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Parmeliaceae Zenker 1827

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Parmeliaceae Zenker 1827 NEW SYSTEMATICS AND REVISED GENERIC CLASSIFICATION OF PARMELIOID LICHENS (PARMELIACEAE, LECANORALES) BASED ON MULTIGENE PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS PARSYS 08’ PROJECT Led by SYSTEMOL, UCM List of Parmelioid genera 1. Bulborrhizina Kurok. 2. Bulbothrix Hale 3. Canoparmelia Elix & Hale 4. Cetrariastrum Sipman 5. Cetrelia W.L. Culb. & C.F. Culb 6. Everniastrum Hale ex Sipman 7. Flavoparmelia Hale 8. Flavopunctelia Hale 9. Hypotrachyna (Vain.) Hale 10. Karoowia Hale 11. Melanelia Essl. 12. Melanelixia O. Blanco, A. Crespo, Divakar, Essl., D. Hawksw. & Lumbsch 13. Melanhalea O. Blanco, A. Crespo, Divakar, Essl., D. Hawksw. & Lumbsch 14. Myelochroa (Asahina) Elix & Hale 15. Omphalodiella Henssen 16. Omphalodium Meyen & Flot. 17. Omphalora T.H. Nash & Hafellner 18. Parmelaria Awasthi 19. Parmelia Ach. 20. Parmelina Hale 21. Parmelinella Elix & Hale 22. Parmelinopsis Elix & Hale 23. Parmeliopsis (Nyl.) Nyl. 24. Parmotrema A. Massal. 25. Parmotremopsis Elix & Hale 26. Placoparmelia Henssen 27. Pleurosticta Petr. 28. Pseudoparmelia Lynge 29. Punctelia Krog 30. Relicina (Hale & Kurok.) Hale 31. Relicinopsis Elix & Verdon 32. Xanthoparmelia (Vain.) Hale Genera numbers 1, 25, 26 and 28 are not included in our study. Genera numbers 10, 15, 18 and 31 are considered synonym from our study. Genera numbers 16, 17 are considered as non parmelioid from phylogenetic studies Addenda: The taxa mentioned below are representative of the new genera in press. 33. Austroparmelina: Parmelina labrosa, Parmelina conlabrosa, Parmelina endoleuca 34. Emodomelanelia: Parmelia massonii 1 35. Nipponoparmelia: Parmelia laevior, Parmelia pseudolaevior and Parmelia isidioclada 36. Notoparmelia: Parmelia crambiocarpa, Parmelia cunninghamii, Parmelia subtestacea, Parmelia signifera, Parmelia tenuirima 37. Pseudomelanelia: Melanelia disjuncta, Melanelia sorediata, Melanelia tominii. 38. Remototrachyna: Hypotrachyna adducta, Hypotrachyna ciliata, Hypotrachyna costaricensis, Hypotrachyna crenata, Hypotrachyna infirma, Hypotrachyna koyaensis, Hypotrachyna scytophylla Total number of genera in Parmelioid from this study is 34. GENERA AND TYPE SPECIES Genera Type species 1. Bulborrhizina Kurok. Bulborrhizina africana Kurok. 2. Bulbothrix Hale Bulbothrix bicornuta (Lynge) Hale 3. Canoparmelia Elix & Hale Canoparmelia texana (Tayor) Elix & Hale 4. Cetrariastrum Sipman Cetrariastrum ecuadoriense (Sant.) Sipman 5. Cetrelia Culb. & Culb Cetrelia cetrarioides (Del. ex Duby) Culb. & Culb. 6. Everniastrum Hale ex Sipman Everniastrum cirrahatum (Fr.) Hale ex Sipman 7. Flavoparmelia Hale Flavoparmelia caperata (L.) Hale 8. Flavopunctelia Hale Flavopunctelia flaventior (Stirt.) Hale 9. Hypotrachyna (Vain.) Hale Hypotrachyna brasiliana (Nyl.) Hale 10. Karoowia Hale Karoowia adhaerense (Nyl.) Hale 11. Melanelia Essl. Melanelia stygia (L.) Essl. 12. Melanelixia O. Blanco et al. Melanelixia glabra (Schaer) O. Blanco et al. 13. Melanohalea O. Blanco et al. Melanohalea exasperata (De Not.) O. Blanco et al. 14. Myelochroa (Asah.) Elix & Hale Myelochroa aurulenta (Tuck.) Elix & Hale 15. Omphalodiella Henssen Omphalodiella patagonica Henssen 16. Omphalodium Meyen & Flot. Omphalodium pisacomense Meyer & Flotow 17. Omphalora Nash & Hafellner Omphalora arizonica (Tuck. ex Willey) 18. Parmelaria Awasthi Parmelaria thomsonii (Stirt.) Awasthi 19. Parmelia Ach. Parmelia saxatilis (L.) Ach. 20. Parmelina Hale Parmelina tiliacea (Hoffm.) Hale 21. Parmelinella Elix & Hale Parmelinella wallichiana (Taylor) Elix & Hale 22. Parmelinopsis Elix & Hale Parmelinopsis horrescens (Taylor) Elix & Hale 23. Parmeliopsis (Nyl.) Nyl. Parmeliopsis ambigua (wulf. in Jacq) Nyl. 24. Parmotrema A. Massal. Parmotrema perforatum (Jacq.) Mass. 25. Parmotremopsis Elix & Hale Parmotremopsis antillensis (Nyl.) Elix & Hale 2 26. Placoparmelia Henssen Placoparmelia patagonica Hensen 27. Pleurosticta Petr. Pleurosticta acetabulum (Neck.) Elix & Lumbsch 28. Pseudoparmelia Lynge Pseudoparmelia cyphellata Lynge 29. Punctelia Krog Punctelia borreri (Sm.) Krog 30. Relicina (Hale & Kurok.) Hale Relicina relicinula (Mull Arg.) Hale 31. Relicinopsis Elix & Verdon Relicinopsis intertexta (Mont. & Bosch) Elix & Verdon 32. Xanthoparmelia (Vain.) Hale Xanthoparmelia conspersa (Ach.) Hale 3 SHORT DIAGNOSE OF THE STUDIED GENERA OF PARMELIOID GENERA 1. Pleurosticta (2) 2 sp. Northern hemisphere (Eurasia and North Africa). Temperate. Antioceanic. Brown cortex HNO3 + violet. Medullary metabolites: β-orcinol depsidones Broad lobes. Adnate thallus. Pored epicortex. Lacking pseudocyphellae. Simple rhizines Isolichenan Large ascospores (12-16 x 6-11 µm). 4 SHORT DIAGNOSE OF THE STUDIED GENERA OF PARMELIOID GENERA 2 Melanelia disjuncta group Pseudomelanelia (3) (at least Melanelia disjuncta, Melanelia sorediata, Melanelia tominii) Northern hemisphere (Eurasia and North Africa). Temperate. Antioceanic. Brown cortex HNO3 - Medullary metabolites: Orcinol depsides (perlatolic acid, stenosporic acid, girophoric acid) Lobes sublinear, plane to convex, inflated. Adpresse thallus Not pored epicortex Pseudocyphellae flat efigurate. Simple rhizines Ascospores (8-12x4-7 µm) 5 SHORT DIAGNOSE OF THE STUDIED GENERA OF PARMELIOID GENERA 3. Emodomelamelia massonii (1) (at least Parmelia massoniii) Northern hemisphere (Asia, Himalaya). Temperate. Antioceanic. Brown cortex HNO3 + pale to dark blue green Medulla: several strains: negative/ or K-, C-, Pd+ red-orange Medullary metabolites: β-Orcinol depsidones, aliphatic acids. Lobes moderate to narrow, sublinear, sometimes developing secondary lobes Thallus adnate to pulvinate or panniform. Not pored epicortex Pseudocyphellae (fenestrations) efigurate on lobes surface. Simple rhizines simple, rarely furcated. Ascospores 13-16 x 6-9 µm 6 SHORT DIAGNOSE OF THE STUDIED GENERA OF PARMELIOID GENERA 4. Melanohalea (20) Northern hemisphere (Eurasia, North Africa and North America). Temperate. Antioceanic. Brown cortex HNO3- Medullary metabolites β- Orcinol Depsidones or none Lobes subiregular, plain to concave. Adnate to adpress thallus Not pored epicortex Pseudocyphellae on tuberculae. Simple rhizines Ascospores 6-20x4-12 µm 7 SHORT DIAGNOSE OF THE STUDIED GENERA OF PARMELIOID GENERA 5. Melanelixia (11) North and Southern hemispheres; Southern species are monophyletic and nested in terminal clades. Temperate. Antioceanic. Brown cortex HNO3 - Medullary metabolites: Orcinol Depsides Lobes subiregular, plain to concave. Adnate thallus Pored or fenestrate epicortex with efigurate maculae. Pseudocyphellae Simple rhizines Ascospores 9-15x5-11 µm 8 SHORT DIAGNOSE OF THE STUDIED GENERA OF PARMELIOID GENERA 6. Cetrelia (15) Northern hemisphere (overall in south East Asia and North America) but also rarely in Southern hemisphere. Temperate and tropical. Oceanic. Gray cortex with Atranorin Medullary orcinol depsides and orcinol depsidones Lobes broad and both sides exposed Not adnate thallus. Not pored epicortex Psudocyphellae punctiform Simple rhizines Apothecia commonly perforate Isolichenan Ascospores 11-22 x 6-12 µm 9 SHORT DIAGNOSE OF THE STUDIED GENERA OF PARMELIOID GENERA 7. Xanthoparmelia (700) Southern hemisphere but also represented in the Northern one. Temperate and xero tropical regions. Oceanic (mediterranean), subarid to arid. Foliaceous (laminar or umbilicate), crustaceous or vagrant. Laking cilia. Cortex green-yellowish or white or brown HNO3 + (with or without usnic acid and with or without melanoid pygment). Medullary orcinol depsides and orcinol depsidones; β-orcinol depsides, β-orcinol depsidones, aliphatic acids, antraquinones, amino acid derivatives. When foliaceous thalli are adnate Pored epicortex Pseudocyphellae lacking but some strongly maculate (fenestrations) Simple rhizines Apothecia common Xantholichenan Ascospores vacuolar aparat arachiform 10 SHORT DIAGNOSE OF THE STUDIED GENERA OF PARMELIOID GENERA 8. Canoparmelia s. str.(texana group: C. texana, C. caroliniana, C. concrescens, C. nairobiensis) (4) Northern and Southern hemispheres. Pantemperate but Pantropical or subtropical at higher elevation. Oceanic. Foliaceous. Cortex gray to white. Medullary metabolites orcinol depsides and β-orcinol depsides. Upper surface not reticulate but weak maculae (slightly fenestrate) Lobes sublinear. Laking cilia. Thallus adnate Pored epicortex Pseudocyphellae lacking but effigurate maculae (fenestrations) present Simple rhizines Isolichenan Ascospores 7-15x6-8µm 11 SHORT DIAGNOSE OF THE STUDIED GENERA OF PARMELIOID GENERA 9. Canoparmelia crozalsiana group. Includes: C.crozalsiana, C. carneopruinata, C. schelpei, C. inhamiensis) (4) Northern and Southern hemispheres. Pantemperate Oceanic. Foliaceous. Cortex gray to white. Medullary metabolites β-orcinol depsides and depsidones,. Upper surface strongly reticulate with maculae (fenestrations) delimiting concave areolae. Lobes subiregular. Laking cilia. Thallus adnate Pored epicortex Simple rhizines Ascospores 8-13x4-8 µm 12 SHORT DIAGNOSE OF THE STUDIED GENERA OF PARMELIOID GENERA 10. Austroparmelina (7) (includes all the species of Parmelina from Australia) Southern hemisphere. Temperate. Moderately oceanic. Foliaceous Cortex gray to white. Medullary orcinol and β-orcinol depsides, aliphatic acids, antraquinones, amino acid derivatives. Lobes sublinear ciliate especially in lobe axils. Thallus adnate Pored or slightly fenestrate epicortex. Pseudocyphellae lacking, more or less maculatae. Simple rhizines Isolichenan Apothecia: lacking dark (black) stain below anphithecium. Ascospores more globose than in Parmelina. 13 SHORT DIAGNOSE OF THE STUDIED GENERA OF PARMELIOID GENERA
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