Secure Land Rights: The Key To Building 2 0 0 9 A Better, Safer World. AnnuAl RepoRt C o n t e n t s

Just Imagine . . . . . 1 secure Letter from the Board Chair . . . . . 2 land rights Letter from the President and CEO . . .3 change lives. Land Rights: A Sustainable Solution ...... 4 In 2009, RDI published One Billion Rising, a compilation Where We’ve of more than 40 years of knowledge, lessons learned, and Worked ...... 6 sustainable solutions regarding the power of land rights to help Current alleviate global poverty . Initiatives ...... 7 Throughout this annual report, you will find examples of wisdom Global Center found within One Billion Rising, which is dedicated to the more for Women’s than one billion people living on less than $1 .40 erp day . Land Rights ...... 8 RDI is headquartered in Seattle, with offices around the world . Cao Fengping’s In India, RDI has established a national office and four regional Story ...... 10 offices in Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Odisha, and West Bengal . Offices are also in Beijing, China, as well as the Legal Highlights of Aid Center in Vladimir, Russia . the Year ...... 12 Worldwide, RDI employs more than 50 people, and in 2009 Financials ...... 14 had a budget of $4 .3 million . Donors and Partners ...... 15 Board of Cover: A girl in Andhra pradesh, Directors ...... 16 India, where RDI is working on women’s access and rights to land. RDI Staff ...... 17 photo © Deborah espinosa

Reducing poverty by securing land rights can be affordable. With a “micro-plot” as small ONE as one-tenth of an acre, a poor, landless family in India can grow all their vegetables, nearly all their fruit, and still have space for livestock or a home business. plus, they can earn $200 cash from surplus crops – about as BILLION much as an agricultural worker makes in a year. Chapter 4 RISING 1 GloBAl FooD seCuRItY stARts WItH seCuRe lAnD RIGHts.

A farmer in Hunan province, China.

ConsIDeR CHInA As history has shown, secure long- poor farmers with stronger, more Imagine what Chinese farmers earn an average of term land rights can be key to the secure rights, giving them incentive $1 .30 a day – barely enough to feed foundation of sustainable economic to invest in the land, increasing an increase in their children . growth and social stability . Look no agricultural production and helping to income for 800 Without secure rights to the land further than to neighboring Taiwan alleviate food shortages . they till, farmers have little incentive for proof . million people to invest in the land, keeping them If China’s new land laws are reliant on short-term cash crops and supported by education and careful would do for the leading many to migrate to cities for implementation at the local level, better wages . these laws can benefit 800 million ION global economy. 2

l e t t e R F R o m t H e tHIs YeAR I CompleteD experience for me . At first, the focus RDI headquarters in Seattle . Secure BoARD CHAIR my ninth year and final term as RDI’s of RDI’s work was helping the USSR’s land rights for women not only Board Chair . During this time, I was central government create legislation increase food security but also lead privileged to witness firsthand the that provided secure, private land rights to better nutrition and education for results of RDI’s field work in India, to farm land that had previously been their children . During my service China and Indonesia . It has been a collectivized . While RDI still performs on the board, RDI has matured fulfilling and extraordinary learning legal reform work, its efforts now greatly – expanding in size, scope extend far beyond crafting legislation and capability . Its focus is to build to the critically important sphere of stronger support for land rights within implementation and enforcement of the overall international development private land rights . Strategies that are community including partnering – appropriate for particular cultures, where desirable and appropriate – to traditions, technology and political increase opportunities available to environment are incorporated in the world’s poorest population . The developing countries around the world . recent, very generous grant from the As I witnessed RDI’s field work, I Omidyar Network has been of material was impressed with the organization’s importance toward propelling RDI’s ability to provide a wide variety of skills strategy forward . as well as knowledge and flexibility to Over the past nine years, I have supply workable solutions to problems been impressed with the power in a variety of countries . that secure land rights have toward One relatively recent, but important, helping the world’s poorest people rise aspect of RDI’s work has been its from extreme poverty, giving them appreciation of the central role that opportunities to improve the quality of women play in the alleviation of their lives . I encourage you to add your extreme poverty . One of this year’s support to this important work . highlights is the creation of the Global Sincerely, Center for Women’s Land Rights at

RDI Founder Roy James C . Pigott prosterman (l) and Jim pigott (R) in China with Chair, RDI Board of Directors rural children.

Women without assets are vulnerable to violence. In India, a recent study found that 49% of women who did not have secure property rights experienced long-term physical ONE violence, and 84% experienced long-term psychological violence. of the women who owned both BILLION land and property, 7% reported physical violence and 16 % reported psychological violence. so women without land and property were seven times more likely to experience physical violence. Chapter 5 RISING 3

l e t t e R F R o m t H e Today, we are confident that by working Network (ON) . This generous gift is is changing, expanding, and building pResIDent & Ceo with governments in China, India, an affirmation of the value of the 40 new capabilities to operate across an Africa, and elsewhere, we can help years of work and accomplishment by increased range of contexts . developing country governments with the entire RDI team . The ON grant We are ready to help many more people s e C u R e l A n D R I G H t s reforms that will provide opportunity is also an opportunity for leveraging lead better lives, and we will always I m p R o v e l I v e s . for 20 million people to move out your support, as $2 .5 million of that deeply appreciate the support of all of When people – even the worlds of extreme poverty and play a part grant is subject to raising an equivalent you who make this possible . poorest – can work land with in building prosperous and peaceful matching amount . confidence that their families and societies . Our recently enacted Five While the opportunities are communities will receive the benefits, Year Strategic Plan, which includes a unprecedented, the challenges are they can rise from extreme poverty strong focus on women’s land rights, is sobering . RDI’s work has been permanently . This is established fact, designed to do exactly this . It is being Tim Hanstad immensely successful, but it is always based on over 40 years of research and propelled forward by the recent three- President and CEO complex and difficult . The organization program experience . year, $9 million grant from the Omidyar Secure land rights are also a building block for prosperous and peaceful societies . Countries that offer both broad-based and secure property rights are proven to grow faster and be less conflicted . RDI is now in a strong position to step up our efforts to help millions of people by expanding our programs and by working to build support within the international development community for land rights strategies . As we have built our foundation for this next chapter of RDI’s work, we have been guided by the leadership and counsel of Jim Pigott, our remarkable board chair who will be passing the gavel on in early 2010 after nine productive years of board guidance . Jim has encouraged RDI to dream big . Given RDI’s past success on reforms that have positively impacted over 100 million families, and given the remaining need for reforms to benefit millions more, ION dreaming big made sense .

tim Hanstad in India conducting field interviews with farmers. 4

Global poverty is overwhelmingly policies and programs that support fair B e n e F I t s o F s e C u R e land rural . More than half of the world’s and democratic development . lAnD RIGHts population lives in extreme poverty, Benefits to person: Global experience has shown that surviving on $2 a day or less, and of secure land rights provide a foundation • Source of shelter Rights: A those, more than 75 percent live in for improved livelihoods and living rural areas and rely on agriculture • Source of nutrition and health conditions . Studies show that land for their sustenance . Most do not • Source of income rights facilitate multiple benefits that sustainable have secure rights to land, their most lead to a safer, more just world . • Status, inclusion and empowerment valuable asset . Land defines their • Facilitates investment, productivity access to shelter, income, education, solution sYstemIC CHAnGe and stewardship healthcare, plus economic and Access to credit nutritional security . Secure land rights are not a complete • cure for poverty, but they provide one • Opportunities for education of the best first steps . Providing secure usInG tHe Rule oF lAW • Wealth building land rights is highly leveraged, feasible Secure land rights are a key foundation and cost-effective . It offers systemic for economic, political and social change, not just short-term relief . stability . RDI promotes the rule of Benefits to society: law by partnering with governments, Secure land rights can serve as a • Increased food production donors and local non-governmental catalyst, helping to turn the vicious • Household stability organizations to help design and cycle of poverty into a virtuous Social stability implement sustainable and replicable cycle of prosperity . Working in • solutions to poverty . Different political over 45 countries, RDI has helped • Reduced urban migration and cultural settings, as well as the secure land rights for more than 100 • Stronger economic growth diverse needs of landless families, million families . • Environmental stewardship demand tailored approaches and • Regional and national stability solutions . RDI researches, designs, advocates, and helps implement legal

Widows are often denied land inheritance due to “property grabbing.” this is where ONE the in-laws of the deceased take over the home and land of the widow by means of threats, humiliation or physical violence. this is an even greater problem in societies where it is inappropriate for a woman to return to her family BILLION upon the death of her spouse. In one study in uganda, out of 204 widows, 29% said that property was taken from them at the time of the husband’s death. Chapter 4 RISING 5

ION In Kyrgyzstan, RDI continues to assist those along the Tajikistan-Kyrgyzstan border manage conflict along neighboring pasture lands. 6

Albania Costa Rica India Mexico Poland Uganda RDI HAs WoRkeD In: Angola Czech Republic Indonesia Moldova Portugal Ukraine Bangladesh Dominican Republic Israel Mongolia Republic of Korea Uzbekistan Brazil Egypt Japan Mozambique Romania Vietnam Bulgaria El Salvador Kazakhstan Nicaragua Russian Federation Burundi Estonia Kyrgyzstan Nigeria Rwanda Cambodia Georgia Latvia Pakistan Slovakia China Greece Lithuania Palestinian Territories Taiwan Colombia Hong Kong Mali Philippines Tajikistan

India contains the largest concentration of rural poor people and the largest number of landless households on the planet. The grim statistics are connected: while India faces significant and entrenched problems ONE stemming from an inadequate system of education and the persistence of caste distinctions, landlessness is a BILLION better predictor of poverty than either illiteracy or membership in the lower castes. In large measure, land access determines a rural family’s status, their livelihood options and their prospects for the future. Chapter 6 RISING 7

I n D I A C H I n A FoRmeR sovIet RepuBlICs RDI’s ongoing work in the states of Since 1987, RDI’s close partnership RDI’s strategic objectives in the Current Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Odisha and with China’s government has placed region focus on the transfer of most recently West Bengal, all confirm it on the front lines of what promises farmland from state ownership to that “micro-plots” of land as small as to be the most extensive land rights private ownership, developing legal Initiatives one-tenth of an acre can provide a initiative in history . As a direct result systems supportive of private land foundation for extremely poor people to of land rights reforms over the last 25 rights, and providing legal advice and build a sustainable livelihood and better years, the number of Chinese living representation to new land owners to economic future . Land ownership is a in poverty fell by 400 million people help them use and defend their rights proven pathway out of poverty . In India, – reducing world poverty by more to land . Today, RDI continues to RDI is also focusing on improving than 70 percent . To help ensure that monitor land rights legal aid provided women’s land rights, providing land- the rights enshrined in new land laws by the Vladimir Center for Land related legal aid for the rural poor, and become “real,” RDI has opened the Reform in Russia . RDI is also in improving land access and productivity Guangxi Legal Aid and Educations partnership with USAID’s Office of through leasing . To meet the enormous Center for Rural Farmers’ Land Rights Conflict Management and Mitigation need, RDI has established a national in partnership with the Guangxi to ameliorate Kyrgyzstan – Tajikistan office and four regional offices in the University Law School . The Center border conflicts through community states of Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, trains “barefoot lawyers” to support management of land and land Odisha, and West Bengal . farmers and help mediate and prevent dispute resolution . conflicts before they lead to social Women AnD lAnD unrest . As a pilot, RDI aims to develop GloBAl ADvIsoR Women are responsible for 60-80 both a model and set of best practices With over 40 years of experience in percent of the food production for the to bring the initiative to scale – an over 45 countries, RDI has advised developing world, yet they own less than endeavor that would reduce poverty numerous governments and provides 2 percent of the world’s land . RDI works and social conflict while building the assistance on land law and policy to to strengthen women’s access and secure rule of law . clients including The World Bank, rights to land . Giving women more Asian Development Bank (ADB), US power to control assets reduces their AFRICA Agency for International Development socio-economic burden and improves In Africa, RDI is helping war-torn (USAID), United Nations Food and their status, health, and security . countries such as Angola, Burundi, Agriculture Organization (FAO), Rwanda, and Uganda move forward United Nations Development To make rights real for women and girls, to develop strong legal and policy Programme (UNDP), and others . RDI RDI critically advocates the need to frameworks to resolve land disputes, is also developing property rights and address customary and family law and reduce poverty through land access, resource governance tools – including social practice . To deepen RDI’s women and create a foundation for economic interactive media – to help inform and land work and to support and growth . RDI is working to clarify foundations, international donors and broaden diverse international women and strengthen land tenure rights, key decisions makers of the current and and land initiatives, the organization has particularly for women to help tackle most pressing land tenure related issues . launched the world’s first Global Center the cross cutting issues of poverty, for Women’s Land Rights . ION land conflict and disputes, HIV/AIDS, conservation, and unrestrained A farmer in the urban migration . lowlands of Burundi’s ngozi province. photo © Deborah espinosa 8

mAkInG RIGHts “ReAl” legal empowerment, women can seize • When you invest in women’s land Global Center F o R W o m e n the opportunities to improve their lives rights, you are not just investing in RDI works with governments, NGOs and the lives of their families . women – the ripple effects spread for Women’s and other local partners to strengthen to her children, family, village and land Rights women’s access and rights to land . FACts to ConsIDeR region . The long-term outcomes However, laws and policies are not • When women have secure property include improvements in social, opens enough . RDI works closely with rights, family nutrition improves, economic and political stability . communities to address customary, Women’s rights to land are at the women are less likely to contract and • Without secure rights, women are religious and family law, which are strategic center of our work to help spread HIV/AIDS, domestic violence discouraged from investing time often contradictory . RDI also helps the poorest . In many countries, decreases, children are more likely to and resources in sustainable farming women do as much as 80% of the local communities to gain legal literacy be educated, and women have better practices . When women have secure farming, yet only 2% of the world’s so they understand their rights . With access to micro-credit, improving land rights, they become better land is owned by women . Women’s family income . environmental stewards . access to land is directly linked to child nutrition, HIV/AIDS, and domestic violence . Currently, there are not enough people in the world focused on improving women’s legal rights to land, and those who are working on the issue are often isolated and unable to access and share resources with one another . To address these challenges and unite the global community around this issue, RDI launched the Global Center for Women’s Land Rights . The Global Center will be the world’s first training and resource center specifically focused on women’s land rights . Based in Seattle, the Global Center will unite and catalyze the global community around this issue to develop a community of practice where we can share resources, strategies and interventions with one another and collaborate on shared solutions .

Women in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh hold their pattas (land titles) thanks to a land purchase program RDI helped to design. 9 WHen Women oWn lAnD, We All pRospeR.

Belta, a Rwandan widow, holds her land title. Photo © Deborah Espinosa

Women make up A RWAnDAn WIDoW Land is their source of shelter, food, girls with improved status, nutrition, and mother of eight, Belta proudly income, and security . Yet while women income, health, access to credit and 51 percent of the shows off the deed to her land . The produce 80% of Africa’s food, women educational opportunities, with ripple document is so precious that she keeps in most countries do not have secure effects that extend to future generations . world’s population it rolled up in her skirt and carries it land rights . Support RDI’s work to strengthen everywhere she goes . and produce 60-80 When women have secure rights to women’s land rights, and help us create percent of the developing In Sub-Saharan Africa, as in the rest of land, their families are less vulnerable to sustainable solutions to poverty and world’s agricultural the developing world, women like Belta hunger, homelessness, and HIV/AIDS . hunger . rely on the land for their livelihood . Secure land rights provide women and products, yet they own less than 2 percent of the world’s titled land. 1 0

Cao Fenping and his wife have Cao is now able to grow turnips, Cao Fengping’s story spent decades farming by hand in which sell extremely well . “The Tangzhuang Village . They have always supply of my turnips are far less than tAnGzHuAnG vIllAGe oF XIHu toWnsHIp oF yearned for security . the demand!” says Cao . Today, Cao YInzHou DIstRICt, CHInA harvests 5,000 kilos of turnips each Every three to five years, Cao and his year . During non-turnip seasons, he wife would experience the government’s grows other species of vegetables to periodic “land readjustments” amongst sell in local vegetable markets . the other villagers . They never knew where their new land would be, how far it would take them to walk to it, or “You have to spend a lot of what shape the land would be in . Cao’s family could not invest in irrigation or time and money to nurture fertilizer to improve soil quality and production yields . the soil before getting into For more than 20 years, RDI has been the business,” he said, “but working with the Chinese government and others to help farmers, like Cao if the land were reallocated Fenping, through laws such as China’s newly-adopted Property Law . With to someone else, your this law, farmers like Cao will have real “property rights” for the first time investments would be gone in China’s modern history – rights that are long-term, sustainable, and like water.” generational . Since Cao and his wife received secure, Today, Cao makes 20,000 yuan (about 30-year land rights, he has invested in $2,900) yearly from vegetable farming, his land, digging three wells, planting a and he and his wife and children now vegetable garden, switching to organic feel secure . fertilizer and building an organic fertilizer tank for his garden .

Cao Fengping, a farmer in tangzhuang village, China.

RDI started its work in China in 1987, a few years after China de-collectivized its agriculture. over the past 20 years, RDI, with its research partners, has conducted farmer interviews in over 20 provinces ONE and four nationwide household surveys, in cooperation with Renmin University. The findings obtained through such field research have greatly enhanced RDI’s knowledge about farmers’ security on the land, which constitutes the primary BILLION means of livelihood for approximately 800 million Chinese. this accumulating body of rural observations has since been used as the basis for briefings and recommendationsto senior policy makers in Beijing. Chapter 7 RISING 1 1 tHIs pIeCe oF pApeR CAn lIFt A FAmIlY out oF poveRtY. peRmAnentlY.

there are more landless poor in India than anywhere else on the planet.

t H e G o o D n e W s I s that with a micro-plot of land as little as a tenth of an acre, families can grow enough food to improve their nutrition and earn cash for their health and education . Secure land rights are the key . State governments provide the opportunity to own a piece of land and the legal documentation that gives poor families the security they need to invest in their future and leave poverty behind . It only takes a little land to make a big difference . ION

Amrita, Andhra pradesh, India. 1 2

sCAlInG FoR ImpACt This has been a year of unprecedented growth for RDI, beginning with the adoption and early implementation of a Five Year Strategic Plan to impact

an additional 20 million rural poor Burundi China India families by 2013 . The plan is ambitious but achievable . The plan’s priorities and related A n D H R A p R A D e s H n A t I o n W I D e s u R v e Y investments will strengthen RDI and Highlights l e G A l A I D I n C H I n A increase its ability to accelerate positive RDI’s support of a government legal aid This fall, RDI released the results impact in individual lives and societies program in Andhra Pradesh continues of a nationwide survey showing the through its partnerships . The plan of the Year to help the beneficiaries of previous land significant progress in economic anticipates growth from $4 .5 million in reforms realize their rights . Designed by development through land reform, and financial year 2009 to $11 .7 million by F o u R n e W o F F I C e s RDI, this program trains paralegals and the resulting growing sense of security financial year 2013, for a total of $45 I n I n D I A surveyors to work with self-help groups for the country’s 200 million farm million in costs during the five-year Thanks to generous support, RDI of women in rural villages . In six years, families, who are increasingly investing period . RDI anticipates growing from expanded its efforts in India . Joining the program has resolved 288,000 land in land and benefitting from market a team of 38 employees to 94, based RDI’s office in Karnataka, a new issues covering 362,000 acres . transfers . The survey was published by largely in regional offices . national office was established in the National Bureau of Asian Research ADvoCACY In CHInA (NBR) . It is the fourth in a series of Fundraising is well underway, Hyderabad and three new regional research projects being conducted including a 3-year, $9 million grant offices were opened in Odisha, Andhra RDI’s advocacy work in China led to a by RDI and its partners to assess from the Omidyar Network, and a Pradesh and West Bengal . These new land tenure policy breakthrough in late the progress of land rights reforms 3-year, $2 .1 million grant from the offices will expand RDI’s efforts assist 2008 and early 2009 . The government throughout rural China . River Star Foundation . Both have more landless women and their families . has signaled a willingness to extend significant matching requirements that current farmer’s land tenure rights B A R e F o o t l A W Y e R s will leverage gifts from new donors . l e A s I n G I n A n D H R A beyond the 30-year term, giving farmers truly secure, long-term land rights . The I n C H I n A Over the next few years, RDI will: p R A D e s H Using the results of studies in three bulk of RDI’s policy work is advising the Thanks to an award from The World • Expand existing programs and villages, RDI helped draft a law to central government on the benefits of Bank, RDI launched its “Barefoot presence in India, China and Sub- improved tenure security through long- Lawyers” Legal Aid and Education Saharan Africa . enable women to lease agricultural land . The government is now working term land rights . Center in Guangxi, China . More than • Grow its newly launched Global to enact the law . Previously, laws 40 million Chinese farmers have lost their Center for Women’s Land Rights . in Andhra Pradesh controlling W o m e n ’ s l A n D R I G H t s land due to compulsory takings by the • Hire experts in advocacy, tenancy failed to serve their purpose; I n R W A n D A government, and the majority received communications and development almost 100% of tenancy in the RDI’s pilot project to protect Rwandan little or no compensation . The Center is for its headquarters and experienced state is informal . RDI is helping the women’s land rights through a land the first of its kind, and is training young local leaders for its regional offices . government test the new law through formalization process is now going to be lawyers to provide legal aid for both rural farmers and local officials . • Amplify on-the-ground efforts in a pilot program before assisting with replicated throughout the country . By emerging markets to advance land statewide implementation . providing analysis and recommendations property rights, furthering RDI’s on legal literacy, lease/title issuance, powerful approach to economic procedural guidance, and dispute empowerment . resolution, RDI is helping to make women’s land rights real . 1 3

kyrgyzstan China kyrgyzstan Rwanda

I n t e R n A t I o n A l RDI was chosen out of 1,700 entries Project to expand the body of knowledge • United Nations Division for W o m e n ’ s D A Y around the world for the prestigious about the rights of women and girls to Sustainable Development l u n C H e o n Development Marketplace competition inherit land in Afghanistan, Bangladesh, (United Nations, NY) In celebration of International Women’s at The World Bank, a highly competitive India, Nepal, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka • Global Philanthropy Forum Day, a sold-out crowd of more than challenge to fund the best solutions to and provide recommendations that can (Washington, DC) 500 people gathered for RDI’s Third poverty throughout the world . be taken up by in-country organizations • Global Justice Forum (Vienna, Austria) Annual Women & Land Luncheon . and institutions . The event raised awareness and pBs DoCumentARY • Pacific Rim Policy Exchange(Singapore) support for women’s rights to land and “Land of Our Own,” a documentary t A l k I n G W I t H G l o B A l • Vital Voices Leadership Conference property . about RDI’s work to help poor families leADeRs ABout lAnD (Italy) in rural areas to get secure rights to This year, we aimed to increase global • International Land Coalition AWARDs & HonoRs land, aired on 45 PBS stations around understanding of the power of land Conference (Nepal) RDI was honored to receive the 2009 the country . Independent filmmaker rights to address issues such as poverty, Evergreen Award for innovative public Bob Gliner spent several months nutrition, women’s empowerment and notABle puBlICAtIons and private partnerships with its filming RDI’s work in Rwanda, China stability . RDI advocated many of these RDI published its long-awaited book, “micro-land ownership” program and India . issues at these events: One Billion Rising: Land, Law and in India . In addition, RDI won a the Alleviation of Global Poverty with The World Economic Forum Telly Award for its video “Land is • a preface by Nobel winner Joseph R e s e A R C H o n G I R l ’ s (Davos, Switzerland) Hope,” out of 14,000 entries from InHeRItAnCe RIGHts Stiglitz . RDI’s work was also featured 30 countries around the world . RDI Thanks to the Nike Foundation, RDI • The Schwab Social Entrepreneur in The New York Times, Forbes, the was also chosen for the Razoo 100 completed a study on inheritance Summit (Zurich, Switzerland) Wall Street Journal, USAID Frontlines, (the top 100 nonprofits in the world), practices for girls in Uganda, China, • The Clinton Global Initiative the China Business Review, Foreign and was a finalist in a Sundance and India . Following this, RDI received (New York, NY) Policy Magazine, KPLU and KUOW competition for documentaries on social a research grant from the World Justice (National Public Radio), and the Far entrepreneurship . Most significantly, Eastern Economic Review .

Public information campaigns can play an important role in addressing some cultural barriers to the effective use of micro-plots. many families are not aware, for example, that vegetables and ONE fruits are nutritious. In Bangladesh, researchers found that dark green leafy vegetables are widely believed to be bad for young children, while a study of philippine urban home gardeners found that mothers generally had no BILLION knowledge of vitamins and iron in foods until informed by community health workers. the good news is that there is evidence that poor families who receive health information respond by planting more fruits and vegetables, RISING including dark green leafy vegetables. Chapter 7 1 4

FunCtIonAl AlloCAtIon AlloCAtIon oF ResouRCes RDI oF eXpenses BY pRoGRAm AReA For the Year ended June 30, 2009 For the Year ended June 30, 2009 strategic Financials Communications & Advocacy Fund Raising management 10.2% RDI’s operating & General east Asia Africa 9% revenue was $4 .3 12% 15.1% 14.5% million for the fiscal year ending June 41.6% 30, 2009 . 79% RDI’s operating education expenses were $4 .2 south Asia 2.5% million for the fiscal program services europe & southeast Asia Central Asia 1.4% year ending June 6.0% Global Projects 30, 2009 . 8.7% For full details stAtements oF FInAnCIAl posItIon

of RDI’s audited June 30, 2009 and 2008 financials, please visit the “About AssETs 2009 2008 RDI” section of Current Assets www .rdiland .org . Cash and cash equivalents $ 830,109 $ 2,230,562 Investments 1,944,445 - pledges receivable 407,347 832,000 Grants, contracts, and other receivables 384,801 312,163 prepaid expenses 130,249 93,066 total current assets 3,696,951 3,467,791 long-term pledges Receivable 541,097 877,138 long-term Investments 2,440,555 3,142,520 property and equipment, at cost, less accumulated depreciation 8,168 – Total assets $ 6,686,771 $ 7,487,449

LIABILITIEs AnD nET AssETs Current liabilities Accounts payable $ 154,131 $ 153,931 Accrued expenses 134,627 135,806 Total current liabilities 288,758 289,737 net Assets unrestricted 1,021,649 868,850 temporarily restricted 5,376,364 6,328,862

Farmer in Andhra Total net assets 6,398,013 7,197,712 pradesh, India. Total liabilities and net assets $ 6,686,771 $ 7,487,449 photo © Deborah espinosa 1 5

Jeff and korynne Wright Henry Bermet Heidi sinclair kitti Cramer David lavitt and susan strauss Jennifer and Warren serenbetz katherine Janeway Wright Alison m. Bettles David Huffaker and Barbara Adam Crenshaw Georgia leckie sidnie shaffer leonard and Jane Yerkes Catherine R. Borden and Gabe staley Ann Danieli eugene and sachi lee Chuck m. shelton Donors and murphy ellen stearns kathleen Dannenhold steven lee Gail shepard Anita Braker and Dave olsen Carlyn J. steiner Bob and molly Davidson linda leeward Randy shigetani $500 - $999 Crystal Bullard Amina suchoski Anonymous (2) patricia Davis kathleen Brame lemly laura shoe sonya Campion Dipa suri Amy Acher Hernando de soto lily ley sharon sidoine teresa Castner and Bill pope michael and Judith tembreull partners margaret Allison Bethany Dearborn Frank and lynn lindsay Jessica silverthorne man-sheung Chan Andrea and erick thoreson marianne Allison Joe Delaney paige linton marion silverthorne Weidong Chen Judith tobin phoebe Andrew kathie Delph Gwen lundgren Will simmonds JulY, 2008 – June, 2009 Benjamin Chotzen and Carolyn Janet and Doug true sean Dimond kush malhotra Randy simon and Jonathan meier Alta and stanley Barer pinkett Julie tupper Ann Dittmar erika malone Robin simons Thank you to all Foundations, Corporations, Jehan m. Bharucha elizabeth Coppinger veronica very Dennis and Bernadene Dochnahl Deena maroutsos lisa simonson Inez noble Black Andrew Cox Individuals and In-kind donors. Iris Reid Wagner Diane Douglas Betty martello Rosa marie singer michi Broman Janet Curry Rich Wagner thomas Douglas Jennifer and Chip martin peter and laura sloan shirley Bromberg-newell todd Dennett $500,000+ $1,000 - $4,999 kathleen Wright Robert Downing susan m. mcConnaha timothy and sue smith Fifi and John Caner Bill & melinda Gates foundation Anonymous patricia Donohoe Anand Yang Judy and Brad Chase Harvey Drake margaret mcCormick Wendy sobic omidyar network lisa pigott Anderson David and Barbara Dougherty erin Younger and ed liebow Judith Clifford Betty Drumheller laurie mcDonald Jonsson Dave and marti spicer matthew Bannick Gayle Duncan Jeffrey and lisa Coopersmith susan Drummond mercy Corps Cynthia stafford Alexandra Brookshire karl J. ege $100,000 - $499,999 molly and kevin Cox Hannah Dugan Jenifer merkel starbucks Foundation Charles and Anna Chesnut peter and Deborah ehrlichman $249 and below moccasin lake Foundation Anonymous (5) Bruce and margrit elliot Jane meseck Rita stefanski Janet m. and John W. Creighton sophia eitel the John templeton Foundation Citi private Bank Catherine Davis Anne and Allan Affleck Beau ellis marilyn metz Harriet stephenson ty Wyckoff Cramer and steve marilee erickson William and sally neukom Carla Allbee kristi england kathleen mikos paul stephenson Romein kathleen Davis Jack and karen Faris Candice Allen lisa m. erickson Barbara miller Carolyn stewart Janice m. Damato ellen Dial Camille Farrington and mark Jeff Alpen Deborah k. espinosa erik and Anita miller Daniel stock $50,000 - $99,999 Jon and stephanie Devaan sheila Dickey Courtney kimberly Ambrose pamela sue espinosa Julie and kelly miller linda J. strout David and Araceli Barclay Christopher J. elias, mD, mpH mary and Jim Dunnam Batya Friedman and zoe kahn Anna Anderson Garold and Joyce Faber mills meyers swartling margaret mary sullivan nike Foundation sheri and Jon Flies maria eitel Jean-pierre Green Brianne Anderson James and marianne Farrin the moir Family karen sutton stewardship Foundation micki and Robert Flowers ellen Ferguson santosh and Jayasri Guha nanette C. Anderson lorna m. Faxon Constance moser nathaniel swanson Weyerhaeuser Company Foster pepper pllC phillip and noreen Frink Judi and Dan Guy Foundation thomas Antkowiak kathy Feldman eduardo munoz and Janet varon larry e. and earlyse e. swift John C. Fry, Jr. James Gelb Alison and michael Harris pamela Austin Jessica Ferrell Chris murck Yung-Hern tan Bill & melinda Gates foundation kathi Goertzen krista and Brad Harris Nancy and Terry Flajole pradeep naga Joan thomas $10,000 - $49,999 matching Gifts program leah Hair susan G. Heikkala Catherine and Charles Ball Gwen marie Forrest emily W. neilson Heidi e. thomson American Bar Association/World mimi Gardner Gates tim and Chitra Hanstad Janie Hendrix michael Balt Doug Foster Robert neir lorraine toly Justice Project Carver and Carmen Gayton sharon Hazzard Bruce and Bridget Horne Cherry mcGee Banks Foundation for Russian American Tifinie J. Nelson Claire topal Douglas p. Beighle Cori Glaser Christina koons Rupali Jain sonia Barrantes economic Cooperation Roberta nestaas James F. tune Capital Group Companies laura lee Grace Chi-Dooh li, esq. steve and stephanie Jones Randy and stefanie Beighle Charitable Foundation Radha and Josh Fr(i)edman Robin lynn nielsen Christine vanderWerf pamela and Joshua Green Guiping lu Robin and Gaylord kellogg meredith Ann Belmont Wright Jim Cardillo and patricia shimica Gaskins Grace nordhoff elizabeth vaughan print management melody B. mcCutcheon Amy kosterlitz pamela Belyea kern-Cardillo Brooke Glass-o’shea valerie norwood Awilda Verdejo-Eichberg Gordon C. and Jill R. Hally lincoln miller and nancy sapiro sally and Daniel kranzler patricia J. Belyea mike mcGavick Global sistergoods laurel oates Darryl and Jann vhugen Renee Harbers Donna m. moniz Connie and Gus kravas sue Bennett Whitney and elizabeth macmillan Goodsearch marianne and ken o’Bara leslie m. vogl Anja Helmon Daniel mufson kaycee krysty laurie Besteman and Jack Doug and emilie ogden/the north lauderbaugh Jamie Goodwin Craig e. olson Christopher J. voss Ridge Foundation Robert m. and linda Helsell national Bureau of Asian Research Ann lawler keith and susan Bettles slade Gorton Jarrod olson John and Julie Waggoner pACCAR International karen Herman elaine nonneman estella B. lepold teresa Bigelow Chris s. and michael Grant Ronan o’malley martha Walton Ronald B. Rankin swanee Hunt pAtH Don and Carla lewis Alesha Black William Green Heidi orr karen Wawrzaszek Jill and Bill Ruckelshaus shirley and ping kiang Doug and noriko plamer Barbara malone David Bley and Jennifer Cargal Roberta Greer Ann owens Julie Wechsler seattle International Foundation martha kongsgaard molly pengra Donald J. manning peter A. Blomquist Ann Gygi michael paisner laurie Werner spark Charitable Foundation laird norton tyee natalie pryde Helene mawyer kay smith Blum lorri Hagman kristi pangrazio sheryl Willert theiline and Douglas scheumann Doug love and Rachel Running Jeff and tricia Raikes marcie and John mcHale Ann and milton Bohart Robert Harty savitha pathi kathryn A. Williams David and maryanne mandarin Associates ltd. William Gary and vicki Reed tom and margaret mcphee shannon Boldizsar kristi Heim Jane pearson Anne Willoughby nelson tagney-Jones George and Beverly martin Jon and elizabeth Roberts Sarajane E. Milder Joan Bordner sharon Henry Kate Pflaumer Bruce Winchell u.s.-China legal Cooperation Brad mathews William and katia Robinson Drs. Donald and pamela mitchell Julia Bosch suzanne Hight Anne phelps sandra Winters Fund pamela and Bob mcCabe Josh Ross paula mitchell kimberly m. Bowen mary Hommeyer Janice piper mari Wolf World Bank Development kathleen l. mcCarthy David Rothrock and kirsten Robert G. mitchell and Jill Walzer marketplace Diana Brambrink kathleen Hopkins michael podlin Gary and sandra Worthington Bill messing and tina Helsell Johnson Ward and kirsten morrison kristin l. Brooks Claire m. Horton Caroline n. probst Barbara Wright microsoft Giving Campaign Alan and nancy sclater leAnne moss paige Brown Colin Hsu kathy pryor shiao Yen Wu $5,000 - $9,999 microsoft unlimited potential William and Janet solan James and theresa murphy thomas and maggie Brown karen Hudesman ellie putnam Jennifer k. Wyatt Anonymous (2) Beth morgan margaret stuart Alison p. nesmith Jerilyn Brusseau William p. Ingham ellen Cheryl Reichman linda Wyman Charles simonyi Fund for Arts & Charles and eleanor m. nolan Helen stusser Anne nolan sciences John G. and mary F. Bruton Janet Jacobs Aaron Riensche Ben ouliang Xu linda nordstrom kelly sweet and David Gross kristen okerman Cloud l. Cray Foundation Ann s. Buckner kathy Jacobson Catherine and stephan Roche mark Yang Dana pigott David k.Y. tang Ramie o’neill CostCo Wholesale katherine Bullitt Darryl n. and kathleen Johnson Christina Rockrise and David Barbara Yates Julie and paul pottinger monica C. thurgood Robin and lee pasquarella Rosemarie Havranek and nathan Connie Butler Alison Judd Brown Gail and mitch Yockey prairie Foundation Judy vadney Carrie pederson myhrvold Julie Cairone valerie Jusela leonard and Christine Rolfes Jeff Young Roy l. prosterman margaret Walker susan petek Jean Johnson and peter miller kathryn Carder laura karassik leonard and elizabeth Rolfes linda Youngs Ann pryde mary ellen Weber Chris and Beth purcell Janet W. ketcham nichole Castro philip katz Juliet Romano ted Youngs Greg and Ines Rake Colleen Willoughby Gail Ransom sara and mark kranwinkle kevin Cazares michael and ellen kern Bruce and Gail Romero monika zurek Judy and Jon Runstad Realnetworks Foundation margaret niles and stephen elaine Chang Won kidane max and Rebecca Rose Dagmar shannon matching Gifts program Garratt $250 - $499 sheila Charles Judd and Barbara kirk Jenny and Ron Ruckelshaus susan shutz Anonymous (3) matthew Reid In-kind Donations Yvonne pigott lintong Chen kirsten lundell koester James Russell theo Chocolate marco and molly Abbruzzese sally Richardson Alaffia Sustainable Skin Care suri and mala Raman teresa Chen marty and shari kooistra Jean sales Justice Robert F. utter (Ret.) susan Ahearn Catherine and thurston Roach ApCo Worldwide lynn thomsen Glenn Chinn Jeff koontz Caroline sanderson Richard p. voss teri Akin elizabeth Romney Google elizabeth A. Weber Joan and Jon Christoffersen William kratzke Ann sandstrom Waggener edstrom Worldwide tom Alberg and Judi Beck elizabeth Runde k&l Gates elisabeth Wendt Beth A. Clark Anne kroeker Ron and stase santi Wells Fargo private Bank Dhyan Appachu John and patsy sangster print management Ann p. Wyckoff Byron D. Coney Haley k. krug margaret schaaf lawrence Wilkinson libby Armintrout John and katherine schuitemaker Woodhouse productions George m. Yeager theodore Correl Ann kumasaka sue ellen schoeff Wilson sonsini Goodrich Rosati Akhtar Badshah Richa shrivastava Aana lauckhart steven schroeder and Cheryl Foundation paul silver, esq. marc and katie Cote Bonnie Berk Beighle 1 6 thank You

2 0 0 8 - 2 0 0 9 B o A R D Mike McGavick 2 0 0 8 - 2 0 0 9 oF DIReCtoRs CEO, XL Capital Ltd . A D v I s o R Y James C. Pigott C o u n C I l Margaret A. Niles Chairman Jerome Cohen Partner, K&L Gates President, Pigott Enterprises Senior Fellow, Council on Board of Directors, PACCAR Douglas Ogden Foreign Relations CEO, North Ridge Professor, NYU School of Law Roy Prosterman Investment Management RDI Founder and Congressman Norm Dicks Former Executive VP, Energy Chairman Emeritus 6th Congressional District of Foundation Washington State David C. Barclay William T. Robinson Senior Vice President William H. Gates, Sr. Principal, William T . Capital Group Companies Co-Chair, Bill & Melinda Robinson PLLC Gates Foundation Douglas P. Beighle Jill Ruckelshaus Boeing Chief Administrative Kimberly Kreiling Member, U .S . Equal Officer (Retired) The Sister Fund Employment Opportunity William (Bill) Clapp Commission (Retired) Sidney Rittenberg Co-Founder, Global President, Rittenberg Robert F. Utter Partnerships Associates, Inc . Supreme Court Chief CEO, Initiative for Global Justice (Retired) Du Runsheng Development Washington State Supreme Former Secretary General, Christopher J. Elias Court Rural Affairs Division of CCP President & CEO, PATH Central Committee (China) Lawrence Wilkinson Heng-Pin (Ping) Kiang Chairman, Heminge & Khalil-Ur-Rehman Khan Co-Founder and Partner Condell Justice of the Supreme Court Cypress River Advisors LLC Co-Founder, Global of Pakistan (Retired) George W. Martin Jr. Business Network Partner, Hillis Clark Martin & Peterson

Farmers in Burundi. photo © Deborah espinosa 1 7 RDI staff

G l o B A l Anna Knox, MSc Keliang Zhu, J.D. R e G I o n A l Sarbeswar Singh Sahoo Michael Gomes HeADquARteRs Land Tenure Specialist Staff Attorney, E . Asia o F F I C e s Field Coordinator Finance Officer s e A t t l e , W A , Program Manager u s A Kelly Miller Sibabrata Choudhury Priyanka Jha Chief Development I n d i a Livelihoods Manager Administrative Jennifer Brown, J.D. Officer R e s e A R C H Coordinator Staff Attorney A s s I s t A n t s & R D I n a t i o n a l Sitansu Sekhar Das Lincoln Miller, M.B.A., o f f i c e Finance Officer Kanai Mandal Sandy Brewster v o l u n t e e R s C.P.A. Cynthia Caron Pilot Project Field Controller Melanie Beckwith Sisir Kumar Swain Chief Operating Officer LTPR Specialist Coordinator Katharine Bond Administrative My-Lan Dodd Robert Mitchell, J.D., Anna Bosch Greg Rake, MHSA Coordinator Dr. Ashok Kumar Sircar Development & LL.M. Molly Breysse Cox India Country Director Senior Manager Communications Senior Land Tenure Shevanthi Daniel Assistant Naresh Pitta RDI Hyderabad Samrat Sarka Specialist Robin Dean Driver A.P. Suresh Livelihoods Coordinator Deborah Espinosa, Sharla Dodd Robin Nielsen, J.D. Legal Aid Manager M.A., J.D. Matthew Forman Paul J.R. Supriya Chattapodhay Staff Attorney Staff Attorney Gwen Marie Forrest Program Manager Bhargavi Gaddi Communications Officer Jenny Rathmell Alex Freeburg Communications Gretchen Frankenstein Staff Accountant Allyson Goldstein RDI Bangalore Manager C h i n a Office Manager Jo Heinan Elisa Scalise, J.D. Lokesh S.B. Prasad Saidu Radha Friedman, M.S., Courtney Hudak R D I B e i j i n g Staff Attorney Karnataka Programme Office Assistant M.A. Kelsey Jones-Casey Manager R e p r e s e n t a t i v e Director of Global Leah Shepard Sarah Jordan Sunil Kumar Meka o f f i c e Communications Program Assistant Jeffrey Keddie H. T. Manjunatha Acting State Director Li Yan Field Coordinator Michael Kenway Ravi Kumar Office Administration Renée Giovarelli, J.D., Carol Shisler Tracy Maycock LL.M. India Project Prashanth P.S. Field Coordinator Li Ping, J.D., M.P.A. Heather Muwero Office Associate Director, Global Center Administrator Priya Nagar Sailaja Kutala Staff Attorney for Women’s Land Rights Office Associate Susan Schlatter Kathy Pryor R D I D e l h i Brandi Ross R u s s i a Tim Hanstad, J.D., Executive Assistant Dr. Haque Samson Ravi Kumar LL.M. Vivien Savath Aleksei Pulin Darryl Vhugen, J.D. Senior Adviser Finance Officer President and CEO Jennifer Schechter Director, Center for Staff Attorney Melinda Shelton Raj Kumar Valaparla Land Reform Support, Nathan Hilgendorf Kathleen Wright Sarah Sprinkle R D I Admininstrative Vladimir Oblast Contract Research Bhubaneswar Coordinator Director of Development Amina Suchoski M.K. Turina Assistant Emily Swope Biswajit Behera Tim Yeadon Attorney Ailey Keith-Kaiser Gabriella Wagner Office Assistant RDI kolkata Communications Project and Research Linda M . Youngs Aninda Dey S.K. Churkina Associate Onkar Tripathi Assistant Lauren Zimmermann Senior Manager Office Manager Attorney

Gina Zanolli Gracykutty Middey Sanjoy Patnaik Executive Assistant State Director Orissa State Director RDI is a non-profit organization that partners with governments in developing countries to create laws that provide secure land rights to the world’s poorest families . For more than 40 years, RDI has worked as a catalyst to help produce market-friendly land laws and policy reforms . To date, RDI has partnered with governments on reforms that have helped more than 100 million families secure a piece of land to call their own .

1411 Fourth Ave, suite 910 • seattle, WA 98101 usA • v 206.528.5880 • F 206.528.5881 • www.rdiland.org