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Herbert River Flood Study Main Report Volume 1 of 2

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Herbert River Flood Study Main Report Volume 1 of 2 Herbert River ImprovementImprovement TrustTrust HerbertHerbert RiverRiver FloodFlood StudyStudy M a i n R e p o r t - V o l u m e 1 o f 2 OCEANICS AUSTRALIA Herbert River Flood Study Main Report Volume 1 of 2 Offices Prepared For: Herbert River Improvement Trust Brisbane Denver Prepared By: WBM Oceanics Australia Karratha Melbourne Morwell Newcastle Sydney Vancouver G:\ADMIN\B13309.G.MAJ\R.B13309.002.01.VOL_1.DOC 13/6/03 09:06 OCEA NICS A USTRALIA DOCUMENT CONTROL SHEET WBM Oceanics Australia Document: R.B13309.002.01.Vol_1.doc Brisbane Office: Title: Herbert River Flood Study – Main Report - Volume 1 of 2 WBM Pty Ltd Project Manager: Mark Jempson Level 11, 490 Upper Edward Street SPRING HILL QLD 4004 Author: Mark Jempson and Malcolm Jenkins Australia Client: Herbert River Improvement Trust PO Box 203 Client Contact: Ross Hogan Spring Hill QLD 4004 Client Reference: Telephone (07) 3831 6744 Synopsis: This document details the Herbert River Facsimile (07) 3832 3627 Flood and Floodplain Management Study. www.wbmpl.com.au On the basis of this Study, the Floodplain Management Study Advisory Group ABN 54 010 830 421 002 recommends the inclusion of some of the options presented here for inclusion into the Floodplain Management Plan. The Plan exists as a separate document. REVISION/CHECKING HISTORY REVISION DATE CHECKED BY ISSUED BY NUMBER 0 05/12/02 W. Syme M. Jempson 1 06/06/02 C.Barton M. Jempson DISTRIBUTION DESTINA TION REVISION 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Herbert River Improvement Trust 10 40 BoM 1 0 WBM File 1 1 WBM Library 2 2 G:\ADMIN\B13309.G.MAJ\R.B13309.002.01.VOL_1.DOC 13/6/03 09:06 OCEA NICS A USTRALIA FORWARD I FORWARD The Queensland Department of Emergency Services is administrating the Queensland studies under the Federal Department of Transport and Regional Services’ “Natural Disaster Risk Management Studies Program.” The aim of the program is to identify, analyse and evaluate the risks from natural disasters and to identify risk management measures to reduce the risk to life and property. Flooding was identified as a major risk on the Herbert River floodplain and funding has been obtained through this program to develop a Floodplain Management Plan. The publication “Floodplain Management in Australia – Best Practice Principles and Guidelines” (CSIRO, 2000) provides the framework for the development and implementation of a Floodplain Management Plan. The process outlined in CSIRO (2000) is described below. Floodplain Management Process Stage Description 1. Flood Behaviour Definition The nature and extent of the flood problem are determined. 2. Floodplain Management Management measures for the floodplain are investigated in Measures Investigation respect of both existing and proposed developments. These options are evaluated based on the impact on flood risk, while considering social, ecological and economic factors. 3. Floodplain Management Plan Following acceptance of Stage 2 recommendations, the preferred management options are documented in a plan. 4. Implementation of the Plan Involves formal adoption by Council of the floodplain risk management plan and a process of implementation for the selected flood, response and property modification options. This document comprises Stage 1 and 2 of the process for the Herbert River. It defines the existing flooding problem and assesses a range of measures and their ability to reduce the impact of flooding in the Herbert River area by controlling the flood risk and reducing flood damages. The impact on flooding of a number of past floodplain works are also assessed. Stage 3 is reported in a separate document (WBM, 2003), which summarises the preferred management measures identified in this report. WBM Oceanics Australia was commissioned by the Herbert River Improvement Trust (HRIT) to carry out this study. G:\ADMIN\B13309.G.MAJ\R.B13309.002.01.VOL_1.DOC 13/6/03 09:06 OCEA NICS A USTRALIA CONTENTS II CONTENTS Forward i Contents ii List of Figures viii List of Tables ix Glossary xii List of Abbreviations xv 1 INTRODUCTION 1-1 1.1 Background 1-1 1.2 Study Area 1-2 1.3 Previous Studies 1-3 1.4 Objectives 1-3 1.5 Study Advisory Group 1-4 1.6 Community Consultation 1-4 2 STUDY APPROACH 2-1 2.1 Data Collection 2-1 2.1.1 Topographic and GIS Data Sets 2-1 2.1.2 Resident Survey 2-1 2.1.3 Site Inspections 2-1 2.1.4 Historical Flood Data 2-1 2.2 Community Consultation 2-2 2.3 Flood Model Development & Calibration 2-2 2.4 Design Floods 2-3 2.5 Assessment of Past Floodplain Developments 2-3 2.6 Sediment Transport Assessment 2-4 2.7 Evaluate Potential Floodplain Management Measures 2-4 2.8 Finalise Management Measures 2-4 2.9 Reporting 2-4 3 DATA COLLECTION 3-1 3.1 Topographic Data 3-1 3.2 Resident Survey and Site Inspection 3-2 3.3 GIS Data Sets 3-2 G:\ADMIN\B13309.G.MAJ\R.B13309.002.01.VOL_1.DOC 13/6/03 09:06 OCEA NICS A USTRALIA CONTENTS III 3.4 Historical Flood Data 3-2 4 FLOOD MODEL DEVELOPMENT & CALIBRATION 4-1 4.1 Background 4-1 4.2 Hydrologic Model 4-1 4.3 Hydraulic Model 4-2 4.4 TUFLOW Hydrodynamic Modelling System 4-3 4.5 Establishing River & Floodplain Topography 4-3 4.6 Selection of Calibration/Verification Events 4-4 4.7 Hydraulic Model Calibration 4-10 4.7.1 Calibration Procedure 4-10 4.7.2 1991 Calibration 4-10 4.7.3 1967 Model Verification 4-14 4.8 Summary 4-16 5 DESIGN FLOODS 5-1 5.1 Background 5-1 5.2 Design Hydrology 5-1 5.2.1 URBS Hydrological Model 5-2 5.2.2 Flood Frequency Analysis 5-3 5.2.3 Probable Maximum Flood 5-4 5.2.4 Summary of Adopted Design Hydrology 5-5 5.3 Design Hydraulic Model 5-5 5.4 Sensitivity Testing of Hydraulic Model 5-7 5.5 Accuracy of Hydraulic Model 5-8 5.6 Summary 5-9 6 EXISTING FLOOD DAMAGES ASSESSMENT 6-1 6.1 Background 6-1 6.2 Previous Investigations 6-2 6.3 Tangible Damages 6-2 6.3.1 Rural Damages 6-3 6.3.1.1 Damages Extent 6-3 6.3.1.2 Rural Landuse 6-3 6.3.1.3 Sugar Cane Growing 6-4 6.3.1.4 Beef Grazing 6-5 6.3.1.5 Summary - Rural Damages 6-5 G:\ADMIN\B13309.G.MAJ\R.B13309.002.01.VOL_1.DOC 13/6/03 09:06 OCEA NICS A USTRALIA CONTENTS IV 6.3.2 Urban Damages 6-7 6.3.2.1 Floor Levels 6-7 6.3.2.2 Stage-Damage Relationship 6-8 6.3.2.3 Damages 6-10 6.3.3 Infrastructure Damages 6-11 6.3.3.1 HSC 6-12 6.3.3.2 HRIT 6-12 6.3.3.3 Telstra 6-13 6.3.3.4 Ergon 6-13 6.3.3.5 DMR 6-13 6.3.3.6 CSR 6-14 6.3.3.7 Summary 6-14 6.4 Intangible Damages 6-15 6.5 Total Damages 6-15 7 ASSESSMENT OF HISTORICAL FLOODPLAIN WORKS 7-1 7.1 Background 7-1 7.2 Tyto Wetlands and Ingham Tip 7-1 7.3 Mombelli’s Levee 7-2 7.4 Floodplain Embankments and Levees 7-2 7.5 Summary 7-3 8 CATHERINA AND RIPPLE CREEK FLOODGATES 8-1 8.1 Operational Procedure 8-1 8.2 Hydraulic Efficiency 8-2 8.3 Mechanical Aspects of Floodgate Operations 8-3 8.3.1 Mechanical Considerations 8-4 8.3.1.1 Force Required to Open Existing Gates 8-4 8.3.1.2 Counterbalancing 8-4 8.3.1.3 Reeved Pulley System 8-6 8.3.2 Powered Operating Systems 8-7 8.3.2.1 Power Requirement 8-7 8.3.2.2 Options 8-7 8.3.2.3 Previous Electrically Powered System 8-7 8.3.2.4 Discussion 8-9 8.3.3 Summary of Mechanical Aspects 8-10 8.3.4 Cost Estimates for Remote Control Powered Gate Operation 8-11 8.3.4.1 System Parameters 8-11 G:\ADMIN\B13309.G.MAJ\R.B13309.002.01.VOL_1.DOC 13/6/03 09:06 OCEA NICS A USTRALIA CONTENTS V 8.3.4.2 Equipment Description and Cost Estimates 8-11 8.3.4.3 Further Option for Site Camera 8-12 8.3.4.4 Design and Supervision Costs 8-12 8.4 Flood Mitigation Benefits 8-12 8.5 Conclusion 8-12 9 SEDIMENT TRANSPORT ASSESSMENT 9-1 9.1 Background 9-1 9.2 General Considerations 9-1 9.3 Review of Historical Trends 9-2 9.3.1 Aerial Photography Assessment 9-2 9.3.2 Survey Cross-Section Assessment 9-2 9.3.3 Historical Reports 9-3 9.4 Assessment of Sediment Transport Regime 9-3 9.4.1 General Processes 9-3 9.4.2 Existing Information 9-4 9.4.3 Preliminary Calculation of Sediment Transport Rates 9-4 9.4.4 Discussion of Findings 9-6 9.5 Considerations for Extracting Options 9-6 9.6 Consideration of Downstream Shoaling Issues 9-7 9.7 Consideration of Management Measures 9-7 9.8 Conclusions 9-8 10 FLOOD MODIFICATION MEASURES 10-1 10.1 Assessment Process 10-1 10.2 Flood Modification Measures Considered 10-1 10.3 Preliminary Analysis 10-3 10.3.1 Methodology 10-3 10.3.1.1 Calculation of Impacts 10-3 10.3.1.2 Determination of Benefits 10-3 10.3.1.3 Determination of Costs 10-3 10.3.1.4 Explanation of Benefit-Cost Analysis and Present Worth of Benefits 10-4 10.3.1.5 Social and Environmental Issues 10-6 10.3.1.6 Unit Rate Costs of Works 10-7 10.3.2 River Dredging 10-9 10.3.2.1 Benefit Cost Analysis 10-9 10.3.2.2 Impacts of Dredging on Estuarine Ecology 10-10 10.3.2.3 Impacts of Material Placement at the Offshore Spoil Ground 10-11 G:\ADMIN\B13309.G.MAJ\R.B13309.002.01.VOL_1.DOC 13/6/03 09:06 OCEA NICS A USTRALIA CONTENTS VI 10.3.2.4 Approval Requirements 10-12 10.3.2.5 Summary 10-12 10.3.3 Washaway Diversion Channel 10-13 10.3.4 Ingham Levee 10-13 10.3.4.1 Option 1 10-13 10.3.4.2 Option 2 10-13 10.3.4.3 Summary 10-14 10.3.5 Small Township Levees 10-15 10.3.6 Levee Rationalisation 10-17 10.3.6.1 Five Year ARI River Levee 10-17 10.3.6.2 Three Year ARI Levee in Lower Reaches 10-17 10.3.6.3 Summary 10-17 10.3.7 Removal of Ripple and Catherina Creek Floodgates 10-17 10.4 Detailed Analysis 10-18 10.4.1 Kingsbury Creek Floodgate and Levee 10-18 10.4.1.1 Impacts on Flood Behaviour 10-18 10.4.1.2 Benefit-Cost Analysis 10-19 10.4.1.3 Environmental Considerations 10-20 10.4.1.4 Intangible Benefits 10-21 10.4.1.5 Summary 10-21 10.4.2 Halifax Levee 10-22 10.4.2.1 Impacts on Flood Behaviour 10-22 10.4.2.2 Benefit-Cost Analysis 10-23 10.4.2.3 Environmental
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