HAM RADIO TERMS Your Specific Model of Radio
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The Future of Human-Computer Interaction: Overview of Input Devices
The future of human-computer interaction: overview of input devices Fabrizio Fornari School of Computer Science H´ask´olinn´ıReykjav´ık- Reykjav´ıkUniversity Reykjav´ık,Iceland November, 2012 Abstract We are in 2012 and we are still using the mouse and the keyboard to interact with a computer. We have seen a lot of changes in the world of Computer Science, relating to: performance, design and the way we interact with the computer. Differ- ent input devices have been developed around the computer, starting from the most recent touchscreens, continuing with webcams, microphones, and arriving to the oldest mice and keyboards. The aim of this research is to let the reader imagine a new way to interact with the computer. To reach our purpose, we introduce advanced technologies such as: Speech and Voice Recognition, Electronic Perception, Eye Tracking and Brain Computer In- terfaces. We propose examples of the cited technologies that may change the paradigm that saw, until now, keyboard and mouse as leaders of the input devices. 1 1 Introduction From the computer's birth1, we saw a lot of changes in the world of Com- puter Science. Changes relating to: performance, design and human-computer interaction [49]. A few years ago, the words \input device" evoked in our mind only two specific objects: the keyboard and the mouse - the main instruments used to provide data to a personal computer. Keyboard and mouse are, in fact, two of the first input devices in the history of computer. Nowadays, with the evolution of computers, we have a large set of input de- vices that changed the way we interact with the computer. -
How to Configure Radios for Use with Repeaters
Concept of How to Configure Your Handheld and Mobile Radio for Use on a Repeater System VA6RPL Peter LaGrandeur Calgary Amateur Radio Association 2015 Learning Conference Limitations of “Standalone” Radios such as Handhelds and Vehicle Mounted Mobiles. Short Range of Coverage Signal easily blocked by major obstacles such as mountains, valleys, urban infrastructure What is a “Repeater” Radio? A repeater is basically a two way radio that receives a signal on one frequency, and simultaneously retransmits it on another frequency. It can retransmit with much greater power than received, and can send over a much wider area. A good example is where users are scattered in various areas separated by mountains; if a repeater is situated on top of a central mountain, it can gather signals from surrounding valleys, and rebroadcast them to all surrounding valleys. Handy! From there, repeater stations can be “linked” together to connect a series of repeater radios, each in a different area. With this, every time a user transmits on his mobile or handheld, his call will be heard simultaneously over all the repeater transmitters. And, yes! Repeater stations can now be connected via the internet. This internet linking is called IRLP – Internet Relay Linking Project. For example, a repeater in Calgary can link, via the internet, with an IRLP repeater anywhere in the world. You can carry on a two way radio conversation with someone in a faraway land with the assistance of the internet. Locating of Repeater Stations The higher the better. Yes, there are even satellite repeaters for amateur radio. In places that afford the best coverage in as many directions as possible. -
The Beginner's Handbook of Amateur Radio
FM_Laster 9/25/01 12:46 PM Page i THE BEGINNER’S HANDBOOK OF AMATEUR RADIO This page intentionally left blank. FM_Laster 9/25/01 12:46 PM Page iii THE BEGINNER’S HANDBOOK OF AMATEUR RADIO Clay Laster, W5ZPV FOURTH EDITION McGraw-Hill New York San Francisco Washington, D.C. Auckland Bogotá Caracas Lisbon London Madrid Mexico City Milan Montreal New Delhi San Juan Singapore Sydney Tokyo Toronto McGraw-Hill abc Copyright © 2001 by The McGraw-Hill Companies. All rights reserved. Manufactured in the United States of America. Except as per- mitted under the United States Copyright Act of 1976, no part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the publisher. 0-07-139550-4 The material in this eBook also appears in the print version of this title: 0-07-136187-1. All trademarks are trademarks of their respective owners. Rather than put a trademark symbol after every occurrence of a trade- marked name, we use names in an editorial fashion only, and to the benefit of the trademark owner, with no intention of infringe- ment of the trademark. Where such designations appear in this book, they have been printed with initial caps. McGraw-Hill eBooks are available at special quantity discounts to use as premiums and sales promotions, or for use in corporate training programs. For more information, please contact George Hoare, Special Sales, at [email protected] or (212) 904-4069. TERMS OF USE This is a copyrighted work and The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. -
Federal Communications Commission § 80.110
SUBCHAPTER D—SAFETY AND SPECIAL RADIO SERVICES PART 80—STATIONS IN THE 80.71 Operating controls for stations on land. MARITIME SERVICES 80.72 Antenna requirements for coast sta- tions. Subpart A—General Information 80.74 Public coast station facilities for a te- lephony busy signal. GENERAL 80.76 Requirements for land station control Sec. points. 80.1 Basis and purpose. 80.2 Other regulations that apply. STATION REQUIREMENTS—SHIP STATIONS 80.3 Other applicable rule parts of this chap- 80.79 Inspection of ship station by a foreign ter. Government. 80.5 Definitions. 80.80 Operating controls for ship stations. 80.7 Incorporation by reference. 80.81 Antenna requirements for ship sta- tions. Subpart B—Applications and Licenses 80.83 Protection from potentially hazardous RF radiation. 80.11 Scope. 80.13 Station license required. OPERATING PROCEDURES—GENERAL 80.15 Eligibility for station license. 80.17 Administrative classes of stations. 80.86 International regulations applicable. 80.21 Supplemental information required. 80.87 Cooperative use of frequency assign- 80.25 License term. ments. 80.31 Cancellation of license. 80.88 Secrecy of communication. 80.37 One authorization for a plurality of 80.89 Unauthorized transmissions. stations. 80.90 Suspension of transmission. 80.39 Authorized station location. 80.91 Order of priority of communications. 80.41 Control points and dispatch points. 80.92 Prevention of interference. 80.43 Equipment acceptable for licensing. 80.93 Hours of service. 80.45 Frequencies. 80.94 Control by coast or Government sta- 80.47 Operation during emergency. tion. 80.49 Construction and regional service re- 80.95 Message charges. -
Maintenance of Remote Communication Facility (Rcf)
ORDER rlll,, J MAINTENANCE OF REMOTE commucf~TIoN FACILITY (RCF) EQUIPMENTS OCTOBER 16, 1989 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION FEDERAL AVIATION AbMINISTRATION Distribution: Selected Airway Facilities Field Initiated By: ASM- 156 and Regional Offices, ZAF-600 10/16/89 6580.5 FOREWORD 1. PURPOSE. direction authorized by the Systems Maintenance Service. This handbook provides guidance and prescribes techni- Referenceslocated in the chapters of this handbook entitled cal standardsand tolerances,and proceduresapplicable to the Standardsand Tolerances,Periodic Maintenance, and Main- maintenance and inspection of remote communication tenance Procedures shall indicate to the user whether this facility (RCF) equipment. It also provides information on handbook and/or the equipment instruction books shall be special methodsand techniquesthat will enablemaintenance consulted for a particular standard,key inspection element or personnel to achieve optimum performancefrom the equip- performance parameter, performance check, maintenance ment. This information augmentsinformation available in in- task, or maintenanceprocedure. struction books and other handbooks, and complements b. Order 6032.1A, Modifications to Ground Facilities, Order 6000.15A, General Maintenance Handbook for Air- Systems,and Equipment in the National Airspace System, way Facilities. contains comprehensivepolicy and direction concerning the development, authorization, implementation, and recording 2. DISTRIBUTION. of modifications to facilities, systems,andequipment in com- This directive is distributed to selectedoffices and services missioned status. It supersedesall instructions published in within Washington headquarters,the FAA Technical Center, earlier editions of maintenance technical handbooksand re- the Mike Monroney Aeronautical Center, regional Airway lated directives . Facilities divisions, and Airway Facilities field offices having the following facilities/equipment: AFSS, ARTCC, ATCT, 6. FORMS LISTING. EARTS, FSS, MAPS, RAPCO, TRACO, IFST, RCAG, RCO, RTR, and SSO. -
Vfr Communications for Idiots
VFR COMMUNICATIONS FOR IDIOTS A CRANIUM RECTUM EXTRACTUS PUBLICATION INTRODUCTION The crowded nature of today’s aviation environment and the affordability of VHF transceivers for general aviation aircraft have caused the development of two-way radio communication skills to be included in a modern flight instruction curriculum. While radio communication is not required at uncontrolled airports, safety is greatly enhanced by the use of proper radio technique. Moreover, the inclusion of more and more airspace under the positive control of Air Traffic Control (ATC), inside which two-way radio communication is mandatory, has made mastery of radio skills necessary if general aviation aircraft are to be fully utilized. This article has been written to introduce the primary pilot to current radio communication techniques by using familiar examples and by avoiding confusing technobabble. Please remember that the phraseology and techniques presented here are not carved in stone! Fashions in radio communications have changed in the past, and they will certainly change in the future to satisfy the requirements of an evolving aviation environment. These recommendations should provide a starting point that will allow each pilot to develop an individual style within a framework of efficient communications. RADIO TECHNIQUE 1. Make sure the radio is audible. Place the radio power switch in the TEST position or turn down the squelch until static can be heard. Turn up the volume to the desired level, then return the poser switch to ON or turn up the squelch until the static is eliminated. Don’t miss critical radio calls just because the volume is too low. -
Article a Look at S&T Awareness
SISSA – International School for Advanced Studies Journal of Science Communication ISSN 1824 – 2049 http://jcom.sissa.it/ Article A look at S&T Awareness - Enhancements in India Chandra Mohan Nautiyal Basing mainly on author's direct involvement in some science communication efforts in India, and other reports, this contribution depicts and analyses the present science communication/ popularization scenario in India. It tries to dispel a myth that rural people don't require or don’t crave for S&T information. It discusses need for science and technology communication, sustaining curiosity and creating role models. Citing cases of some natural, 'unnatural' and organized events, it recounts how S&T popularization efforts have fared during the past decade and a half. It's made possible using print, AV and interactive media which, at times, require lot of financial inputs. However, this contribution shows that a number of natural and other phenomena can be used to convince people about power of S&T and in molding their attitude. The cases cited may be from India, but, with a little variation, are true for most of the developing and under- developed societies. 1. Introduction Considering that nearly half of the Indian population is engaged in agriculture but contributes only about one fifth to the GDP, indicates a malaise and calls for more scientific and methodical approach in the farming sector. A change is needed not only in the information base but also the attitude. Therefore, there is a need to examine the role of Science and Technology (S&T) in their lives and ways to improve the level. -
Celebrating the Radio Regulations 05/2016 Online Frequency Portals to Provide Spectrum Transparency
itunews Celebrating the Radio Regulations 05/2016 Online Frequency Portals to Provide Spectrum Transparency LS telcom Offices © istock.com Smart Spectrum Solutions Systems Solutions and Expertise in Spectrum Management, Spectrum Monitoring and Radio Network Planning & Engineering. www.LStelcom.com (Editorial) ITU Radio Regulations — Now more important than ever Houlin Zhao, ITU Secretary‑General uring this month of December we are celebrating the 110 years of existence of the ITU Radio Regulations — the essential international treaty governing the use of the radio-frequency spectrum and satellite orbits for Dubiquitous wireless communications. The ITU Radio Regulations ensure interference-free operations of radiocommunication systems and provide all countries with equitable access to the radio spectrum — a scarce natural resource that does not distinguish national borders and needs to be har- monized globally. In an increasingly “wireless” world, the Radio Regulations ena- ble all radio services to share the spectrum while satisfying their evolving requirements, protecting incumbents, and providing high-quality services to an increasingly growing number of users and applications. Since the early 1900s, the management of the radio-frequency In an spectrum and the regulation of its use have been major functions of ITU. In their role as global spectrum coordinators, ITU Member increasingly States have developed, and are constantly updating, the Radio 1 “wireless” world, Regulations. the Radio The first set of international regulations, drawn up in 1906, mainly Regulations concerned maritime radiotelegraphy. The 1906 Radiotelegraph enable all Convention gathered 30 maritime States on 3 November 1906 in Berlin for the first International Radiotelegraph Conference, and 05/2016 radio services adopted the “International Radiotelegraph Convention” estab- to share the lishing the principle of compulsory intercommunication between vessels at sea and in-land stations. -
Citizens' Band (CB) Radio Spectrum Use – Information and Operation
Citizens’ Band Radio equipment– information and operation Citizens’ Band (CB) radio spectrum use – information and operation Of 364 Guidance Publication date: March 2018 Citizens’ Band Radio equipment– information and operation Contents Section Page 1 Regulatory and equipment information 1 2 Frequently asked questions 5 3 CB operating practice 8 Citizens’ Band Radio equipment– information and operation Section 1 Regulatory and equipment information Citizens’ Band (‘CB’) radio 1.1 Citizens’ Band (‘CB’) radio operates in the 27 MHz band. It is a short-range radio service for both hobby and business use. It is designed to be used without the need for technical qualifications. However, its use must not cause interference to other radio users. Consequently, only radios meeting certain specific requirements may be used. These are described below. How Ofcom authorises the use of CB radio 1.2 Ofcom seeks to reduce regulation, where possible. In 2006, we therefore made exemption regulations1, removing the need for a person to hold a licence to operate CB radio equipment using Angle Modulation (FM/PM). 1.3 In 2014, Ofcom made further exemption regulations2, which permitted the operation of CB radio equipment using two additional modes of Amplitude Modulation (AM) - Double Side Band (DSB) and Single Side Band (SSB). This followed an international agreement3 made in 2011.”. 1.4 CB users share spectrum in a frequency band used by the Ministry of Defence (MOD). CB users must therefore accept incoming interference caused by use of this spectrum by the MOD. 1.5 CB radio equipment must be operated on a 'non-interference’ basis. -
Recommendation ITU-R V.573-4
Rec. ITU-R V.573-5 1 RECOMMENDATION ITU-R V.573-5* Radiocommunication vocabulary (1978-1982-1986-1990-2000-2007) Scope This Recommendation provides the main vocabulary reference, giving synonymous terms in three languages and the associated definitions. It includes terms given in Article 1 of the Radio Regulations (RR) and extends the list to technical terms defined in texts of the ITU-R. The ITU Radiocommunication Assembly, considering a) that Article 1 of the Radio Regulations (RR) contains the definitions of terms for regulatory purposes; b) that the Radiocommunication Study Groups have a need to establish new and amended definitions for technical terms that do not appear in RR Article 1 or that are so defined as to be unsuitable for Radiocommunication Study Group purposes; c) that it would be desirable for some of these terms and definitions established by the Radiocommunication Study Groups to be more widely used within the ITU-R, recommends that the terms listed in RR Article 1 and in Annex 1 below should be used as far as possible with the meaning ascribed to them in the corresponding definition. NOTE 1 – Study Groups are invited, where there is a difficulty in using any of the terms with the meaning given in the corresponding definition, to forward to the Coordination Committee for Vocabulary (CCV) a proposal for revision or alternative application, accompanied by substantiating argument. NOTE 2 – A number of terms in this Recommendation appear also in RR Article 1 with a different definition. These terms are identified by (RR . ., MOD) or (RR . .(MOD)) if the modifications consist only of editorial changes. -
International Code of Signals
PUB. 102 INTERNATIONAL CODE OF SIGNALS FOR VISUAL, SOUND, AND RADIO COMMUNICATIONS UNITED STATES EDITION 1969 Edition (Revised 2003) NATIONAL IMAGERY AND MAPPING AGENCY PUB. 102 International Code of Signals As adopted by the Fourth Assembly of the Inter-Governmental Maritime Consultative Organization in 1965 For Visual, Sound, and Radio Communications United States Edition, 1969 (Revised 2003) Prepared and published by the NATIONAL IMAGERY AND MAPPING AGENCY Bethesda, Maryland © COPYRIGHT 2003 BY THE UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT NO COPYRIGHT CLAIMED UNDER TITLE 17 U.S.C. For sale by the Superintendant of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office Internet: bookstore.gpo.gov Phone: toll free (866) 512-1800; DC area (202) 512-1800 Fax: (202) 512-2250 Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-0001 PREFACE Pub 102, the 1969 edition of the International Code of Signals, became effective on 1 April 1969, and at that time superseded H.O. Pubs. 103 and 104, International Code of Signals, Volumes I and II. All signals are contained in a single volume suitable for all methods of communication. The First International Code was drafted in 1855 by a Committee set up by the British Board of Trade. It contained 70,000 signals using eighteen flags and was published by the British Board of Trade in 1857 in two parts; the first containing universal and international signals and the second British signals only. The book was adopted by most seafaring nations. This early edition was revised by a Committee set up in 1887 by the British Board of Trade. The Committee’s proposals were discussed by the principal maritime powers and at the International Conference in Washington in 1889. -
ITU-T Rec. S.7 (10/76) Control of Teleprinter Motors
INTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATION UNION )45 4 3 TELECOMMUNICATION STANDARDIZATION SECTOR OF ITU 4%,%'2!0(9 !,0(!"%4)#!,4%,%'2!0(4%2-).!, %15)0-%.4 #/.42/,/&4%,%02).4%2-/4/23 )45 4Recommendation3 (Extract from the "LUE"OOK) NOTES 1 ITU-T Recommendation S.7 was published in Fascicle VII.1 of the Blue Book. This file is an extract from the Blue Book. While the presentation and layout of the text might be slightly different from the Blue Book version, the contents of the file are identical to the Blue Book version and copyright conditions remain unchanged (see below). 2 In this Recommendation, the expression “Administration” is used for conciseness to indicate both a telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency. ITU 1988, 1993 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from the ITU. Recommendation S.7 Fascicle VII.1 - Rec. S.7 CONTROL OF TELEPRINTER MOTORS (former CCIT Recommendation C.13; amended at Arnhem, 1953, and Geneva, 1976) The CCITT, considering (a) that, in the case of public and private point-to-point circuits, it is desirable that the teleprinter motors should be started with the commencement of traffic signalling and stopped with the cessation of such signalling; (b) that the general practice on such circuits is to utilize a time-delay device associated with the teleprinter which allows of such operation, unanimously declares the view (1) that, in the