DOCSLIB.ORG

Allelopathic Effects on the Sun-Coral Invasion: Facilitation, Inhibition And

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Allelopathic Effects on the Sun-Coral Invasion: Facilitation, Inhibition And Mar Biol (2017) 164:139 DOI 10.1007/s00227-017-3164-3 ORIGINAL PAPER Allelopathic effects on the sun‑coral invasion: facilitation, inhibition and patterns of local biodiversity Damián Mizrahi1 · Suelen F. Pereira2 · Sergio A. Navarrete3,4 · Augusto A. V. Flores1 Received: 22 September 2016 / Accepted: 14 May 2017 © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2017 Abstract In spite of growing concerns about the invasion higher number of native species than anticipated and sug- of the sun-coral Tubastraea coccinea along the tropical gesting that local richness offers little resistance to inva- Southwestern Atlantic, the biological interactions mediating sion. Highest density of T. coccinea recruits observed on the this species’ establishment and spread are largely unknown. least bioactive encrusting corallines suggests this taxonomic Here, we identifed species associations with T. coccinea by group may constitute doorways to the establishment of this comparing community structure between invaded and non- coral. In contrast, feld patterns of sun-coral colonies and invaded areas at Búzios Island, SP, Brazil. We also investi- recruits, as well as laboratory trials, suggest that cnidarian- gated effects of chemical cues from representative benthic dominated habitats represent obstacles to the sun-coral inva- species on sun-coral larval performance in the laboratory sion. Thus, while areas dominated by the snowfake coral and quantifed the density of sun-coral recruits across dif- Carijoa riisei—which showed the greatest negative allelo- ferent microhabitats in the feld. Field surveys showed that pathic effect on T. coccinea—likely provide resistance to the invasion of the sun-coral is more intense at reef areas the invader spreading, areas covered by encrusting coralline of higher species richness and diversity, putting at risk a algae and ‘barren substrates’ probably facilitate its estab- lishment. Because these latter, less-structured microhabitats Responsible Editor: E. Briski. often prevail after disturbance, damage assessment follow- ing human-mediated impacts should include detection and Reviewed by A. B. Bugnot and an undisclosed expert. control of sun-coral populations. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s00227-017-3164-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. Introduction * Damián Mizrahi Reef habitats are generally inhabited by diverse communi- [email protected] ties of sessile invertebrates and macroalgae, usually cover- 1 Universidade de São Paulo, Centro de Biologia Marinha ing most of the available space (Witman et al. 2004; Linares (CEBIMar/USP), Rod. Manoel Hipólito do Rego, km 131.5, et al. 2012). In these environments, interspecifc interactions São Sebastião, SP 11600‑000, Brazil are expected to be strong and play a signifcant role on the 2 Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Biociências structure of benthic assemblages (Cornell and Lawton 1992; (IB/USP), Rua do Matão, Travessa 14, n. 321, Cidade Witman et al. 2004). Under these circumstances, theory pre- Universitária, São Paulo, SP 05508‑090, Brazil dicts that the chances for the successful establishment of 3 Estación Costera de Investigaciones Marinas, Las Cruces, exotic species would be facilitated by positive interactions Center for Marine Conservation, LincGlobal, Pontifcia (e.g. species that facilitate larval settlement) and curtailed by Universidad Católica de Chile, Casilla 114‑D, Santiago, Chile intense local negative interactions, especially when species diversity is high (Elton 1958; Stachowicz et al. 1999; Frid- 4 Departamento de Ecología, Center for Applied Ecology and Sustainability (CAPES), Pontifcia Universidad Católica ley et al. 2007). Therefore, species successfully invading de Chile, Casilla 114‑D, Santiago, Chile diverse shallow reef habitats are expected to be either strong 1 3 139 Page 2 of 15 Mar Biol (2017) 164:139 competitors or good colonizers, making an effcient use of critical processes in the establishment of many coral spe- resources not fully exploited by native assemblages and to cies (Doropoulos et al. 2015). Successful settlement is be resistant (or resilient) to predation and other sources of expected to occur over benthic substrates of comparatively mortality. The sun-coral, Tubastraea coccinea, is likely one low structural complexity, where colonies can grow fast to a of such species, having remarkably colonized and expanded size at which they are less vulnerable to predators and over- over a variety of shallow hard-bottom habitats along most growing. Patches of bare rock, encrusting algae and dead of the tropical coasts (reviewed in De Paula 2007), although coral skeletons are usually important settlement substrates its original distribution range was restricted to the Pacifc (Heyward and Negri 1999; Edmunds 2000), probably and Indian Oceans (Cairns 2000). Along the Brazilian coast, because bioflm coating on these otherwise inert substrates this invasive species has been recorded on natural substrates provide strong settlement cues for planula larvae (Morse from Santa Catarina to Bahia (Castro and Pires 2001; Man- and Morse 1984; Hadfeld and Paul 2001). Bioflm settle- telatto et al. 2011; Sampaio et al. 2012). The possibility of ment-inducing substances are composed mostly of small occasional long-distance dispersal through polyp clustering peptides, soluble proteins and carbohydrates, which are (Mizrahi et al. 2014a) and the transportation by sea of sun- highly soluble in seawater and can be detected at distance coral fouled man-made structures (Creed et al. 2017) have by competent larvae of many invertebrate groups (Zimmer- probably enhanced connectivity among invaded areas, while Faust and Tamburri 1994). Substrate searching behaviors the apparent unpalatability to local predators (Moreira and are typically triggered upon detection of these substances Creed 2012) may have favored the persistence of sun-coral (Whittaker and Feeny 1971), ultimately facilitating settle- in colonized areas. Compared to processes that help spread ment and the establishment of developing coral colonies. the sun corals, the local mechanisms that may enhance suc- In contrast, other reef biogenic habitats are predictably cessful colonization or otherwise restrain the establishment unfavorable. For instance, turf or erect macroalgal patches and development of sun-coral colonies at recently invaded are generally inadequate for settlement because they may sites have received much less attention. Interspecifc compe- not provide stable substrates and often retain large quan- tition can be important, to some extent, since recent studies tities of sediments that might clog coral polyps (Hodgson have shown that sun-coral colonies may be overgrown by 1990; Babcock and Davies 1991). Similarly, small polyps sponges (Meurer et al. 2010; Lages et al. 2012) and possibly recruiting near rapidly growing algae, ascidians, bryozoans removed by nesting pomacentrid fsh (Mizrahi et al. 2016). and sponges face a high risk of dislodgment or overgrowth During early ontogenesis, from settling larvae to small (Bruno and Witman 1996; Lapointe et al. 2007). Coral few-polyp colonies, exposure to metabolites released by planulae may be able to detect chemical cues signaling a wide array of benthic organisms may play a particularly the presence of such adverse substrates and actively avoid important role, but the relevance of this sort of interactions them, therefore inhibiting settlement. Moreover, several remains largely unknown. sessile invertebrates and macroalgae can produce bioactive Mizrahi et al. (2014b) undertook laboratory experi- substances that might impair approaching larvae in many ments showing that positive buoyancy combined to active ways (Whittaker and Feeny 1971; Dworjanyn 2001). These habitat selection promotes higher sun-coral settlement rates are usually non-polar compounds of varying toxicity, such on undersurface habitat (i.e. negatively oriented). These as furanones and terpenoids, located over the surface of the laboratory results were consistent with sun-coral distribu- organisms producing them (De Nys et al. 1995; Dworjanyn tion patterns at shallow reefs in Búzios Island, SP, Brazil. 2001). These substances are candidate inhibitors of sun- Given this pattern, the impact of T. coccinea is expected to coral larval settlement. more directly affect assemblages of sessile invertebrates In this study we combined feld and laboratory obser- and macroalgae developing on reef walls and overhang sur- vations and experiments to improve our understanding of faces. Bare space in those substrate orientations is scant at interspecifc interactions mediating the sun-coral inva- Búzios Island and at most shallow rocky reefs in the region. sion at Búzios Island, SP, Brazil. In this island, Tubast- Thus, the establishment and expansion of sun-coral colo- raea coccinea was frst observed in 2008 (Mantelatto nies should largely depend on the occurrence of biogenic et al. 2011) and colonization is still an ongoing process, substrates that either inhibit or facilitate larval settlement with both the scale of invaded areas and overall density and subsequent growth of colonies. Identifying these ben- of coral colonies still much lower than what is presently thic organisms may allow more accurate risk assessments verifed at other places, such as Ilha Grande, RJ, where at areas still not invaded and assist conservation efforts to the frst records of this species date back to the late 80s protect
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Change in Tropical Rocky Shore Communities Due to an Alien Coral Invasion
    Vol. 438: 85–96, 2011 MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES Published October 5 doi: 10.3354/meps09290 Mar Ecol Prog Ser Change in tropical rocky shore communities due to an alien coral invasion B. G. Lages1, B. G. Fleury2, C. Menegola3, J. C. Creed2,* 1Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Evolução and 2Departamento de Ecologia, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcântara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro — UERJ, CEP 20559-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil 3Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, CEP 40170-290 Salvador, BA, Brasil ABSTRACT: To determine how benthic, tropical, rocky shore communities were affected by the invasive coral species Tubastraea coccinea and T. tagusensis, 8 sites were studied during 2 yr on rocky shores in the southwest Atlantic Ocean (Brazil) by using both fixed and random sampling techniques. Overall, mean cover of T. tagusensis was 0.7% and T. coccinea was 0.4%, (the eleventh and sixteenth most abundant taxa, respectively, throughout the sites). Forty-two major space occupying taxa were registered. In fixed quadrats there was a 76.6% increase per year in density of Tubastraea spp. over the study period. For percent cover no significant difference in cover over time was detected for T. coccinea, but for T. tagusensis and overall (both species) cover increased significantly. The random quadrats data showed subtle differences from the fixed quadrats. There was an increase in density of Tubastraea spp. through time (67.8% per year over the study period). In random samples the density of T. coccinea increased during the study but that of T.
    [Show full text]
  • New Records of Commercially Valuable Black Corals (Cnidaria: Antipatharia) from the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands at Mesophotic Depths1
    New Records of Commercially Valuable Black Corals (Cnidaria: Antipatharia) from the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands at Mesophotic Depths1 Daniel Wagner,2,8 Yannis P. Papastamatiou,3 Randall K. Kosaki,4 Kelly A. Gleason,4 Greg B. McFall,5 Raymond C. Boland,6 Richard L. Pyle,7 and Robert J. Toonen2 Abstract: Mesophotic coral reef ecosystems are notoriously undersurveyed worldwide and particularly in remote locations like the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands ( NWHI). A total of 37 mixed­gas technical dives were performed to depths of 80 m across the NWHI to survey for the presence of the invasive oc­ tocoral Carijoa sp., the invasive red alga Acanthophora spicifera, and conspicuous megabenthic fauna such as black corals. The two invasive species were not re­ corded from any of the surveys, but two commercially valuable black coral spe­ cies, Antipathes griggi and Myriopathes ulex, were found, representing substantial range expansions for these species. Antipathes griggi was recorded from the is­ lands of Necker and Laysan in 58 – 70 m, and Myriopathes ulex was recorded from Necker Island and Pearl and Hermes Atoll in 58 – 70 m. Despite over 30 yr of research in the NWHI, these black coral species had remained undetected. The new records of these conspicuous marine species highlight the utility of deep­ diving technologies in surveying the largest part of the depth range of coral reef ecosystems (40 – 150 m), which remains largely unexplored. The Papahänaumokuäkea Marine Na­ western Hawaiian Islands ( NWHI) repre­ tional Monument surrounding the North­ sents the largest marine protected area under U.S. jurisdiction, encompassing over 351,000 km2 and spanning close to 2,000 km from 1 This work was funded in part by the Western Pa­ Nïhoa Island to Kure Atoll.
    [Show full text]
  • Carijoa Riisei Fact Sheet
    Habitat C. riisei, is typically found in a wide variety Carijoa of habitats that provide shade, but in deeper water (>60 m) is uninhibited by light and can be found on exposed hard substrate. riisei Habitats which provide shade include ledges, under large coral heads, crevices, edges of boulders, lava tubes and sunken Identification ships. Below 60 m C. riisei proliferates on C. riisei is an octocoral which forms erect, exposed, hard substrata (Kahng et al. 2006). branching colonies with conspicuous white Areas consistently ventilated by current flow polyps. or wave surge, but away from areas subject to excessive sediment scour are preferred (Kahng et al. 2006). For example, C. riisei is common at the edge, or on exposed Description boulders and rugose features along the top Colonies form dense clusters of tangled, of steep carbonate slopes that surround branched stems with large, prominent, white insular shelves. These deep submerged polyps. Stems tipped with white single habitats are exposed to strong tidal currents polyps; below, secondary polyps grow in (Kahng et al. 2006). pairs or groups of three at about same level. White to pale pink stalks have Impact eight longitudinal grooves. Polyps usually extended. Stems often encrusted and or Under favorable conditions C. riisei forms overgrown with algae, sponge and other dense, monospecific aggregations capable organisms. [Excerpted from Humann and of carpeting hard substrata. C. riisei Deloach] appears to exclude virtually all sessile, benthic megafauna via preemptive space competition and direct overgrowth. Among deep reefs C. riisei has been observed Cohabitants between 60-115 m commonly growing on Several skiophilous (shade loving), sessile black corals – both live colonies and dead benthic invertebrates including the colonial black coral skeletons and dominating several cup coral Tubastrea coccinea, the solitary areas of hard, rugose substrata [Excerpts cup coral Cladopsammia eguchii, the lace from Kahng et al.
    [Show full text]
  • III. Black Coral Fishery Management
    An Update on Recent Research and Management of Hawaiian Black Corals Chapter 6 in The State of Deep‐Sea Coral and Sponge Ecosystems of the United States Report Recommended citation: Wagner D, Opresko DM, Montgomery AD, Parrish FA (2017) An Update on Recent Research and Management of Hawaiian Black Corals. In: Hourigan TF, Etnoyer, PJ, Cairns, SD (eds.). The State of Deep‐Sea Coral and Sponge Ecosystems of the United States. NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS‐OHC‐4, Silver Spring, MD. 44 p. Available online: http://deepseacoraldata.noaa.gov/library. Black coral Bathypathes on a rocky ridge crest of Johnston Atoll. Courtesy of the NOAA Office of Ocean Exploration and Research. RECENT RESEARCH & MANAGEMENT OF HAWAIIAN BLACK CORALS • • • AN UPDATE ON RECENT RESEARCH AND MANAGEMENT Daniel Wagner1*, Dennis M. OF HAWAIIAN Opresko2, Anthony D. Montgomery3, BLACK CORALS and Frank A. Parrish4 • • • 1 NOAA Papahānaumokuākea I. Introduction Marine National Monument Antipatharians, commonly known as black corals, are a Honolulu, HI little studied order of anthozoan hexacorals that currently encompasses over 235 described species (Cairns 2007, Daly (current affiliation: JHT, Inc., et al. 2007, Bo 2008). Black corals occur worldwide in all NOAA National Centers of oceans from polar to tropical regions, and have a wide Coastal Ocean Science depth distribution ranging from 2-8,600 m (reviewed by Charleston, SC) Wagner et al. 2012a). Despite this wide bathymetric range, * Corresponding Author: black corals are primarily found in deeper waters below [email protected] the photic zone, with over 75% of known species occurring exclusively below 50 m (Cairns 2007). At these depths, 2 National Museum of antipatharians are often abundant and dominant faunal Natural History, Smithsonian components, and create habitat for a myriad of associated Institution, Washington DC organisms (reviewed by Wagner et al.
    [Show full text]
  • Carijoa Riisei) in the Tropical Eastern Pacific, Colombia
    The invasive snowflake coral (Carijoa riisei) in the Tropical Eastern Pacific, Colombia Juan Armando Sánchez1 & Diana Ballesteros1,2 1. Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas-Facultad de Ciencias, Laboratorio de Biología Molecular Marina (BIOMMAR), Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia; [email protected] 2. BEM. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras, Invemar, Santa Marta, Colombia; [email protected] Recibido 18-X-2013. Corregido 20-XI-2013. Aceptado 19-XII-2013. Abstract: Carijoa riisei (Octocorallia: Cnidaria), a western Atlantic species, has been reported in the Pacific as an invasive species for nearly forty years. C. riisei has been recently observed overgrowing native octocorals at several rocky-coral littorals in the Colombian Tropical Eastern Pacific-(TEP). C. riisei has inhabited these reefs for at least 15 years but the aggressive overgrowth on other octocorals have been noted until recently. Here, we surveyed for the first time the distribution and inter-specific aggression by C. riisei in both coastal and oceanic areas colonized in the Colombian TEP (Malpelo, Gorgona and Cabo Corrientes), including preliminary mul- tiyear surveys during 2007-2013. We observed community-wide octocoral mortalities (including local extinc- tion of some Muricea spp.) and a steady occurrence of competing and overgrowing Pacifigorgia seafans and Leptogorgia seawhips. In Gorgona Island, at two different sites, over 87% (n=77 tagged colonies) of octocorals (Pacifigorgia spp. and Leptogorgia alba) died as a result of C. riisei interaction and/or overgrowth between 2011 and 2013. C. riisei overgrows octocorals with an estimate at linear growth rate of about 1cm m-1. The aggressive overgrowth of this species in TEP deserves more attention and regular monitoring programs.
    [Show full text]
  • Assessment of Species Composition, Diversity and Biomass in Marine Habitats and Subhabitats Around Offshore Islets in the Main Hawaiian Islands
    ASSESSMENT OF SPECIES COMPOSITION, DIVERSITY AND BIOMASS IN MARINE HABITATS AND SUBHABITATS AROUND OFFSHORE ISLETS IN THE MAIN HAWAIIAN ISLANDS January 2008 COVER Colony of Pocillopora eydouxi ca. 2 m in longer diameter, photographed at 9 m depth on 30-Aug- 07 outside of Kāpapa Islet, O‘ahu. ASSESSMENT OF SPECIES COMPOSITION, DIVERSITY AND BIOMASS IN MARINE HABITATS AND SUBHABITATS AROUND OFFSHORE ISLETS IN THE MAIN HAWAIIAN ISLANDS Final report prepared for the Hawai‘i Coral Reef Initiative and the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation S. L. Coles Louise Giuseffi Melanie Hutchinson Bishop Museum Hawai‘i Biological Survey Bishop Museum Technical Report No 39 Honolulu, Hawai‘i January 2008 Published by Bishop Museum Press 1525 Bernice Street Honolulu, Hawai‘i Copyright © 2008 Bishop Museum All Rights Reserved Printed in the United States of America ISSN 1085-455X Contribution No. 2008-001 to the Hawaii Biological Survey EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The marine algae, invertebrate and fish communities were surveyed at ten islet or offshore island sites in the Main Hawaiian Islands in the vicinity of Lāna‘i (Pu‘u Pehe and Po‘o Po‘o Islets), Maui (Kaemi and Hulu Islets and the outer rim of Molokini), off Kaulapapa National Historic Park on Moloka‘i (Mōkapu, ‘Ōkala and Nāmoku Islets) and O‘ahu (Kāohikaipu Islet and outside Kāpapa Island) in 2007. Survey protocol at all sites consisted of an initial reconnaissance survey on which all algae, invertebrates and fishes that could be identified on site were listed and or photographed and collections of algae and invertebrates were collected for later laboratory identification.
    [Show full text]
  • REEF ENCOUNTER the News Journal of the International Society for Reef Studies ISRS Information
    Volume 31, No. 1 April 2016 Number 43 RREEEEFF EENNCCOOUUNNTTEERR ICRS 13, Honolulu, Hawaii - Society Awards & Honors COP21 - Global Coral Bleaching – Modelling – 3D Printing Deep Reef Surveys – Coral Settlement Devices – Sargassum Lophelia Sediment Removal- Caribbean Reefs at Risk The News Journal of the International Society for Reef Studies ISSN 0225-27987 REEF ENCOUNTER The News Journal of the International Society for Reef Studies ISRS Information REEF ENCOUNTER Reef Encounter is the Newsletter and Magazine Style Journal of the International Society for Reef Studies. It was first published in 1983. Following a short break in production it was re-launched in electronic (pdf) form. Contributions are welcome, especially from members. Please submit items directly to the relevant editor (see the back cover for author’s instructions). Coordinating Editor Rupert Ormond (email: [email protected]) Deputy Editor Caroline Rogers (email: [email protected]) Editor Reef Perspectives (Scientific Opinions) Rupert Ormond (email: [email protected]) Editor Reef Currents (General Articles) Caroline Rogers (email: [email protected]) Editors Reef Edge (Scientific Letters) Dennis Hubbard (email: [email protected]) Alastair Harborne (email: [email protected]) Edwin Hernandez-Delgado (email: [email protected]) Nicolas Pascal (email: [email protected]) Editor News & Announcements Sue Wells (email: [email protected]) Editor Book & Product Reviews Walt Jaap (email: [email protected]) INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR REEF STUDIES The International Society for Reef Studies was founded in 1980 at a meeting in Cambridge, UK. Its aim under the constitution is to promote, for the benefit of the public, the production and dissemination of scientific knowledge and understanding concerning coral reefs, both living and fossil.
    [Show full text]
  • O OCTOCORAL Carijoa Riisei (DUCHASSAING & MICHELOTTI, 1860) COMO SUBSTRATO BIOGÊNICO NO LITORAL PERNAMBUCANO ATRAVÉS DA AN
    UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE PERNAMBUCO CENTRO ACADÊMICO DE VITÓRIA PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM SAÚDE HUMANA E MEIO AMBIENTE - PPGSHMA Débora Cavalcanti da Costa O OCTOCORAL Carijoa riisei (DUCHASSAING & MICHELOTTI, 1860) COMO SUBSTRATO BIOGÊNICO NO LITORAL PERNAMBUCANO ATRAVÉS DA ANÁLISE DA CARCINOFAUNA ASSOCIADA Vitória de Santo Antão 2013 ii Débora Cavalcanti da Costa O OCTOCORAL Carijoa riisei (DUCHASSAING & MICHELOTTI, 1860) COMO SUBSTRATO BIOGÊNICO NO LITORAL PERNAMBUCANO ATRAVÉS DA ANÁLISE DA CARCINOFAUNA ASSOCIADA Dissertação apresentada ao Programa de Pós- Graduação em Saúde Humana e Meio Ambiente da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco como requisito para obtenção do título de Mestre em Saúde Humana e Meio Ambiente . Área de Concentração: Saúde e Ambiente. Orientador: Prof. Dr. Carlos Daniel Pérez Coorientador: Prof. Dr. Jesser Fidelis de Souza -Filho Vitória de Santo Antão 2013 iii Catalogação na Fonte Sistema de Bibliotecas da UFPE. Biblioteca Setorial do CAV. Bibliotecária Ana Ligia Feliciano dos Santos, CRB4: 2005 C837o Costa, Débora Cavalcanti da. O octocoral carijoa riisei (duchassaing & michelotti, 1860) como substrato biogênico no litoral pernambucano através da análise da carcinofauna associada./ Débora Cavalcanti da Costa. Vitória de Santo Antão: O Autor, 2014. xii, 45 folhas: il.; tab., graf. Orientador: Carlos Daniel Pérez. Coorientador: Jesser Fidelis de Souza-Filho. Dissertação (Mestrado em Saúde Humana e Meio Ambiente) – Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, CAV, Saúde Humana e Meio Ambiente, 2014. Inclui bibliografia. 1. Antozoários. 2. Anfípodes. 3. Carcinofauna associada. I. Pérez, Carlos Daniel (Orientador). II. Souza-Filho, Jesser Fidelis de (Coorientador). III. Título. 593.6 CDD (23.ed.) BIBCAV/UFPE-007/2014 iv v Dedico este trabalho ao meu filho Ariel, ainda a caminho, a Igor, aos meus pais e irmão.
    [Show full text]
  • Assessing Marine Bioinvasions in the Galápagos Islands: Implications for Conservation Biology and Marine Protected Areas
    Aquatic Invasions (2019) Volume 14, Issue 1: 1–20 Special Issue: Marine Bioinvasions of the Galapagos Islands Guest editors: Amy E. Fowler and James T. Carlton CORRECTED PROOF Research Article Assessing marine bioinvasions in the Galápagos Islands: implications for conservation biology and marine protected areas James T. Carlton1,*, Inti Keith2,* and Gregory M. Ruiz3 1Williams College – Mystic Seaport Maritime Studies Program, 75 Greenmanville Ave., Mystic, Connecticut 96355, USA 2Charles Darwin Research Station, Marine Science Department, Puerto Ayora, Santa Cruz Island, Galápagos, Ecuador 3Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, Edgewater, Maryland 21037, USA Author e-mails: [email protected] (JTC), [email protected] (IK), [email protected] (GMR) *Corresponding author Co-Editors’ Note: This is one of the papers from the special issue of Aquatic Abstract Invasions on marine bioinvasions of the Galápagos Islands, a research program The Galápagos Islands are recognized for their unique biota and are one of the launched in 2015 and led by scientists world’s largest marine protected areas. While invasions by non-indigenous species from the Smithsonian Environmental are common and recognized as a significant conservation threat in terrestrial Research Center, Williams College, and habitats of the Archipelago, little is known about the magnitude of invasions in its the Charles Darwin Research Station of the Charles Darwin Foundation. This coastal marine waters. Based upon recent field surveys, available literature, and Special Issue was supported by generous analysis of the biogeographic status of previously reported taxa, we report 53 non- funding from the Galápagos Conservancy. indigenous species of marine invertebrates in the Galápagos Islands.
    [Show full text]
  • Temperature Related Depth Limits of Warm-Water Corals
    Proceedings of the 12th International Coral Reef Symposium, Cairns, Australia, 9-13 July 2012 9C Ecology of mesophotic coral reefs Temperature related depth limits of warm-water corals Sam Kahng1, Daniel Wagner2, Coulson Lantz1, Oliver Vetter3, Jamison Gove3, Mark Merrifield4 1Hawai‘i Pacific University, 41-202 Kalaniana‘ole Highway, Waimanalo, HI 96795 2Papahānaumokuākea Marine National Monument, 6600 Kalaniana‘ole Highway, Honolulu, HI 96825 3NOAA NMFS Coral Reef Ecosystem Division, 1125B Ala Moana Boulevard, Honolulu, HI 96814 4University of Hawai‘i at Mānoa, Department of Oceanography, 1000 Pope Road, Honolulu, HI 96822 Corresponding author: [email protected] Abstract. While biogeographical limits of tropical fauna have been studied with increasing latitude, little is known about their lower depth distributions. For non-photosynthetic, warm-water fauna, decreasing temperature with increasing depth eventually limits their depth distribution. However, the nature of this lower thermal threshold, which has habitat management implications, has not been studied to date. In the Au’au Channel, Hawai’i, the temperature regime along a depth gradient near previously identified lower depths limits for warm- water azooxanthellate corals was characterized to determine whether the lower depths limits were consistent with acute stress causing colony mortality or chronic stress inhibiting growth, reproduction, and/or larval settlement. Data suggests that lower depth limits are associated with a minimum required exposure (e.g., 5-7 months) to water >22°C. This lower depth limit appears to be decoupled from the lower temperature limits of colony survival. Key words: temperature stress; coral biogeography; mesophotic coral ecosystems. Introduction gradual decrease to abyssal depths. For ectothermic Mesophotic coral reef ecosystems (MCE) are warm- tropical organisms, exposure to low temperatures has water coral reef ecosystems found below the depth been shown to limit their geographic distribution at limits of traditional SCUBA diving (~40 m) and high latitudes (Pörtner 2010).
    [Show full text]
  • Tubastraea Coccinea Lesson, 1829 in Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India
    Indian Journal of Geo Marine Sciences Vol. 47 (11), November 2018, pp. 2241-2247 Report on status of invasive Tubastraea coccinea Lesson, 1829 in Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India Tamal Mondal1*, C. Raghunathan1,2&Kailash Chandra2 1Zoological Survey of India, Andaman and Nicobar Regional Centre, Port Blair-744 102, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India 2Zoological Survey of India, M-Block, New Alipore, Kolkata-700 053, West Bengal, India *[Email: [email protected]] Received 25 April 2017; revised 24 July 2017 The quantum of ecological effects caused by aggregation of Tubastraea coccinea Lesson, 1829 was reported and proved as invader for the native species. T. coccineais reported from several areas of Andaman and Nicobar Islands during this present study. Present paper deals with the elaborately executed status survey of T. coccinea in Andaman and Nicobar Islands. [Key words: Tubastraea coccinea Lesson, 1829, Invader, Andaman and Nicobar Islands] Introduction including three species as invasive while two Andaman and Nicobar Islands (geographical species are partially invasive in nature from Nordic distributional range between- Lat. 06 to 14°N and region13. The species under the genus Cassiopea Long. 92 to 94°E) are enriched with diversified are frequently reported as invasive species hermatypic and ahermatypic scleractinian corals worldwide14, 15. In 2015, Aequorea macrodactyla was mostly as fringing type of reefs along the coastal areas recorded as invasive species from Mediterranean of mostly shallow continental shelf region. Studies of Sea16. Tubastraea tagusensis is a native to the coastal and marine faunal communities in the Galapagos Archipelago while it is considered as Andaman and Nicobar Islands as well as north-east invasive species in the Brazilian coast11.
    [Show full text]
  • Community Structure of Shallow Water Alcyonacea (Anthozoa: Octocorallia) from the Southern Tropical Eastern Pacific
    Ecol Res DOI 10.1007/s11284-018-1567-3 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Sascha C. C. Steiner • Bernhard Riegl Antonella Lavorato • Jenny Rodrı´guez Community structure of shallow water Alcyonacea (Anthozoa: Octocorallia) from the southern Tropical Eastern Pacific Received: 11 September 2017 / Accepted: 28 December 2017 Ó The Ecological Society of Japan 2018 Abstract Alcyonacea are sessile invertebrates, which can the eurytopic and stenoecious distribution traits among significantly shape the boundary layer in coral reefs and some species are discussed. The invasive Carijoa riisei rocky habitats. Ecological aspects in this taxon have was confirmed as biological thereat to other Alcyonacea, been well studied in the Caribbean, Mediterranean, and and possible physiological distribution limitations are Indo-Pacific. With few recent exceptions, studies in the indicated. Eastern Pacific focused on taxonomy. We present a quantitative assessment of Alcyonacea communities Keywords Alcyonacea Æ Community structure Æ from the southern Tropical Eastern Pacific, based on Eastern Pacific Æ Equatorial Front Æ Keystone species video transects in the Marine Reserve El Pelado. Seventeen species from the Plexauridae (8), Gorgoniidea (8), and Clavularidae (1) were identified, comprising Introduction 6963 colonies dominated by Muricea (86.7%), particu- larly M. plantaginea (48.6%). The overwhelming domi- Tropical shallow water Alcyonacea (soft corals and sea nance of M. plantaginea was the most striking and fans) are among the characteristic sessile and colonial previously unreported community trait, which con- faunal components of rocky habitats and coral reefs. tributed to a moderate Shannon entropy (n = 31, H Erect growth forms compartmentalize the benthic mean 1.40, SD 0.22), equitability (n = 31, HE mean boundary layer by creating structural heterogeneity in 0.16, SD 0.4), and species diversity expressed as effective the form of micro habitats and nurseries for other number of species (n = 31, mean 4.16, SD 0.87).
    [Show full text]