Macintosh® Macintosh Portable
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® Macintosh® Macintosh Portable ® Developer Notes Developer Technical Publications © Apple Computer, Inc. 1989 APPLE COMPUTER, INC. POSTSCRIPT is a registered IN NO EVENT WILL APPLE BE trademark, and illustrator is LIABLE FOR DIRECT, This manual is copyrighted INDIRECT, SPECIAL, by Apple or by Apple’s a trademark, od Adobe Systems Incorporated. INCIDENTAL, OR suppliers, with all rights CONSEQUENTIAL reserved. Under the ITC Zapf Dingbats is a DAMAGES RESULTING copyright laws, this manual registered trademark of FROM ANY DEFECT OR may not be copied, in whole International Typeface INACCURACY IN THIS or in part, without the Corporation. MANUAL, even if advised of the written consent of Apple possibility of such damages. Computer, Inc. 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Contents Figures and tables viii Preface About These Developer Notes xi Supplemental reference documents xii Terminology: Sleep State, Idling State, and the Operating State xii 1 Introduction 1-1 1.1 Features 1-2 1.2 Optional additions 1-7 1.3 Internal expansion interfaces 1-7 1.4 Peripherals 1-8 iii 2 Software Developer Guidelines 2-1 3 Firmware 3-1 3.1 Overview 3-3 Terminology 3-3 3.2 Address map 3-3 3.3 Changes to ROM 3-6 Power manager processor 3-6 Apple Desktop Bus 3-6 Real-time clock (RTC) and Parameter RAM 3-7 Serial Driver 3-7 FDHD, the high-density floppy disk drive 3-7 Data storage 3-8 GCR format 3-9 MFM format 3-9 The disk media 3-10 The File System 3-11 High Density Floppy Disk Driver 3-12 Kill I/O (csCode=1) 3-12 Verify Disk (csCode=5) 3-12 Format Disk (csCode=6) 3-12 Eject Disk (csCode=7) 3-13 Set Tag Buffer (csCode=8) 3-13 Track Cache Control (csCode=9) 3-14 Return Physical Drive Icon (csCode=21) 3-15 Return Media Icon (csCode=22) 3-15 Return Drive Info (csCode=23) 3-16 Status calls 3-17 Return Format List (csCode=6) 3-17 Drive Status (csCode=8) 3-19 MFM Status (csCode=10) 3-20 A sample program 3-21 FDHD Driver Demo resources 3-33 Sound Manager 3-35 Modem 3-35 Sleep State and Operating State 3-35 RAM and ROM Expansion 3-35 iv Developer Notes Diagnostics—The “sad Macintosh” icon 3-36 Major error codes 3-37 Minor error codes—Power manager processor failures (Macintosh Portable only) 3-38 Diagnostic Code Summary 3-39 Test Codes 3-39 Power manager communication error codes 3-39 CPU exception codes (as used by the startup tests) 3- 40 Script Manager 3-40 Notification Manager 3-40 4 System Software 4-1 4.1 Overview 4-2 Terminology 4-2 System tools software conversion 4-2 4.2 The Macintosh Portable control panel cdev resource 4-3 4.3 The Macintosh Portable battery desk accessory 4-4 4.4 Macintosh Portable battery monitor 4-5 Contents v 5 Hardware 5-1 5.1 The Macintosh Portable Specifications 5-3 5.2 Comparison of the Macintosh Portable and the Macintosh SE 5-6 Improvements 5-6 Variations 5-6 5.3 Block diagrams of the Macintosh Portable and Macintosh SE 5-8 5.3 The central processing unit (CPU) 5-11 5.4 Video display interface chip 5-11 Flat panel display description 5-13 Video signal timing 5-13 Contrast control 5-15 5.6 Permanent RAM array 5-17 5.7 Permanent ROM array 5-17 5.8 Memory Expansion 5-18 Internal RAM Expansion 5-19 Internal ROM Expansion 5-21 ROM expansion jumper on the main logic board 5-23 5.9 Coarse Address Decode and GLU 5-24 5.10 Fine Address Decode and GLU 5-24 5.11 VIA interface 5-24 5.12 SCSI Interface 5-25 5.13 SWIM floppy disk interface 5-28 5.14 SCC Interface 5-31 5.15 Apple Desktop Bus (ADB) 5-34 The keyboard processor 5-35 Low-Power keyboard 5-35 Low-power trackball 5-37 5.16 Sound interface 5-38 5.17 Macintosh Portable expansion bus interface 5-39 5.18 The Macintosh Portable I/O port connectors 5-43 Video connector 5-44 External disk drive connector 5-45 External SCSI connector 5-47 RJ-11 telephone receptacle 5-49 Apple Desktop Bus (ADB) connector 5-49 Serial ports (modem/printer) 5-51 Stereo phone jack 5-52 vi Developer Notes DC power input for the battery recharger 5-53 5.19 Battery recharger 5-53 Contents vii 6 The Power Manager 6-1 6.1 Introduction 6-2 6.2 Power manager states—idling, sleeping, and waking 6-2 BatteryMonitor Code on the 68000 6-4 Idle/sleep code function 6-4 Criterion for idle 6-5 Criterion for sleep state 6-5 6.3 Power management hints (hardware) 6-6 Microprocessor 6-6 Permanent main memory 6-7 ROM memory 6-7 Floppy disk interface 6-8 SCC Interface 6-8 Video Display Panel Interface 6-9 6.4 Operating system interface (ROM calls) 6-10 Calling Sleep 6-10 Sleep request 6-10 Sleep demand 6-10 The Sleep Queue 6-11 Installing a record 6-12 Removing a record 6-12 Sleep Queue calls 6-13 Sleep Request 6-13 Sleep Demand 6-14 Sleep Wake Up 6-14 Network Services 6-14 7 Expansion Card Design Guides 7-1 7.1 Main logic board with expansion connectors 7-2 7.2 Expansion card design guides 7-3 8 Options 8-1 8.1 The modem card 8-2 Summary of modem card features 8-2 Hardware interface 8-3 Analog output 8-7 Power supply and dissipation 8-7 viii Developer Notes Power control interface 8-8 Ring detect signal 8-10 Telephone network interface (Data Access Arrangement) 8-10 Standards information for reference 8-11 Compatibility and modulation 8-11 Transmit carrier frequencies 8-11 Guard tone frequencies and transmit levels (CCITT only) 8-11 Answer tone frequency 8-11 Received signal frequency tolerance 8-11 Command Definitions 8-12 8.2 Low-power mouse 8-22 Electrical requirements 8-22 Active mode 8-22 Idle mode 8-22 8.3 RAM expansion card 8-23 8.4 ROM expansion card 8-23 8.5 External video adapter (Macintosh II/NTSC/PAL- European) 8-23 8.6 Low power hard drive 8-24 Power requirements 8-24 Drive interface signals 8-25 Contents ix Figures and tables 1 Introduction 1-1 Figure 1-1 The Macintosh Portable Feature Summary 1-2 Figure 1-2 I/O Ports and Connectors on the Main Logic Board 1- 3 Figure 1-3 The Macintosh Portable Standard Configuration 1-6 Table 1-1 The Macintosh Portable Specifications 1-4 3 Firmware 3-1 Figure 3-1 The Macintosh Portable Address Map 3-4 Figure 3-2 The Macintosh SE Address Map 3-5 Figure 3-3 GCR data format 3-9 Figure 3-4 MFM data format 3-10 Figure 3-5 Disk media compatibility 3-11 Figure 3-6 GCR file tag format 3-13 Figure 3-7 MFM sector information block 3-14 Figure 3-8 Drive icons 3-15 Figure 3-9 Media icons 3-16 Figure 3-10 Return drive information format 3-16 Figure 3-11 Return format record 3-18 Table 3-1 Power Manager Processor 3-6 Table 3-2 Possible disk format 3-8 Table 3-3 Cache enable codes 3-14 Table 3-4 Cache control codes 3-15 Table 3-5 Drive types 3-17 Table 3-6 Combinations of drives and media 3-18 Table 3-7 Drive status return values 3-19 Table 3-8 MFM status return values 3-21 x Developer Notes 4 System Software 4-1 Figure 4-1 Control Panel 4-3 Figure 4-2 Battery desk accessory 4-4 5 Hardware 5-1 Figure 5-1 The Macintosh Portable Architecture 5-9 Figure 5-2 Macintosh SE Architecture 5-10 Figure 5-3 Display Pixel Map 5-12 Figure 5-4 Video Interface Timing Diagram 5-14 Figure 5-5 Internal RAM expansion connector 5-20 Figure 5-6 Internal ROM Expansion Connector 5-22 Figure 5-7 Internal ROM Expansion Jumper (see also Figure 1-2) 5-23 Figure 5-8 SCC Mini-8 Connector 5-33 Figure 5-9 Trackball Direction Conventions 5-38 Figure 5-10 I/O port connectors 5-43 Figure 5-11 External video connector 5-44 Figure 5-12 External Disk Drive Connector 5-45 Figure 5-13 External SCSI connector 5-47 Figure 5-14 RJ-11 Telephone Receptacle 5-49 Figure 5-15 The Macintosh Portable ADB connector 5-50 Figure 5-16 Serial ports 5-51 Table 5-1 The Macintosh Portable Specifications 5-4 Table 5-2 Macintosh Portable vs.