Nature Conservation Strategy 2010 - 2014
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Solihull Nature Conservation Strategy 2010 - 2014 CONTENTS 1. INTRODUCTION 2 1.1 THE VISION 2 1.2 THE COMMITMENT 2 2. CONTEXT 4 2.1 POLICY BACKGROUND 4 Solihull Nature Conservation Strategy 2.2 ASSETS 5 First Review 1.0 (10 February 2010) 2.2.1 BIODIVERSITY IN SOLIHULL 5 2.2.2 GEOLOGY AND GEODIVERSITY 15 2.3 CLIMATE CHANGE 15 3. THE STRATEGY 16 3.1 PROTECTION 16 3.1.1 DESIGNATED SITES AND PROTECTED SPECIES 16 3.1.2 THE WIDER ENVIRONMENT 20 3.2 CREATION AND ENHANCEMENT 22 3.2.1 FRAGMENTED AND DAMAGED HABITATS 22 3.2.2 AREAS OF WILDLIFE SCARCITY 22 3.3 MANAGEMENT 24 3.3.1 DESIGNATED SITES 24 3.3.2 THE WIDER ENVIRONMENT 24 3.4 IMPACT OF DEVELOPMENT 26 3.4.1 SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT 26 3.5 ACCESS 28 3.5.1 GREEN SPACE 28 3.6 PROMOTION, EDUCATION AND PARTNERSHIPS 30 3.6.1 PROMOTION 30 3.6.2 EDUCATION 30 3.6.3 PARTNERSHIPS 30 3.7 INFORMATION, AUDITING AND MONITORING 32 3.7.1 HABITAT BIODIVERSITY AUDIT 32 3.7.2 LOCAL AREA AGREEMENT – NATIONAL INDICATOR 197 32 3.7.3 ANNUAL MONITORING REPORT 33 3.7.4 WARWICKSHIRE BIOLOGICAL RECORDS CENTRE 33 3.8 RESOURCES 34 Cover photographs, clockwise from top: Wet meadow at Blythe Valley Country Park Willow warbler APPENDICIES Junior park rangers at Babbs Mill Appendix 1: Glossary 36 Appendix 2: Policy Background 44 Appendix 3: Designated sites/council owned land (separate document) Solihull Nature Conservation Strategy 2010 - 2014 1 • To promote the sustainable management of the natural environment on 1. Introduction both Council owned and privately owned land, and in doing so supporting objectives of Solihull’s Climate Change Strategy through adaptation and mitigation. 1.1 THE VISION • To maintain a robust evidence base on which to make sound decisions. “A SOLIHULL THAT ENJOYS A HIGH QUALITY ENVIRONMENT FOR THE • To take opportunities to contribute to the attainment of regional and national BENEFIT OF BOTH PEOPLE AND WILDLIFE. WHERE BIODIVERSITY AND biodiversity targets. GEODIVERSITY PLAY AN ACTIVE ROLE IN PLACE-MAKING AND ECONOMIC ACTIVITY, CREATING ROBUST, SELF-SUSTAINING, BIODIVERSITY RICH • The provision of access for people to experience wildlife locally, consistent LANDSCAPES WHICH PROVIDE A RANGE OF ECOSYSTEM SERVICES, with the protection of habitats and species. RESILIENT TO CLIMATE CHANGE” • To encourage people to care for and enjoy biodiversity by engaging them in conservation projects, raising awareness and understanding of the benefits. 1.2 THE COMMITMENT The purpose of the strategy is: “THE COUNCIL WILL PROTECT SOLIHULL’S IMPORTANT WILDLIFE AND GEOLOGICAL SITES AND ENSURE THAT ITS DIVERSE NATURAL ASSETS • To ensure that the importance of the natural environment is recognised by ARE MAINTAINED AND ENHANCED.” developers and the general public and policy and legal requirements are complied with. Biodiversity is the variety of life on earth and includes all species of plants and animals and the natural systems that support them. Biodiversity is a core • To provide a framework for existing and proposed biodiversity initiatives. component of sustainable development, underpinning economic development and prosperity, and has an important role to play in developing locally distinctive • To encourage partnerships with local communities, businesses and voluntary and sustainable communities. organisations to restore and enhance biodiversity. The following document provides guidance for the development of conservation The benefits: policies to be set out in the forthcoming Local Development Framework documents and to provide guidance on how the authority expects nature • Safeguarding of plants and animals, the habitats in which they live and conservation to be taken into account in the development control process. important geological features. This guidance should be read in conjunction with and consideration of all relevant • Positive management of the natural environment. Development Plan policies. • Provision of an attractive environment and a sense of place and well being. In order to secure development that meets policy requirements, officers of the Authority are available to discuss the advice set out in this guidance with • Increase resilience to a changing climate applicants before they submit a planning application. The early submission of supporting information is recommended and, in some cases, required. • Increased public awareness of the natural environment. In implementing the policies covered by this guidance the authority will activity • Access to wildlife and recreational opportunities. consider the use of a number of strategies, including the use of conditions and planning obligations/agreements. • Increased physical health and mental well being. Solihull’s Nature Conservation Strategy is based on the following key principles: • Increased partnerships between the Council, voluntary organisations and the community. • To protect, maintain and enhance the Borough’s locally distinctive landscape, biodiversity and geological features. • Continued provision of ecosystem services including nutrient cycling, soil formation, fresh water, food production, wood, flood regulation, water • To restore and enhance biodiversity in order to repair fragmented habitats purification, pollution control, improved air quality, in addition to aesthetic and and buffer habitats to allow wildlife to adapt and respond to the effects of spiritual benefits. climate change. Full use will be made of opportunities presented by new developments to do this. 2 Solihull Nature Conservation Strategy 2010 - 2014 Solihull Nature Conservation Strategy 2010 - 2014 3 At a national level, the UK ratified the Convention and the UK Government 2. Context launched the UK Biodiversity Action Plan (UK BAP), a national strategy which identified broad activities for conservation work over the next 20 years, and established fundamental principles for future biodiversity conservation in 1994. This produced lists of threatened and declining species and habitats 2.1 POLICY BACKGROUND (amended and updated in 2007) with targets and specific actions for protecting and enhancing their conservation status. To compliment the UK BAP, separate biodiversity strategies for England and Northern Ireland were published to The Convention on the Conservation of European Wildlife and Natural Habitats address biodiversity issues at a devolved country level. (the Bern Convention) was adopted in Bern, Switzerland in 1979, and came into force in 1982. The principal aims of the Convention were to ensure conservation The conventions and their subsequent outcomes set the context for nature and protection of wild plant and animal species and their natural habitats (listed conservation in the UK. Since the publication of Solihull’s first Nature in Appendices I and II of the Convention), to increase cooperation between Conservation Strategy in 1999, conservation policy, strategy and legislation has contracting parties, and to regulate the exploitation of those species (including developed at the local, regional and national scale, building on policy initiatives migratory species) listed in Appendix 3. The Convention therefore imposes legal and key legislation, including the previously mentioned Wildlife and Countryside obligations on contracting parties, protecting over 500 wild plant species and Act 1981 (as amended) and the Conservation (Natural Habitats &c.) Regulations more than 1000 wild animal species. 1994 (as amended). A key example is the Natural Environment and Rural Communities Act 2006 gives public bodies a conservation duty which is outlined To implement the Bern Convention in Europe, the European Community adopted in this section. Council Directive 79/409/EEC on the Conservation of Wild Birds (the EC Birds Directive) in 1979, and Council Directive 92/43/EEC on the Conservation of Conservation policy and legislation underpinning the implementation of the Natural Habitats and of Wild Fauna and Flora (the EC Habitats Directive) in 1992. Nature Conservation Strategy can be found in appendix 3. A key provision of the Directives is the establishment of a European network of protected areas (Natura 2000) through the designation of Special Areas of Conservation (SACs) and Special Protection Areas (SPAs) 2.2 ASSETS The UK ratified the Bern Convention in 1982 and the Convention was 2.2.1 BIODIVERSITY IN SOLIHULL implemented and transposed into national laws by means of the Wildlife and Countryside Act (1981 and as amended) and the Conservation (Natural Habitats, Urbs in Rure, Solihull’s motto literally means ‘Town in the Countryside’ which & c.) Regulations 1994 (as amended), known as ‘the Habitats Regulations’. In describes its essence. The Borough is part of the West Midlands Metropolitan the UK, most SACs on land or freshwater areas are underpinned by notification area but has close historical links with Coventry and Warwickshire. Solihull’s as Sites of Special Scientific Interest (SSSIs). In the case of SACs that are natural environment, part of the Arden Landscape, is rich in valuable habitats. not notified as SSSI, positive management is promoted by wider countryside Once dominated by the oak woodlands of the Forest of Arden, historical changes measures, while protection relies on the provisions of the Habitats Regulations. in land use have resulted in the development of grasslands and farmlands interspersed with remnants of ancient woodlands and hedgerows. These habitats Another important convention was The Convention on Biological Diversity and the associated groups of plants and animals are characteristic of Solihull’s (Biodiversity Convention