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JVP 26(3) September 2006—ABSTRACTS
Neoceti Symposium, Saturday 8:45 acid-prepared osteolepiforms Medoevia and Gogonasus has offered strong support for BODY SIZE AND CRYPTIC TROPHIC SEPARATION OF GENERALIZED Jarvik’s interpretation, but Eusthenopteron itself has not been reexamined in detail. PIERCE-FEEDING CETACEANS: THE ROLE OF FEEDING DIVERSITY DUR- Uncertainty has persisted about the relationship between the large endoskeletal “fenestra ING THE RISE OF THE NEOCETI endochoanalis” and the apparently much smaller choana, and about the occlusion of upper ADAM, Peter, Univ. of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA; JETT, Kristin, Univ. of and lower jaw fangs relative to the choana. California, Davis, Davis, CA; OLSON, Joshua, Univ. of California, Los Angeles, Los A CT scan investigation of a large skull of Eusthenopteron, carried out in collaboration Angeles, CA with University of Texas and Parc de Miguasha, offers an opportunity to image and digital- Marine mammals with homodont dentition and relatively little specialization of the feeding ly “dissect” a complete three-dimensional snout region. We find that a choana is indeed apparatus are often categorized as generalist eaters of squid and fish. However, analyses of present, somewhat narrower but otherwise similar to that described by Jarvik. It does not many modern ecosystems reveal the importance of body size in determining trophic parti- receive the anterior coronoid fang, which bites mesial to the edge of the dermopalatine and tioning and diversity among predators. We established relationships between body sizes of is received by a pit in that bone. The fenestra endochoanalis is partly floored by the vomer extant cetaceans and their prey in order to infer prey size and potential trophic separation of and the dermopalatine, restricting the choana to the lateral part of the fenestra. -
A New Large Pliocene Colobine Species (Mammalia: Primates)
Geobios 39 (2006) 57–69 http://france.elsevier.com/direct/GEOBIO/ A new large Pliocene colobine species (Mammalia: Primates) from Asa Issie, Ethiopia Une nouvelle espèce de grand colobiné (Mammalia : Primates) du Pliocène d’Asa Issie en Éthiopie Leslea J. Hlusko * Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, 3060 Valley Life Sciences Building, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA Received 16 February 2004; accepted 29 September 2004 Available online 28 October 2005 Abstract The Colobinae (Mammalia: Primates) are relatively unknown from the African middle to late Miocene. When they appear in the Pliocene they are unambiguous and already fairly diverse taxonomically, geographically, and ecologically. Discoveries from Pliocene sediments in eastern and southern Africa document a radiation of large-bodied colobines very different from those known today. Paleontological research in Ethiopia has recently led to the discovery and identification of another large-bodied colobine species from the early Pliocene site of Asa Issie, discovered in 2000. This new colobine is larger than but morphologically very similar to its sister taxon Kuseracolobus aramisi, an older taxon also described from the Middle Awash. This new species has significant implications for our understanding of the Pliocene colobine adaptive radiation. © 2005 Elsevier SAS. All rights reserved. Résumé Les Colobinae (Mammalia : Primates) sont très mal connus en Afrique au Miocène moyen et récent. Au cours du Pliocène, ils deviennent clairement identifiables et déjà relativement diversifiés sur les plans taxonomique, géographique et écologique. Les découvertes effectuées dans les sédiments pliocènes d’Afrique de l’Est et du Sud permettent de documenter une radiation de colobinés de grande taille, très différents de ceux connus aujourd’hui. -
Morphoarchitectural Variation in South African Fossil Cercopithecoid Endocasts
Journal of Human Evolution 101 (2016) 65e78 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Journal of Human Evolution journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/jhevol Morphoarchitectural variation in South African fossil cercopithecoid endocasts * Amelie Beaudet a, b, , Jean Dumoncel b, c, Frikkie de Beer d, Benjamin Duployer e, Stanley Durrleman f, Emmanuel Gilissen g, h, Jakobus Hoffman d, Christophe Tenailleau e, John Francis Thackeray i, Jose Braga b, i a Department of Anatomy, University of Pretoria, PO Box 2034, Pretoria 0001, South Africa b Laboratoire d'Anthropologie Moleculaire et Imagerie de Synthese, UMR 5288 CNRS-Universite de Toulouse (Paul Sabatier), 37 Allees Jules Guesde, 31073 Toulouse Cedex 3, France c Institut de Recherche en Informatique de Toulouse, UMR 5505 CNRS-Universite de Toulouse (Paul Sabatier), 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse Cedex 9, France d Radiation Science Department, South African Nuclear Energy Corporation, Pelindaba, North West Province, South Africa e Centre Inter-universitaire de Recherche et d’Ingenierie des Materiaux, UMR 5085 CNRS-Universite de Toulouse (Paul Sabatier), 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse Cedex 9, France f Aramis Team, INRIA Paris, Sorbonne Universites, UPMC Universite Paris 06 UMR S 1127, Inserm U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle epiniere, 47 boulevard de l'hopital,^ 75013 Paris, France g Department of African Zoology, Royal Museum for Central Africa, Leuvensesteenweg, 3080 Tervuren, Belgium h Laboratory of Histology and Neuropathology, Universite Libre -
Old World Monkeys
OLD WORLD MONKEYS Edited by Paul F. Whitehead and Clifford J. Jolly The Pitt Building, Trumpington Street, Cambridge CB2 1RP, United Kingdom The Edinburgh Building, Cambridge CB2 2RU, UK http://www.cup.cam.ac.uk 40 West 20th Street, New York, NY 10011-4211, USA http://www.cup.org 10 Stamford Road, Oakleigh, Melbourne 3166, Australia Ruiz de Alarco´n 13, 28014 Madrid, Spain © Cambridge University Press 2000 This book is in copyright. Subject to statutory exception and to the provisions of relevant collective licensing agreements, no reproduction of any part may take place without the written permission of Cambridge University Press. First published 2000 Printed in the United Kingdom at the University Press, Cambridge Typeface Times NR 10/13pt. System QuarkXPress® [] A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Library of Congress Cataloguing in Publication data Old world monkeys / edited by Paul F. Whitehead & Clifford J. Jolly. p. cm. ISBN 0 521 57124 3 (hardcover) 1. Cercopithecidae. I. Whitehead, Paul F. (Paul Frederick), 1954– . II. Jolly, Clifford J., 1939– . QL737.P930545 2000 599.8Ј6–dc21 99-20192 CIP ISBN 0 521 57124 3 hardback Contents List of contributors page vii Preface x 1 Old World monkeys: three decades of development and change in the study of the Cercopithecoidea Clifford J. Jolly and Paul F. Whitehead 1 2 The molecular systematics of the Cercopithecidae Todd R. Disotell 29 3 Molecular genetic variation and population structure in Papio baboons Jeffrey Rogers 57 4 The phylogeny of the Cercopithecoidea Colin P. Groves 77 5 Ontogeny of the nasal capsule in cercopithecoids: a contribution to the comparative and evolutionary morphology of catarrhines Wolfgang Maier 99 6 Old World monkey origins and diversification: an evolutionary study of diet and dentition Brenda R. -
Areas 1- Ern Africa
Kroeber Anthropological Society Papers, Nos. 71-72, 1990 Diet, Species Diversity and Distribution of African Fossil Baboons Brenda R. Benefit and Monte L. McCrossin Based on measurements ofmolarfeatures shown to befunctionally correlated with the proportions of fruits and leaves in the diets ofextant monkeys, Plio-Pleistocenepapionin baboonsfrom southern Africa are shown to have included more herbaceous resources in their diets and to have exploited more open country habitats than did the highlyfrugivorousforest dwelling eastern African species. The diets ofall species offossil Theropithecus are reconstructed to have included morefruits than the diets ofextant Theropithecus gelada. Theropithecus brumpti, T. quadratirostris and T. darti have greater capacitiesfor shearing, thinner enamel and less emphases on the transverse component ofmastication than T. oswaldi, and are therefore interpreted to have consumed leaves rather than grass. Since these species are more ancient than the grass-eating, more open country dwelling T. oswaldi, the origin ofthe genus Thero- pithecus is attributed tofolivorous adaptations by largepapionins inforest environments rather than to savannah adapted grass-eaters. Reconstructions ofdiet and habitat are used to explain differences in the relative abundance and diversity offossil baboons in eastern andsouthern Africa. INTRODUCTION abundance between eastern and southern Africa is observed for members of the Papionina (Papio, Interpretations of the dietary habits of fossil Cercocebus, Parapapio, Gorgopithecus, and Old World monkeys have been based largely on Dinopithecus). [We follow Szalay and Delson analogies to extant mammals with lophodont teeth (1979) in recognizing two tribes of cercopithe- (Jolly 1970; Napier 1970; Delson 1975; Andrews cines, Cercopithecini and Papionini, and three 1981; Andrews and Aiello 1984; Temerin and subtribes of the Papionini: Theropithecina (gela- Cant 1983). -
1 Aazpa Librarians Special Interest Group
AAZPA LIBRARIANS SPECIAL INTEREST GROUP BIBLIOGRAPHY SERVICE The bibliography is provided as a service of the AAZPA LIBRARIANS SPECIAL INTEREST GROUP and THE CONSORTIUM OF AQUARIUMS, UNIVERSITIES AND ZOOS. TITLE: DRILL (Mandrillus leucophaeus) AUTHOR & INSTITUTION: Greta K. Conover Conservation/Research Coordinator Knoxville Zoological Gardens DATE: March 1989 Andrew, R.J. 1963. The origin and evolution of the calls and facial expressions of the primates. Behaviour, 20:1-109. Anon. No date. "Infant Drill Gives Mother Self-Assurance." A popular article about drills at the Hannover, West Germany, Zoo. [Translation available from Gail Hearn.] Baldwin, L.A. and G. Teleki. 1972. Field research on baboons, drills, and geladas: An historical, geographical and bibliographical listing. Primates, 13:427-432. Bernstein, I.S. 1970. Some behavioral elements of the Cercopithecoides. In: J.R. Napier and P.H. Napier, eds. Old World Monkeys: Evolution, Systematics and Behavior. New York:Academic Press. Bittner, S.L., M.L. Boatwright, and R.L. Jachowski. 1978. Convention on international trade in endangered species of wild fauna and flora. In: Annual Report for 1977 Wildlife Permit Office. Washington, D.C.: USDI, US Government Printing Office. 77pp. Boer, M. 1987a. International studbook for the drill (Mandrillus leucophaeus). ------. 1987b. Beobachtungen zur Fortpflanzung und zum Verhalten des drill (Mandrillus leucophaeus Ritgen, 1824) im Zoo Hannover. Zeitschrift Saugetierkunde, 52:265-281. [An excellent and complete English translation of this article is available from Cathleen Cox at the Los Angeles Zoo.] -------. 1987c. Recent advances in drill research and conservation. Primate Conservation (IUCN/SCC Primate Specialist Group Newsletter), 8:55-57. Bolwig, N. 1978. Communicative signals and social behavior of some African monkeys: A comparative study. -
1 Old World Monkeys
2003. 5. 23 Dr. Toshio MOURI Old World monkey Although Old World monkey, as a word, corresponds to New World monkey, its taxonomic rank is much lower than that of the New World Monkey. Therefore, it is speculated that the last common ancestor of Old World monkeys is newer compared to that of New World monkeys. While New World monkey is the vernacular name for infraorder Platyrrhini, Old World Monkey is the vernacular name for superfamily Cercopithecoidea (family Cercopithecidae is limited to living species). As a side note, the taxon including Old World Monkey at the same taxonomic level as New World Monkey is infraorder Catarrhini. Catarrhini includes Hominoidea (humans and apes), as well as Cercopithecoidea. Cercopithecoidea comprises the families Victoriapithecidae and Cercopithecidae. Victoriapithecidae is fossil primates from the early to middle Miocene (15-20 Ma; Ma = megannum = 1 million years ago), with known genera Prohylobates and Victoriapithecus. The characteristic that defines the Old World Monkey (as synapomorphy – a derived character shared by two or more groups – defines a monophyletic taxon), is the bilophodonty of the molars, but the development of biphilophodonty in Victoriapithecidae is still imperfect, and crista obliqua is observed in many maxillary molars (as well as primary molars). (Benefit, 1999; Fleagle, 1999) Recently, there is an opinion that Prohylobates should be combined with Victoriapithecus. Living Old World Monkeys are all classified in the family Cercopithecidae. Cercopithecidae comprises the subfamilies Cercopithecinae and Colobinae. Cercopithecinae has a buccal pouch, and Colobinae has a complex, or sacculated, stomach. It is thought that the buccal pouch is an adaptation for quickly putting rare food like fruit into the mouth, and the complex stomach is an adaptation for eating leaves. -
Fosil Primatlar 13. Hafta Kaynak
ANT439- Outline Fosil Eski Dünya Maymunları Fosil Primatlar ANT439- Fosil Primatlar Takım Primat Semiorder Haplorhini Alt Takım Anthropoidea ANT439- Infraorder Catarrhini Üst aile Fosil Proconculoidea Propliopithecoidea Incertae Sedis Pliopithecoidea (Erken anthropoid) Primatlar Cercopithecoidea Hominoidea (Old World monkey) Eski Dünya Maymunları ANT439- Fosil Primatlar Fosil Eski Dünya Maymunları ANT439- Fosil Primatlar The modern Old World, showing fossil monkey localities from the Miocene, Pliocene, and Pleistocene. Takım Primat Semiorder Haplorhini Alt Takım Anthropoidea ANT439- Infraorder Catarrhini Üst aile Fosil Proconculoidea Propliopithecoidea Incertae Sedis Pliopithecoidea (Erken anthropoid) Primatlar Cercopithecoidea Hominoidea (Old World monkey) bilophodont molars ANT439- Fosil ischial callosities Primatlar Takım Primat Semiorder Haplorhini Alt Takım Anthropoidea ANT439- Infraorder Catarrhini Cercopithecoidea Üst aile Fosil Aile Primatlar Cercopithecidae Victoriapithecidae Incertae sedis Alt aile Cercopithecinae Colobinae THE EARLIEST OLD WORLD MONKEYS • VictoriapithecidsANT439-are currently placed in four genera. • Prohylobates Fosil • Zaltanpithecus simonsi • Victoriapithecus macinnesi Primatlar • Noropithecus Takım Primat Semiorder Haplorhini Alt Takım Anthropoidea ANT439- Infraorder Catarrhini Üst aile Fosil Proconculoidea Propliopithecoidea Incertae Sedis Pliopithecoidea (Erken anthropoid) Primatlar Cercopithecoidea Hominoidea (Old World monkey) Takım Primat Semiorder Haplorhini Alt Takım Anthropoidea ANT439- Infraorder -
The Ecological Context of the Early Pleistocene Hominin Dispersal to Asia
THE ECOLOGICAL CONTEXT OF THE EARLY PLEISTOCENE HOMININ DISPERSAL TO ASIA by Robin Louise Teague A.B. in Anthropology, 2001, Harvard University A dissertation submitted to The Faculty of The Columbian College of Arts and Sciences of The George Washington University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy August 31, 2009 Dissertation directed by Richard Potts Curator of Physical Anthropology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution Alison S. Brooks Professor of Anthropology The Columbian College of Arts and Sciences of The George Washington University certifies that Robin Louise Teague has passed the Final Examination for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy as of June 16, 2009. This is the final and approved form of the dissertation. THE ECOLOGICAL CONTEXT OF THE EARLY PLEISTOCENE HOMININ DISPERSAL TO ASIA Robin Louise Teague Dissertation Research Committee: Richard Potts, Curator of Physical Anthropology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Dissertation Co-Director Alison S. Brooks, Professor of Anthropology, Co-Director Lars Werdelin, Senior Curator, Swedish Museum of Natural History, Committee Member ii © Copyright 2009 by Robin Louise Teague All rights reserved iii Acknowledgments I would like to acknowledge a number of people who have helped me and guided me through the process of writing my dissertation. First, I would like to thank my committee: Rick Potts, Alison Brooks, Lars Werdelin, Margaret Lewis and Brian Richmond. My advisor, Rick Potts, led me into a stimulating area of research and supported me in pursuing a large and ambitious project. He has encouraged me all through the time I have worked on this dissertation. -
Dietary Reconstruction of Pygmy Mammoths from Santa Rosa Island of California
Quaternary International xxx (2015) 1e14 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Quaternary International journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/quaint Dietary reconstruction of pygmy mammoths from Santa Rosa Island of California * Gina M. Semprebon a, , Florent Rivals b, c, d, Julia M. Fahlke e, William J. Sanders f, Adrian M. Lister g, Ursula B. Gohlich€ h a Bay Path University, Longmeadow, MA, USA b Institucio Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain c Institut Catala de Paleoecologia Humana i Evolucio Social (IPHES), Tarragona, Spain d Area de Prehistoria, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Tarragona, Spain e Museum für Naturkunde, Leibniz-Institut für Evolutions- und Biodiversitatsforschung,€ Berlin, Germany f Museum of Paleontology and Department of Anthropology, University of Michigan, MI, USA g Natural History Museum, London, UK h Natural History Museum of Vienna, Vienna, Austria article info abstract Article history: Microwear analyses have proven to be reliable for elucidating dietary differences in taxa with similar Available online xxx gross tooth morphologies. We analyzed enamel microwear of a large sample of Channel Island pygmy mammoth (Mammuthus exilis) molars from Santa Rosa Island, California and compared our results to Keywords: those of extant proboscideans, extant ungulates, and mainland fossil mammoths and mastodons from Island Rule North America and Europe. Our results show a distinct narrowing in mammoth dietary niche space after Niche occupation mainland mammoths colonized Santa Rosa as M. exilis became more specialized on browsing on leaves Proboscidea and twigs than the Columbian mammoth and modern elephant pattern of switching more between Tooth microwear Paleodiet browse and grass. Scratch numbers and scratch width scores support this interpretation as does the Pleistocene vegetation history of Santa Rosa Island whereby extensive conifer forests were available during the last glacial when M. -
New Species of Cercopithecoides from Haasgat, North West Province, South Africa
Journal of Human Evolution 60 (2011) 83e93 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Journal of Human Evolution journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/jhevol New species of Cercopithecoides from Haasgat, North West Province, South Africa Jeffrey K. McKee a,b,*, Acacia von Mayer c, Kevin L. Kuykendall d a Department of Anthropology, The Ohio State University, 4034 Smith Laboratory, 174W. 18th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210-1106, USA b Department of Evolution, Ecology, and Organismal Biology, The Ohio State University, USA c School of Anatomical Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, 7 York Road, Parktown 2193, South Africa d Department of Archaeology, University of Sheffield, Northgate House, West street, S1 4ET, Sheffield, UK article info abstract Article history: Analyses of new cercopithecid fossil specimens from the South African site of Haasgat point to cranio- Received 27 August 2008 facial affinities with the genus Cercopithecoides. Detailed metric and non-metric comparisons with South Accepted 28 August 2010 African Cercopithecoides williamsi, and other East African Cercopithecoides species, Cercopithecoides kimeui, Cercopithecoides meaveae, Cercopithecoides kerioensis, and Cercopithecoides alemyehui demon- Keywords: strate that the Haasgat fossils have distinct craniofacial morphology and dental metrics. Specifically, Cercopithecoides material from Haasgat probably represents one of the smaller Cercopithecoides, differing from the others Haasgat in its particular suite of features that vary within the genus. It is unique in its more vertical ramus, South Africa Pleistocene associated with a relatively lengthened mandibular body. Haasgat Cercopithecoides has a particularly narrow interorbital region between relatively larger ovoid orbits, with articulation of the maxillary bones at a suture above the triangular nasal bones. Furthermore, the maxillary arcade is more rounded than other Cercopithecoides, converging at the M2 and M3. -
First Description of in Situ Primate and Faunal Remains from the Plio-Pleistocene Drimolen Makondo Palaeocave Infill, Gauteng, South Africa
Palaeontologia Electronica palaeo-electronica.org First description of in situ primate and faunal remains from the Plio-Pleistocene Drimolen Makondo palaeocave infill, Gauteng, South Africa Douglass S. Rovinsky, Andy I.R. Herries, Colin G. Menter, and Justin W. Adams ABSTRACT The Drimolen palaeocave system has been actively excavated since the 1990s and has produced a demographically-diverse record of Paranthropus robustus, early Homo, and a substantial record of early Pleistocene bone tools; all recovered from the Main Quarry, a single fossil bearing deposit within the system. Early surveys identified an isolated solution-tube 55 meters west of the Main Quarry filled with decalcified matrix and fossils (the Drimolen Makondo). Recent excavations into the Makondo have started to address the geology, depositional history, and faunas of the deposits; partic- ularly whether the Makondo represents a distant uneroded part of the Main Quarry infill, or deposits in-filled into a separate entrance within the same system. We present the first description of fossil macromammalian faunas from the Makondo, excavated 2013–2014. A total of 531 specimens were recovered, 268 (50.5%) of which are taxo- nomically identifiable. The resulting list is diverse given the sample size and includes primate and carnivore taxa frequently recovered at other terminal Pliocene and earlier Pleistocene localities, as well as more rarely encountered species and elements like the first postcranial remains of the hunting hyaenid (Chasmaporthetes ?nitidula) from the Cradle. While some of the Makondo fauna overlaps with taxa recovered from the Main Quarry, there are key differences between the described samples that may reflect differences in the age of the deposits and/or taphonomic processes between these deposits at Drimolen.