UNIMARC to MARC 21 Conversion Specifications (Library of Congress)
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How Exchange Rates Affect Agricultural Markets
How Exchange Rates Affect Agricultural Markets Introduction The exchange rate between two currencies specifies how much one currency is worth in terms of the other. The Canadian exchange rate impacts the competitiveness of the agriculture sector by affecting prices of agriculture products and inputs and, therefore, farms’ profits. This module provides an overview of what is an exchange rate, what factors determine the exchange rate, the effects of changes in exchange rates on agricultural markets, and how to manage the risk of currency exchange fluctuation. Although the major market for currency in the world is FOREX, other markets like CME (Chicago Mercantile Exchange) or CBOE (Chicago Board Options Exchange) offer currency exchange rate products. The currency abbreviation or currency symbol for the Canadian dollar is CAD and for the US dollar is USD. In this article, C$ and US$ represent the Canadian and the US dollar respectively, with the dollar sign. What is the Exchange Rate? The exchange rate is the rate in which one currency of one country is valued relative to the currency of another country. There are two ways to express exchange rates: • The number of units of foreign currency necessary to purchase one unit of domestic currency. For example, an exchange rate of 0.9312 means US$ 0.9312 would be needed to purchase one Canadian dollar. or • The number of units of domestic currency necessary to purchase one unit of foreign currency. For example, the 0.9312 rate could also be expressed as requiring C$1.0739 to buy one US dollar. In other words, $0.9312 is really 1/1.0739 and 1.0739 is really 1/0.9312. -
I Or Do Ars: Effects of Menu-Price Formats on Restaurant Checks
The Center for HospitalityResearch Hospitality Leadership Through Learning I or Do ars: Effects of Menu-priceFormats on Restaurant Checks Cornell Hospitality Report Vol. 9, No. 8, May 2009 by SybilS. Yang, Sheryl E. Kimes, Ph.D., and Mauro M. Sessarego UN( oi R [IIIIIII ~r' • :11: • • • • • • • Advisory Board Scott Berman, U.S. Advisory Leader, Hospitality and Leisure Consulting Group of PricewaterhouseCoopers Raymond Bickson, Managing Director and Chief Executive Officer, Taj Group of Hotels, Resorts, and Palaces Stephen C. Brandman, Co-Owner, Thompson Hotels, Inc. Raj Chandnani, Vice President, Director of Strategy, WATG Benjamin J. "Patrick" Denihan, CEO, Denihan Hospitality Group Michael S. Egan, Chairman and Founder,job.travel Joel M. Eisemann, Executive Vice President, Owner and Franchise Services,Marriott International, Inc. Kurt Ekert, Chief Operating Officer,GTA by Travelport Brian Ferguson, Vice President, Supply Strategy and Analysis, Expedia North America I r Kevin Fitzpatrick, President, AIG Global Real Estate Investment Corp. Gregg Gilrna, Partner, Co-Chair, Employment Practices, Davis R Gilbert LLP The Robert A. and JanM. Beck Center at Cornell University Backcover photo by permission of The Cornellian and Jeff Wang. Susan Helstab, EVP Corporate Marketing, Four Seasons Hotels and Resorts Jeffrey A. Horwitz, Partner, Corporate Department, Co-Head, Lodgiing and Gaming, Proskauer Rose LLP Kenneth Kahn, President/Owner, LRP Publications Paul Kanavos, Founding Partner, Chairman, and CEO,FX Real Estate and Entertainment Kirk Kinsell, President of Europe, Middle East, and Africa, Cornell Hospitality Report, InterContinental Hotels Group Volume 9, No. 8 (May 2009) Nancy Knipp, President and Managing Director, Single copy price US$50 American Airlines Admirals Club © 2009 Cornell University Gerald Lawless, Executive Chairman, Jumeirah Group Mark V. -
National Bibliography in Brazil and Sri Lanka in Electronic Age: a Comparative Study
Qualitative and Quantitative Methods in Libraries (QQML) 6: 217-227, 2017 National Bibliography in Brazil and Sri Lanka in Electronic Age: a comparative study Eduardo Alentejo1, T. Ramanan2 ¹ Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, ² Eastern University, Sri Lanka Abstract: It treats about current and general national bibliography in Brazil and Sri Lanka. It compares both national bibliography due to IFLA guidelines to answer: how the Brazil and Sri Lanka National Bibliographies are organized? This qualitative research is based on the International and Comparative Librarianship approach. From IFLA Guidelines, we identified six dimensions to compare similarities and differences between the National Bibliographies. Brazilian National Bibliography is provided through the current National Library's OPAC and Sri Lanka produces monthly its own national publishing. Since the obligation of legal deposit and the task of bibliographic record, both National Bibliographies provide social benefits such as national safeguard. Keywords: Brazil National Bibliography. Sri Lanka National Bibliography. National Bibliography in Digital Age. IFLA ICNBS Guidelines. Comparative Librarianship. 1. Introduction This text reports a comparative study between Brazil and Sri Lanka National Bibliographies. Since the bibliography theory was developed in the 50s by Margaret Egan and Jesse Shera, it is known that all types of bibliographies are products of social contexts that have created them and engines of social interaction in several knowledge communities (Weldon 2013). The bibliographic work is a social creation and a single bibliography has a collective purpose (Weldon 2013). As Bell (1998, pg. 29) explains: “a current national bibliography is a mirror that reflects the culture of a country. By looking at the current national bibliography one is able to learn about the uniqueness of a country". -
The Canadian Style – a Guide to Writing Numbers
The Canadian Style – A Guide to Writing Numbers 5.01 Introduction Numerical information should be conveyed in such a way as to be understood quickly, easily and without ambiguity. For this reason, numerals are preferred to spelled-out forms in technical writing. Except in certain adjectival expressions (see 5.05 Adjectival expressions and juxtaposed numbers) and in technical writing, write out one-digit numbers and use numerals for the rest. Ordinals should be treated in the same way as cardinal numbers, e.g. seven and seventh, 101 and 101st. Many other factors enter into the decision whether to write numbers out or to express them in numerals. This chapter discusses the most important of these and presents some of the conventions governing the use of special signs and symbols with numerals. The rules stated should, in most cases, be regarded as guidelines for general use that may be superseded by the requirements of particular applications. 5.02 Round numbers Write out numbers used figuratively: a thousand and one excuses They may attack me with an army of six hundred syllogisms. —Erasmus And torture one poor word ten thousand ways. —Dryden Numbers in the millions or higher should be written as a combination of words and figures: 23 million 3.1 million There were more than 2.5 million Canadians between the ages of 30 and 40 in 1971. When such compound numbers are used adjectivally, insert hyphens between the components (see 5.05 Adjectival expressions and juxtaposed numbers): a 1.7-million increase in population Whether or not it is used adjectivally, the entire number (numeral and word) should appear on the same line. -
2004 = Bibliographie Nationale De Maurice 2004
NATIONAL BIBLIOGRAPHY OF MAURITIUS 2004 = BIBLIOGRAPHIE NATIONALE DE MAURICE 2004 NATIONAL BIBLIOGRAPHY OF MAURITIUS 2004 BIBLIOGRAPHIE NATIONALE DE MAURICE 2004 EDITED BY Yves Chan Kam Lon NATIONAL LIBRARY Republic of Mauritius Port-Louis 2007 1 NATIONAL BIBLIOGRAPHY OF MAURITIUS 2004 = BIBLIOGRAPHIE NATIONALE DE MAURICE 2004 Published by National Library, c2007 1st & 2nd Floors, Fon Sing Building, 12, Edith Cavell Street, Port-Louis Copyright 2007 National Library All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any terms, without written permission from the publisher National Library (Republic of Mauritius) Cataloguing-in-Publication Data National bibliography of Mauritius 2004 = Bibliographie nationale de Maurice 2004 / edited by Yves Chan Kam Lon .– Port-Louis : National Library, c2007. p. ; cm Includes indexes ISBN 1. Bibliography, National (Mauritius) 2. National libraries (Mauritius) I. Chan Kam Lon, Yves (ed.) 015'.6982 dc-22 ISBN 2 NATIONAL BIBLIOGRAPHY OF MAURITIUS 2004 = BIBLIOGRAPHIE NATIONALE DE MAURICE 2004 Contents Acknowledgements Introduction 000 – 099 : Generalities 100 – 199 : Philosophy & psychology 200 – 299 : Religion 300 – 399 : Social sciences 400 – 499 : Language 500 – 599 : Science 600 – 699 : Technology 700 – 799 : Arts & recreation 800 – 899 : Literature 900 – 999 : History & geography List of Newspapers Author Index Title Index Subject Index 3 NATIONAL BIBLIOGRAPHY OF MAURITIUS 2004 = BIBLIOGRAPHIE NATIONALE DE MAURICE 2004 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS -
Exorbitant Privilege: the Rise and Fall of the Dollar Free
FREE EXORBITANT PRIVILEGE: THE RISE AND FALL OF THE DOLLAR PDF Barry Eichengreen | 222 pages | 01 Jun 2011 | Oxford University Press | 9780199596713 | English | Oxford, United Kingdom EconPapers: Exorbitant Privilege: The Rise and Fall of the Dollar Barry Eichengreen, Exorbitant Privilege. It reads like a novel. The first chapter begins with the story of World War II concentration camp survivor Salomon Sorowitsch sitting on a beach holding a suitcase full of dollars of dubious provenance, which he hopes to launder and enlarge, in the casinos of Monte Carlo, as depicted in the movie The Counterfeiters. The second chapter begins with the story of English religious dissidents landing in Massachusetts inbringing with them insufficient stocks of European monies. This book brilliantly weaves six centuries of stories into a coherent and cogent account of the international monetary system. Prominence, in this context, means that the dollar is the principal unit in which individuals and firms invoice and settle trade, denominate commodity prices, and settle international financial transactions. It is also a principal asset that central banks hold as reserve currency, and the exchange rate with the dollar, is a principal price pegged by central banks. Among these include not having to pay currency conversion fees and having a safe currency that is relatively immune to exchange rate risks. This comes in the form of seigniorage, or the real resources that foreigners must provide to the U. These factors enable U. Eichengreen offers a vivid account:. With cheap foreign financing keeping U. The cheap finance that other countries provided the U. The United States lit the fire, but foreigners were forced by the perverse structure of the system to provide the fuel. -
Changes in the National Bibliographies, 1996-2001. PUB DATE 2001-08-00 NOTE 20P.; In: Libraries and Librarians: Making a Difference in the Knowledge Age
DOCUMENT RESUME ED 459 803 IR 058 298 AUTHOR Knutsen, Unni TITLE Changes in the National Bibliographies, 1996-2001. PUB DATE 2001-08-00 NOTE 20p.; In: Libraries and Librarians: Making a Difference in the Knowledge Age. Council and General Conference: Conference Programme and Proceedings (67th, Boston, MA, August 16-25, 2001); see IR 058 199. AVAILABLE FROM For full text: http://www.ifla.org. PUB TYPE Reports Research (143) Speeches/Meeting Papers (150) Tests/Questionnaires (160) EDRS PRICE MF01/PC01 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS Access to Information; *Bibliographies; Cataloging; *Electronic Publishing; Foreign Countries; Internet; Legislation; Library Directors; *Library Services; Library Surveys; *National Libraries; Printed Materials; Questionnaires; Retrospective Conversion (Library Catalogs) IDENTIFIERS Electronic Resources; *Legal Deposit; *National Bibliographies ABSTRACT This paper presents the results of a survey on national bibliographies among the members of the Conference of Directors of National Libraries in 2001. The survey is a follow up of a 1996 survey on bibliographic control and national bibliography. All parts of the world are represented by 52 responses. The main findings of the survey are that legal deposit legislation still emphasizes textual material, but many agencies presently revise their legislation to include more types of material, particularly electronic documents. Furthermore, print remains the preferred format for national bibliographies, but more and more agencies are focusing on Internet access. More than half of the agencies are undertaking or planning retrospective conversion programs. Appendices include a list of survey respondents, a table showing the current format of the national bibliography for each country, and a copy of the survey instrument. (Author/MES) Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. -
National Library of the Czech Republic
NATIONAL LIBRARY OF THE CZECH REPUBLIC ANNUAL REPORT TO C E N L April 1996 - March 1997 Mr. Vojtech Balík Ph.D. , Director tel.: +420-2-24213276, 21663262 Klementinum 190 fax: +420-2-24227796 110 01 Praha 1 e-mail: [email protected] Czech Republic URL: http://www.nkp.cz 1996 statistical survey holdings (total) ....... ca 5,600.000 items (incl. ca 9.000 ancient manuscripts, ca 3.500 incunabula) addition ......................... 64.871 items decrease ........................ 1.156 items users enrolled ................. 27.268 visitors ............................ 756.029 loans ............................... 552.908 publications ............................ 125 (incl. 44 monographs) staff (FTE) ............................. 479 (plan 502) expenditures for purchases, operation & staff (total) .... 167,071.000 Kc (i.e. ca $ 5.760 mil.) (incl. salaries + personal duties ....... ...... 78,122.000 Kc, i.e. ca $ 2.700 mil.) expenditures for investment (total) ................................ 13,609.000 Kc (i.e. ca $ 0.470 mil.) National Bibliography standards: UNIMARC, AACR2, ISBD, LCSH Czech version (English version to be prepared) availability: • printed format: books - monthly other material - yearly • CD-ROM - quarterly updates (resp. monthly upd. on floppy for books and articles) containing: books - ca 120.000 recs (1980 - ) articles - ca 390.000 recs (1991 - ) serials - 8.795 recs (1990 - 1996) doct. theses - 4.720 recs (1989 - 1995) RETROCON co-operative project (i.e. NL + regional State research libraries) has been launched with the support by Ministry of culture covering the whole Czech book production of the 20th century (ca 500.000 recs, to be completed by the year 2000). • on-line: http://www.nkp.cz OCLC WorldCat (new acquisitions) The Czech National Library served as testing site for UNIMARC › USMARC OCLC conversion program development. -
An Examination of National Bibliographies and Their Adherence to Icnbs Recommendations Final Report to the Ifla Standing Committee on Bibliography
AN EXAMINATION OF NATIONAL BIBLIOGRAPHIES AND THEIR ADHERENCE TO ICNBS RECOMMENDATIONS FINAL REPORT TO THE IFLA STANDING COMMITTEE ON BIBLIOGRAPHY By Barbara L. Bell, The College of Wooster, Ohio, USA Anne M. Hasund Langballe, National Library of Norway, Oslo Division BACKGROUND Project Assignment (1999/2001) Towards the end of 1999 the Standing Committee on Bibliography appointed a Working Group consisting of Barbara L. Bell, The College of Wooster, Ohio and Anne M.H. Langballe, National Library of Norway, Oslo Division, with a charge to: 1) Identify those national bibliographic services which are especially effective by virtue of their ability to meet the criteria and provide the features identified in ICNBS (International Conference on National Bibliographic Services) Recommendations 5-11; and, 2) Identify those Services that could improve effectiveness through greater conformance to these Recommendations, suggesting ways to request that they implement ICNBS Recommendations. In addition, Recommendation 1 (on legal deposit legislation) was later added to the charge, as this turned out to be useful in connection with the other points examined. The Standing Committee suggested that the basis of the work be Barbara L. Bell’s An annotated guide to current national bibliographies, München : Saur, 1998, and viewed it as a one year project with some funding from IFLA. Working methods The Working Group noted the time frame set by the Standing Committee and established an approach that would make it possible to finish the project within one year. Bell spent spring 2000 in Stellenbosch, the Republic of South Africa, autumn 2000 and spring 2001 at home in Ohio. Langballe has been at home in Oslo, Norway for the duration of the project. -
National Bibliography of Mauritius 2018
NATIONAL BIBLIOGRAPHY OF MAURITIUS 2018 004.076 Mauritius Institute of Education. Information and Communication Technology, Prevocational programme year 3 Part 1 / Mauritius Institute of Education in collaboration with Ministry of Education and Human Resources .- Réduit : MIE, 2018 .- vi., 95 p. : col. ill. ; 30 cm. ISBN 9789994937226 1. Computer Science - Study and teaching (Secondary) - Mauritius 2. Information technology - Study and teaching (Secondary) - Mauritius 004.076 Mauritius Institute of Education. Let’s learn ICT skills Grade 6 : Pupil’s textbook / Mauritius Institute of Education .- Réduit : Mauritius Institute of Education, 2018 .- viii, 104 p. : col. ill. ; 30 cm. ISBN 9789994944521 1. Information Technology – Education - Mauritius. 004.076 Mauritius Institute of Education. Information & Communication Technology, Prevocational programme year 4 / Mauritius Institute of Education in collaboration with Ministry of Education and Human Resources .- Réduit : Mauritius Institute of Education, 2018 .- vi, 80 p. : col. ill. ; 30 cm. 1. Computer Science - Study and teaching (Secondary) - Mauritius 2. Information Technology - Study and teaching (Secondary) – Mauritius 070.5096982 Government Printing Department. Customer charter - Government Printing Department .- Port Louis ; Government Printing Department, 2018 .- 19 p. : col. ill. ; 15 cm. 1. Mauritius – Government Printing Department. 2. Printing, public – Mauritius. 232.963 La Vie Catholique. Chemin de croix - De la passion à la résurection / La Vie Catholique.- Port-Louis : La Vie Catholique, 2018 .- [unpaged] : col. ill. ; 21x 6 cm. 1. Christian pilgrims and pilgrimages - Mauritius 2. Jesus Christ – Crucification - Meditation 232.963 Société Biblique de L’île Maurice. Heure sainte et chemin de croix / La Société Biblique de l’île Maurice .- Eau-Coulée : La Société Biblique de l’île Maurice, 2018 .- 40 p : col. -
Writing Money Pat Naughtin Even the Most Apparently Modern Institutions Can Be Remarkably Conservative
Writing money Pat Naughtin Even the most apparently modern institutions can be remarkably conservative. It wasn’t until 2001 that the New York Stock Exchange changed from using 'pieces of eight' to dollars and cents, in quoting stock prices. This anachronism lasted 208 years after the first introduction of decimal currency, into the USA, in 1793. Another, more familiar, financial convention dates from the same period. The current English practice of placing the pound sign (£) before the number, in writing cheques and contracts, grew from the fear that a crook might add a digit or two at the left-hand end of the number. The end result is that we write one thing and say another. We don’t say $50 as 'dollars fifty'; we say 'fifty dollars' and we don't say £50 as 'pounds fifty; we say fifty pounds. Putting the dollar sign before the number is clearly inconsistent with how we say the amount. And, just as clearly, we have not yet recovered from the use of the pound sign placed before the number. Despite the international nature of modern financial markets, the convention is not consistent across different countries. Australia, Brazil, Denmark, Italy, Netherlands, Switzerland, the UK, and the USA place their currency symbols before the number, and Finland, France, Germany, Norway, Spain, and Sweden place their currency symbols after the number. I am not aware of any official policy with the introduction of the Euro and people may well stick with their current practices and write 1000€ in Spain, €1000 in Italy. Even within an individual country such as Australia, we are not consistent. -
An Introduction to Nemeth Code Symbols Used in Grades 2 to 5 and Strategies for Supporting Elementary Students in Building Math Skills
An Introduction to Nemeth Code Symbols Used in Grades 2 to 5 and Strategies for Supporting Elementary Students in Building Math Skills Lesson 2: Mathematical Comma, Decimal Point, Money, and Linear and Word Problems University of South Carolina Upstate, Summer 2020 1 Lesson 2 Objectives • Participants will be able to read and write the following Nemeth symbols: • Mathematical comma in large numbers (1,234) • Decimal point (.) • Cent sign (¢ ) • Dollar sign ($) • Participants will be able to read and write linear math problems using Nemeth Code symbols. • Participants will be able to read and write word problems using Nemeth Code symbols. 2 Multi-Digit Numbers and the Mathematical Comma • Multi-digit numbers are written similarly to the numbers 1 – 10. • The mathematical comma , (dot 6) is used in Nemeth Code when multi-digit numbers are partitioned by a comma. 537 7,639 312,457,089 #537 #7,639 #312,457,089 1,234,567,890 #1,234,567,890 3 REALLY Long Multi-Digit Numbers • Long numbers are not divided between braille lines if the number will fit onto a single line. • If the number is too long to fit onto a single braille line, then divide it across two or more lines. • The division is made after a comma, if present, with a hyphen. • Put a numeric indicator at the beginning of the number as well as at the beginning of any additional lines. 5,670,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 #5,670,000,000,000,000,000,000,- #000,000 4 Activity 2A Interline the following: _% #1_4 #478 #2_4 #953 #3_4 #8,358 #4_4 #945,213 #5_4 #389,257,000,000,000,000,000,- #000,000 _: 5 Activity 2A: Answer Key _% 1.