DOCSLIB.ORG

The Doctrine of Resurrection and the Challenge of Traditional Igbo (African) Eschatology

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Doctrine of Resurrection and the Challenge of Traditional Igbo (African) Eschatology The Doctrine of Resurrection and the Challenge of Traditional Igbo (African) Eschatology von Matthew Maduabuchi Nsomma Anyanwu University of Bamberg 2012 Bibliographische Information der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek Die Deutsche Nationalbibliothek verzeichnet diese Publikation in der Deutschen Nationalbibliographie; detaillierte bibliographische Informationen sind im Internet über http://dnb.ddb.de/ abrufbar Diese Arbeit hat dem Institut für Katholische Theologie (als Promotionsausschuss der Fakultät Geistes- und Kulturwissenschaften der Otto- Friedrich-Universität Bamberg für die Altfälle der ruhenden Katholisch- Theologischen Fakultät) als Dissertation vorgelegen 1. Gutachter: Prof. Dr. Wolfgang Klausnitzer 2. Gutachter: Prof. Dr. Joachim Kügler Tag der mündlichen Prüfung: 31. Mai 2011 Dieses Werk ist als freie Onlineversion über den Hochschulschriften-Server (OPUS; http://www.opus- bayern.de/uni-bamberg/) der Universitätsbibliothek Bamberg erreichbar. Kopien und Ausdrucke dürfen nur zum privaten und sonstigen eigenen Gebrauch angefertigt werden. URN: urn:nbn:de:bvb:473-opus4-5471 5 Zusammenfassung Die Motivation dieses Buch zu schreiben entspringt den pastoralen Refor- men des II. Vatikanischen Konzils. Eine der Erwartungen dieses Konzils war das Aufscheinen eines "Zweiten Pfingstereignisses", um eine größere und bessere Kirche zu erreichen. Offenheit war eine der Früchte dieses Konzils; die Kirche wurde sensibel für die Werte anderer Religionen zum Vorteil der theologischen Entwicklung. Das bedeutet aber auch, dass jede gegenwärtige Theologie, die die pastoralen Reformen des Konzils für ge- währleistet hält, es riskiert, der wahren Größe des Glaubens Schaden zuzu- fügen. In Erkenntnis der Werte, die in anderen Religionen zu finden sind, behandelt dieses Buch ein Thema im Besonderen, die Frage der Eschatolo- gie. Der Autor versucht, einen christlichen Glaubenssatz - die Auferstehung - aus der traditionellen Igbo-Perspektive Ilo-uwa (Wiedergeburt?) zu defi- nieren. Um eine klare Abgrenzung zwischen der asiatischen Vorstellung der Wiedergeburt und Ilo-uwa zu treffen, legt diese Darstellung große Auf- merksamkeit auf die innere und äußere Dynamik der Konzeptbedeutung Ilo- uwa. Ausschlaggebend hierfür sind vor allem zwei Gründe: Der eine ist die Vervollständigung. Nach Meinung des Autors dieses Buches gibt es be- stimmte Werte in anderen Religionen, die die christlichen religiösen Werte entweder bereichern oder ergänzen können; zum Beispiel der Glaube an das Jenseits. Zweitens beschreibt dieses Buch eine angemessene Definition eini- ger traditioneller Igbo-Werte, die auch die Eschatologie umfasst. Das Über- leben der Igbo-Kirche hängt von dem Verständnis einiger dieser Werte ab und der praktische Weg, dieses Überleben zu sichern, ist eine Evangelisati- on duch Inkulturation. 7 Abstract The writing of this book is motivated by the pastoral reforms of the second Vatican Council. One of the expectations of the council was the ‘descent’ of the ‘second Pentecost’ for a bigger and better church. One of the fruits of the council was openness; the church became docile to the values found in other religions to the advantage of the development of theology. This means that any theology in the present that takes the pastoral reforms of the coun- cil for granted risks the danger of compromising the real growth of the faith. In recognition of the values found in other religions, this book treats one of the topics of religious concern, the issue of eschatology. The author tries to define resurrection which is a Christian article of faith from the Igbo tradi- tional perspective of Ilo-uwa (reincarnation?). In trying to make the clear distinction between the Asian form of reincarnation from Ilo-uwa, this the- sis paid greater attention to the internal and external dynamics of the mean- ing of the concept Ilo-uwa. There are two major reasons for addressing this topic. The very first reason is complimentarity. It is the opinion of the au- thor of this book that there are certain values in African religions that could either enrich or compliment the Christian religious values, for instance, the belief in the living-dead. Secondly, this book suggests for the appropriate definition of some Igbo traditional values including eschatology. The sur- vival of the Igbo Church depends on the understanding of some of these values and the practical way to do this is through evangelization via incul- turation. Contents 1 General Introduction ..............................................................................15 1.1 Statement of the Problem .................................................................19 1.2 The Argument of this Work..............................................................20 1.3 The Purpose of the Research ...........................................................21 1.4 The Methodology Used ...................................................................22 2 Definitions of some Fundamental Concepts ..........................................25 2.1 Introduction.......................................................................................25 2.2 Revelation ........................................................................................26 2.3 Life after death - the two common Terms .......................................28 2.4 Resurrection in World Religions and Philosophy............................29 2.5 Religion, God and Humanity in Relationship ..................................29 2.6 The Being and Essence of God ........................................................31 2.6.1 Definition of God from Philosophical Perspective ................32 2.6.2 OT and the Definition of God ................................................38 2.6.3 The Name of God as Power ....................................................40 2.6.4 The God who creates ..............................................................43 2.7 The Human Nature ..........................................................................46 2.7.1 The Image and Likeness of God .............................................49 2.7.2 Biblical Anthropology ............................................................53 2.7.3 The Relationship Between Basar, Nephesh and Ruach in He- brew Anthropology .................................................................53 2.7.4 Pauline New Testament Anthropology ..................................59 2.7.5 The Sóma ................................................................................60 2.7.6 Immortality of the Soul ..........................................................63 2.7.7 Immortality and the Resurrection in Christianity ...................65 2.8 The Origin of Death .........................................................................77 2.8.1 What is Death .........................................................................80 2.8.2 The Dynamism of Death ........................................................80 2.8.3 Anxiety and the Fear of Death ................................................82 10 2.8.4 Existentialism and the Question of Death ..............................83 2.8.5 Martin Heidegger ....................................................................84 2.8.6 Martin Heidegger and the Problem of Death .........................85 2.9 Conclusion........................................................................................88 3 Death as the Way to Eschaton.................................................................93 3.1 Introduction.......................................................................................93 3.2 The Problem of Originality of the Doctrine to Israel ......................94 3.3 Egypt ................................................................................................97 3.3.1 Zoroastrian Impulse ..............................................................101 3.3.2 Persian/Iranian Influence on Judaism ...................................102 3.3.3 The late establishment of the resurrection concept in the OT ...............................................................................................110 3.4 Foundation of Resurrection Expectation .......................................112 3.4.1 The Rise of the Hope of Resurrection in OT ........................118 3.4.2 Resurrection of the Just - Isaiah 26:7-19 ..............................123 3.4.3 General Resurrection ............................................................133 3.5 Resurrection in the NT....................................................................140 3.5.1 What did the NT really think about the Resurrection of the Dead?.....................................................................................141 3.5.2 The Empty Tomb...................................................................143 3.5.3 The Post-Mortem Appearances ............................................152 3.6 Resurrection Appearances and Faith Transformation....................157 3.7 Conclusion......................................................................................163 4 The Resurrection in History and Theology...........................................167 4.1 Introduction.....................................................................................167 4.2 Gnosticism: Origin and the Problems of Definition.......................168 4.2.1 Resurrection and the Gnostic Code.......................................173 4.2.2 What is a Creed.....................................................................175 4.2.3 The Apostolic Creed..............................................................176
Load more

Recommended publications
  • From Idol to Art: African 'Objects with Power': a Challenge for Missionaries, Anthropologists and Museum Curators
    From idol to art African ‘objects with power’: a challenge for missionaries, anthropologists and museum curators African Studies Centre African Studies Collection, vol. 59 From idol to art African ‘objects with power’: a challenge for missionaries, anthropologists and museum curators Harrie Leyten Published by: African Studies Centre P.O. Box 9555 2300 RB Leiden The Netherlands asc@ascleiden.nl http://www.ascleiden.nl Cover design: Heike Slingerland Cover photos: Left: An Ikenga of the Igbo, Nigeria. Courtesy of the Pitt Rivers Museum, University of Oxford Middle: Asuman, probably of the Ashanti, Fanti and Sefwi, Ghana. Courtesy of the Afrika Museum, Berg en Dal Right: Nkisi mabiala ma ndembe of the Yombe, Congo. Courtesy of the Katholieke Universiteit Leuven Author has made all reasonable efforts to trace all rights holders to any copyrighted ma- terial used in this work. In cases where these efforts have not been successful the pub- lisher welcomes communications from copyright holders, so that the appropriate acknowledgements can be made in future editions, and to settle other permission mat- ters. Maps: Nel de Vink (DeVink Mapdesign) Printed by Ipskamp Drukkers, Enschede ISSN: 1876-018x ISBN: 978-94-6173-720-5 © Harrie M. Leyten, 2015 For Clémence Contents Glossary vi Foreword xv 1. FROM IDOL TO ART:INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 Two Epa masks in a missionary museum: A case study 1 1.2 From Idol to Art: Research question 11 1.3 Theoretical framework 15 1.4 Objects with power 29 1.5 Plan and structure of this book 35 2. IKENGA,MINKISI AND ASUMAN 40 2.1 Ikenga 40 2.2 Minkisi 49 2.3 Asuman 65 3.
    [Show full text]
  • Bible Translation and Language Elaboration: the Igbo Experience
    Bible Translation and Language Elaboration: The Igbo Experience A thesis submitted to the Bayreuth International Graduate School of African Studies (BIGSAS), Universität Bayreuth, in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the award of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Dr. Phil.) in English Linguistics By Uchenna Oyali Supervisor: PD Dr. Eric A. Anchimbe Mentor: Prof. Dr. Susanne Mühleisen Mentor: Prof. Dr. Eva Spies September 2018 i Dedication To Mma Ụsọ m Okwufie nwa eze… who made the journey easier and gave me the best gift ever and Dikeọgụ Egbe a na-agba anyanwụ who fought against every odd to stay with me and always gives me those smiles that make life more beautiful i Acknowledgements Otu onye adịghị azụ nwa. So say my Igbo people. One person does not raise a child. The same goes for this study. I owe its success to many beautiful hearts I met before and during the period of my studies. I was able to embark on and complete this project because of them. Whatever shortcomings in the study, though, remain mine. I appreciate my uncle and lecturer, Chief Pius Enebeli Opene, who put in my head the idea of joining the academia. Though he did not live to see me complete this program, I want him to know that his son completed the program successfully, and that his encouraging words still guide and motivate me as I strive for greater heights. Words fail me to adequately express my gratitude to my supervisor, PD Dr. Eric A. Anchimbe. His encouragements and confidence in me made me believe in myself again, for I was at the verge of giving up.
    [Show full text]
  • Adyar Pamphlets Theories About Reincarnation and Spirits No. 144 Theories About Reincarnation and Spirits by H.P
    Adyar Pamphlets Theories About Reincarnation and Spirits No. 144 Theories About Reincarnation and Spirits by H.P. Blavatsky From The Path, November, 1886 Published in 1930 Theosophical Publishing House, Adyar, Chennai [Madras] India The Theosophist Office, Adyar, Madras. India OVER and over again the abstruse and mooted question of Rebirth or Reincarnation has crept out during the first ten years of the Theosophical Society's existence. It has been alleged on prima facie evidence, that a notable discrepancy was found between statements made in Isis Unveiled, Volume I, pp. 351-2, and later teachings from the same pen and under the inspiration of the same Master.[ See charge and answer, in Theosophist. August 1882] In Isis it was held, reincarnation is denied. An occasional return, only of “depraved spirits" is allowed. ' Exclusive of that rare and doubtful possibility, Isis allows only three cases - abortion, very early death, and idiocy - in which reincarnation on this earth occurs." (“C. C. M." in Light, 1882.) The charge was answered then and there as every one who will turn to the Theosophist of August, 1882, can see for himself. Nevertheless, the answer either failed to satisfy some readers or passed unnoticed. Leaving aside the strangeness of the assertion that reincarnation - i.e., the serial and periodical rebirth of every individual monad from pralaya to pralaya - [The cycle of existence during the manvantara - period before and after the beginning and completion of which every such "Monad" is absorbed and reabsorbed in the ONE
    [Show full text]
  • The Real Presence of Christ in Scripture: a Sacramental Approach to the Old Testament
    The Real Presence of Christ in Scripture: A Sacramental Approach to the Old Testament by Geoffrey Boyle A Thesis submitted to the Faculty of Wycliffe College and Graduate Centre for Theological Studies of the Toronto School of Theology In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Theology awarded by the University of St. Michael's College © Copyright by Geoffrey Boyle 2019 The Real Presence of Christ in Scripture: A Sacramental Approach to the Old Testament Geoffrey Robert Boyle Doctor of Philosophy in Theology University of St. Michael's College 2019 Abstract Of the various sense-making attempts to understand the relation of Christ to the Old Testament over the last century, there is a noticeable absence of any substantial presence. Christ is prophesied, witnessed, predicted, typified, and prefigured; but apart from a few alleged christophanic appearances, he is largely the subject of another, historically subsequent Testament. This thesis surveys the christological approaches to the Old Testament since the early 20th century breach made within historicism, introduces a patristic mindset, proposes an ontological foundation to a sacramental (real-presence) approach, then demonstrates this through a reading of Zechariah 9-14. The goal is to bring together three arenas of study—exegetical, historical, theological—and demonstrate how their united lens clarifies the substantial referent of Scripture, namely Christ. The character of the OT witness is thus presented in christological terms, suggesting a reading that recognizes the divine person within the text itself, at home in the sensus literalis. By way of analogy to the Cyrillian hypostatic union and a Lutheran eucharistic comprehension, the task is to show how one encounters the hypostasis of Christ by means of the text’s literal sense.
    [Show full text]
  • Igbo Man's Belief in Prayer for the Betterment of Life Ikechukwu
    Igbo man’s Belief in Prayer for the Betterment of Life Ikechukwu Okodo African & Asian Studies Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka Abstract The Igbo man believes in Chukwu strongly. The Igbo man expects all he needs for the betterment of his life from Chukwu. He worships Chukwu traditionally. His religion, the African Traditional Religion, was existing before the white man came to the Igbo land of Nigeria with his Christianity. The Igbo man believes that he achieves a lot by praying to Chukwu. It is by prayer that he asks for the good things of life. He believes that prayer has enough efficacy to elicit mercy from Chukwu. This paper shows that the Igbo man, to a large extent, believes that his prayer contributes in making life better for him. It also makes it clear that he says different kinds of prayer that are spontaneous or planned, private or public. Introduction Since the Igbo man believes in Chukwu (God), he cannot help worshipping him because he has to relate with the great Being that made him. He has to sanctify himself in order to find favour in Chukwu. He has to obey the laws of his land. He keeps off from blood. He must not spill blood otherwise he cannot stand before Chukwu to ask for favour and succeed. In spite of that it can cause him some ill health as the Igbo people say that those whose hands are bloody are under curses which affect their destines. The Igboman purifies himself by avoiding sins that will bring about abominations on the land.
    [Show full text]
  • ABORIGINAL BELIEFS and REINCARNATION Marjorie Crawley
    ABORIGINAL BELIEFS AND REINCARNATION Marjorie Crawley Although reincarnation has been believed over thousands of years among a variety of widely dispersed cultures, apart from the Celtic heritage of many Europeans it is not a concept that is part of our European Australian understanding of the nature of man and his relation- ship to the world. In recent years, however, with the intrusion of Eastern religions, we have been given more opportunity to attempt to understand, if not accept, categories of thought foreign to our own, yet difficulties in understanding the concept of reincarnation persist. For it has been expressed in doctrines that have changed according to the understanding of wisdom, and the needs of the people during the passing ages, even within the same religious tradition. There is also doubt as to whether it was correct to attribute reincarnation beliefs to some cultures, pointing to an indescision as to what counts as evidence and how to interpret it. 1 It is not surprising therefore, to find conflict of opinion as to whether the Aranda believe in reincarnation. Early this century, Baldwin Spencer and F.J. Gillen were cited for the affirmative, and Carl Strehlow for the negative. 2 More recently, T.G.H. Strehlow supported the view, The father of the young initiate then takes the hand of his son, leads him to the cluster, and places the smooth round stone into his hands. Having obtained permission of the other old men present, he tells his son: 'This is your own body from which you have been reborn. It is the true body of the great Tjenterama, the chief of the Ilbalintja storehouse ..
    [Show full text]
  • An Examination of Early Jewish Thought on the Afterlife Robert E
    James Madison University JMU Scholarly Commons Senior Honors Projects, 2010-current Honors College Spring 2017 An examination of early Jewish thought on the afterlife Robert E. Graham III James Madison University Follow this and additional works at: https://commons.lib.jmu.edu/honors201019 Part of the Biblical Studies Commons Recommended Citation Graham, Robert E. III, "An examination of early Jewish thought on the afterlife" (2017). Senior Honors Projects, 2010-current. 280. https://commons.lib.jmu.edu/honors201019/280 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Honors College at JMU Scholarly Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Senior Honors Projects, 2010-current by an authorized administrator of JMU Scholarly Commons. For more information, please contact dc_admin@jmu.edu. An Examination of Early Jewish Thought on the Afterlife _______________________ An Honors College Project Presented to the Faculty of the Undergraduate College of Arts & Letters James Madison University _______________________ by Robert Eugene Graham III May 2017 Accepted by the faculty of the Department of Philosophy & Religion, James Madison University, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Honors College. FACULTY COMMITTEE: HONORS COLLEGE APPROVAL: Project Advisor: Alan Kirk, Ph.D. Bradley R. Newcomer, Ph.D., Professor, Philosophy & Religion Dean, Honors College Reader: Frances Flannery, Ph.D. Professor, Philosophy & Religion Reader: Stephen Chappell, Ph.D. Associate Professor, History PUBLIC PRESENTATION This work is accepted for presentation, in part or in full, at the Honors Symposium on April 21, 2017. Table of Contents Acknowledgments 3 Introduction 5 Resurrection 9 Immortality of the Soul 16 No Vindication Beyond Sheol 20 Qumran and Predestination in Its Literature 25 Conclusion 38 Bibliography 40 2 Acknowledgments I would like to acknowledge and thank several people who have helped me accomplish the writing of this thesis.
    [Show full text]
  • Religion of Science-Fantasy Cults Martin Gardner
    Summer 1987 Vol. 7, No. 3 .40,11 Was the Universe Created? Victor Stenger The New Religion of Science-Fantasy Cults Martin Gardner The Relativity of Biblical Ethics Joe Edward Barnhart Plus "Pearlygate" Morality • New Directions for Humanism • Personal Paths to Humanism with Joseph Fletcher, Anne Gaylor, Rita Mae Brown, Ashley Montagu, and Mario Bunge • Tyranny of the Creed by John Allegro _- FreeC SUMMER 1987, VOL. 7, NO. 3 ISSN 0272-0701 Contents 3 LETTERS TO THE EDITOR 9 PERSPECTIVE 10 ON THE BARRICADES 61 IN THE NAME OF GOD 62 CLASSIFIED 6 EDITORIALS "Pearlygate" Morality Paul Kurtz / New Directions for Humanism / Catholic Consistency at Any Cost Tom Flynn 12 The Tyranny of the Creed John Allegro BELIEF AND UNBELIEF AROUND THE WORLD 14 Japan and Biblical Religion Richard L. Rubenstein 21 Letter to a Missionary Ronn Nadeau ARTICLES 22 The Relativity of Biblical Ethics Joe Edward Barnhart 25 Xenoglossy and Glossolalia Don Laycock 26 Was the Universe Created? Victor Stenger 31 Science-Fantasy Religious Cults Martin Gardner PERSONAL PATHS TO HUMANISM 36 A Secular Humanist Confession Joseph Fletcher 37 Free from Religion Anne Nicol Gay!or 38 Surrender to Life Rita Mae Brown 40 As if Living and Loving Were One Ashley Montagu 42 Growing Up Agnostic in Argentina Mario Bunge 46 The Case Against Reincarnation (Part 4) Paul Edwards BOOKS 54 The Cult of Objectivism Nathaniel Branden 55 Propaganda Before Education Gordon Stein 56 Critiquing the Old Unities Robert Basil Rita Mae Brown's and Ashler Montagu's articles are adapted by permission from The Courage of Conviction, edited by Philip Berman, published in hardcover by Dodd, Mead, and Company and in paperback by Ballantine Books.
    [Show full text]
  • Resurrection in Daniel 12 and Its Contribution to the Theology of the Book of Daniel
    Andrews University Digital Commons @ Andrews University Dissertations Graduate Research 1996 Resurrection in Daniel 12 and its Contribution to the Theology of the Book of Daniel Artur A. Stele Andrews University Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.andrews.edu/dissertations Part of the Biblical Studies Commons, and the Religious Thought, Theology and Philosophy of Religion Commons Recommended Citation Stele, Artur A., "Resurrection in Daniel 12 and its Contribution to the Theology of the Book of Daniel" (1996). Dissertations. 148. https://digitalcommons.andrews.edu/dissertations/148 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate Research at Digital Commons @ Andrews University. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons @ Andrews University. For more information, please contact repository@andrews.edu. Thank you for your interest in the Andrews University Digital Library of Dissertations and Theses. Please honor the copyright of this document by not duplicating or distributing additional copies in any form without the author’s express written permission. Thanks for your cooperation. INFORMATION TO USERS This manuscript has been reproduced from the microfilm master. UMI films the text directly from the original or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and dissertation copies are in typewriter face, while others may be from any type of computer printer. The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleedthrough, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted.
    [Show full text]
  • Saharan Africa: the Igbo Paradigm
    Journal of International Education and Leadership Volume 5 Issue 1 Spring 2015 http://www.jielusa.org/ ISSN: 2161-7252 The Re-Birth of African Moral Traditions as Key to the Development of Sub- Saharan Africa: The Igbo Paradigm Chika J. B. Gabriel Okpalike Nnamdi Azikiwe University This work is set against the backdrop of the Sub-Saharan African environment observed to be morally degenerative. It judges that the level of decadence in the continent that could even amount to depravity could be blamed upon the disconnect between the present-day African and a moral tradition that has been swept under the carpet through history; this tradition being grounded upon a world view. World-view lies at the basis of the interpretation and operation of the world. It is the foundation of culture, religion, philosophy, morality and so forth; an attempt of humans to impose an order in which the human society works.1 Most times when the African world-view is discussed, the Africa often thought of and represented is the Africa as before in which it is very likely to see religion and community feature as two basic characters of Africa from which morality can be sifted. In his popular work Things Fall Apart, Chinua Achebe had above all things shown that this old Africa has been replaced by a new breed and things cannot be the same again. In the first instance, the former African communalism in which the community was the primary beneficiary of individual wealth has been wrestled down by capitalism in which the individual is defined by the extent in which he accumulates surplus value.
    [Show full text]
  • Aug 2020 Vol 44 No 3
    Evangelical Review of Theology A Global Forum Volume 44 • Number 3 • August 2020 Published by Printed by To order hard copies, contact orders@wipfandstock.com ISSN: 0144-8153 Volume 44 No. 3 August 2020 Copyright © 2020 World Evangelical Alliance Department of Theological Concerns (Theological Commission) The free pdf of this journal is distributed under the following conditions: The pdf may not be sold or used for profit except with written consent. The pdf may be printed only for private use, not for profit. The only printed copies that may be used in public are those obtained from the publisher, Wipf & Stock. General Editor: Thomas Schirrmacher Executive Editor: Bruce Barron Assistant Editor: Thomas K. Johnson Book Review Editor: Peirong Lin Committee Executive Committee of the WEA Theological Commission Dr Rosalee V. Ewell, Brazil, Executive Director Dr Thomas Schirrmacher, Germany, Executive Chair Dr James O. Nkansah, Kenya, Vice-Chair Editorial Policy The articles in the Evangelical Review of Theology (ERT) reflect the opinions of the authors and reviewers and do not necessarily represent those of the Editors or the Publisher. The Editors welcome both unsolicited submissions and recommendations of original or previously published articles or book reviews for inclusion in ERT. Manuscripts, reviews, queries and other communications may be addressed to the Executive Editor at bruce.barron0@gmail.com. Printed by Wipf and Stock Publishers 199 West 8th Avenue, Eugene, OR 97401 wipfandstock.com ERT (2020) 44:3, 195 Table of Contents Welcome to the New ERT . .196 How to Advance the Kingdom of God without Travelling WEA Secretary General Efraim Tendero .
    [Show full text]
  • Cth 821 Course Title: African Traditional Religious Mythology and Cosmology
    NATIONAL OPEN UNIVERSITY OF NIGERIA SCHOOL OF ARTS AND SOCIAL SCIENCES COURSE CODE: CTH 821 COURSE TITLE: AFRICAN TRADITIONAL RELIGIOUS MYTHOLOGY AND COSMOLOGY 1 Course Code: CTH 821 Course Title: African Traditional Religious Mythology and Cosmology Course Developer: Rev. Fr. Dr. Michael .N. Ushe Department of Christian Theology School of Arts and Social Sciences National Open University of Nigeria, Lagos Course Writer: Rev. Fr. Dr. Michael .N. Ushe Department of Christian Theology School of Arts and Social Sciences National Open University of Nigeria, Lagos Programme Leader: Rev. Fr. Dr. Michael .N. Ushe Department of Christian Theology School of Arts and Social Sciences National Open University of Nigeria, Lagos Course Title: CTH 821 AFRICAN TRADITIONAL RELIGIOUS MYTHOLOGY AND COSMOLOGY COURSE DEVELOPER/WRITER: Rev. Fr. Dr. Ushe .N. Michael 2 National Open University of Nigeria, Lagos COURSE MODERATOR: Rev. Fr. Dr. Mike Okoronkwo National Open University of Nigeria, Lagos PROGRAMME LEADER: Rev. Fr. Dr. Ushe .N. Michael National Open University of Nigeria, Lagos CONTENTS PAGE Introduction…………………………………………………………………………………… …...i What you will learn in this course…………………………………………………………….…i-ii 3 Course Aims………………………………………………………..……………………………..ii Course objectives……………………………………………………………………………...iii-iii Working Through this course…………………………………………………………………….iii Course materials…………………………………………………………………………..……iv-v Study Units………………………………………………………………………………………..v Set Textbooks…………………………………………………………………………………….vi Assignment File…………………………………………………………………………………..vi
    [Show full text]