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SILK ROAD: the Silk Road
SILK ROAD: The Silk Road (or Silk Routes) is an extensive interconnected network of trade routes across the Asian continent connecting East, South, and Western Asia with the Mediterranean world, as well as North and Northeast Africa and Europe. FIDDLE/VIOLIN: Turkic and Mongolian horsemen from Inner Asia were probably the world’s earliest fiddlers (see below). Their two-stringed upright fiddles called morin khuur were strung with horsehair strings, played with horsehair bows, and often feature a carved horse’s head at the end of the neck. The morin khuur produces a sound that is poetically described as “expansive and unrestrained”, like a wild horse neighing, or like a breeze in the grasslands. It is believed that these instruments eventually spread to China, India, the Byzantine Empire and the Middle East, where they developed into instruments such as the Erhu, the Chinese violin or 2-stringed fiddle, was introduced to China over a thousand years ago and probably came to China from Asia to the west along the silk road. The sound box of the Ehru is covered with python skin. The erhu is almost always tuned to the interval of a fifth. The inside string (nearest to player) is generally tuned to D4 and the outside string to A4. This is the same as the two middle strings of the violin. The violin in its present form emerged in early 16th-Century Northern Italy, where the port towns of Venice and Genoa maintained extensive ties to central Asia through the trade routes of the silk road. The violin family developed during the Renaissance period in Europe (16th century) when all arts flourished. -
De Las Melodías Del Reino Nazarí De Granada a Las Estructuras Musicales Cristianas
De las melodías del reino nazarí de Granada a las estructuras musicales cristianas La transformación de las tradiciones musicales hispano-árabes en la península Ibérica Reynaldo Fernández Manzano Diputación Provincial de Granada Este trabajo obtuvo la concesión de "Ayuda a la Investigación y recuperación del Patrimonio Folklórico-artístico español, en sus aspectos musical y literario-musical" 1983. Ministerio de Cultura. BIBLIOTECA DE ENSAYO ® Diputación Provincial de Granada ISBN: 84-505-1189-5 Depósito legal: GR. 159-1985 Impreso en la Imprenta Provincial Printed in Spain Cubierta: Juan Vida A mis padres porque gracias a ellos han sido siempre posibles y agradables mis estudios. índice general Prólogo 7 Introducción 13 Primera Parte: Estudio 23 A. Antecedentes de ambas culturas musicales 23 B. Antecedentes y estructuras musicales del reino nazarí de Granada .. 25 B. 1. Música de al-Andalus. Breve panorama general 25 B.2. Instituciones y costumbres musicales 27 B.2.a) Mecenazgo de la música de al-Andalus 27 B.2.b) Escuelas de música en al-Andalus 28 B.2.c) Una institución musical en el reino nazarí de Granada: Alcaide de juglaras e juglares 29 B.2.d) Costumbres y tradiciones 30 B.3. Estructuras musicales en el reino nazarí de Granada 31 B.3.a) Relación letra-música 31 B.3.b) Estructuras musicales de corta y larga duración 32 B.3.c) Algunas notas sobre la estructura musical 33 1) Micro formas técnicas que constituyen la composición 33 2) Sobre el ritmo: "Darb" 33 C. Antecedentes de la música renacentista en España 34 C. 1. La tradición musical cristiana en la península Ibérica 34 C.2. -
La Romanesca Monodies 1 Istanpitta Ghaetta (Anonymous, 14Th Century) 8’52” 2 Lo Vers Comenssa (Marcabru, Fl
La Romanesca Monodies 1 Istanpitta Ghaetta (anonymous, 14th century) 8’52” 2 Lo vers comenssa (Marcabru, fl. 1127-1150) 6’44” 3 Lo vers comens can vei del fau (Marcabru) 5’15” 4 Saltarello (anonymous, 14th century) 4’16” 5 L’autrier jost’ una sebissa (Marcabru) 5’04” 6 Bel m’es quant son li fruit madur (Marcabru) 9’15” 7 Istanpitta Palamento (anonymous, 14th century) 7’40” Cantigas de amigo (Martin Codax, 13th century) 8 Ondas do mar de Vigo 4’28” 9 Mandad’ ei comigo 3’58” 10 Miña irmana fremosa iredes comigo 3’15” 11 Ay Deus, se sab’ ora o meu amigo 3’30” 12 Quantas sabedes amar amigo 2’02” 13 Eno sagrado Vigo 3’07” 14 Ay ondas que eu vin ver 2’11” Hartley Newnham – voice, percussion Ruth Wilkinson – recorder, vielle, tenor viol Ros Bandt – recorder, flute, psaltery, rebec, percussion John Griffiths – lute, guitarra morisca Monodies La Romanesca P 1982 / 2005 Move Records expanded edition of Medieval Monodies – total playing time 70 minutes move.com.au he poet-musicians Marcabru and Uncompromising are his attacks on false of Lo vers comens can vei del fau, similarly Martin Codax occupy important lovers who debase the integrity of true love. derived from a later contrafactum version in Tplaces in the history of medieval Undisguised is his criticism of the excesses manuscript Paris, Bib. Nat. f. lat. 3719. secular song. Marcabru is the earliest southern of the nobility whom he served. Such is his Of much safer attribution, Bel m’es quant French troubadour whose music survives, and venom that one of his biographers comments son li fruit madur is the most sophisticated Martin Codax’s songs are the oldest relics of that “he scorns women and love”. -
PORRAS ROBLES, Faustino, "Los Instrumentos Musicales En La Poesía Castellana Medieval. Enumeración Y Descripción Organológica"
Lemir 12 (2008): 113-136 ISSN: 1579-735X ISSN: Los instrumentos musicales en la poesía castellana medieval. Enumeración y descripción organológica Faustino Porras Robles IES ‘Eusebio da Guarda’ (La Coruña) RESUMEN: En este artículo se lleva a cabo el estudio organológico de los instrumentos musicales citados en las princi- pales obras de poesía medieval castellana confirmando, así, la importancia de las fuentes literarias para esta disciplina musicológica. RÉSUMÉ: Cet article porte sur l’étude organologique des instruments de musique cités dans les grandes œuvres de poésie médiévale espagnole en confirmant l’importance des sources littéraires pour cette discipline musi- cologique. _____________________________________ A finales del s. xviii nace la musicología como disciplina científica dedicada a tratar 1 «...la música en todos sus aspectos históricos, comparativos y teóricos»; entre sus ramas más importantes se encuentra la organología (lat. organa: instrumentos) que se centra básica- mente en tres campos de estudio: origen y clasificación de los instrumentos a partir de as- pectos etnológicos y antropológicos, descripción material de los mismos y referencias a las técnicas interpretativas específicas.2 La organología empieza a presentar una cierta siste- matización con la aparición en el Renacimiento de toda una serie de tratados; sin embar- go, éstos son prácticamente inexistentes en Edad Media, época en la que la especulación organizativa y formal de la música centra el interés de los principales teóricos y en la que, 1.– Pérez, M. Diccionario de la Música y los músicos, vol. 2. Madrid: Istmo, 1985, p. 369. 2.– Tranchefort, F. R. Los instrumentos musicales en el mundo. Madrid: Alianza Música, 1985, p. -
The Trecento Lute
UC Irvine UC Irvine Previously Published Works Title The Trecento Lute Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1kh2f9kn Author Minamino, Hiroyuki Publication Date 2019 License https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 4.0 Peer reviewed eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California The Trecento Lute1 Hiroyuki Minamino ABSTRACT From the initial stage of its cultivation in Italy in the late thirteenth century, the lute was regarded as a noble instrument among various types of the trecento musical instruments, favored by both the upper-class amateurs and professional court giullari, participated in the ensemble of other bas instruments such as the fiddle or gittern, accompanied the singers, and provided music for the dancers. Indeed, its delicate sound was more suitable in the inner chambers of courts and the quiet gardens of bourgeois villas than in the uproarious battle fields and the busy streets of towns. KEYWORDS Lute, Trecento, Italy, Bas instrument, Giullari any studies on the origin of the lute begin with ancient Mesopota- mian, Egyptian, Greek, or Roman musical instruments that carry a fingerboard (either long or short) over which various numbers M 2 of strings stretch. The Arabic ud, first widely introduced into Europe by the Moors during their conquest of Spain in the eighth century, has been suggest- ed to be the direct ancestor of the lute. If this is the case, not much is known about when, where, and how the European lute evolved from the ud. The presence of Arabs in the Iberian Peninsula and their cultivation of musical instruments during the middle ages suggest that a variety of instruments were made by Arab craftsmen in Spain. -
“Allí Sale Gritando La Guitarra Morisca”: Nueva Aproximación a Una Enumeración De Instrumentos En El Libro De Buen Amor
“Allí sale gritando la guitarra morisca”: Nueva aproximación a una enumeración de instrumentos en el Libro de buen amor Daniel Rodrigo BENITO SANZ Universidad Complutense de Madrid [email protected] Las obras maestras suelen deleitar a los lectores y martirizar a los críticos que intentan aprehender desde su perspectiva histórica e ideológica la pluralidad de sentidos que, al parecer, yacen ocultos tras la corteza de la literalidad1. La alegría y el buen humor triunfan en este libro vario, rico, colorido e ingenioso, que parece negarse a brindarnos sus últimos secretos y que entendería en su profunda esencia el público castellano que se congregaba en torno de los juglares que lo recitarían ora con dicción maliciosa, ora con solemnidad doctrinal...2 RESUMEN A la luz de varios ejemplos de iconografía musical de la época y de estudios musicológicos modernos, podemos demostrar que el Arcipreste de Hita era conocedor de la música instrumental de su tiempo, su puesta en escena, convenciones y ejecución, tal como la entendían los juglares. Para ello someteremos un mismo pasaje de siete estrofas a distintos tipos de análisis filológico y musicológico. Partiremos del enfoque tradicional, que enfatiza la identificación y descripción de instrumentos, enriqueciéndolo con el que se ocupa de sus agrupaciones, para demostrar que: algunos instrumentos se mencionan y describen de forma ___________ 1 A. Blecua (2010), p. XIII. 2 M. Riquer (2009), p. 347. Dicenda. Cuadernos de Filología Hispánica ISSN: 0212-2952 2012, vol. 30, Núm. Especial 279-298 http://dx.doi.org/10.5209/rev_DICE.2012.v30.41377 Daniel Rodrigo Benito Sanz “Allí sale gritando la guitarra morisca”.. -
Música Española
••i • HISTORIA MÚSICA ESPAÑOLA DESDE LA VENIDA DE LOS FENÍCIOS HASTA Eli AÑO »E ft$50, por Ütartano Soriano Jktvtts, f-A. BALLE ti O JhK L\ íiHhL Y DISTINGUIDA ÓllDEN ESPAÑOLA DE CARLOS III, DE LA NACIONAL V MILITAR DE SAN FERNANDO DE PRIMERA CLASE, CONDECORADO CON LA MEDALLA DE ORO DEL INSTITUTO ESPAÑOL, V MIEMBRO DE VARIAS SOCIEDADES ARTÍSTICAS Y LITERARIAS ETC., ETC. Música y poesia En una misma lira tocaremos. {Marte—Poema de ta mAsica). TOMOPBIMEKO. oAíiMO ()e 4 855. Establcciiuienlo de música de D. Bernabé Carrara, imprenta de D. Narciso Uamirez ( calle de IÍ6- almacenista de Cámara de SS. MM. y AA., cudcllcrs, mim. 40. callo del Príncipe núm. 15, Los magnates me despojan; los literatos me instruyen, y los hombres industriosos me enriquecen. (Carlos Vprimero de España.) Si se ([iiicre sabor si iin reino está bien gobernado y si las costumbres de los que le habitan son buenas ó malas, cesaminese su música. [Konri , obra del P. Amiol.) Después de catorce años de trabajo y continuado estu• dio, presento ante el fallo del público la Historia de la música española, sino todo lo completa y bien escrita que yo bubiera deseado, al menos con todos los datos y docu• mentos que he podido encontrar, y de el modo mejor que mi escaso talento ha sabido combinarlos é interpretarlos. La lectura de las obras de D. Tojnas Iriarte, Lichten- tal, Víardot, Fctis, Roschlitz, Rousseau y otros, me hicie• ron concebir la idea de escribir esta historia, animándo• me los cinco primeros á ello, y decidiéndome el sexto por sus palabras tan vacias de sentido con respecto á nuestra música. -
A History of Mandolin Construction
1 - Mandolin History Chapter 1 - A History of Mandolin Construction here is a considerable amount written about the history of the mandolin, but littleT that looks at the way the instrument e marvellous has been built, rather than how it has been 16 string ullinger played, across the 300 years or so of its mandolin from 1925 existence. photo courtesy of ose interested in the classical mandolin ony ingham, ondon have tended to concentrate on the European bowlback mandolin with scant regard to the past century of American carved instruments. Similarly many American writers don’t pay great attention to anything that happened before Orville Gibson, so this introductory chapter is an attempt to give equal weight to developments on both sides of the Atlantic and to see the story of the mandolin as one of continuing evolution with the odd revolutionary change along the way. e history of the mandolin is not of a straightforward, lineal development, but one which intertwines with the stories of guitars, lutes and other stringed instruments over the past 1000 years. e formal, musicological definition of a (usually called the Neapolitan mandolin); mandolin is that of a chordophone of the instruments with a flat soundboard and short-necked lute family with four double back (sometimes known as a Portuguese courses of metal strings tuned g’-d’-a”-e”. style); and those with a carved soundboard ese are fixed to the end of the body using and back as developed by the Gibson a floating bridge and with a string length of company a century ago. -
INTERMEZZO Editorial
INTERMEZZO NÚMERO 55 - JUNIO 2014 Editorial Sumario NUEVA DIMENSIÓN EN LA 2 MÚSICA SINFÓNICA Y CONCERTANTE, DOS GRANDES AUSENCIAS DE LA MÚSICA ESPAÑOLA DOCUMENTACIÓN MUSICAL ALEJANDRA POGGIO NACIONAL 4 LA MÚSICA MORISCA: HERENCIA MUSICAL Hace unos meses recibíamos una gran no- VERÓNICA GARCÍA PRIOR ticia: Reynaldo Fernández Manzano, director 8 SOBRE LAS SUITES PARA VIOLONCHELO DE del centro de Documentación Musical de an- BACH Y SI ARTICULACIÓN dalucía, organista, doctor y musicólogo de re- IVO CORTÉS MONTERO conocido prestigio, acaba de ser nombrado 13 EL METHODE POUR GUITARRE DE FERNANDO Presidente de aEsDoM, asociación Española SOR: UNA PRIMERA PARTE PARA LA REFLEXIÓN de Documentación Musical. Nuevamente este JAVIER CHAMIZO granadino ilustre, admirador y defensor del pa- 17 TRES EDICIONES DE LAS SONATAS DE HAYDN trimonio musical andaluz, ilumina el panorama RAQUEL HERNÁNDEZ CARRIÓN nacional artístico, encargado de velar, proteger ENRIQUE LÓPEZ HERREROS y divulgar nuestras raíces sonoras. 22 Hoy hablamos con... ENTREVISTA A DIEGO RODRÍGUEZ Felicitamos desde Intermezzo su labor exi- POR PAULA CORONAS VALLE gua y fiel al servicio de la investigación musical, desde cuyos horizontes se abren nuevas pers- LA MÚSICA DE BEETHOVEN EN EL CINE (1) 26 pectivas que permiten desempolvar obras olvi- ALFONSO MÉNDIZ NOGUERO SALVE MÁRQUEZ SÁNCHEZ dadas, desaparecidas casi desde su génesis, y aplaudir estrenos e incorporaciones de reciente 30 IGNOTO CANTO VERSUS factura que ya caminan también en el corpus ¿ENMUDECER LA MUDA? nacional. la conveniente clasificación y com- PEDRO BARRIENTOS DUQUE pilación de documentos, partituras y escritos 32 EL DON DE LA PALABRA: musicales es otra de las ocupaciones que esta LA BELLEZA DE LOS SONIDOS asociación realiza impecablemente. -
Catalogue Produced on 29/03/2011 Si Buscas Música
Catalogue produced on 29/03/2011 Si buscas música flamenca, video o DVD, por favor visita: flamencoSound.com Guitars .................................................................................................................................................................................. 2 Phone Number: (0034) 91 5427251 - We export Flamenco worldwide. Flamenco Guitar - mod.125 400.00 € 564.6 USD The guitar is a musical instrument with ancient roots that is used in a wide variety of musical styles. It typically has six strings, but four, seven, eight, ten, and twelve string guitars also exist. The modern guitar is descended from the Roman cithara brought by the Romans to Hispania around 40 AD, and further adapted and developed with the arrival of the four-string oud, brought by the Moors after their invasion of the Iberian peninsula during the 8th century AD.[3] Elsewhere in Europe, the indigenous six-string Scandinavian lut (lute), had gained in popularity in areas of Viking incursions across the continent. Often depicted in carvings c.800 AD, the Norse hero Gunther (also known as Gunnar), played a lute with his toes as he lay dying in a snake-pit, in the legend of Siegfried.[4] By 1200 AD, the four string "guitar" had evolved into two types: the guitarra morisca (Moorish guitar) which had a rounded back, wide fingerboard and several soundholes, and the guitarra latina (Latin guitar) which resembled the modern guitar with one soundhole and a narrower neck. During the Middle Ages, guitars with three, four, and five strings existed. The Guitarra Latina had curved sides and is thought to have come to Spain from elsewhere in Europe. The Guitarra Morisca, brought to Spain by the Moors, had an oval Phone Number: (0034) 91 5427251 - We export Flamenco worldwide. -
Guitarra Latina
3 JOSÉ LUIS PUERTA received his Doctor of Musical Arts degree in FACULTY ARTIST SERIES RECITAL guitar with a minor in ethnomusicology from the University of Arizona as well as a master’s of music, and a bachelor’s degree in guitar performance from the Conservatory of Music in Puerto Rico. He also graduated from the prestigious Escuela Libre de Música Ernesto Ramos Antonini in San Juan, Puerto Rico. Guitarra Latina As an ethnomusicologist, Jose Luis’s emphasis has been in Latin JOSÉ LUIS PUERTA, GUITAR American music, focusing on plucked strings ensembles such as the rondallas, trios, guitar quartets, and on their use as a pedagogical tool. He has presented his research at the Ciclo Sonoro in Universidade Federal da Integração Latino-Americana in Foz do Iguaçu, Brasil; Osher Lifelong Learning Institute; the Fourth International Symposium on Latin American Music in Tucson, United States; and the Society for Ethnomusicology Southwest Chapter in Flagstaff, USA. He collaborated at the Society for Ethnomusicology 61th Annual Meeting as session chair in Washington D.C. He has contributed two entries for the soon-to-be- released Sage International Encyclopedia of Music and Culture,” Reguetón,” and, “Lute Chordophones.” Also, he contributed guitar arrangements for the textbook, The Course of Mexican Music, Routledge. As a guitarist, he has performed in Puerto Rico, Festival Alfonso Ortiz Tirado in Mexico, Canada, Spain, and throughout the United States. He’s been featured in the University of Arizona Alumni Magazine (Spring 2016), Acoustic Guitar (Fall 2017) and in Tucson Guitar Orchestra Strings Along, for Arizona Public Media. He has been invited to perform for the Treasure Coast Guitar Society and for the Sundays in the Garden concert series at Tohono Chul Park on numerous occasions as a duo, ensemble, and conductor. -
The Celtic Legacy of the Gaita in Galician Music
e-Keltoi: Journal of Interdisciplinary Celtic Studies Volume 6 The Celts in the Iberian Peninsula Article 18 9-10-2007 The eltC ic Legacy of the Gaita in Galician Music Xosé Lois Foxo Director, Real Banda-Escuela de Ourense Follow this and additional works at: https://dc.uwm.edu/ekeltoi Part of the Celtic Studies Commons, English Language and Literature Commons, Folklore Commons, History Commons, History of Art, Architecture, and Archaeology Commons, Linguistics Commons, and the Theatre History Commons Recommended Citation Foxo, Xosé Lois (2007) "The eC ltic Legacy of the Gaita in Galician Music," e-Keltoi: Journal of Interdisciplinary Celtic Studies: Vol. 6 , Article 18. Available at: https://dc.uwm.edu/ekeltoi/vol6/iss1/18 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by UWM Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in e-Keltoi: Journal of Interdisciplinary Celtic Studies by an authorized administrator of UWM Digital Commons. For more information, please contact open- [email protected]. e-Keltoi: Journal of Interdisciplinary Celtic Studies Volume 6 The Celts in the Iberian Peninsula Article 18 9-10-2007 The eltC ic Legacy of the Gaita in Galician Music Xosé Lois Foxo Director, Real Banda-Escuela de Ourense Follow this and additional works at: https://dc.uwm.edu/ekeltoi Recommended Citation Foxo, Xosé Lois (2007) "The eC ltic Legacy of the Gaita in Galician Music," e-Keltoi: Journal of Interdisciplinary Celtic Studies: Vol. 6 , Article 18. Available at: https://dc.uwm.edu/ekeltoi/vol6/iss1/18 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by UWM Digital Commons.