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Autumn Department of Physics Newsletter Issue
Autumn 2018, Number 13 Department of Physics Newsletter BEECROFT BUILDING OFFICIAL OPENING BEAUTIFUL HIGGS BOSON DECAYS MAGNETIC PINWHEELS EXTREME BEAM CONTROL COSMIC SHOCKS IN THE LABORATORY PEOPLE, EVENTS AND MORE www.physics.ox.ac.uk PROUD WINNERS OF: SCIENCE NEWS SCIENCE NEWS www.physics.ox.ac.uk/research www.physics.ox.ac.uk/research BEAUTIFUL HIGGS BOSON EXTREME BEAM CONTROL An Oxford team has succeeded in stabilising the arrival time of a ‘relativistic’ beam of electrons, travelling at almost the speed of light, to 50 femtoseconds. This overcomes one of the major challenges facing the proposed DECAYS Compact Linear Collider (CLIC). On 28 August 2018 the ATLAS and Higgs from the background. These Standard Model, the prevailing theory CMS collaborations announced, with results were used in the final Tevatron of particle physics. If this prediction had a seminar at CERN, the observation of combination, which reached almost turned out to be incorrect, it would have the Higgs boson decaying into pairs of three standard deviations in 2012, not shaken the foundations of the Standard beauty (b) quarks. Both experiments enough for a discovery. Model and pointed to new physics. at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) Instead, this is an important milestone had surpassed the five standard and a beautiful confirmation of the EXPERIMENTAL CONFIRMATION deviations (sigma) mark for this process, so-called 'Yukawa couplings', which in Prof Daniela Bortoletto which is the convention in particle Goethe said: ‘Not art and science the Standard Model give masses to all Head of Particle Physics physics to claim a discovery. Five- serve alone; patience must in the quarks and leptons, the building blocks sigma corresponds to a probability of work be shown.’ It was with patience, of matter. -
TRAPPING a STAR in a MAGNETIC DOUGHNUT the Physics of Magnetic Confinement Fusion
Spring 2016, Number 8 Department of Physics Newsletter TRAPPING A STAR IN A MAGNETIC DOUGHNUT The physics of magnetic confinement fusion RATTLING DARK MATTER THE CAGE: IN OUR GALAXY Making new superconductors Novel dynamics is bringing the Galaxy's and gravitational waves: using lasers dark matter into much sharper focus a personal reaction ALUMNI STORIES EVENTS PEOPLE Richard JL Senior and Elspeth Garman Remembering Dick Dalitz; Oxford Five minutes with Geoff Stanley; reflect on their experiences celebrates Nobel Prize; Physics Challenge Awards and Prizes Day and many more events www.physics.ox.ac.uk SCIENCE NEWS SCIENCE NEWS www.physics.ox.ac.uk/research www.physics.ox.ac.uk/research Prof James Binney FRS Right: Figure 2. The red arrows show the direction of the Galaxy’s gravitational field by our current DARK MATTER reckoning. The blue lines show the direction the field would have if the disc were massless. The mass © JOHN CAIRNS JOHN © IN OUR GALAXY of the disc tips the field direction In the Rudolf Peierls Centre for Theoretical Physics novel dynamics is towards the equatorial plane. A more massive disc would tip it bringing the Galaxy's dark matter into much sharper focus further. Far right: Figure 3. The orbits in In 1937 Fritz Zwicky pointed out that in clusters of clouds of hydrogen to large distances from the centre of the R plane of two stars that both galaxies like that shown in Fig. 1, galaxies move much NGC 3198. The data showed that gas clouds moved on z move past the Sun with a speed of faster than was consistent with estimates of the masses perfectly circular orbits at a speed that was essentially 72 km s−1. -
Beyond the Boson Graphene's 3D Counterparts Superconductivity
Autumn 2014, Number 5 Department of Physics Newsletter Beyond the boson The next steps for particle physics Superconductivity: Strike while the iron is hot Oxford researchers synthesise new iron based high temperature superconductor Graphene’s 3D counterparts Oxford researchers have discovered a new series of materials that are a 3D version of graphene ALUMNI STORIES EVENTS MOSELEY & X-RAYS PEOPLE Jean Chu (Holmes) reflects Alumni day at the Clarendon Part II of Prof Derek Stacey’s Five minutes with David Lloyd; on life as a female physics Laboratory; Bonn in Oxford; remarkable story celebrating Comings, Goings and Awards student at St Hugh’s, 1956–59 Alumni experience the LHC Henry Moseley’s work www.physics.ox.ac.uk SCIENCE NEWS SCIENCE NEWS www.physics.ox.ac.uk/research www.physics.ox.ac.uk/research in research labs, to steering oxides were shown to exhibit superconductivity the beams around particle at temperatures well above 100 Kelvin (a accelerators (such as the phenomenon which is still far from understood). SUPERCONDUCTIVITY: Large Hadron Collider at CERN) and confining the EXPLORING NEW PHYSICS STRIKE WHILE THE IRON IS HOT plasma in a fusion reactor. But perhaps their most Here in Oxford our current focus is on the newly important application has A little over a century after the discovery of quantum coherent state, a concept also applicable to discovered materials that contain iron. Some been in magnetic resonance superconductivity we are still missing some vital superfluids and Bose-Einstein condensates of cold of these have transition temperatures above imaging (MRI), the clues in understanding how and why the effect atoms. -
Parliamentary Debates (Hansard)
Thursday Volume 566 18 July 2013 No. 39 HOUSE OF COMMONS OFFICIAL REPORT PARLIAMENTARY DEBATES (HANSARD) Thursday 18 July 2013 £5·00 © Parliamentary Copyright House of Commons 2013 This publication may be reproduced under the terms of the Open Parliament licence, which is published at www.parliament.uk/site-information/copyright/. 1295 18 JULY 2013 1296 Vince Cable: The hon. Gentleman is correct to say House of Commons that our overall export performance would improve considerably if more British companies were exporting. The big contrast with Germany is that roughly twice as Thursday 18 July 2013 many of its small and medium-sized enterprises are involved in exporting. UKTI has been substantially The House met at half-past Nine o’clock reformed in the past couple of years, and it now has a much more small and medium-sized company focus. It has activities around the country, and we have a lot of PRAYERS evidence that its outreach is substantially improving. I hope that it will reach the companies in the hon. Gentleman’s constituency too. [MR SPEAKER in the Chair] Mr Iain Wright (Hartlepool) (Lab): At the last Business, Innovation and Skills questions, the Secretary of State Oral Answers to Questions admitted: “The figures on exports are not great”.—[Official Report, 13 June 2013; Vol. 564, c. 470.] Since then, the UK trade deficit has widened to the BUSINESS, INNOVATION AND SKILLS point at which it is now the largest trade gap in the European Union, and the widest it has been since 1989. Following on from the question from my hon. -
Review of the Year 2009/10
Invest in future scientific leaders and in innovation Review of the year 2009/10 1 Celebrating 350 years Review of the year 2009/10 02 Review of the year 2009/10 President’s foreword Executive Secretary’s report Review of the year 2009/10 03 Contents President’s foreword ..............................................................02 Inspire an interest in the joy, wonder Executive Secretary’s report ..................................................03 and excitement of scientific discovery ..................................16 Invest in future scientific leaders and in innovation ..............04 Seeing further: the Royal Society celebrates 350 years .......20 Influence policymaking with the best scientific advice ........08 Summarised financial statements .........................................22 Invigorate science and mathematics education ...................10 Income and expenditure statement ......................................23 Increase access to the best science internationally ..............12 Fundraising and support ........................................................24 List of donors ..........................................................................25 President’s Executive foreword Secretary’s report This year we have focused on the excellent This has been a remarkable year for the Society, our opportunity afforded by our 350th anniversary 350th, and we have mounted a major programme not only to promote the work of the Society to inspire minds, young and old alike, with the but to raise the profile of science -
Parliamentary Debates House of Commons Official Report General Committees
PARLIAMENTARY DEBATES HOUSE OF COMMONS OFFICIAL REPORT GENERAL COMMITTEES Public Bill Committee ENTERPRISE AND REGULATORY REFORM BILL Third Sitting Thursday 21 June 2012 CONTENTS Written evidence reported to the House. Examination of witnesses. Adjourned till Tuesday 26 June at half-past ten o’clock. PUBLISHED BY AUTHORITY OF THE HOUSE OF COMMONS LONDON – THE STATIONERY OFFICE LIMITED £5·00 PBC (Bill 007) 2012 - 2013 Members who wish to have copies of the Official Report of Proceedings in General Committees sent to them are requested to give notice to that effect at the Vote Office. No proofs can be supplied. Corrigenda slips may be published with Bound Volume editions. Corrigenda that Members suggest should be clearly marked in a copy of the report—not telephoned—and must be received in the Editor’s Room, House of Commons, not later than Monday 25 June 2012 STRICT ADHERENCE TO THIS ARRANGEMENT WILL GREATLY FACILITATE THE PROMPT PUBLICATION OF THE BOUND VOLUMES OF PROCEEDINGS IN GENERAL COMMITTEES © Parliamentary Copyright House of Commons 2012 This publication may be reproduced under the terms of the Parliamentary Click-Use Licence, available online through The National Archives website at www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/information-management/our-services/parliamentary-licence-information.htm Enquiries to The National Archives, Kew, Richmond, Surrey TW9 4DU; e-mail: [email protected] Public Bill Committee21 JUNE 2012 Enterprise and Regulatory Reform Bill The Committee consisted of the following Members: Chairs: HUGH BAYLEY,†MR -
Parliamentary Debates (Hansard)
Monday Volume 552 5 November 2012 No. 63 HOUSE OF COMMONS OFFICIAL REPORT PARLIAMENTARY DEBATES (HANSARD) Monday 5 November 2012 £5·00 © Parliamentary Copyright House of Commons 2012 This publication may be reproduced under the terms of the Open Parliament licence, which is published at www.parliament.uk/site-information/copyright/. 571 5 NOVEMBER 2012 572 compensation. Does my hon. Friend agree that the House of Commons position is unfair and should be reviewed by HMRC? Monday 5 November 2012 Steve Webb: I am grateful to my hon. Friend for raising that case. I have corresponded with Treasury The House met at half-past Two o’clock colleagues about the issue, and, subject to their consent, I shall be happy to share with him the reply that I have PRAYERS just received. [MR SPEAKER in the Chair] Disability Strategy 2. Stuart Andrew (Pudsey) (Con): What progress he Oral Answers to Questions has made on the Government’s disability strategy. [126299] WORK AND PENSIONS The Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for Work and Pensions (Esther McVey): Fulfilling Potential, our The Secretary of State was asked— disability strategy, is being co-produced with disabled people. We published “Fulfilling Potential—The Discussions UK Pension-holders So Far” and “Fulfilling Potential—Next Steps” on 17 September. Our key themes, which we intend to 1. Dan Jarvis (Barnsley Central) (Lab): What steps he make a real difference, are early intervention, choice is taking to ensure that foreign conglomerates carry out and control, and inclusive communities. their responsibilities to UK pension-holders. [126298] The Minister of State, Department for Work and Stuart Andrew: Can the Minister explain what the Pensions (Steve Webb): As this is the first session of role of the disabled people’s user-led organisations will DWP questions since the announcement of the untimely be in the strategy? death of Malcolm Wicks, I hope that you will allow me, Mr. -
Dansk Matematisk Forening Mat-Nyt Calendar
DANSK MATEMATISK FORENING MAT-NYT CALENDAR This document is a hard copy of all entries in the electronic Mat-Nyt calendar of the Danish Mathematical Society covering the period 2004-1-1 – 2004-2-1. Produced Thu Jan 5, 2006 1 MAT-NYT The Danish National Research Foundation Network in Mathematical Physics and Stochastics Mathematical Physics Seminar A Hamiltonian model for linear friction Stephan de Bievre, Villeneuve d’Ascq, France Mon Jan 19 2004, 14:15 - 15:15 Abstract I will present a Hamiltonian model of a particle coupled to a suitable wave field, describing the particle’s environment, in which a simple version of Ohm’s law is valid. When an external force is applied, the particle reaches asymptotically a constant speed proportional to the applied field. I will review the related literature, compare this phenomenon to the one of radiative dissipation, and indicate some of the many open problems Organized by MPS Editor 2004-01-16 13:44:36 ( [email protected] / [email protected] ) 2 MAT-NYT INSTITUT FOR MATEMATISKE FAG MATEMATISK AFDELING KØBENHAVNS UNIVERSITET ALGEBRA SEMINAR The Inverse problem in Gr¨obner basis theory Amelia Taylor, Assistant Professor, St. Olaf College USA Mon Jan 19 2004, 15:15 Abstract Given an ideal in a polynomial ring its initial ideal is easy to compute and is well studied using Gr¨obner basis theory. However, given a monomial ideal what can we say about the types of ideals it is the initial ideal for, that is do we know anything about the inverse problem for Gr¨obner basis theory? This question as stated is currently considered to be too broad, however progress has been made in determining when a monomial ideal is the initial ideal of a prime ideal and in most of the known cases we can we construct the prime ideal. -
Oxfordcolleges
Oxford colleges Oxford University is made up of different colleges. Colleges are academic communities. They are where students usually have their tutorials. Each one has its own dining hall, bar, common room and library, and lots of college groups and societies. If you study here you will be a member of a college, and probably have your tutorials in that college. You will also be a member of the wider University, with access to University and department facilities like laboratories and libraries, as well as hundreds of University groups and societies. You would usually have your lectures and any lab work in your department, with other students from across the University. There is something to be said for an academic atmosphere wherein everyone you meet is both passionate about what they are studying and phenomenally clever to boot. Ziad 144| Does it matter which college I go to? What is a JCR? No. Colleges have a lot more in common than Junior Common Room, or JCR, means two they have differences. Whichever college you go different things. Firstly, it is a room in college: to, you will be studying for the same degree at the a lively, sociable place where you can take time end of your course. out, eat, watch television, play pool or table football, and catch up with friends. The term Can I choose my college? JCR also refers to all the undergraduates in a college. The JCR elects a committee which Yes, you can express a preference. When you organises parties, video evenings and other apply through UCAS (see ‘how to apply’ on p 6) events, and also concerns itself with the serious you can choose a college, or you can make an side of student welfare, including academic ‘open application’. -
RSE Fellows Ordered by Area of Expertise As at 11/10/2016
RSE Fellows ordered by Area of Expertise as at 11/10/2016 HRH Prince Charles The Prince of Wales KG KT GCB Hon FRSE HRH The Duke of Edinburgh KG KT OM, GBE Hon FRSE HRH The Princess Royal KG KT GCVO, HonFRSE A1 Biomedical and Cognitive Sciences 2014 Professor Judith Elizabeth Allen FRSE, FMedSci, Professor of Immunobiology, University of Manchester. 1998 Dr Ferenc Andras Antoni FRSE, Honorary Fellow, Centre for Integrative Physiology, University of Edinburgh. 1993 Sir John Peebles Arbuthnott MRIA, PPRSE, FMedSci, Former Principal and Vice-Chancellor, University of Strathclyde. Member, Food Standards Agency, Scotland; Chair, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde. 2010 Professor Andrew Howard Baker FRSE, FMedSci, BHF Professor of Translational Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Glasgow. 1986 Professor Joseph Cyril Barbenel FRSE, Former Professor, Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Strathclyde. 2013 Professor Michael Peter Barrett FRSE, Professor of Biochemical Parasitology, University of Glasgow. 2005 Professor Dame Sue Black DBE, FRSE, Director, Centre for Anatomy and Human Identification, University of Dundee. ; Director, Centre for Anatomy and Human Identification, University of Dundee. 2007 Professor Nuala Ann Booth FRSE, Former Emeritus Professor of Molecular Haemostasis and Thrombosis, University of Aberdeen. 2001 Professor Peter Boyle CorrFRSE, FMedSci, Former Director, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon. 1991 Professor Sir Alasdair Muir Breckenridge CBE KB FRSE, FMedSci, Emeritus Professor of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Liverpool. 2007 Professor Peter James Brophy FRSE, FMedSci, Professor of Anatomy, University of Edinburgh. Director, Centre for Neuroregeneration, University of Edinburgh. 2013 Professor Gordon Douglas Brown FRSE, FMedSci, Professor of Immunology, University of Aberdeen. 2012 Professor Verity Joy Brown FRSE, Provost of St Leonard's College, University of St Andrews. -
Read Publication
CHOICE WHAT CHOICE COVER HDS:CHOICE WHAT CHOICE COVER HDS 12/12/07 16:04 Page 1 For nearly twenty years parents have been allowed to choose which schools their children attend. Or that is the theory. In practice, hundreds of thousands are denied their first choice and their children remain trapped in inadequate schools. School choice has failed to deliver because there is no market in education within which it can operate. Restrictions on the Choice? What Choice? supply of places in good schools mean that school providers cannot respond to parental preferences as they would do in a normal consumer market. Choice? The supply side of the education market is so constrained by administrative and even physical barriers that few new suppliers manage to surmount them. These barriers are the focus of our What Choice? report – why they occur and, most importantly, how they can be removed. On academies we show sponsors’ unease at the Brown Government’s attitude and we ask why, if freedom is good for some schools it should not be available to all schools? Supply and demand in English education On surplus places and competitions for new schools we show how reforms passed under Tony Blair to provide potential new suppliers with a number of routes to enter the state system are being ignored by local authorities keen on retaining control of and Sam Freedman Eleanor Sturdy the school system. And on planning we show how demographic growth could cause crisis for authorities who have focused on removing surplus places with little regard for competition or flexibility of demand. -
Go Fund Yourself
Exclusive poll: how to fix schools issue 2013 | february 203 www.prospect-magazine.co.uk february 2013 | £4.50 New new britain hard politics Britain Hard politics Plus Salmond’s blind leap JOHN KERR Israel: last chance for a two-state solution? HENRY SIEGMAN On feminism JAGDISH BHAGWATI The genius dead at 26 A C GRAYLING How to end a civil war MEERA SELVA ISSN 1359-5024 Go fund yourself: 02 Raising cash online KEVIN REDMON 9 771359 502057 prospect february 2013 1 Foreword Another country 2 bloomsbury place, London wc1a 2qa Publishing 020 7255 1281 Editorial 020 7255 1344 Fax 020 7255 1279 Email [email protected] [email protected] Website www.prospectmagazine.co.uk Editorial Editor and chief executive bronwen Maddox Editor at large David Goodhart Deputy editor James elwes britain has become a different country in just a decade. Politics editor James Macintyre Books editor David Wolf that is the message of the census, which showed the largest Creative director David Killen Production editor Jessica abrahams growth in the population since the survey began 200 years Online editor Daniel cohen Editorial assistants ed frankl, tim Wigmore, ago. politicians are in flight from the implications. No party robin McGhee has addressed the five serious questions arising from this Publishing President & co-founder Derek coombs change, as philip collins argues (p26). the first is where Commercial director alex stevenson parties should seek their voters, given that the old politics Publishing consultant David Hanger Circulation marketing director yvonne of identity, based on religion or class, have broken down.