Labor, Democratization and Development in India and Pakistan
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Internal Situation in Pakistan
REPORT PREPARED WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF THE PROJECT EXPANSION OF THE LIBRARY OF COUNTRY OF ORIGIN INFORMATION UNIT, CO-FUNDED BY THE EUROPEAN REFUGEE FUND INTERNAL SITUATION IN PAKISTAN SYLWIA GIL June 2012 COUNTRY OF ORIGIN INFORMATION UNIT OFFICE FOR FOREIGNERS, POLAND May 2013 REPORT PREPARED WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF THE PROJECT EXPANSION OF THE LIBRARY OF COUNTRY OF ORIGIN INFORMATION UNIT, CO-FUNDED BY THE EUROPEAN REFUGEE FUND INTERNAL SITUATION IN PAKISTAN SYLWIA GIL June 2012 COUNTRY OF ORIGIN INFORMATION UNIT OFFICE FOR FOREIGNERS, POLAND May 2013 DISCLAIMER The present report is a public document, and it has been developed as part of the “Extension of the Library of the Division for Country of Origin Information Unit”, project no. 1/7/2009/ EFU, co-financed by the European Refugee Fund. Under the above-mentioned project, the Country of Origin Information Unit in the Office for Foreigners commissions external experts to prepare studies presenting detailed analyses of selected problems and issues arising during the refugee/asylum procedure. The information presented in such thematic reports is based mostly on commonly available resources, such as: studies developed by international organisations, both governmental and non-governmental, press articles and/or online resources. At times they also include own observations, experience and field studies conducted by the authors. All the information included in this report has been collected and elaborated with the highest diligence. However, it cannot be excluded that some data, or even the overall picture of the situation presented in the report, are out-of-date, incomplete or inaccurate. Therefore, this report must not be treated as the exclusive and indisputable reference in relation to decisions on awarding or refusing the refugee status or other forms of international protection. -
Western Ghats & Sri Lanka Biodiversity Hotspot
Ecosystem Profile WESTERN GHATS & SRI LANKA BIODIVERSITY HOTSPOT WESTERN GHATS REGION FINAL VERSION MAY 2007 Prepared by: Kamal S. Bawa, Arundhati Das and Jagdish Krishnaswamy (Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology & the Environment - ATREE) K. Ullas Karanth, N. Samba Kumar and Madhu Rao (Wildlife Conservation Society) in collaboration with: Praveen Bhargav, Wildlife First K.N. Ganeshaiah, University of Agricultural Sciences Srinivas V., Foundation for Ecological Research, Advocacy and Learning incorporating contributions from: Narayani Barve, ATREE Sham Davande, ATREE Balanchandra Hegde, Sahyadri Wildlife and Forest Conservation Trust N.M. Ishwar, Wildlife Institute of India Zafar-ul Islam, Indian Bird Conservation Network Niren Jain, Kudremukh Wildlife Foundation Jayant Kulkarni, Envirosearch S. Lele, Centre for Interdisciplinary Studies in Environment & Development M.D. Madhusudan, Nature Conservation Foundation Nandita Mahadev, University of Agricultural Sciences Kiran M.C., ATREE Prachi Mehta, Envirosearch Divya Mudappa, Nature Conservation Foundation Seema Purshothaman, ATREE Roopali Raghavan, ATREE T. R. Shankar Raman, Nature Conservation Foundation Sharmishta Sarkar, ATREE Mohammed Irfan Ullah, ATREE and with the technical support of: Conservation International-Center for Applied Biodiversity Science Assisted by the following experts and contributors: Rauf Ali Gladwin Joseph Uma Shaanker Rene Borges R. Kannan B. Siddharthan Jake Brunner Ajith Kumar C.S. Silori ii Milind Bunyan M.S.R. Murthy Mewa Singh Ravi Chellam Venkat Narayana H. Sudarshan B.A. Daniel T.S. Nayar R. Sukumar Ranjit Daniels Rohan Pethiyagoda R. Vasudeva Soubadra Devy Narendra Prasad K. Vasudevan P. Dharma Rajan M.K. Prasad Muthu Velautham P.S. Easa Asad Rahmani Arun Venkatraman Madhav Gadgil S.N. Rai Siddharth Yadav T. Ganesh Pratim Roy Santosh George P.S. -
Lok Sabha Debates
Seventh Serlel, Vol., V No. 15 Monday, June 30, 1980 Asadha 9, 1902 (s.ta) LOK SABHA DEBATES Third Session (Seventh Lok Sabha) (Yol.V contains Nos. 11 -2 0) LOIC SABHA SECRETARIAT NEW DEJ,m Prb ' Ba. ,.oo (ORIGINAL ENGLISH PI.OCEBDINGS INCLUDED IN ENGLISH VBRSION AND ORIGINAL HINDI PltOCBBDINGS INCLUDED IN HINDI VBltSION WILL DB TB.BATID AS AUTBOlUTATIVE AND NOT THE TltANSLATIONTHEREOF.J ~O~~TS No. 15, Mond.zy, June 30, 1980 Asadha 9, 1902 .(~ak,:,) \ I ~ COLUMNS , 1 Oral Answers to Q,Iestions *Starred Questions Nos. 305 to 309, 3 HZ , 318 and 319 1--28 Written Answers to Questions: Starred Q lestions Nos. 3 I 0, 3 1 I, 3 13 to 3 17 and 320 to 32 4 28-43 Unstarred Questions Nos. 2314 to 2404, 2406 to 2442 and 2444 to 2476 43-264 Re. Questions of Priv lege 265- 73 Papers Laid on the Ta ble • 273-74 Calling Attention to Matter of Urgent Public Importance - Reported discovery of a decomposed hUman body in fresh water pumping tank at Delhi Main Railway Station f. ,.. ' 275-88 Shri Sushil Bhattacharyya . 275-7U Shri C.K. Jaffer Shader 215-7(j· 277-79 Shri Ram Vilas Pa5wan 276-77 Shri Niren Ghosh 279-80 Shri Kamalapati Tripathi . 280-81 Statement Re. Railway Accident between Delhi and Delhi Shahdara Stations on 27-6-80 . I ~ 288-89 Election to Committee - Animal Welfare Board Matters Under Rule 377 - q (i) Reported suspension of movement of coal by Railways to tea Gardens in West Bengal : <;hri Subodh Sen (ii) Ste1)S to avert the reported strike by Junior Doctors' Federa- tion, Delhi : Shri G.~1. -
Carlotta Gall: Isi Sheltered Bin Laden in Pakistan
CARLOTTA GALL: ISI SHELTERED BIN LADEN IN PAKISTAN The New York Times has just released an excerpt from Carlotta Gall’s upcoming book “The Wrong Enemy: America in Afghanistan, 2001-2014″. Recall that Gall lived in Afghanistan and covered Afghanistan and Pakistan for the Times from 2001-2013 (Declan Walsh also covered Pakistan from inside Pakistan until he was expelled just before the election in 2013). The biggest revelation in the excerpt is that Pakistan knew about, and Pakistan’s intelligence agency, the ISI, actively sheltered, Osama bin Laden when he was in hiding in Pakistan. Gall claims that then-ISI head Ahmed Shuja Pasha had direct knowledge of bin Laden’s presence: Soon after the Navy SEAL raid on Bin Laden’s house, a Pakistani official told me that the United States had direct evidence that the ISI chief, Lt. Gen. Ahmed Shuja Pasha, knew of Bin Laden’s presence in Abbottabad. The information came from a senior United States official, and I guessed that the Americans had intercepted a phone call of Pasha’s or one about him in the days after the raid. “He knew of Osama’s whereabouts, yes,” the Pakistani official told me. The official was surprised to learn this and said the Americans were even more so. Pasha had been an energetic opponent of the Taliban and an open and cooperative counterpart for the Americans at the ISI. “Pasha was always their blue-eyed boy,” the official said. But in the weeks and months after the raid, Pasha and the ISI press office strenuously denied that they had any knowledge of Bin Laden’s presence in Abbottabad. -
Pakistan Army and Terrorism; an Unholy Alliance
Pakistan Army and Terrorism; an unholy alliance Pakistan has been known for its perennial support of the Taliban in Afghanistan and other terrorist organizations in Indian Administered Jammu and Kashmir. The dramatic events of the terrorist attacks on the twin towers in the United States (U.S) on the 11th of September 2001 also referred to as 9/11, shook the tectonic plates of world politics, pushing Pakistan into being a focal point of global politics. Pakistan became the key strategic partner of United States’ War on Terror; post the terrorist attacks, taking a complete U-turn in her traditional foreign policies towards Afghanistan and Indian Administered Jammu and Kashmir, albeit temporarily under international pressure for heavy monetary gains. The country, in which sectarian groups targeting minority communities (Shias, Sufis, Ahmadis etc.) and Kashmir- focused groups confined their operations to Indian Administered Kashmir and the rest of India, has become a victim of its own holy war as a consequence of the ‘unholy alliance’ between the Inter Intelligence Services (ISI), Pakistan’s powerful intelligence agency, military and self-styled religious scholars. This historic alliance has resulted in colossal rise of radical Islam being a factor in the country’s proclivity to Islamic fundamentalism. Jihadi Groups There are several kind of militant groups operating in and from Pakistan that can be distinguished by their sectarian background (Ahl-e-Hadith, Deobandi, Jamaat-e-Islami etc.), and their areas of operation (Afghanistan, India, Pakistan). Their objectives may vary from overthrowing the Pakistani government, seizure of Indian Administered Jammu and Kashmir or support of Afghan Taliban. -
Pakistan Country Study 2016 Labour Standards in the Garment Supply Chain
Pakistan country study 2016 Labour standards in the garment supply chain Strategic Partnership for Garment Supply Chain Transformation Pakistan country study - Labour standards in the garment supply chain Pakistan Country Study 2016 Labour standards in the garment supply chain Pakistan country study - Labour standards in the garment supply chain 3 Table of Contents Introduction 1. Executive Summary 7 2. General country information 9 2.1. Economic indicators 11 2.2. Social, political & governance indicators 12 2.3. Income and poverty 12 2.4. General human rights situation 13 3. The Garment Industry 14 4. Industrial Relations 17 5. Stakeholders 23 6. Implementation of the Core Labour Standards 29 6.1 Employment is freely chosen 30 6.2 There is no discrimination in employment 31 6.3 No exploitation of child labour 31 6.4 Freedom of association and the right to collective bargaining 32 6.5 Payment of a living wage 33 6.6 No excessive working hours 36 6.7 Safe and healthy working conditions 36 6.8 Legally-binding employment relationships 37 7. Recommendations and Good Practices 38 8. Sources 46 List of abbreviations 50 Pakistan country study - Labour standards in the garment supply chain 5 Pakistan country study - Labour standards in the garment supply chain 6 1. Executive summary Strategic Partnership for Garment Supply Chain Transformation Pakistan country study - Labour standards in the garment supply chain 7 1. Executive summary The present country study on Pakistan, has been carried out in December 2016 for CNV Internationaal in the context of the Partnership for Supply Chain Transformation. It is based on desk and original research on the current status of the industry structure, social dialogue, gender-based violence and living wage debates in the apparel industry in Vietnam for use in the first phase of this project. -
The Role of Collective Mobilization In
THE ROLE OF COLLECTIVE MOBILIZATION IN THE DIVERGENCE OF THE RURAL ECONOMIES OF CHINA AND INDIA (1950-1990) by Burak Gürel A dissertation submitted to Johns Hopkins University in conformity with the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Baltimore, Maryland February, 2015 @ 2015 Burak Gürel All Rights Reserved ABSTRACT The economic divergence of China and India in the post-1950 era has appeared as one of the most intriguing puzzles of comparative and historical social sciences in recent decades. In 1950, although both countries were very poor, China was much poorer, with a per capita GDP 38% less than that of India. This situation changed completely in the decades following Indian independence (1947) and the Chinese Revolution (1949). China’s economy caught up with India’s in 1978 and greatly surpassed it later on, making its per capita GDP 30% higher than India’s in 1990. The differential performance of their rural economies contributed significantly to this outcome. This study argues that this outcome was closely related to two countries’ differential performance in the development of physical infrastructure and human capital in the countryside. In China, the radical land reform of 1947-52 and the rural collectivization after 1952 eliminated the power of the rural elite, flattened the political economic terrain, and enabled the state to establish the rural collectives. By mobilizing unpaid labor and financial resources of the villagers through the mediation of the rural collectives, the Chinese state developed rural infrastructure, technology, and human capital at a pace and geographical scope that was far beyond its limited fiscal capacity. -
Environmental Science in the Course of Different Levels
THIS PAGE IS BLANK NEW AGE INTERNATIONAL (P) LIMITED, PUBLISHERS New Delhi · Bangalore · Chennai · Cochin · Guwahati · Hyderabad Jalandhar · Kolkata · Lucknow · Mumbai · Ranchi PUBLISHING FOR ONE WORLD Visit us at www.newagepublishers.com Copyright © 2006 New Age International (P) Ltd., Publishers Published by New Age International (P) Ltd., Publishers All rights reserved. No part of this ebook may be reproduced in any form, by photostat, microfilm, xerography, or any other means, or incorporated into any information retrieval system, electronic or mechanical, without the written permission of the publisher. All inquiries should be emailed to [email protected] ISBN (10) : 81-224-2330-2 ISBN (13) : 978-81-224-2330-3 PUBLISHING FOR ONE WORLD NEW AGE INTERNATIONAL (P) LIMITED, PUBLISHERS 4835/24, Ansari Road, Daryaganj, New Delhi - 110002 Visit us at www.newagepublishers.com Education is a process of development which includes the three major activities, teaching, training and instruction. Teaching is social as well as a professional activity. It is science as well as art. Modern education is not in a sphere but it has a long and large area of study. Now a days most part of the world population is facing different problems related with the nature and they are studying the solutions to save the nature and global problems, but on the second hand we even today do not try to understand our local problems related to the nature. So for the awareness of the problems of P nature and pollution the higher education commission has suggested to add the Environmental Science in the course of different levels. -
Vulnerabilities and Governance Challenges in Market-Led
Vulnerabilities in Market-led Growth Strategies and Challenges for Governance Mushtaq H. Khan1 Summary: This paper is the first in a series of four papers developing an alternative approach to growth-enhancing governance in poor countries. Its argument follows an earlier paper where we argued that ‘market-enhancing’ governance, also referred to as ‘good governance’ is not strongly correlated if at all with growth in poor countries (even though many of the goals of good governance are desirable in their own right). The core argument is that ‘growth-enhancing governance’ refers to governance capabilities for correcting significant market failures that poor countries face when they try to catch up with advanced countries. For a long time, this debate has been dominated by a discussion of the North East Asian NICs like South Korea and Taiwan, which clearly had very strong growth-enhancing capabilities. Since most developing countries clearly do not have these capabilities, the conclusion was that this was an interesting but not very relevant discussion for poor countries. Our argument is that while the grand capabilities of the North East Asian countries are indeed unviable policy goals for most developing countries, there is no alternative to developing specific, carefully selected growth-enhancing governance capabilities on a country-by-country basis. To establish the importance of this approach, we select five ‘second tier’ growth economies: Thailand, the states of Maharashtra and West Bengal in India, Bangladesh and Tanzania, which are all frequently described as market-led growth stories. The assumption is that growth in these economies took off without much state assistance, and in fact in some cases directly as a result of abandoning interventionist policies. -
Downloaded by [New York University] at 23:42 28 November 2016 Pakistan’S Inter- Services Intelligence Directorate
Downloaded by [New York University] at 23:42 28 November 2016 Pakistan’s Inter- Services Intelligence Directorate This book is the first comprehensive study of Pakistan’s Inter- Services Intelli- gence Directorate (ISI). The rise of Pakistan- backed religious extremist groups in Afghanistan, India and Central Asia has focused international attention on Pakistan’s premier intelligence organization and covert action advocate, the Inter- Services Intelligence Directorate or ISI. While ISI is regarded as one of the most powerful government agencies in Pakistan today, surprisingly little has been written about it from an academic perspective. This book addresses critical gaps in our understanding of this agency, including its domestic security mission, covert backing of the Afghan Taliban, and its links to al- Qa’ida. Using primary source materials, including declassified intelligence and diplomatic reporting, press reports and memoirs, this book explores how ISI was transformed from a small, negligible counter intelligence outfit of the late- 1940s into the national security behemoth of today with extensive responsibilities in domestic security, political interference and covert action. This study concludes that reforming or even eliminating ISI will be funda- mental if Pakistan is to successfully transition from an army- run, national security state to a stable, democratic society that enjoys peaceful relations with its neighbors. This book will be of interest to students of intelligence studies, South Asian politics, foreign policy and international security in general. Owen L. Sirrs is Adjunct Professor at the University of Montana, USA, and the author of two previous books, including, most recently, The Egyptian Intelligence Service (Routledge 2011). -
India Pakistan Arms Race and Militarisation Watch No
India Pakistan Arms Race and Militarisation Watch Compilation No 167 (December 30, 2006 - 15 January 2007) Year Seven URL: http://groups.yahoo.com/group/IPARMW/ URL for full text PDF: http://www.sacw.net/peace/IPARMW167.pdf produced by South Asia Citizens Web and South Asians Against Nukes Table of Contents: 1 Pakistan: - The General in his Labyrinth (Tariq Ali) - Military rule stifles democracy (Husain Haqqani) - Soldiers of Fortune (Ayesha Siddiqa) - Business in Jackboots (Gulmina Bilal) 2 Deep mutual distrust within the foreign policy officialdom: - Diplomats miss golf as India, Pakistan bicker (Bharat Bhushan) 3 Killing Fields of India and Pakistan: Land Mines at work - Mine-blown lives (Fatima Chowdhury) - Stop mining the border (HRCP) 4 Disappeared In India and Pakistan: - Kashmir’s Half-Widows Struggle for Fuller Life (Haroon Mirani) - Kin and Rights Groups Search for Pakistan’s Missing (Salman Masood) - Pakistan: Growing anger at continuing enforced disappearances (Amnesty International) - Pakistan protester Where are they? (BBC) - Spotlight on Pakistan’s “disappeared” (Nirupama Subramanian) - ‘War on Terror’ an Excuse for Disappearances (Zofeen Ebrahim) - HRCP slates torturing of Pindi protesters 5 Nuclear Matters: - Living with the Bomb (Commentary, Himal South Asian) - Nuclear disarmament gets critical (Praful Bidwai) 6 Missile Testing: (i) Pakistan tests ballistic missile (ii) Agni III to be launched in 2007 7 Inequality and conflict (Shahid Javed Burki) 8 On Arms Sales From India and Pakistan: - Sri Lanka to purchase $100 -
Bi-Annual Research Journal “BALOCHISTAN REVIEW—ISSN
ISSN: 2311-6803 PAKISTAN STUDIES Bilingual / Bi-Annual Pakistan Studies, English / Urdu Research Journal Vol. 12 No.02 July – December 2020 PAKISTAN STUDY CENTER University of Balochistan Quetta. (Pakistan) I ISSN: 2311-6803 PAKISTAN STUDIES Bilingual / Bi-annual Pakistan Studies, English / Urdu Research Journal Vol. 12 No. 2 July-December 2020 Recognized by (Higher Education Commission of Pakistan) PAKISTAN STUDY CENTER, University of Balochistan, Quetta (Pakistan) II ISSN: 2311-6803 PAKISTAN STUDIES Bilingual / Bi-annual Pakistan Studies, English / Urdu Research Journal Vol. 12 No. 2 July-December 2020 Recognized by (Higher Education Commission of Pakistan) Editor: Dr. Mohammad Usman Tobawal PAKISTAN STUDY CENTER, University of Balochistan, Quetta (Pakistan) III PAKISTAN STUDIES Bilingual / Bi-annual Pakistan Studies English / Urdu Research Journal Vol 12 No. 2 July-December 2020 PATRON Prof., Dr. Shafiq-Ur-Rehman Vice Chancellor, University of Balochistan, Quetta & Chairman, Board of Governors, Pakistan Study Centre EDITOR Prof., Dr. Muhammad Usman Tobawal EDITOR-IN-CHIEF Prof., Dr. Adil Zaman Dean, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Balochistan IV ASSISTANT EDITORS Prof., Dr. Noor Ahmed Prof., Dr. Kaleemullah Prof., Dr. Ain-Ud-Din Prof., Dr. Ghulam Farooq Baloch Prof., Yousaf Ali Rodeni Prof., Surriya Bano ASSOCIATE EDITORS Prof., Taleem Badshah Mr. Qari Abdul Rehman Miss Shazia Jaffar Mr. Nazir Ahmed Miss Sharaf Bibi COMPOSING SECTION Mr. Manzoor Ahmed Mr. Bijar Khan Mr. Pervaiz Ahmed V MEMBERS OF EDITORIAL BOARD OVERSEAS Dr. Yanee Srimanee, Ministry of Commerce, (Thailand) Prof., M. Aslam Syed, Harvard University, Cambridge, (Massachusetts) Dr. Jamil Farooqui, Dept. of Sociology and Anthropology International Islamic University, (Kuala Lampur) Prof., Dr. Shinaz Jindani, Savannah State University of Georgia (USA) Dr.