DOCSLIB.ORG

Conservation Advice on 15/07/2016

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Conservation Advice on 15/07/2016 THREATENED SPECIES SCIENTIFIC COMMITTEE Established under the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 The Minister’s delegate approved this Conservation Advice on 15/07/2016. Conservation Advice Ranunculus anemoneus anemone buttercup Conservation Status Ranunculus anemoneus (anemone buttercup) is listed as Vulnerable under the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (Cwlth) (EPBC Act) effective from the 16 July 2000. The species was eligible for listing under the EPBC Act at that time as, immediately prior to the commencement of the EPBC Act, it was listed as Vulnerable under Schedule 1 of the Endangered Species Protection Act 1992 (Cwlth). Species can also be listed as threatened under state and territory legislation. For information on the listing status of this species under relevant state or territory legislation, see http://www.environment.gov.au/cgi-bin/sprat/public/sprat.pl The main factors that are the cause of the species being eligible for listing in the Vulnerable category are historic herbivory by introduced species, climate change impacting on distribution and suitable habitat, competition by exotic plant species, and habitat fragmentation. The 2001 recovery plan for this species noted anecdotal evidence to suggest some recovery was occurring (NSW NPWS, 2001); a 2008 review confirmed the species was “more abundant and widely distributed than thought at the commencement of the Plan.” (Kerswell Bain & Tolley 2008) Description The anemone buttercup (family Ranunculaceae) is a robust, perennial herb that sends out roots from a horizontal underground stem (rhizome). The leaves at its base are large (up to 8 cm wide), leathery and deeply cleft into multiple spreading lobes. Its leaves are stalkless and clasp to the stem. The anemone buttercup produces creamy white flowers soon after snow melt, which are up to 6 cm in diameter. Numerous fruits are produced, densely clustered in a head to 1.5 cm in diameter, forming a prominent beak. A more detailed description can be found in Costin et al. (2000). Distribution At least 32 extant populations of anemone buttercup are distributed in a narrow band (about 8 km in diameter) along the Great Dividing Range. Area of Occupancy for the anemone buttercup is 88km2, with an overall extent of occurrence of 328km2 in New South Wales. Within its range, the anemone buttercup occurs in six disjunct areas: the Main Range between Mt Kosciuszko and Mt Twynam (which contains most records); the Charlottes Pass resort; the Mt Perisher – Mt Blue Cow area; the Guthega – Mt Tate area; the Schlink Pass – Gungarten Pass area; and a single record from South Rams Head. Most records are from above the treeline (the alpine zone, i.e. above 1900 m), although there are a few records from at or just below the treeline (to as low as 1600 m). Relevant Biology/Ecology Little is known about the biology and ecology of the anemone buttercup. Habitat notes accompanying herbarium records suggest that the species generally occurs in environments Ranunculus anemoneus (Anemone Buttercup) Conservation Advice Page 1 of 8 with late melting snow (south to east facing, steep grassy slopes, rocky crevices, and short alpine herbfields) (NSW NPWS 2001). The species has also been collected along watercourses, in grassland, heathland (below snow patches) and on roadside batters (slopes). Soils at anemone buttercup sites include loams (alpine humus soils), peats and decomposing granite (NSW NPWS 2001). The anemone buttercup is capable of colonising areas of advanced soil erosion, and may occur among stones (Costin et al., 2000). The anemone buttercup flowers early (prior to January), soon after a snow melt. Costin et al., (2000) observe that the species can even flower “while still under the snow, evidently drawing upon reserves of food accumulated in roots and stems during the previous season.” Threats Table 1 – Threats impacting the anemone buttercup in approximate order of severity of risk, based on available evidence. Threat factor Threat type Evidence base and status Climate change Changes in known Owing to the ecological niche of this species, a climate snow cover future warming scenario corresponding to a reduction in snow cover would represent a significant future threat for the species, and increases the risks posed by proximate threats including predation and competition. Green (in Lindenmeyer et al., 2014) states that “Because of climate change, both increased regional warming and reduced snowfall, Australian snowpatch vegetation is one of the most threatened plant communities in the world.” and concludes “virtually all perceived threats to the mainland alpine ecosystem either result from climate change or are exacerbated by it.” (see also Worth et al., 2015) In a thesis which assessed changes in distribution for threatened plants in NSW under climate change scenarios using bioclimatic modelling, a reduction was predicted in distribution of the anemone buttercup that showed the population contracting so that its distribution was limited to within Kosciuszko National Park (Mason 2005). Grazing Introduced suspected The anemone buttercup’s palatability to grazers mean that any herbivores future potential increase in feral herbivores, such as horses, deer (rabbits and rabbits, may pose a significant threat. (Oryctolagus cuniculus), Green (in Lindenmeyer et al., 2014) states that hares currently hares (Lepus exist in the alpine environment and are increasing in numbers. spp.), horses Although dietary studies have revealed the hare is not (Equua ferus currently a major threat, ongoing monitoring is required. ), deer (Axis spp., Cervus spp. Dama spp.)) Cattle (Bos known Early flowering combined with attractiveness as a food source taurus) past for herbivorous species are thought to have contributed to the potential high impact of historic cattle grazing on the anemone future buttercup’s population and distribution (OEH 2016). Observations of grazing on anemone buttercup were made as Ranunculus anemoneus (Anemone buttercup) Conservation Advice Page 2 of 8 early as 1887, and by the 1950s it was observed the species had been “almost grazed out of existence” (Spehn, Liberman, Korner 2006 citing Costin 1954, 1958; see also Costin et al., 2000). Ranunculus anemoneus (Anemone buttercup) Conservation Advice Page 3 of 8 Habitat loss and fragmentation Habitat known Anemone buttercup’s distribution includes ski resort lease disturbance current areas. Development associated with ski resorts, such as slope associated grooming and the expansion of ski run and accommodation with ski facilities (NSW NPWS 2001) is likely to remain a contributing resorts factor to any future habitat loss and fragmentation for this species. The potential impact of ski development on the species may be greater than would be expected if the species was evenly distributed in the landscape because both ski resorts and the anemone buttercup have a preference for snow-retaining slopes. Competition Competition known A symptom of historic post grazing disturbance has been the with current/future introduction of exotic plant species to the alpine zone, having introduced risen from one non-native species observed in 1898, to 37 in species 1954 and 74 in 2004 (Spehn et al., 2006). Acetosella vulgare may be a threat to this species (pers. comm. Bunn 2016). Green notes invasion of escaped garden plants from ski resorts, and spread of seeds by walks from sub-alpine to alpine zones, or between alpine zones, as potential future issues for this species(in Lindenmeyer et al., 2014). Use of fire trucks during alpine fires may also introduce exotic species or disease into the ecosystem at a critically vulnerable juncture (Lindenmeyer et al., 2014). Fire Increased known Green suggests alpine areas are becoming increasingly frequency current vulnerable to fire, and highlights that alpine ecosystems are of fires. slower to recover from fire events than other communities (Lindenmeyer et al., 2014). Other human impacts Harvest, suspected The remarkable, large flowers of the anemone buttercup could trampling or current make them attractive to walkers and hikers. The portion of the other population occurring within ski resort lease areas is likely to be damage. the most at risk; however, there is not much evidence to suggest harvest or trampling to be more than a peripheral, potential threat. Most populations are some distance from walking tracks (NSW NPWS 2001). A greater use of resorts in summer may have an impact on populations beyond resort boundaries (NSW NPWS 2001). Ranunculus anemoneus (Anemone buttercup) Conservation Advice Page 4 of 8 Conservation Actions Conservation and Management priorities Climate change o Where recovery is found to be insufficient or where monitoring reveals that climate change is causing the anemone buttercup population to decrease, consider the use of snow fences to restore (or shore up) the amount of snow in key habitat, or insulating snow patches. Complete shading of plants to retain some of their competitive advantage in snowpatch communities has been suggested by Lindenmayer et al. (2014), and could be conducted where this action was deemed appropriate, considering the requirements of the species and the impact of such shading on the broader community. o Translocation to other suitable habitats within the species range was discussed in the recovery plan (NSW NPWS 2001). This strategy may be undertaken where it is determined there is suitable unoccupied habitat for the species. o The Intergovernmental
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Ten Peaks, Kosciuszko NP Adventure Facts
    Information 2021: Ten Peaks, Kosciuszko NP Adventure Facts: Dates: Various dates March 2021 Start & Finish at: Thredbo, NSW Duration: 4 days Lodge: 4 nights twin share Meals provided: 4 Breakfast; 4 Lunch; 4 Dinner Group Size: 10 -20 Activity split: 1 travel day, 4 days hiking Cost: $ 1,000 ex Thredbo Highlights: • Climb the ten highest peaks in Australia with Zac Zaharias, Mike Edmondson and other veteran Guides. They are some of Australia’s most experienced guides who provide expert leadership, high levels of safety and intimate knowledge of Australia’s high country. • Enjoy the comfort of a lodge-based trek in the heart of Thredbo allowing a warm shower at the end of each day and a relaxing drink or two. • Fully catered delicious meals for breakfast and dinner with snacks and pack lunch provided for the walk. • Stunning audio-visual presentation by one of our guides as part of our evening program. • Medical wilderness trained leader with 24hr phone access to advice from a Peak Learning Doctor. The summit of Mt Kosciuszko (2228 m) | Mike Edmondson Peak Learning Pty Ltd | ABN: 84 112 168 537 W: www.peaklearningadventures.com.au | E: [email protected] | T: 02-62572208 | M: 0402-286257 PO Box 208 CAMPBELL ACT 2612 Information 2021: Top Ten Aussie Peaks About Peak Learning Adventures Peak Learning Adventures is a veteran owned and run small business focused on customised treks, tours and expeditions to the Himalayas, Papua New Guinea (PNG), South America and Africa. The Himalayas has been our adventure playground for nearly 40 years. PNG is at Australia’s doorstep and offers genuine wilderness trekking in a landscape free from modern intrusions.
    [Show full text]
  • Repeated Climate-Linked Host Shifts Have Promoted Diversification in a Temperate Clade of Leaf-Mining Flies
    Repeated climate-linked host shifts have promoted SPECIAL FEATURE diversification in a temperate clade of leaf-mining flies Isaac S. Winklera,b,1, Charles Mitterb, and Sonja J. Schefferc aDepartment of Entomology, North Carolina State University, Campus Box 7613, Raleigh, NC 27695-7613; bDepartment of Entomology, University of Maryland, 4112 Plant Sciences Building, College Park, MD 20742; and cSystematic Entomology Laboratory, Plant Science Institute, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, 10300 Baltimore Avenue, Building 003, Room 231, BARC-West, Beltsville, MD 20705 Edited by Anurag A. Agrawal, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, and accepted by the Editorial Board July 30, 2009 (received for review May 1, 2009) A central but little-tested prediction of ‘‘escape and radiation’’ ever, there is still little evidence on the degree to which changes coevolution is that colonization of novel, chemically defended host in either plant defense or insect ‘‘offense’’ promote diversifica- plant clades accelerates insect herbivore diversification. That the- tion (7). Progress on the insect side has come from several recent ory, in turn, exemplifies one side of a broader debate about the reports plausibly attributing an instance of significantly elevated relative influence on clade dynamics of intrinsic (biotic) vs. extrinsic insect diversity to a co-occurring shift to a new host taxon (5, 10, (physical-environmental) forces. Here, we use a fossil-calibrated 11). Any single instance of elevated diversification, however, molecular chronogram to compare the effects of a major biotic could reflect other influences that happen to be confounded factor (repeated shift to a chemically divergent host plant clade) with the host shift.
    [Show full text]
  • Fish River Water Supply Scheme
    Nomination of FISH RIVER WATER SUPPLY SCHEME as a National Engineering Landmark Contents 1. Introduction 3 2. Nomination Form 4 Owner's Agreement 5 3. Location Map 6 4. Glossary, Abbreviations and Units 8 5. Heritage Assessment 10 5.1 Basic Data 10 5.2 Heritage Significance 11 5.2.1 Historic phase 11 5.2.2 Historic individuals and association 36 5.2.3 Creative or technical achievement 37 5.2.4 Research potential – teaching and understanding 38 5.2.5 Social or cultural 40 5.2.6 Rarity 41 5.2.7 Representativeness 41 6. Statement of Significance 42 7. Proposed Citation 43 8. References 44 9. CD-ROM of this document plus images obtained to date - 1 - - 2 - 1.0 INTRODUCTION The Fish River Water Supply Scheme [FRWS] is a medium size but important water supply with the headwaters in the Central Highlands of NSW, west of the Great Dividing Range and to the south of Oberon. It supplies water in an area from Oberon, north to Portland, Mount Piper Power Station and beyond, and east, across the Great Dividing Range, to Wallerawang town, Wallerawang Power Station, Lithgow and the Upper Blue Mountains. It is the source of water for many small to medium communities, including Rydal, Lidsdale, Cullen Bullen, Glen Davis and Marrangaroo, as well as many rural properties through which its pipelines pass. It was established by Act of Parliament in 1945 as a Trading Undertaking of the NSW State Government. The FRWS had its origins as a result of the chronic water supply problems of the towns of Lithgow, Wallerawang, Portland and Oberon from as early as 1937, which were exacerbated by the 1940-43 drought.
    [Show full text]
  • Number 35 July-September
    THE BULB NEWSLETTER Number 35 July-September 2001 Amana lives, long live Among! ln the Kew Scientist, Issue 19 (April 2001), Kew's Dr Mike Fay reports on the molecular work that has been carried out on Among. This little tulip«like eastern Asiatic group of Liliaceae that we have long grown and loved as Among (A. edulis, A. latifolla, A. erythroniolde ), but which took a trip into the genus Tulipa, should in fact be treated as a distinct genus. The report notes that "Molecular data have shown this group to be as distinct from Tulipa s.s. [i.e. in the strict sense, excluding Among] as Erythronium, and the three genera should be recognised.” This is good news all round. I need not change the labels on the pots (they still labelled Among), neither will i have to re~|abel all the as Erythronlum species tulips! _ Among edulis is a remarkably persistent little plant. The bulbs of it in the BN garden were acquired in the early 19605 but had been in cultivation well before that, brought back to England by a plant enthusiast participating in the Korean war. Although not as showy as the tulips, they are pleasing little bulbs with starry white flowers striped purplish-brown on the outside. It takes a fair amount of sun to encourage them to open, so in cool temperate gardens where the light intensity is poor in winter and spring, pot cultivation in a glasshouse is the best method of cultivation. With the extra protection and warmth, the flowers will open out almost flat.
    [Show full text]
  • Outline of Angiosperm Phylogeny
    Outline of angiosperm phylogeny: orders, families, and representative genera with emphasis on Oregon native plants Priscilla Spears December 2013 The following listing gives an introduction to the phylogenetic classification of the flowering plants that has emerged in recent decades, and which is based on nucleic acid sequences as well as morphological and developmental data. This listing emphasizes temperate families of the Northern Hemisphere and is meant as an overview with examples of Oregon native plants. It includes many exotic genera that are grown in Oregon as ornamentals plus other plants of interest worldwide. The genera that are Oregon natives are printed in a blue font. Genera that are exotics are shown in black, however genera in blue may also contain non-native species. Names separated by a slash are alternatives or else the nomenclature is in flux. When several genera have the same common name, the names are separated by commas. The order of the family names is from the linear listing of families in the APG III report. For further information, see the references on the last page. Basal Angiosperms (ANITA grade) Amborellales Amborellaceae, sole family, the earliest branch of flowering plants, a shrub native to New Caledonia – Amborella Nymphaeales Hydatellaceae – aquatics from Australasia, previously classified as a grass Cabombaceae (water shield – Brasenia, fanwort – Cabomba) Nymphaeaceae (water lilies – Nymphaea; pond lilies – Nuphar) Austrobaileyales Schisandraceae (wild sarsaparilla, star vine – Schisandra; Japanese
    [Show full text]
  • 17Th Annual List of Accepted Artists and Works
    17TH ANNUAL LIST OF ACCEPTED ARTISTS AND WORKS Artists – 266 Countries – 39 Argentina – 2 Australia – 2 Austria – 7 Belgium – 4 Brazil – 2 Bulgaria – 16 Canada – 13 Costa Rica – 1 Denmark – 1 England – 9 Estonia – 1 Finland – 6 France – 9 Germany – 11 Greece – 3 Hungary – 2 Iceland – 1 Iraq – 1 Ireland – 22 Israel – 1 Japan – 42 Macedonia – 1 Mauritius – 1 Mexico – 4 The Netherlands – 12 New Zealand – 1 Poland – 38 Romania – 4 Russia – 2 Serbia – 1 Slovenia – 4 Republic of South Africa – 1 Spain – 2 Sweden – 5 Switzerland – 6 Taiwan – 2 Thailand – 2 U. S. A. – 22 Venezuela – 1 Featured Artist DIMO KOLIBAROV, Bulgaria Cycle of prints Meetings with Bulgarian Printmaking Artists Presentation of the First Prize Winner of the 16th Mini Print Annual 2017 EVA CHOUNG – FUX, Austria Special Presentation FACULTY OF ARTS MARIA CURIE SKŁODOWSKA UNIVERSITY Lublin, Poland Dr hab. Adam Panek The cycle of prints: 1. Triptych I – A, 2018, Linocut, 15 x 11 cm 2. Triptych I – B, 2018, Linocut, 15 x 9 cm 3. Triptych I – C, 2018, Linocut, 15,5 x 11 cm Dr hab. Alicja Snoch-Pawłowska The cycle of prints: 1. Diffusion 1, 2018, Mixed technique, 12 x 18,5 cm 2. Diffusion 2, 2018, Mixed technique, 12 x 18 cm 3. Diffusion 3, 2018, Mixed technique, 12 x 18,5 cm Dr Amadeusz Popek The cycle of prints: 1. Mirage-Róża, 2018, Serigraphy, 20 x 20 cm 2. Mirage-Pejzaż górski, 2018, Serigraphy, 20 x 20 cm 3. Mirage, 2018, Serigraphy, 20 x 20 cm Mgr Andrzej Mosio The cycle of prints: 1.
    [Show full text]
  • The Developmental and Genetic Bases of Apetaly in Bocconia Frutescens
    Arango‑Ocampo et al. EvoDevo (2016) 7:16 DOI 10.1186/s13227-016-0054-6 EvoDevo RESEARCH Open Access The developmental and genetic bases of apetaly in Bocconia frutescens (Chelidonieae: Papaveraceae) Cristina Arango‑Ocampo1, Favio González2, Juan Fernando Alzate3 and Natalia Pabón‑Mora1* Abstract Background: Bocconia and Macleaya are the only genera of the poppy family (Papaveraceae) lacking petals; how‑ ever, the developmental and genetic processes underlying such evolutionary shift have not yet been studied. Results: We studied floral development in two species of petal-less poppies Bocconia frutescens and Macleaya cordata as well as in the closely related petal-bearing Stylophorum diphyllum. We generated a floral transcriptome of B. frutescens to identify MADS-box ABCE floral organ identity genes expressed during early floral development. We performed phylogenetic analyses of these genes across Ranunculales as well as RT-PCR and qRT-PCR to assess loci- specific expression patterns. We found that petal-to-stamen homeosis in petal-less poppies occurs through distinct developmental pathways. Transcriptomic analyses of B. frutescens floral buds showed that homologs of all MADS-box genes are expressed except for the APETALA3-3 ortholog. Species-specific duplications of other ABCE genes inB. frute- scens have resulted in functional copies with expanded expression patterns than those predicted by the model. Conclusions: Petal loss in B. frutescens is likely associated with the lack of expression of AP3-3 and an expanded expression of AGAMOUS. The genetic basis of petal identity is conserved in Ranunculaceae and Papaveraceae although they have different number of AP3 paralogs and exhibit dissimilar floral groundplans.
    [Show full text]
  • Ranunculaceae) for Asian and North American Taxa
    Mosyakin, S.L. 2018. Further new combinations in Anemonastrum (Ranunculaceae) for Asian and North American taxa. Phytoneuron 2018-55: 1–11. Published 13 August 2018. ISSN 2153 733X FURTHER NEW COMBINATIONS IN ANEMONASTRUM (RANUNCULACEAE) FOR ASIAN AND NORTH AMERICAN TAXA SERGEI L. MOSYAKIN M.G. Kholodny Institute of Botany National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine 2 Tereshchenkivska Street Kiev (Kyiv), 01004 Ukraine [email protected] ABSTRACT Following the proposed re-circumscription of genera in the group of Anemone L. and related taxa of Ranunculaceae (Mosyakin 2016, Christenhusz et al. 2018) and based on recent molecular phylogenetic and partly morphological evidence, the genus Anemonastrum Holub is recognized here in an expanded circumscription (including Anemonidium (Spach) Holub, Arsenjevia Starod., Tamuria Starod., and Jurtsevia Á. Löve & D. Löve) covering members of the “Anemone ” clade with x=7, but excluding Hepatica Mill., a genus well outlined morphologically and forming a separate subclade (accepted by Hoot et al. (2012) as Anemone subg. Anemonidium (Spach) Juz. sect. Hepatica (Mill.) Spreng.) within the clade earlier recognized taxonomically as Anemone subg. Anemonidium (sensu Hoot et al. 2012). The following new combinations at the section and subsection ranks are validated: Anemonastrum Holub sect. Keiskea (Tamura) Mosyakin, comb. nov . ( Anemone sect. Keiskea Tamura); Anemonastrum [sect. Keiskea ] subsect. Keiskea (Tamura) Mosyakin, comb. nov .; Anemonastrum [sect. Keiskea ] subsect. Arsenjevia (Starod.) Mosyakin, comb. nov . ( Arsenjevia Starod.); and Anemonastrum [sect. Anemonastrum ] subsect. Himalayicae (Ulbr.) Mosyakin, comb. nov. ( Anemone ser. Himalayicae Ulbr.). The new nomenclatural combination Anemonastrum deltoideum (Hook.) Mosyakin, comb. nov . ( Anemone deltoidea Hook.) is validated for a North American species related to East Asian Anemonastrum keiskeanum (T.
    [Show full text]
  • October 2018 Terest
    CANBERRA CROSS COUNTRY SKI CLUB, INC SPECIAL POINTS OF IN- 2018, ISSUE 6 10TH OCTOBER 2018 TEREST: October Lodge -0 Weekend — 20-21 President’s Piece October 2018 — Page 3 For the first time in months it’s not all over yet. We have plore the highest peaks with the heater is turned off at our popular October lodge long days and warmer home and I haven’t had to weekend on 19-21 October weather. Check out the tour INSIDE THIS put on a jacket when pop- and with a lot of snow lin- program for some spring ping outside for lunch. gering up high it is sure to be fun. ISSUE: Spring is definitely here and a good one. There are still Ski and Snow Pho- 2 summer is not far behind. It vacancies so check this The club’s annual general tos has been a great ski season newsletter and the club meeting was held on 26 Sep- and I’m sure many of us will website for details. Late tember. October Lodge 3 be sad to see it go. However, spring is a great time to ex- Weekend Trip Report – Tate 4-5 West Ridge – Sat- urday 22 Septem- ber 2018 Trip Report—Dead 6-7 Horse Gap to Rams Head—23 September 2018 Trip Report— 8-9 Charlotte Pass – Mount Townsend – The Racecourse – Lake Albina— Thursday 20 Sep- tember 2018 Gale Funston, Margaret Baz, Alan Levy, Bill Stanhope, David Drohan and Claire Sim. We have just Ski and Snow Pho- 10 finished lunch and are about to head down, back to Dead Horse Gap.
    [Show full text]
  • The Ecology, Morphology, Distribution and Speciation of a New Species and Subspecies of the Genus Egernia (Lacertilia: Scincidae)
    AUSTRALIAN MUSEUM SCIENTIFIC PUBLICATIONS Cogger, Harold G., 1960. The ecology, morphology, distribution and speciation of a new species and subspecies of the genus Egernia (Lacertilia: Scincidae). Records of the Australian Museum 25(5): 95–105, plates 1 and 2. [1 July 1960]. doi:10.3853/j.0067-1975.25.1960.657 ISSN 0067-1975 Published by the Australian Museum, Sydney nature culture discover Australian Museum science is freely accessible online at http://publications.australianmuseum.net.au 6 College Street, Sydney NSW 2010, Australia VOL. XXV, No. 5 SYDNEY, 1st JULY, 1960 RECORDS of The Australian Museulll (World List abbreviation: Ree. Aust. l\<Ius.) Printed by order of the Trustees Edited by the Director, J. W. EVANS, Sc.D. The Ecology, Morphology, Distribution and Speciation of a New Species and Subspecies of the Genus Egernia (Lacertilia: Scincidae) By HAROLD G. COGGER Pages 95-105 Plates I and II Figs 1-3 Registered at the General Post Office, Sydney, for transmission by post as a periodical • 92265 95 THE ECOLOGY~ MORPHOLOGY~ DISTRIBUTION AND SPECIATION OF A NEW SPECIES AND SUBSPECIES OF THE GENUS EGERNIA (Lacertilia : Scincidae) By HAROLD G. COGGER, Australian Museum (Figs. 1-3) (Plates I and 2) Manuscript Received 13.10.59 SUMMARY A new scincid species (Egernia saxatilis) from the Warrumbungle Mountains, New South Wales, and a new subspecies (Egernia saxatilis intermedia) from Kanangra Walls, New South Wales, are described. Morphological variations in these forms, and in the closely allied Egernia strialata (Peters), are tabulated. Egernia saxatilis saxatilis appears to be confined to the Warrumbungle Mountains, while Egernia saxatilis intermedia is distributed throughout various parts of the eastern highlands.
    [Show full text]
  • FF Directory
    Directory WFF (World Flora Fauna Program) - Updated 30 November 2012 Directory WorldWide Flora & Fauna - Updated 30 November 2012 Release 2012.06 - by IK1GPG Massimo Balsamo & I5FLN Luciano Fusari Reference Name DXCC Continent Country FF Category 1SFF-001 Spratly 1S AS Spratly Archipelago 3AFF-001 Réserve du Larvotto 3A EU Monaco 3AFF-002 Tombant à corail des Spélugues 3A EU Monaco 3BFF-001 Black River Gorges 3B8 AF Mauritius I. 3BFF-002 Agalega is. 3B6 AF Agalega Is. & St.Brandon I. 3BFF-003 Saint Brandon Isls. (aka Cargados Carajos Isls.) 3B7 AF Agalega Is. & St.Brandon I. 3BFF-004 Rodrigues is. 3B9 AF Rodriguez I. 3CFF-001 Monte-Rayses 3C AF Equatorial Guinea 3CFF-002 Pico-Santa-Isabel 3C AF Equatorial Guinea 3D2FF-001 Conway Reef 3D2 OC Conway Reef 3D2FF-002 Rotuma I. 3D2 OC Conway Reef 3DAFF-001 Mlilvane 3DA0 AF Swaziland 3DAFF-002 Mlavula 3DA0 AF Swaziland 3DAFF-003 Malolotja 3DA0 AF Swaziland 3VFF-001 Bou-Hedma 3V AF Tunisia 3VFF-002 Boukornine 3V AF Tunisia 3VFF-003 Chambi 3V AF Tunisia 3VFF-004 El-Feidja 3V AF Tunisia 3VFF-005 Ichkeul 3V AF Tunisia National Park, UNESCO-World Heritage 3VFF-006 Zembraand Zembretta 3V AF Tunisia 3VFF-007 Kouriates Nature Reserve 3V AF Tunisia 3VFF-008 Iles de Djerba 3V AF Tunisia 3VFF-009 Sidi Toui 3V AF Tunisia 3VFF-010 Tabarka 3V AF Tunisia 3VFF-011 Ain Chrichira 3V AF Tunisia 3VFF-012 Aina Zana 3V AF Tunisia 3VFF-013 des Iles Kneiss 3V AF Tunisia 3VFF-014 Serj 3V AF Tunisia 3VFF-015 Djebel Bouramli 3V AF Tunisia 3VFF-016 Djebel Khroufa 3V AF Tunisia 3VFF-017 Djebel Touati 3V AF Tunisia 3VFF-018 Etella Natural 3V AF Tunisia 3VFF-019 Grotte de Chauve souris d'El Haouaria 3V AF Tunisia National Park, UNESCO-World Heritage 3VFF-020 Ile Chikly 3V AF Tunisia 3VFF-021 Kechem el Kelb 3V AF Tunisia 3VFF-022 Lac de Tunis 3V AF Tunisia 3VFF-023 Majen Djebel Chitane 3V AF Tunisia 3VFF-024 Sebkhat Kelbia 3V AF Tunisia 3VFF-025 Tourbière de Dar.
    [Show full text]
  • Sensitivity of the Orographic Precipitation Across the Australian Snowy Mountains to Regional Climate Indices
    CSIRO PUBLISHING Journal of Southern Hemisphere Earth Systems Science, 2019, 69, 196–204 https://doi.org/10.1071/ES19014 Sensitivity of the orographic precipitation across the Australian Snowy Mountains to regional climate indices Fahimeh SarmadiA,B,E, Yi HuangC,D, Steven T. SiemsA,B and Michael J. MantonA ASchool of Earth, Atmosphere and Environment, 9 Rainforest Walk, Monash University, Melbourne, Vic. 3800, Australia. BAustralian Research Council (ARC) Centre of Excellence for Climate System Science, Monash University, Melbourne, Vic., Australia. CSchool of Earth Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic., Australia. DAustralian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Climate Extremes, Melbourne, Vic., Australia. ECorresponding author. Email: [email protected] Abstract. The wintertime (May–October) precipitation across south-eastern Australia, and the Snowy Mountains, was studied for 22 years (1995–2016) to explore the sensitivity of the relationships between six established climate indices and the precipitation to the orography, both regionally and locally in high-elevation areas. The high-elevation (above 1100 m) precipitation records were provided by an independent network of rain gauges maintained by Snowy Hydro Ltd. These observations were compared with the Australian Water Availability Project (AWAP) precipitation analysis, a commonly used gridded nationwide product. As the AWAP analysis does not incorporate any high-elevation sites, it is unable to capture local orographic precipitation processes. The analysis demonstrates that the alpine precipitation over the Snowy Mountains responds differently to the indices than the AWAP precipitation. In particular, the alpine precipitation is found to be most sensitive to the position of the subtropical ridge and less sensitive to a number of other climate indices tested.
    [Show full text]