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Practical Bishop Endings PrrACTICAL BTSsHOP ^ENDII\TGS ( GM EE;dmor Nlednis I Practical Bishop Endings Grandmaster EdmarMednis 1,990 Coraopolis,Pennsylvania ChessEnterprises Preface oCopywritelgg0byEdmarMednis.Allrightsreserved. As a resultof my trainingand teachingwork I have rsBN0-945470-04-5 learnedthat lessexperienced players tend to gre-atryunderrate the Bishop,.It apparentJyseem.s such a simpl-epiele as it jusi Editor:B. G.DudleY movesback and forth alonga diagonal. C<imparethis toihe tricky Knight which alwayslands on a squaredifferent in color from where it camefr-op and is capabldof the nastiest CoverDesign: E. F. Witalis,Jr' iamateurs" Knight forks! As a matter of fact, many tend to jump at y6t Typographyand Diagrams:Bob Dudley any chanceto exchangeoff a Biihop for a Knigtrt. niore experiencedplayers rEalize the inhbrentpoweis of a Bishop. Proofreading:Frank Cunliffe However,.to propcrly.handle a Bishop a rirgchmore sophisti- catedunderstanding is requiredthan for the Knight. this is SecondCorrected Printing particularlytrue for pure Bishopendgames. For qgi_tesome time I have been wanting to write a treatiseon Bishopendgames so that I couldpreseint the prin- ciples clearly eriough-to.enable everyoneto significintly lnprove their play of suchendings. Recentlynavid McKay Co. allowed rj, fiist endgamebo-ok, Practicil EndgameLei- so.ns,.togo out of print. For aboutten yearsit wasthe', book which dealt with understandingthe whole field of endgame play. The fact that the material in this book againbecame availableto me was the impetusfor doing PracticalBishop Endingsnow. Of course,everything has Seen substantially redoneto make it cleareranci bettEr. Other sourceshav6 beenmV endgame writinss. mostlv from mv svndicatedcolumn The Practicil Endgameias welias fresh"niaterial from my extensivefiles. As appropriate,direct credit is given in the text. Of course,any erron remain my responsibility.I would appreciateyour callingthem to my atti:ntioh. The book consistsof two parts:pure samecolor Bishop endingsand pureopposite color Bistrof endings.The veryladt cnaptersummarizes all the previouschapters aqq compares samecolor Bishop endgamesto oppositecolor Bishopend- qames. The obiective of this book is the same as for Practical Contents kook Endings:to presentmaterial sufficientlyclearly so that the reader will have at least 95Voof the knowledgerequired to Preface 2 play suchendgames successfully. Introduction 5 To ensurethat the reader and the author are on the samewavelength regarding the meaningof the questionand Part I: SameColor BishopEndgames 8 exclamation marks as they are used in the characterizationof moves,these are the presentlyaccepted meanings: Chapter1: MaterialAdvantage- 8 Section1. Introduction 8 ! : astrongmove Section2. Material Advantageof One Pawn !! = & V€Ustrong move; a fantasticmove - Pawnson One SideOnlv 8 ? = a bad move; a weak move Section3. Material Advantageof Onti Pawn ?? : a horrible move;ablunder - Pawnson Both Sides 19 !? : an enterprisingmove; a move worthy of consideration Chapter 2: PositionalAdvantages 38 ?! : a dubiousmove, for theoreticalor practi- Section1. Introduction 38 cal reasons Section2. Better King 39 Section3. Better Bishop 43 This is mv fourth book for B. G. Dudlet's ChessEnter- Section4. Better Pawns 50 prises. I am graiified that the earlier Practicdl RookEn/ings, Section5. SmallAdvantagesin BishopEndgames 60 Questionsand Answen on PracticalEndgame Play, and Strate- gicThemes in Endgameshave been well receivedby the public. Part II: OppositeColor BishopEndgames 75 I am very happy to be associatedwith Bob Dudley. I am hopeful of a good public receptionfor this book also. Chapter 3: Characteristicsof OppositeColor Bishop Positions 75 Edmar Mednis Chapter4: Material Advantage- Normal Positions80 Section1: One PawnAdvantage 80 NewYork, 1990 Section2: Two PawnAdvantage 89 Chapter5: Material Advantage- ComplexPositions - ComplexPositions 100 Chapter6: PositionalAdvantages 120 Section1: Better Bishop 120 Section2: Better Pawns 120 Section3: Better King 125 Chapter7: Summaryand Comparisonof SameColor vs.Opposite Color BishopEndgames 133 and forth and can choosethe momentthat it returnsto the kev square. This is a very important strategyin zugrwangtypi: Introduction posltlons. The play from Diagram 1 can be consideredto Characteristicsof the BishoP be an elementarycase of this principle. A more advancedapplica- "losing is frorn The most importantcharacteristics of the Bishopin tion of the value of a move" shown Diagram 2, Black on move. White has a decisiveadvantage because: endgameplay are: with I ) he has the superior King and, 2) his Bishop can menace (1) The Bishop is particularlygood in open positions Black'sb- and f-pawns.Best play is: where there are pawnson both sidesof the board. % %t (2) The Bishop is effectivein copingwith far advanced passedpawns becauseit can stop the pawn even from far % %'%% away. % E{'A%t' Diagram2 t"/h, White wins %t%%^Ex (3) If the Bishop's'Job" is to attacka specificpoint, it lruw 1tut can do this from anywherealong its diagonal. This allows % %%% maximumflexibility asfar asdetermining where to placeit. ,%% %a-%t %%% % % %t,/ru%% 1 .... % A% White protected,while_ 1...4c6? allows Diagram 1 % % wr% captures The b-pawn must be % % v& Black's the decisivepdnetration by White'sKing with 2 Ke5. f-pawn % %A%% Bd3 h5 % % % 2 % %% The King and Bishop- have no satisfacto-rymoves and therefore the text is forced. However, now the h-pawn is also rulnerableto White'sBishop. Notice that if Blackagain would Look at Diagram 1. ClearlyBlack's vulnerable point is appropri- the pawn is neededto cap- be on move,he would lose. Therefore,White with f5 and the help of White'sBishop "give to Black". ture it. With White on move,there is no brute force way of ate Bishopmaneuvers wants to the move capturinsthe pawn. Yet White wins with either 1 Bc2! or I Bc8 861!. Tle Bishop then still attacksf5 and irrespectiveof 3 Bbl! Black'sresponse, White capturesthe f-pawn. If 3...8e6 4 Bc2l Bc8 (4--.8d7 5 Bd3! establishesthe move)5 (a) "lose positionafter Black's2nd moie with Black againon The Bishopcan a move". What this meansis game. that the Bishop can draneuveron its importantdiagonal back Bdl and White wins the h-pawnand the 4 BaZl PART I White threatens5 8fl7winning the h-pawn. SameColor BishopEndgames 4 .... Bb7 5 Bb3! Chapter1: Material Advantage Threatens6 Bdl winningthe h-pawn. Section1: Introduction 5.... Bc6 Material advantageobviously refers to an advantagein pawn(s). A three-pawnadvantage is routinely sufficienl for Or 5...Bf3 6 Bc2 Bg4 7 Bd3 Kc6 8 Ke5 and White the win and so is a two-pawnadvantage in all normal cases. wins. The winning metho!_gen'erallyconsists-of creating and queen- ing passedpawns. Thus only the significantcase in which one 6Bc2l Bd7 sidehas the materialadvantage of one pawn is consideredin 7 Bd3! White wins. this chapter. Basically,a playerneeds to know when a one- pawn.advantageis sufficientfor a win and what the proper The position after Black's2nd move has been estab- techniqueis for achievingit, or if he is a pawndown, wh-en and lishedwith Black on move. Black must now lose either the f- how he can draw. His approachwill dependon whetherthere or b-pawnand thereforethe game. are pawnson one or both sides,topics discussedin the next two sectrons. The generalexchanging principles also applyto same color Bishopendgames: -- the side up materialwantsto exchangeBishops. -- the side down materialwants to achieveroutine exchanges of pawns. Section2: Material Advantageof One Pavyn - Pavyns0n One SideOnly A. Bishop& Pawnvs. Bishop As far as general defensivestrategy is concerned,the defendercan feeisatisfied if he has achieVedthe abovesitua- tion. He doesnot haveto worry abouttosing any pawns and there is only one enemypawn to be concerneiiabbrit. He can readilvafford to sacrificehis Bishopfor this last pawn. The kev pilnciplesin knowingwhether ihe resultingposition is a ,0.',''' win br a dfaw are as follows: ,4tn'' u ' L. Centurini (1) If the defendingKing is alreadyin front of the pawn and Diagram4 $t:: *u 1856 caniot be chasedawcly, or if it cdn get to sucha squdre,the game ,/,i' ,& Draw is hopelesslydrawn. ::r^ A typical examplefrom practicalplay is^shownin Diasram 3; E. Medni's- F. Ghborghiu,Graz 1987,after % % WhiTe's97th move. Black offered a draw here, becausehe cannotDrevent White's King from reaching92 andonce there rBn Bez the Kinl is unassailable. 07...g3 98 KR followedby 99 Kg2; 2 8196 Bc4 97...Ke{ 98 Kf2 followedby 99kg2; 97...Bg398 Kfl followed by 99 Kg2.) Black can alwavsstav on oneof two diagonalsto pre- ventf7. %%%'',.,& 3 Bh7 Bd5 % % E. Mednis- 4 Bg8 Bxg8 %%% F. Gheorghiu 5 KxgS Kxf6 Draw Diagram3 % %s% Graz1987 %%Nt After White's The above se_qugnceshows the importanceof Black's %%% 97th move King location on 95, becauseWhite cairnotchase Black,s '% %g% Bishopoff the a2-SEdiagonal by playinga Bg8. If Black is on move in Diagram4, he drawswith either 1...896or 1...8e8.He dare not giv-eup his idealKing location. (2) If the defendingKing cannotget in of-thepawn, the front (3\Because itiaiing chdncesire not good, To be s,ure..ofthe draw, his it is so dfficult in real life to reach thefavorable defensive of Bishop-mustbe mobile oi both diago.n-a.ls;-(have access to dt formation -Diagrgm4, theTefendelsBkh6p must try leastiwo squareson eachdiagonal) and hisKng must be attack- t,o.preventthe. pawn fro.m bging advanceduntil the-defending Ktng,cdn get close ing the pafin from the rear wliile havingveftical opposition. enoughto it. The above favorable defensiveformation
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