Crustal Structure and Development of the SW Barents Sea and The
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Data Structure
Data structure – Water The aim of this document is to provide a short and clear description of parameters (data items) that are to be reported in the data collection forms of the Global Monitoring Plan (GMP) data collection campaigns 2013–2014. The data itself should be reported by means of MS Excel sheets as suggested in the document UNEP/POPS/COP.6/INF/31, chapter 2.3, p. 22. Aggregated data can also be reported via on-line forms available in the GMP data warehouse (GMP DWH). Structure of the database and associated code lists are based on following documents, recommendations and expert opinions as adopted by the Stockholm Convention COP6 in 2013: · Guidance on the Global Monitoring Plan for Persistent Organic Pollutants UNEP/POPS/COP.6/INF/31 (version January 2013) · Conclusions of the Meeting of the Global Coordination Group and Regional Organization Groups for the Global Monitoring Plan for POPs, held in Geneva, 10–12 October 2012 · Conclusions of the Meeting of the expert group on data handling under the global monitoring plan for persistent organic pollutants, held in Brno, Czech Republic, 13-15 June 2012 The individual reported data component is inserted as: · free text or number (e.g. Site name, Monitoring programme, Value) · a defined item selected from a particular code list (e.g., Country, Chemical – group, Sampling). All code lists (i.e., allowed values for individual parameters) are enclosed in this document, either in a particular section (e.g., Region, Method) or listed separately in the annexes below (Country, Chemical – group, Parameter) for your reference. -
Satellite Ice Extent, Sea Surface Temperature, and Atmospheric 2 Methane Trends in the Barents and Kara Seas
The Cryosphere Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-2018-237 Manuscript under review for journal The Cryosphere Discussion started: 22 November 2018 c Author(s) 2018. CC BY 4.0 License. 1 Satellite ice extent, sea surface temperature, and atmospheric 2 methane trends in the Barents and Kara Seas 1 2 3 2 4 3 Ira Leifer , F. Robert Chen , Thomas McClimans , Frank Muller Karger , Leonid Yurganov 1 4 Bubbleology Research International, Inc., Solvang, CA, USA 2 5 University of Southern Florida, USA 3 6 SINTEF Ocean, Trondheim, Norway 4 7 University of Maryland, Baltimore, USA 8 Correspondence to: Ira Leifer ([email protected]) 9 10 Abstract. Over a decade (2003-2015) of satellite data of sea-ice extent, sea surface temperature (SST), and methane 11 (CH4) concentrations in lower troposphere over 10 focus areas within the Barents and Kara Seas (BKS) were 12 analyzed for anomalies and trends relative to the Barents Sea. Large positive CH4 anomalies were discovered around 13 Franz Josef Land (FJL) and offshore west Novaya Zemlya in early fall. Far smaller CH4 enhancement was found 14 around Svalbard, downstream and north of known seabed seepage. SST increased in all focus areas at rates from 15 0.0018 to 0.15 °C yr-1, CH4 growth spanned 3.06 to 3.49 ppb yr-1. 16 The strongest SST increase was observed each year in the southeast Barents Sea in June due to strengthening of 17 the warm Murman Current (MC), and in the south Kara Sea in September. The southeast Barents Sea, the south 18 Kara Sea and coastal areas around FJL exhibited the strongest CH4 growth over the observation period. -
Re-Evaluation of Strike-Slip Displacements Along and Bordering Nares Strait
Polarforschung 74 (1-3), 129 – 160, 2004 (erschienen 2006) In Search of the Wegener Fault: Re-Evaluation of Strike-Slip Displacements Along and Bordering Nares Strait by J. Christopher Harrison1 Abstract: A total of 28 geological-geophysical markers are identified that lich der Bache Peninsula und Linksseitenverschiebungen am Judge-Daly- relate to the question of strike slip motions along and bordering Nares Strait. Störungssystem (70 km) und schließlich die S-, später SW-gerichtete Eight of the twelve markers, located within the Phanerozoic orogen of Kompression des Sverdrup-Beckens (100 + 35 km). Die spätere Deformation Kennedy Channel – Robeson Channel region, permit between 65 and 75 km wird auf die Rotation (entgegen dem Uhrzeigersinn) und ausweichende West- of sinistral offset on the Judge Daly Fault System (JDFS). In contrast, eight of drift eines semi-rigiden nördlichen Ellesmere-Blocks während der Kollision nine markers located in Kane Basin, Smith Sound and northern Baffin Bay mit der Grönlandplatte zurückgeführt. indicate no lateral displacement at all. Especially convincing is evidence, presented by DAMASKE & OAKEY (2006), that at least one basic dyke of Neoproterozoic age extends across Smith Sound from Inglefield Land to inshore eastern Ellesmere Island without any recognizable strike slip offset. INTRODUCTION These results confirm that no major sinistral fault exists in southern Nares Strait. It is apparent to both earth scientists and the general public To account for the absence of a Wegener Fault in most parts of Nares Strait, that the shape of both coastlines and continental margins of the present paper would locate the late Paleocene-Eocene Greenland plate boundary on an interconnected system of faults that are 1) traced through western Greenland and eastern Arctic Canada provide for a Jones Sound in the south, 2) lie between the Eurekan Orogen and the Precam- satisfactory restoration of the opposing lands. -
Arctic Ocean Outflow and Glacier-Ocean Interaction Modify Water Over the Wandel Sea Shelf
Ocean Sci. Discuss., doi:10.5194/os-2017-28, 2017 Manuscript under review for journal Ocean Sci. Discussion started: 20 April 2017 c Author(s) 2017. CC-BY 3.0 License. Arctic Ocean outflow and glacier-ocean interaction modify water over the Wandel Sea shelf, northeast Greenland Igor A. Dmitrenko1*, Sergei A. Kirillov1, Bert Rudels2, David G. Babb1, Leif Toudal Pedersen3, Søren 5 Rysgaard1,4,5, Yngve Kristoffersen6,7 and David G. Barber1 1Centre for Earth Observation Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada 2Finnish Meteorological Institute, Helsinki, Finland 3Danish Meteorological Institute, Copenhagen, Denmark 10 4Greenland Climate Research Centre, Greenland Institute of Natural Resources, Nuuk, Greenland 5Arctic Research Centre, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark 6Department of Earth Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway 7 Nansen Environmental and Remote Sensing Centre, Bergen, Norway 15 *Corresponding author, e-mail: [email protected] Abstract: The first-ever conductivity-temperature-depth (CTD) observations on the Wandel Sea shelf in North Eastern Greenland were collected in April-May 2015. They were complemented by CTD profiles taken along the continental slope during the Norwegian FRAM 2014-15 drift. The CTD profiles 1 Ocean Sci. Discuss., doi:10.5194/os-2017-28, 2017 Manuscript under review for journal Ocean Sci. Discussion started: 20 April 2017 c Author(s) 2017. CC-BY 3.0 License. 20 are used to reveal the origin of water masses and interactions with ambient water from the continental slope and the outlet glaciers. The subsurface water is associated with the Pacific Water outflow from the Arctic Ocean. The underlying Halocline separates the Pacific Water from a deeper layer of Polar Water that has interacted with the warm Atlantic water outflow through Fram Strait recorded below 140 m. -
5.2 Barents Sea Ecoregion – Fisheries Overview
ICES Fisheries Overviews Barents Sea Ecoregion Published 29 November 2019 5.2 Barents Sea Ecoregion – Fisheries overview Table of contents Executive summary ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 1 Introduction .................................................................................................................................................................................................. 1 Who is fishing ............................................................................................................................................................................................... 2 Catches over time ......................................................................................................................................................................................... 6 Description of the fisheries........................................................................................................................................................................... 8 Fisheries management ............................................................................................................................................................................... 12 Status of the fishery resources .................................................................................................................................................................. -
Norway in Respect of Areas in the Arctic Ocean, the Barents Sea and the Norwegian Sea Executive Summary
Continental Shelf Submission of Norway in respect of areas in the Arctic Ocean, the Barents Sea and the Norwegian Sea Executive Summary 50˚00’ 85˚00’ 45˚00’ 40˚00’ 35˚00’ Continental shelf 30˚00’ 30˚00’ 200 nautical mile limit of Norway beyond 200 nautical 85˚00’ 25˚00’ 25˚00’ 20˚00’ 20˚00’ miles 15˚00’ 15˚00’ 200 nautical mile limits of other states 10˚00’5˚00’ 0˚00’ 5˚00’10˚00’ Bilateral maritime boundaries between Water depth Norway and other states 0 meter Computed median line between 500 meter Norway and the Russian Federation 1000 meter Western 80˚00’ Nansen Basin Preliminary line connecting continental 1500 meter shelf outer limit points of Norway and the Russian Federation 2000 meter Outer limit of the continental shelf 2500 meter beyond 200 nautical miles 3000 meter 2500 meter isobath 3500 meter 80˚00’ Yermak BARENTS Land boundaries between states 4000 meter Plateau Boundary between 200 nautical mile 4500 meter SEA 75˚00’ zones of Mainland Norway and around Svalbard 5000 meter 5500 meter Land Svalbard Continental shelf outer limit points Norwegian territory 60 nautical mile distance criterion Sediment thickness criterion Land, undifferentiated Knipovich Ridge Loop Greenland Hole Point of the Russian Federation 75˚00’ 70˚00’ GREENLAND SEA Bjørnøya 65˚00’ 70˚00’ Mohns Ridge Jan Mayen 60˚00’ NORWEGIAN 50˚00’ Lofoten Jan Mayen Fracture Zone SEA Basin Iceland SEAVøring Spur Jan Mayen Micro Continent Banana Hole Plateau Banana Hole 65˚00’ 45˚00’ Vøring Russian Federation Norway Plateau Basin 40˚00’ Iceland Finland 35˚00’ 60˚00’ 30˚00’ -
Arctic Ocean Outflow and Glacier-Ocean Interaction Modify Water Over the Wandel Sea Shelf
1 1 Arctic Ocean outflow and glacier-ocean interaction modify water over the Wandel Sea shelf 2 (Northeast Greenland) 3 4 5 Igor A. Dmitrenko1*, Sergey A. Kirillov1, Bert Rudels2, David G. Babb1, Leif Toudal Pedersen3, Søren 6 Rysgaard1,4,5, Yngve Kristoffersen6,7 and David G. Barber1 7 8 9 1Centre for Earth Observation Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada 10 2Finnish Meteorological Institute, Helsinki, Finland 11 3 Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark 12 4Greenland Climate Research Centre, Greenland Institute of Natural Resources, Nuuk, Greenland 13 5Arctic Research Centre, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark 14 6Department of Earth Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway 15 7 Nansen Environmental and Remote Sensing Centre, Bergen, Norway 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 *Corresponding author, e-mail: [email protected] 2 23 Abstract: The first-ever conductivity-temperature-depth (CTD) observations on the Wandel Sea shelf in 24 North Eastern Greenland were collected in April-May 2015. They were complemented by CTDs taken 25 along the continental slope during the Norwegian FRAM 2014-15 drift. The CTD profiles are used to 26 reveal the origin of water masses and interactions with ambient water from the continental slope and the 27 tidewater glacier outlet. The subsurface water is associated with the Pacific Water outflow from the Arctic 28 Ocean. The underlying Halocline separates the Pacific Water from a deeper layer of Polar Water that has 29 interacted with the warm Atlantic water outflow through Fram Strait recorded below 140 m. Over the outer 30 shelf, the Halocline shows numerous cold density-compensated intrusions indicating lateral interaction with 31 an ambient Polar Water mass across the continental slope. -
Stratigraphy and Depositional Evolution of the Upper Palaeozoic Sedimentary Succession in Eastem Peary Land, North Greenland
Stratigraphy and depositional evolution of the Upper Palaeozoic sedimentary succession in eastem Peary Land, North Greenland Lars Stemmerik, Eckart Håkansson, Lena Madsen, Inger Nilsson, Stefan Piasecke, Sylvie Pinard2 and Jan A. Rasmussen The Upper Palaeozoic Foldedal and Kim Fjelde formations in eastem Peary Land are redefined on the basis of new biostratigraphic data, including fusulinids, conodonts, palynomorps and small foraminifera. The Foldedal Formation in its new definition includes alllate Moscovian to Gzelian deposits in the region. It is separated by a major hiatus from the redefined Kim Fjelde Formation which includes mid-Permian (late Art inskian - Kungurian) carbonates and chert deposits. The Upper Carboniferous succes sion is dominated by cyclically interbedded siliciclastics and carbonates with minor tab- ular build-ups. The mid and Upper Permian succession consists ofcool-water carbonates, spiculitic chert and shales. L. S., S. pI & J. A. R., Geological Survey ofDenmark and Greenland, Thoravej 8, DK 2400 Copenhagen NV, Denmark. E. H. & L. M., Geological Institute, University ofCopenhagen, øster Voldgade IO, DK 1350 Copenhagen K, Denmark. I. N., Saga Petroleum a.s., Postboks /134, N-9400 Harstad, Norway. S. p2, 7146--119th Street N. w., Edmonton T6G 1V6, Canada (formerly ofthe Geological Survey ofCanada). In eastem Peary Land, the marine Upper Palaeozoic tus spanning most ofthe Early Permian, and accordingly, deposits of the Wandel Sea Basin have been included in the originally proposed lithostratigraphic scheme has to the upper Moscovian to Upper Carboniferous Foldedal be revised. Fonnation ofmixed carbonates and siliciclastics, the Upper This paper revises the lithostratigraphy of the Upper Carboniferous to (?) Kungurian carbonate-dominated Kim Palaeozoic deposits in eastem Peary Land in accordance Fjelde Formation and the shale-dominated, mid to Upper with new sedimentological and sequence stratigraphic Permian Midnatfjeld Formation (Håkansson, 1979; Stem information, and provides new biostratigraphic data from merik & Håkansson, 1989). -
Significance of K/Ar Age Determinations from Northern Peary Land
60 Dawes, P. R. & Soper, N. J. 1970: Geological investigations in northern Peary Land. Rapp. Grønlands geol. Unders. 28, 9-15. Escher, A., Escher, J., & Watterson, J. 1970: The Nagssugtoqidian boundary and the deformation of the Kångamiut dyke swarm in the Søndre Strømfjord area. Rapp. Grønlands geol. Unders. 28, 21-23. Escher, A. & Pulvertaft, T. C. R. 1968: The Precambrian rocks of the Upernavik-Kraulshavn area (72°_ 74°15' N), West Greenland. Rapp. Grønlands geol. Unders. 15, 11-14. Henriksen, N., & Jepsen, H. F. 1970: K/Ar age determinations on dolerites from southern Peary Land. Rapp. Grønlands geol. Unders. 28, 55-58. Keto, L. 1970: Isua, a major iron ore discovery in Greenland. Unpublished report from Kryolitselskabet Øresund AIS, Copenhagen. Lambert, R. St. J. & Simons, J. G. 1969: New KlAr age determinations from southern West Greenland. Rapp. Grønlands geol. Unders. 19, 68-71. Larsen, O. & Møller, J. 1968: K/Ar age determinations from western Greenland L Reconnaissance pro gramme. Rapp. Grønlands geol. Unders. 15, 82-86. Sarsadskikh, N. N., Blagul'kina, V. A. & Silin, Yu. L 1966: Absolute age of Yakutian kimberlites. Dokl. Aead. Sei. USSR, Earth Sci. Sect. 168, 48-50. Watterson, J. 1965: Plutonic development of the Ilordleq area, South Greenland. Bul!. Grønlands geol. Unders. 51 (also Meddr Grønland, 172, 7) 147 pp. Wanless, R. K., Stevens, R. D. & Loveridge, W. D. 1970: Anomalous parent-daughter isotopic relation ships in rocks adjacent to the Grenville front near Chibougamau, Quebec. Ec!og. geol. Helv. 63; I, 345 364. Windley, B. F. 1970: Primary quartz ferro-dolerite/garnet amphibolite dykes in the Sukkertoppen region of West Greenland. -
Carbon and Oxygen Fluxes in the Barents and Norwegian Seas
Carbon and oxygen fluxes in the Barents and Norwegian Seas: Production, air-sea exchange and budget calculations Caroline Kivimäe Dissertation for the degree philosophiae doctor (PhD) at the University of Bergen August 2007 ISBN 978-82-308-0414-8 Bergen, Norway 2007 Printed by Allkopi Ph: +47 55 54 49 40 ii Abstract This thesis focus on the carbon and oxygen fluxes in the Barents and Norwegian Seas and presents four studies where the main topics are variability of biological production, air-sea exchange and budget calculations. The world ocean is the largest short term reservoir of carbon on Earth, consequently it has the potential to control the atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide (CO2) and has already taken up ~50 % of the antropogenically emitted CO2. It is thus important to study carbon related processes in the ocean to understand their changes in the past, present, and future perspectives. The main function of the Arctic Mediterranean, within which the study area lies, in the global carbon cycle is to take up CO2 from the atmosphere and, as part of the northern limb of the global thermohaline circulation, to convey surface water to the ocean interior. A carbon budget is constructed for the Barents Sea to study the carbon fluxes into and out of the area. The budget includes advection, air-sea exchange, river runoff, land sources and sedimentation. The results reviel that ~5.6 Gt C annually is exchanged through the boundaries of the Barents Sea mainly due to advection, and that the carbon sources within the Barents Sea itself are larger than the sinks. -
Accelerated Sea Ice Loss in the Wandel Sea Points to a Change in the Arctic’S Last Ice Area
Axel Schweiger, Michael Steele, Jinlun Zhang, G.W.K.Moore, and Kristin Laidre Accelerated Sea Ice Loss in the Wandel Sea Points to a Change in the Arctic’s Last Ice Area Key Points 1. 2. The Wandel Sea, north of Greenland An unexpected record-low in the Arctic Ocean, is the concentration of sea-ice in the easternmost part of what is known Wandel Sea was seen in August as the “Last Ice Area” where thick 2020. multi-year sea-ice has been expected to last the longest. Schweiger et al./Communications Earth & Environment. 3. 4. In the whole Arctic Ocean, sea-ice Study of long-term satellite data (extent, thickness, and age) has and sea ice modeling experiments decreased over the past couple point to climate change as a cause decades. of long-term thinning of Arctic sea- ice. Black line shows percent of sea-ice concentration for the Wandel Sea from 1 June through 31 August 2020. Solid blue line shows the climatological trend from 1979–2020 with 10/90th and 5/95th percentiles shown in dashed and dotted blue lines. Image courtesy of Schweiger et al. 5. 6. Natural changes in winds and At the beginning of the 2020 sea-ice temperatures cause more loss of melt season (spring) the Wandel sea ice in the area: Sea had unusually high amounts of a. Winds move the sea-ice out of thick ice—but it was not enough to the area prevent the record-low b. Warm air and ocean concentration in August. temperatures melt the ice 7. -
The European Union and the Barents Region
The European Union and the Barents Region lt) (W) ........... v - . ww f () I '"../'::!")/-) -) U 'Ll7 n../c- V t./i ::I -, t../d' ~, <-?•'' )/ '1 What is the European Union? Growing from six Members States in 1952 to 15 by The European Commission, headed by 20 Commis 1995, the European Union today embraces more than sioners, is the motor of European integration. It 370 million people, from the Arctic Circle to Portugal , suggests the policies to be developed and also from Ireland to Crete. Though rich in diversity, the implements them. The Commission is the executive Member States share certain common values. By instrument of the European Union. It sees to it that the entering into partnership together, their aim is to Member States adequately apply the decisions taken promote democracy, peace, prosperity and a fairer and situates itself in the middle of the decision-making distribution of wealth. process of the European Union . The Members of the Commission operate with a clear distribution of tasks. After establishing a true frontier-free Europe by For example, Mr Hans van den Broek has overall eliminating the remaining barriers to trade among responsibility for external relations with European themselves, the Member States of t he European Countries and the New Independent States. Union have resolved to respond to the major economic and social challenges of the day - to The European Parliament represents the people of establish a common currency, boost employment and Europe. It examines law proposals and has the final strengthen Europe's role in world affairs. In so doing, word on the budget.