, with the experts. Field work may take Native Americans, fly fishing, writing, place at locations throughout the park. and Yellowstone history. There are also Since much class time will be spent some courses especially for families and outdoors, students should be prepared Photo-Don Nelson children. for a variety of mountain weather A Yellowstone Institute class discusses petrified trees on Specimen Ridge. conditions. During this year's session, which able. There are discounts for current extent allowable by law (see page 3). extends from May 27 through September The Institute is sponsored by the members of the Yellowstone Association To obtain information or a free course 24, more than 70 classes are offered. Yellowstone Association, a non-profit or those who join when they enroll. catalog, write to Box 117, Yellowstone Courses run from one to five days. Six educational entity, so prices are reason- Memberships are tax deductible to the National Park, WY 82190 or call (307) 344-2294. TW Recreational Services, Inc.— EXPLORE YELLOWSTONE This Winter Season committed to hospitality excellence TW Recreational Services, Inc. (TWRS) activities desk as soon as your plans has been Yellowstone's principal conces­ are made. We advise park visitors to sioner since 1979. TWRS operates the carry along a jacket, sweatshirt, park's lodging, RV park, four camp­ and/or rain gear when participating grounds, restaurants, cafeterias, snack in any outdoor activity. shops, cocktail lounges, gift shops, dinner cookouts, horse corrals, motorcoach TWRS also operates visitor facilities at sightseeing tours, self-guided auto tours, Zion and Bryce Canyon, North Rim- and a full service marina. For details on Grand Canyon, and Everglades National our Winter in Yellowstone! operation, Parks; Mount Rushmore National As you drive through the world's first national park today, imagine it quieted see our advertisement on this page. Memorial; and Scotty's Castle at Death by a thick blanket of snow. A winter visit to Yellowstone will provide you with Valley National Monument. TWRS an unforgettable vacation where cross-country skiing and snowcoach touring TW Recreational Services is committed reinvests millions of dollars into are without equal. Enjoy all that Yellowstone has to offer during this quiet to hospitality excellence. We will do our improvements and new concession utmost to assure that your visit to this season...wildlife in abundance, frozen lakes, icy waterfalls, the Old Faithful facilities at these locations as well as park is a memorable experience and in Yellowstone. Geyser, thousands of other thermal features, and much, much more. we invite your comments about our operation. Our employees are one of our greatest For more information, contact any assets. TWRS hires more than 3,700 W^SHft RECREATIONAL SERVICES hotel front desk or activity desk, Reservations for lodging, activities, and seasonal employees in Yellowstone or call (307) 344-7311. Authorized Concessioner of the dinner at five of our hotel dining rooms alone. If you would like to receive an National Park Service AA/EOE are strongly recommended. Please application, please call (307)344-5324. inquire at any lodging front desk or

Providing electricity to Yellowstone National Park llfSWESTcOMMUNICATIONS @ since 1959. May your visit to /////// Yellowstone be memorable. As provider of telephone service to Yellowstone, the world's The Montana Power Company first National Park, we wish you a safe and enjoyable visit.

Recycle... Recycle... Recycle National Parks Touring Artist Program Deposit your aluminum and glass in deposits. Use the recycling bins in food This June, July, and August, Yellowstone students at all levels. For more detailed specially marked grey cans located service areas. Do your part to help National Park is sponsoring landscape information, phone (307) 344-2260 or in campgrounds. Return cans with reduce Yellowstone's waste. Make painting and nature drawing workshops write to the National Parks Touring codes to Hamilton Stores for 5 cent recycling a habit... here and at home! with artist-in-residence Sidney Artists Program, 1137 Goldmine Road, Wildesmith. These classes are open to Cerrillos, NM 87010.

NPS m photo Slicing through 1,000 foot deep walls, the Yellowstone River tumbles over the 308-foot Lower Falls in the Canyon area. YELLOWSTONE TODAY, Spring 1995 -11 Directory of Commercial Services Facilities & Services offered in Yellowstone National Park by Hamilton Stores, Inc. * TW Recreational Services, Inc. * Yellowstone Park Service Stations Yellowstone Park Medical Services Dates may be subject to change Reservations are suggested for dining, lodging & activities; inquire at any lodging front desk or activities desk, or call TW Recreational Services at (307) 344-7311 or TDD (307) 344-5395.

Light Meals, Accommodations Marina Fast Foods OLD FAITHFUL INN - Rooms. May 5-October 22 MAMMOTH GENERAL STORE - Open year round BRIDGE BAY MARINA - Dock rental May 29- OLD FAITHFUL SNOW LODGE - Rooms and cabins. OLD FAITHFUL PHOTO SHOP - April 15-October 23 September 24; Store and tackle rental May 26- May 12-October8 CANYON PHOTO SHOP - April 21-Sept. 11; reopens September 13; Scenicruiser excursions June 3- LAKE YELLOWSTONE HOTEL - Rooms, cabins. Sept. 26-October19 September 24; Boat rental, guided fishing trips May 13-October 1 OLD FAITHFUL BASIN STORE - April 29-October 22 June 15-September 17 OLD FAITHFUL LODGE - Cabins. May 19- OLD FAITHFUL INN, PONY EXPRESS SNACK September 17 SHOP - May 5-October 21 MAMMOTH HOT SPRINGS HOTEL - Rooms, cabins. GRANT VILLAGE MINI STORE - May 5-October 10 May 19-September 24 OLD FAITHFUL BAC STORE - May 6-September 14 Horse Operations GRANT VILLAGE - Rooms. May 26-September 24 FISHING BRIDGE GENERAL STORE - May 13-Sept. 17 CANYON LODGE - Rooms, cabins. June 3-Aug. 28 MAMMOTH TERRACE GRILL - May 13-Sept. 24 MAMMOTH HOT SPRINGS - Trail rides. LAKE LODGE - Cabins. June 10-September 18 LAKE YELLOWSTONE HOTEL DELI - May 13-Sept. 30 May 20-September 23 ROOSEVELT LODGE - Cabins. June 10-August 28 LAKE GENERAL STORE - May 14-October 1 CANYON LODGE - Trail rides. June 9-Sept. 9 OLD FAITHFUL FOUR SEASONS DELI - ROOSEVELT LODGE - Trail rides, June 10- May 19-November5 August 27; Stagecoach Rides, June 10-August 27; Restaurants, TOWER FALL STORE - May 19-September 20 Old West Dinner Cookouts: June 11 -August 27 OLD FAITHFUL LODGE SNACK SHOPS - Cafeterias May 19-October 1 * Dinner reservations required. Inquire at any CANYON GENERAL STORE - May 20-Sept. 25 lodging front desk or dining room host stand. GRANT VILLAGE GENERAL STORE - May 27- Medical Services September 24 * OLD FAITHFUL INN DINING ROOM - BRIDGE BAY MARINA STORE - May 26-Sept. 13 MAMMOTH CLINIC-Open Sept. 1-May 31 weekdays; May 5-October 22 ROOSEVELT STORE - June 10-August 28 June 1-August 31, daily; phone (307) 344-7965 OLD FAITHFUL SNOW LODGE RESTAURANT - CANYON LODGE SNACK BAR - June 3-August 27 OLD FAITHFUL CLINIC - May 5-October 22; May 12-October8 closed Thursday and Friday prior to May 27 and * LAKE YELLOWSTONE HOTEL DINING ROOM after Sept. 15; phone (307) 545-7325 May 13-October 1 LAKE HOSPITAL - May 22-September 15; * MAMMOTH HOT SPRINGS HOTEL DINING ROOM - General Stores phone (307) 242-7241 May 19-September24 OLD FAITHFUL LODGE CAFETERIA - MAMMOTH GENERAL STORE - Open year round May 19-Sept. 16 OLD FAITHFUL BASIN STORE - April 29-October 22 * GRANT VILLAGE RESTAURANT - May 26-Sept. 24 GRANT VILLAGE MINI STORE - May 5-October 10 Campgrounds GRANT VILLAGE STEAKHOUSE - May 26-Sept. 24 OLD FAITHFUL BAC STORE - May 6-September 14 See page 6 for camping information; call for CANYON LODGE CAFETERIA - June 3-August 28 "FISHING BRIDGE GENERAL STORE - reservations and/or plan to select sites early. * CANYON LODGE DINING ROOM - June 3-Sept. 10 May 13-Sept. 17 LAKE LODGE CAFETERIA - June 10-September 18 LAKE GENERAL STORE - May 14-October 1 ROOSEVELT LODGE DINING ROOM - June 10- TOWER FALL STORE - May 19-September 20 Backcountry Tours August 28 CANYON GENERAL STORE - May 20-Sept. 25 ROOSEVELT LODGE DINNER COOKOUT - GRANT VILLAGE GENERAL STORE - May 27-Sept. 24 PARKWIDE - Write to Yellowstone National Park, WY June 11-August 27 BRIDGE BAY MARINA STORE - May 26-Sept. 13 82190 or call the National Park Service, (307) 344-7381, ROOSEVELT STORE - June 10-August 28 for a list of certified outfitters. June-September ** This location offers one hour film .processing Hotel & Lodge Gift Shops Photo Shops Motorcoach Tours OLD FAITHFUL INN - May 5-October 22 Gifts, Souvenirs LOWER LOOP TOUR - Departs from locations OLD FAITHFUL SNOW LODGE - May 12-Oct. 8 along the Lower Loop only. LAKE YELLOWSTONE HOTEL - May 13-Oct. 1 "OLD FAITHFUL PHOTO SHOP - April 15-October 23 UPPER LOOP TOUR - Departs from Lake Hotel, FISHING BRIDGE RV PARK - May 19-Sept. 18 "CANYON PHOTO SHOP - April 21-Sept. 11; reopens Fishing Bridge RV Park, and Canyon Lodge. MAMMOTH HOT SPRINGS HOTEL - May 19- September 26-October 19 GRAND LOOP TOUR - Departs from Gardiner, MT September 24 "YELLOWSTONE NATURE STORE, MAMMOTH - and Mammoth Hot Springs Hotel. OLD FAITHFUL LODGE - May 19-October 1 June 2-Sept. 6 GRANT VILLAGE - May 26-September 24 BRIDGE BAY MARINA STORE - May 26-Sept. 13 CANYON LODGE - June 3-Sept. 10 ** This location offers one hour film processing LAKE LODGE - June 10-September 18 Area Chambers of Commerce ROOSEVELT LODGE - June 10-August 28 Services are available in communities near the park. For information, contact the Chambers of Commerce in: Service Stations Billings, MT Cody, WY Public Showers (406) 245-4111 (307) 587-2297 & Laundry '"OLD FAITHFUL, Lower Station - April 15-November 5 '"CANYON VILLAGE - April 15-November 5 Bozeman, MT Jackson, WY FISHING BRIDGE RV PARK - Showers and laundry. '"MAMMOTH HOT SPRINGS - May 10-October 9 (406) 586-5421 (307)733-3316 May 19-September 18 '"FISHING BRIDGE - May 13-September 30 OLD FAITHFUL LODGE - Showers. May 19-Sept. 16 OLD FAITHFUL, Upper Station - May 27-August 27 Gardiner, MT Dubois, WY CANYON VILLAGE CAMPGROUND - Showers and GRANT VILLAGE - May 1-November 5 (406) 848-7971 (307) 455-2556 laundry. June 9-September 5 TOWER JUNCTION - June 10-August 30 LAKE LODGE - Laundry. June 10-September 18 '"Diesel fuel is available at these stations. Livingston, MT East Yellowstone-Wapiti GRANT VILLAGE CAMPGROUND - Showers and OLD FAITHFUL REPAIR SERVICE - May 27- (406) 222-0850 Valley (307) 587-9595 laundry. June 21-October 10 August 27. Wrecker service will be provided from the Old Faithful stations April 15-November 5. West Yellowstone, MT Idaho Falls, ID FISHING BRIDGE REPAIR SERVICE - May 27- (406) 646-7701 Chamber (208) 523-1010 Automatic Banking September 10. Wrecker service will be provided from Lodging only Eastern Idaho Visitor Info Fishing Bridge station May 27-September 10. (406) 646-9488 Center (800) 634-3246 24-hour cash available at the Old Faithful Inn, Lake CANYON REPAIR SERVICE - May 27-September 10. Yellowstone Hotel, and Canyon Lodge. CIRRUS and Wrecker service will be provided from Canyon station Cooke City-Silver Gate, MT PLUS automatic network machines will be in sen/ice April 15-November 5. (406) 838-2265 for cash anytime during these lodging facilities' GRANT VILLAGE REPAIR AND WRECKER SERVICE - seasons. May 1-November 5. Red Lodge, MT (406)446-1718 FISHING BRIDGE LP GAS PLANT - May 13-Sept. 29 OLD FAITHFUL LP GAS PLANT - May 27-August 27 GRANT VILLAGE LP GAS PLANT - June 3-Oct. 7 Yellowstone roads and facilities This map shows roads and facilities open in the summer. Throughout the spring, park facilities open gradually; please consult page 11.

Emergency: dial 911 Contact a ranger: (307) 344-7381

Visitor Center or Jj FoodService Hospital or Clinic Ranger Station General Store Gasoline Campground Marina Rest Rooms Campground— Hard-sided vehicles only Auto Repair Full Services*

A listing of commercial facilities and services, with opening and closing dates for the 1995 season, is found on page 11. *Full services indicates lodging, food service, general store, rest rooms and telephone. Other telephones are located throughout the park.

This map courtesy of Conoco—providing petroleum products since 1917... AH service stations in Yellowstone (conoco) offer environmentally sensitive fuels, specially formulated by Conoco to reduce hydrocarbon emissions and decrease other pollution-related problems. Conoco is also a major contributor to the Museum of the National Park Ranger.