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Traditional Healing and Medical Pluralism in an Ohio Amish Community

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Traditional Healing and Medical Pluralism in an Ohio Amish Community Georgia State University ScholarWorks @ Georgia State University Anthropology Theses Department of Anthropology Fall 12-17-2014 Traditional Healing and Medical Pluralism in an Ohio Amish Community Maeghan Dessecker Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.gsu.edu/anthro_theses Recommended Citation Dessecker, Maeghan, "Traditional Healing and Medical Pluralism in an Ohio Amish Community." Thesis, Georgia State University, 2014. https://scholarworks.gsu.edu/anthro_theses/84 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Department of Anthropology at ScholarWorks @ Georgia State University. It has been accepted for inclusion in Anthropology Theses by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks @ Georgia State University. For more information, please contact [email protected]. TRADITIONAL HEALING AND MEDICAL PLURALISM IN AN OHIO AMISH COMMUNITY by MAEGHAN BREANNE DESSECKER Under the Direction of Dr. Cassandra White ABSTRACT This study examines the unique cultural practices related to disease prevention and health maintenance within a Holmes County, Ohio Amish community. This research focuses on the many options for healthcare within this community and the decisions behind their use. By engaging with these Amish community members to discuss their methods of managing health, the non-Amish medical professionals who treat Amish patients can learn cultural understandings of health within the community. As we learn that there are useful techniques to health beyond the dominant biomedical model, it is valuable to incorporate more traditional methods into our existing healthcare in to boost compliance and comfort for those seeking medical help. INDEX WORDS: Amish, Medical pluralism, Alternative medicine, Complimentary medicine, Traditional medicine; Powwow; Reflexology; CAM TRADITIONAL HEALING AND MEDICAL PLURALISM IN AN OHIO AMISH COMMUNITY by MAEGHAN BREANNE DESSECKER A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Masters of Arts in the College of Arts and Sciences Georgia State University 2014 Copyright by Maeghan Breanne Dessecker 2014 TRADITIONAL HEALING AND MEDICAL PLURALISM IN AN OHIO AMISH COMMUNITY by MAEGHAN BREANNE DESSECKER Committee Chair: Cassandra White Committee: Bethany Turner-Livermore Kathryn Kozaitis Electronic Version Approved: Office of Graduate Studies College of Arts and Sciences Georgia State University December 2014 iv DEDICATION None of this research would have been remotely possible without the help of my paternal grandfather Melvin Dessecker, my paternal great-uncle Kenny Walter, my advisor Dr. Cassandra White, and the Dale Beachy family. Grandpa, your unfaltering love and support through these past three years have really encouraged me to reach for the stars and beyond. Thank you for constantly going out of your way to actively help me do my research, I will never be able to thank you enough. Uncle Kenny, thank you for all of your tireless efforts to make this research a huge success, none of this would have been remotely possible if it were not for you. Dr. White, your constant support and encouragement have truly made me realize my potential, not just as an anthropologist but also as a human being. I owe both of my college degrees and this entire research project to you, because without your reassurance, constant motivation, and confidence in me, I could not be the anthropologist that I am today. Lastly, I would like to thank the Beachy family. You have all offered me nothing but warmth, kindness, and friendship throughout this entire project and I cannot thank you enough for all of your love. When this research started out in 2011, I never could have imagined the amount of encouragement and support that you all have given me. In the beginning, I was so nervous that I would not be accepted into your community; however, not only did you all accept me with open arms, but you have also shown me what it truly means to be Amish. I now know that being Amish is not about the restrictions or resisting modernity; being Amish is about nurturing a community, fostering hope and faith, and truly loving all of God’s creations. Thank you for teaching me the most valuable lessons I will ever learn and for being the most phenomenal friends. Much love to each and every one of you, from the bottom of my heart. v ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS My research would not have been possible without the guidance and support of: Charles E. Hurst and David L. McConnell’s 2010 An Amish Paradox, Donald B. Kraybill and his colleagues’ 2012 The Amish, the rest of my thesis committee Dr. Bethany Turner-Livermore and Dr. Kathryn Kozaitis, my parents Laura and Eric Dessecker, my graduate school colleagues JohnieSue Thurman and Jessica Glass, Dr. Elton Leyman, Dr. Dan Miller, the Spring Haven Counseling Center, the Mount Eaton Care Center, and all of the other practitioners (who shall remain nameless) who have helped me to show the importance of Amish healthcare and healing. Your help over the past several years has been greatly appreciated. vi TABLE OF CONTENTS DEDICATION ............................................................................................................................ iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ............................................................................................................. v LIST OF TABLES ...................................................................................................................... viii LIST OF FIGURES ...................................................................................................................... ix 1 INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................. 1 1.1 Origins of the Study ........................................................................................................ 1 1.2 History and Aversion to Modernity ................................................................................. 5 1.3 My Research Setting: An Ohio Amish Community ......................................................... 10 1.4 Primary Research Questions and Purpose of the Study ................................................. 11 2 THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK ............................................................................................. 13 2.1 Medical Pluralism ......................................................................................................... 13 2.1.1 Understanding Biomedicine as the Dominant Medical System in the U.S. ............... 16 2.2 Amish Choices and the Use of Medical Pluralism ........................................................... 17 2.2.1 The Aversion to Formal Insurance and the Rising Cost of Medical Care: A Reason Behind Amish Use of Medical Pluralism ....................................................................................... 20 2.3 Importance of Traditional Health Care .......................................................................... 22 2.4 Existing Data on Amish Health ...................................................................................... 24 2.5 Prevalence of Genetic Illness ......................................................................................... 26 2.5.1 Population Isolates and the Founders’ Effect .......................................................... 26 2.5.2 Genetic Illnesses Affecting the Amish Population .................................................... 28 vii 3 RESEARCH METHODS ........................................................................................................ 31 3.1 Recruitment and Gaining Access ................................................................................... 31 3.2 Participant Observation, Engagement, and IntervieWs .................................................. 33 3.3 Ethnographies ............................................................................................................... 34 4 TRADITIONAL PRACTICES OF HEALING AMONG THE AMISH ............................................. 35 4.1 The Role of Chiropractors .......................................................................................... 35 4.1.1 Amish Chiropractors ............................................................................................ 35 4.1.2 My Visit with an Amish Chiropractor: An Ethnographical Approach ....................... 36 4.2 Spiritual Healing ........................................................................................................ 38 4.2.1 Decline of Powwow .............................................................................................. 39 4.2.2 Amish Chiropractors and Healing Hands: An Ethnography ..................................... 40 4.3 Reflexology ............................................................................................................... 42 4.3.1 Your Feet Don’t Lie: An Ethnography ..................................................................... 43 4.4 Mental Health ........................................................................................................... 45 4.4.1 Spring Haven Counseling Center Visit: An Ethnography ............................................. 48 4.5 Maternal Health ........................................................................................................ 49 4.5.1 Mount Eaton Care Center ..................................................................................... 51 4.6 Medical Doctors ......................................................................................................
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