CENSUS OF INDIA 1961 DISTRICT CENSUS HANDBOOK AKOLAr Compiled by THE MAHARASHTRA CENSUS OFFICE BOMBAY 1964 Printed in India by the Manager, Government Central Press, Bombay, and Published by the Director, Government Printing and Stationery, Maharashtra State, Bombay-4. [Price-Rs. Eight] _._----------------------------....;..---:..-_----- (1;"1'" ~ { R A ..,0 V AKOLA DISTRICT ... f -- - - --·-~= ..~-! 1 . ! ~! S I ' U I!l C ...• ~.' ••. ~ CO P"A D ! , ' li1tltlllf. "'. .. .. •• r(A~:K . ; tl · .t W "l i ~t: ... ,~ .. •. • . .. .. ""' IL . 1 fJUH. ltT U UiilUifl •• •.• • • __ ) 1W lJ (1 ,e ~ ti (i Ul(" , ••• •• •• _. _._ , 1I l lIrO~luq THIIS i ~ IH ,tG[o :. !H c) I it, .r t .!~tr.,~ HI~ ~ H iln u ua~ . : f I.,u, r~u r.• u f (. 1,:.,_tla. , I , 1l1l ...~t ... "H ••• S.. ... ,--- ! t ft.Uts: t tp ~ hn b'l\ •• ~ • . , ____ I I HlIy stt"'Ch . ' " _" _ F ; 1 '~ Ul !J 1.a Y lin Q~:"R . , ••.• • • X 1 l U'uns I Sfll ~ II1I ' . ~~ ( I . th , tu'u . ...~ j ''' '',,··· · · ...... f.- I, 1:::1." ... ...... ~~1 !, l II~:';;;; ~ ~; I ~~( ·'·.:. · ::'~ .~ ; i o \ !,",·, · ·· · .. · · ··~ i f I'·"XI . .. ......... +1 A Ii -----••. ~ =:;-.:,:;.:.~,-- I D s MAHARASHTRA CENSUS, SCME:1IIY. G . PZ. p . POONA. H . C . 650. CENSUS OF INDIA 1961 Central Government Publications Census Report, Volume X-Maharashtra, is published in the following Parts I-A and B General Report J-C Subsidiary Tables II-A General Population Tables H-B (i) General Economic Tables-Industrial Classificiltion I II-B (ii) General Economic Tables-Occupational Classificatio~ H-C (i) . Social and Cultural Tables H-C (ii) .. Migration Tables III Household Economic Tables IV Report on Housing and Establishments V-A Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes in Maharashtra-Tables V-B Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes in Maharashtra-Ethno. graphic Notes_ VI (1-35) Village Surveys (35 monographs on 35 selected villages) VII-A Handicrafts in Maharashtra VII-B Fairs and Festivals in Maharashtra VIII-A Administration Report-Enumeration (For official use only) VIII-B Administration Report-Tabulation (For official use only) IX Census Atlas of Maharashtra X (1-12) Cities of Maharashtra (15 volumes-Four volumes on Greater Bombay and One each on other eleven Cities) State Government Publications 25 Volumes of District Census Handbooks in English 25 Volumes of District Census Handbooks in Marathi Alphabetical List of Villages in Maharashtra PREFACE On the sugg~stion of th~ Census Commissioner, India, the Governm~nt of Ml.1l1.rashtra decided to p:lb:.ish th~ District Census Handb:>oks ~n th~ blsis of the material collected during the 1961 Census for all the districts in MJ.huashtra. A Committee consisting of the Executive Editor and Secretary of the District Ga.zetteers (Revision) Editorial Board, the Sup !rintendent of Census Op~rations, Mah'lrashtra, and th~ Director, Bureau of Economics and Statistics, M.lnrashtra, was app)inted to d~te(mine th~ contents and review th~ dnfts of each volume. This is one of the twenty-five volumes compiled in the M.lurashtra Census Office and p..:.bJsh~d under thlt sch:!me. District Handb~oks had b~en p-tblished from the 1951 Census data also. As in tbe past, th ~ p-esent volume contains a set of 1961 Census Tables for the district and also presents blsic demo­ g-Lphic and economic informatiQn f01 each village scplrately. The- following imp:ovements have, hJwever, been made in the 1961 series :- (i) Th~ addition of a comp-ehensive note introducing the district; (ii) Th! four-coloured map of th~ district; (iii) Taluka map> showing the location of each village in the district supplemented by a'ph~.b~ticallists of villages; (iv) Supplementary information sh~wing blSic amenities available for each village; and (v) Addition of Part III containing 33 Tables on other official statistics. These new features will make the volume a valuable reference for the Central and State Governments, District Administrators, d('plrtments eng".gcd in planning and develop-nent work, legislators, private trade and business. Need for such material is far g"eater today as the functions of planning and implementation of development schemes have now percolated to district, taluka and village levels. Marathi version of this volume is also being issued seplrately. Part I of the volume presents villag~wise statistics, Part II contains the 1961 Census Tables preplTed for the district and Part III contains official statistics on Climate, Rainfall, Ag"iculture, Industry, Education, Health and a few other aspects. An explanatory note is added at the b~ginning of each P:l.rt to describe the layout of the Tables and the terms or concepts used. Parts I and II are based entirely on the data collected at the 1961 Census. Part III is based on the material furnished by the District Statistical Officer and the officers of the drplrtments concerned. Vil1ag~wise populationl'> shown in Part I are valid for Sunrise of 1st March 1961 and are not adjusted for seasonal migration to or from other areas. The introductory note at the beginning of the volume describes the present administrative set-up and some of the socio-economic facets of life in the district. It will illustrate how the statistics presented in the volume could be used for economic accounting or as controls of plan achievements in the district. For this note, we have drawn heavily on the District Gazetteers, Survey and Settlement H 4223-1a iv PREPACE Reports, Annual Administration Reports and other Government publications. Some Heads of Departments also supplied the latest available material for the volume. We are indebted to them all. Any views expressed in the introductory note or elsewhere in the volume are personal and the Government is not responsible for them. In the Census Office, every one has done something for this stupendous task of compilation and collation of statistics, preparation of notes and reading of proofs. I should specially mention Shri N. Y. Gore, Tabulation Officer, for his sincere and thorough work on compilation and proof reading of Part I, Shri G. S. Gokarn, Tabulation Officer, for his painstaking work on MSS and proofs of Parts II and III, Shri S. K. Desbpande and Shri R. E. Chowdhary for assistan~e in preparing the introductory note, Shri S. Y. Pradhan and Shri B. M. Nagarkar, Draughtsmen, for Maps, Charts and I Diagrams. Shri K. H. Shevade of our office looked after the layout of the Tables Ilnd printing of the volume. Shri R. G. Phadke and Shri D. V. Rangnekar, Deputy Superintendents o(Census pperations, and Shri G. M. Raj&dhyaksha, Tabulation Officer, made valuable contributions at an stages ,and sp~cially in the preparation of notes. Acknowledgments are due to the Manager, Goveniment Central Press, Bombay, and Shri J. D. Gandhi, Manager, Government Photozincographic Press, Poona. In spite of heavy pressure of work on their presses they did their best to print this volume speedily. I am obliged to Shri Asok Mitra, I.C.S., Census Commission~, India, for valuable suggestions for improving this volume. I am also indebted to Shri "Setu Madhava Rao and Shri M. A. Telang, Members of the District Census Handbook Committee, who not only supplied useful material from their departments but also read through the MSS and encouraged us through this venture. BOMBAY: The 15th October 1964 B. A. KULKARNI CONTENTS INTRODUCING THB DISTRICf (1)-(50) Physical Features (I) ; Administrative Set-up (2) ; Zilla Parishad and Panchayat Samitis (6) ; Village Panchayats (8); Population (9); Ung1lages (19); Religions (19) ; Scheduled Castes (20); Welfare of Backward Classes (22) ; Education (23); Health and Medical Amenities (28) ; Housing (29) ; Agriculture and Irrigltion (29) ; Agrarian Structure and Land Reforms (36); Co-operation (37); Forests (H); Fisheries (40); Mining and Quarrying (40) ; Industries (41) ; Power (42) ; Trade and Commerce (42) ; Communica,ti"ns and Transport (44); Construction (45) ; Other Services (45) ; Broad Aspects of Bconomy (46). PART I-Village Directory 1-81 PART U-census Tables 83-186 PART IIl-Othe~. Official Statistics lR7-218 (Subjectwise Contents for Parts I, II and III may be seen at pages 2, 85 and 188, re~pectively) LIST OF MAPS, CHARTS AND DIAGRAMS Alcola District Frontispiece The District in Maharashtra : :}FaCing page (1) Percentages by Area and Population .. Population, 1901-1961 (9) Variation in Population, 1951-1961 (10) Density of Population, 1961 (11) Distribution by Age-groups, 1961 (13) Sex Ratio, 1901-1961 (14) Marital Status, 1961 (15) Literacy, 1901-1961 (23) Literacy, 1961 (25) Literacy and Educational Levels, 1961 (21) Land Utilisation (31) Crop Pattern (33) Distribution of Workers, 1961 (47) AlcotTaluka Facing page S Balapur Tatuka Facingpage 19 Akola TaJuka Facing page 29 Murtazapur Taluka Facing page 45 Mangrulpir Taluka Facingpage 59 Washim Taluka Facing page 69 Weekly Markets Facingpage 214 Fairs Facing page 217 INTRODUCING THE DISTRICT This nvte describes the admin;,fratil'e set-up alld some socio-economic facets of !tfe in the dIstrict THE DISTRICT IN MAHARASHTRA. P'lo. 2 7&" • ,. iaFE.nlE DI.TIUCT tie. ••••••• "" 0 Z D'.TItICT 80("tD~IIY" • MA.JOII ROAD... •• • • • • .- RAILWAYS. • • • • • • •• ............... Illy..... .. .. ..-.....:::s III 70 '40 .. , .... .,. a ,. .. 78 PERCENTAGES BY PERCENTAGES BY AREA POPULATION MAHARASHTRA CENSUS BOMBAY Q,P.z.P. POONA-tgea INTRODUCING THE DISTRICT PHYSICAL FEATURES The northern part of the district lies in the Puma Climate valley which is itself a part of Tapi river basin. The Monthly temperature records for the district river Puma, which is a chief tributary of the river Tapi, are available for Akola station only (Ta.ble 1 in has formed a fertile basin in the four talukas of the Part III). district, viz. Akot, Balapur, Akola and Murtazapur. This portion of the district is known as Payanghat. The rainy season starts in the beginning of June and The southern part is known as Balaghat and is drained lasts up to the end of September.