DOCSLIB.ORG

DEMOCRATIC Republic of Congo

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
DEMOCRATIC Republic of Congo DEMOCRATI C REPUBLI C OF CONGO OBSERVATORY FOR thE PROTEctiON OF humAN Rights DEFENDERS ANNUAL REPORT 2011 The murder of several human rights defenders in 2010, caused a shock wave in the human rights community and demonstrated once again the climate of insecurity in which they work. Women defenders who denounce sexual violence, defenders who fight against impunity for international crimes, who denounce women’s poor working conditions or who work on issues linked to the management of natural resources, continued to be especially vulnerable. In addition, as of the end of April 2011, a pro- posal for a law aiming at criminalising homosexuality and defenders who work in defence of the rights of sexual minorities, remained pending before the National Assembly. Political context In the run-up to the presidential and parliamentary elections due to be held in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) in November 2011, violations of the rights of people who criticise the regime in power increased, whilst civilian population continued to be subjected to grave atrocities by the regular army and armed rebel groups1 that clashed in several regions in the east and the north of the country . Operation Amani Leo, launched on January 1, 2010 in the Kivu provinces and led by the Armed Forces of the DRC (Forces armées de la RDC - FARDC) to fight against the Democratic Forces for the Liberation of Rwanda (Forces démocratiques de libération du Rwanda - FDLR), led to a deterioration in the security of civilians, who are victims of the atrocities committed by both FDLR and FARDC. Other operations carried out by the FARDC against armed groups, such as the “Rwenzori” Operation led in Beni against an Ugandan armed group, the Alliance of Democratic Forces – National Army for the Liberation of Uganda (ADF-NALU),2 resulted in serious human rights violations and population displacement . In the eastern province, on the Ugandan border, operations by the FARDC and the Uganda People’s Defence Forces (Forces de défense populaires de l’Ouganda - FDPO) were 1 / In November 2010, the United Nations Security Council also recalled that these conflicts were fuelled by pillaging of the country’s natural resources. See United Nations Security Council Resolution, United Nations document S/RES/1952 (2010), November 29, 2010. 2 / See Security Council, Report of the Secretary General on the United Nations Organisation Stabilisation 56 Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, United Nations document S/2010/512, October 8, 2010. ANNUAL REPORT 2011 unable to stop the attacks, the pillaging and3 the recruitment of child soldiers by the Lord’s Resistance Army (LRA) . In this context, impunity continued to prevail. General Bosco Ntaganda, despite being sought by the International Criminal Court (ICC) since A 2006, accused of war crimes committed in Ituri in 2002-2003, was still C active within the FARDC. In addition, several officers suspected of war AFRI crimes remained in positions of command, in particular of the Operation Amani Leo. However, some symbolic progress may be noted, especially towards the adoption4 of a draft law to incorporate the provisions of the ICC statute into national legislation, as well as to hold the trials of several high-ranking officials. Furthermore, following the publication in October 2010, by the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights, of a Mapping Report of serious human rights viola- tions perpetrated in Zaire and then in DRC between March 1993 and June 2003 against the civilian population by various armed rebel groups that could be termed as international crimes, a draft law on the creation of a specialised mixed court within the Congolese judicial system to try the authors of the most serious crimes committed since 1990 was in the course of being adopted by Parliament as of the end of April 2011. At international level, positive developments were also to be noted, particularly with the arrest by the French authorities of Mr. Callixte Mbarushimana on October 11, 2010, in accordance with an arrest warrant issued by ICC for “war crimes” and “crimes against humanity” committed5 by the FDLR in the Kivu provinces between the end of 2008 and 2009 . Finally, journalists continued to work in a context not auspicious for them. Although Radio France international (RFI), whose signal had been interrupted since July 2009, was able to resume broadcasts in October 2010, other media were the subject of suspension measures for having criticised the authorities. Journalists in Danger (Journalistes en danger - JED) noted 3 / See Security Council, Report of the Secretary General on the United Nations Organisation Stabilisation Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, United Nations document S/2011/20, January 17, 2011. 4 / On November 4, 2010, parliamentarians voted in favour of the admissibility of the draft law. However, the Political, Administrative and Legal Commission of the National Assembly must examine it before it is proposed for adoption to the parliamentarian in plenary session. 5 / However, on October 25, 2010, the ICC Pre-Trial Chamber I rejected the request of Congolese victims to question the prosecutor on the decision not to prosecute Mr. Jean-Pierre Bemba, President of the Movement for the Liberation of Congo (Mouvement pour la libération du Congo - MLC), for crimes he is alleged to have committed in the Congolese province of Ituri during the 2002-2003 conflict. On November 22, 2010, therefore, his trial began solely for crimes committed in the Central African Republic, and continued until April 2011. 57 OBSERVATORY FOR thE PROTEctiON OF humAN Rights DEFENDERS 87 cases of attacks on freedom of the press in 2010, including6 arrests, threats and administrative, economic or judicial pressure . Lack of any operational mechanism to guarantee the protection of defenders at national level Although the United7 Nations Organisation Stabilisation Mission in DRC (MONUSCO) was renewed and its mandate extended specifi- cally to cover the protection of civilians and human rights defenders, and although at the end of April 2011, a draft law on the promotion and protection of human rights defenders was being prepared at the level of the Government Legislation Subcommittee, defenders continued to work without any operational mechanism to guarantee their protec- tion. Furthermore, although during the United Nations Human Rights Council’s Universal Periodic Review in December 2009, the Government had encouraged8 human rights defenders to refer their complaints to the courts , these had rarely been the subject of investigation or fair trial. Finally, in her report presented during the Human Rights Council session in March 2011, the United Nations Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights defenders noted that 57 of the 58 communications sent to the Government since 2004, had remained unanswered, and she considered that “the situation of human rights defenders working9 in the Democratic Republic of the Congo remains very worrying” . Assassination of several human rights defenders While persistent impunity for the murder of several human rights defenders, especially in 2005, of Mr. Pascal Kabungulu Kimembi, Executive Secretary of the Congolese NGO Inheritors of Justice (Héritiers de la justice), and in 2007, of Mr. Serge Maheshe, a journalist with Radio Okapi which plays a key role in the fight against violence particularly in eastern DRC, probably contributed10 to the cycle of violence against defenders that intensified in 2010 , the murder of three of them caused a shock wave within the human rights community and once again demonstrated the great climate of insecurity in which defenders work. As an example, on June 1, 6 / See JED Annual Report, L’état de la liberté de la presse en RDC, December 2010. 7 / The United Nations Mission in DRC (MONUC) was replaced by a similar mission called MONUSCO in July 2010. See Security Council Resolution, United Nations document S/RES/1925 (2010), May 28, 2010. 8 / See Human Rights Council, Report of the Working Group on the Universal Periodic Review – Democratic Republic of the Congo, United Nations document A/HRC/13/8, January 4, 2010. 9 / See Human Rights Council, Report of the United Nations Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights defenders, Margaret Sekaggya, United Nations document A/HRC/16/44/Add.1, February 28, 2011. 10 / On May 4, 2010, the Bukavu Military Court sentenced two soldiers and a civilian to death for the murder of Mr. Didace Namujimbo, a journalist with Radio Okapi, in 2008. However, this trial shed no 58 light on the facts and the responsibilities in this case. ANNUAL REPORT 2011 2010, Mr. Floribert Chebeya Bahizire, Executive Director of the Voice of the Voiceless (Voix des sans voix - VSV), National Executive Secretary of the National Network of Human Rights NGOs of the DRC (Réseau national des ONG des droits de l’Homme de la RDC - RENADHOC) and a member of the OMCT General Assembly, disappeared after going to A the offices of the Inspector General of the Congolese National Police (IG/ C PNC), General John Numbi Banza Tambo, in the company of Mr. Fidèle AFRI Bazana Edadi, a member of VSV and one of its drivers. The next day, the police found the lifeless body of Mr. Chebeya in his car on a road on the way out of Kinshasa. Furthermore, Mr. Bazana11 was declared dead on March 14, 2011, as his body had not been found . Irregularities that were noted as soon as the body of Mr. Chebeya was discovered – problems for his family in getting access to the body, contradictory statements concerning the cause of death – gave rise to serious concerns about the willingness of the authorities to investigate the case. In spite of appeals by Congolese civil society and the international community to set up an independent commission of enquiry, the investigation was carried out by the Military Justice Department.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Democratic Republic of the Congo INDIVIDUALS
    CONSOLIDATED LIST OF FINANCIAL SANCTIONS TARGETS IN THE UK Last Updated:18/02/2021 Status: Asset Freeze Targets REGIME: Democratic Republic of the Congo INDIVIDUALS 1. Name 6: BADEGE 1: ERIC 2: n/a 3: n/a 4: n/a 5: n/a. DOB: --/--/1971. Nationality: Democratic Republic of the Congo Address: Rwanda (as of early 2016).Other Information: (UK Sanctions List Ref):DRC0028 (UN Ref): CDi.001 (Further Identifiying Information):He fled to Rwanda in March 2013 and is still living there as of early 2016. INTERPOL-UN Security Council Special Notice web link: https://www.interpol.int/en/notice/search/un/5272441 (Gender):Male Listed on: 23/01/2013 Last Updated: 20/01/2021 Group ID: 12838. 2. Name 6: BALUKU 1: SEKA 2: n/a 3: n/a 4: n/a 5: n/a. DOB: --/--/1977. a.k.a: (1) KAJAJU, Mzee (2) LUMONDE (3) LUMU (4) MUSA Nationality: Uganda Address: Kajuju camp of Medina II, Beni territory, North Kivu, Democratic Republic of the Congo (last known location).Position: Overall leader of the Allied Democratic Forces (ADF) (CDe.001) Other Information: (UK Sanctions List Ref):DRC0059 (UN Ref):CDi.036 (Further Identifiying Information):Longtime member of the ADF (CDe.001), Baluku used to be the second in command to ADF founder Jamil Mukulu (CDi.015) until he took over after FARDC military operation Sukola I in 2014. Listed on: 07/02/2020 Last Updated: 31/12/2020 Group ID: 13813. 3. Name 6: BOSHAB 1: EVARISTE 2: n/a 3: n/a 4: n/a 5: n/a.
    [Show full text]
  • Issue Brief Renewing MONUSCO's Mandate
    Issue Brief Renewing MONUSCO’s Mandate: What Role Beyond the Elections? MAY 2011 This issue brief was prepared by Executive Summary Arthur Boutellis of IPI and Guillaume As they prepare to discuss the renewal of MONUSCO’s mandate six months Lacaille, an independent analyst. ahead of general elections in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), The views expressed in this paper the members of the UN Security Council are facing a dilemma. Should they represent those of the authors and limit the role of MONUSCO to the continued protection of civilians in eastern not necessarily those of IPI. IPI Congo, as agreed with President Joseph Kabila, or should they expand its mandate in an attempt to enforce democratic principles before the elections at welcomes consideration of a wide the risk of confronting the incumbent regime? This issue brief argues that range of perspectives in the pursuit MONUSCO should be limited to a technical role in the election—as requested of a well-informed debate on critical by the Congolese authorities—but only on the condition that the international policies and issues in international community reengages President Kabila in a frank political dialogue on long- term democratic governance reforms. affairs. The current security situation does not allow for MONUSCO’s reconfigura - IPI owes a debt of gratitude to its tion or drawdown as of yet. As challenging as it is for the UN mission to many generous donors, whose improve significantly the protection of civilians (PoC) in eastern DRC, the support makes publications like this Congolese security forces are not yet ready to take over MONUSCO’s security one possible.
    [Show full text]
  • Dismissed! Victims of 2015-2018 Brutal Crackdowns in the Democratic Republic of Congo Denied Justice
    DISMISSED! VICTIMS OF 2015-2018 BRUTAL CRACKDOWNS IN THE DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF CONGO DENIED JUSTICE Amnesty International is a global movement of more than 7 million people who campaign for a world where human rights are enjoyed by all. Our vision is for every person to enjoy all the rights enshrined in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and other international human rights standards. We are independent of any government, political ideology, economic interest or religion and are funded mainly by our membership and public donations. © Amnesty International 2020 Except where otherwise noted, content in this document is licensed under a Creative Commons Cover photo: “Dismissed!”. A drawing by Congolese artist © Justin Kasereka (attribution, non-commercial, no derivatives, international 4.0) licence. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/legalcode For more information please visit the permissions page on our website: www.amnesty.org Where material is attributed to a copyright owner other than Amnesty International this material is not subject to the Creative Commons licence. First published in 2020 by Amnesty International Ltd Peter Benenson House, 1 Easton Street London WC1X 0DW, UK Index: AFR 62/2185/2020 Original language: English amnesty.org CONTENTS 1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 7 2. METHODOLOGY 9 3. BACKGROUND: POLITICAL CRISIS 10 3.1 ATTEMPTS TO AMEND THE CONSTITUTION 10 3.2 THE « GLISSEMENT »: THE LONG-DRAWN-OUT ELECTORAL PROCESS 11 3.3 ELECTIONS AT LAST 14 3.3.1 TIMELINE 15 4. VOICES OF DISSENT MUZZLED 19 4.1 ARBITRARY ARRESTS, DETENTIONS AND SYSTEMATIC BANS ON ASSEMBLIES 19 4.1.1 HARASSMENT AND ARBITRARY ARRESTS OF PRO-DEMOCRACY ACTIVISTS AND OPPONENTS 20 4.1.2 SYSTEMATIC AND UNLAWFUL BANS ON ASSEMBLY 21 4.2 RESTRICTIONS OF THE RIGHT TO SEEK AND RECEIVE INFORMATION 23 5.
    [Show full text]
  • From Resource War to ‘Violent Peace’ Transition in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) from Resource War to ‘Violent Peace’
    paper 50 From Resource War to ‘Violent Peace’ Transition in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) From Resource War to ‘Violent Peace’ Transition in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) by Björn Aust and Willem Jaspers Published by ©BICC, Bonn 2006 Bonn International Center for Conversion Director: Peter J. Croll An der Elisabethkirche 25 D-53113 Bonn Germany Phone: +49-228-911960 Fax: +49-228-241215 E-mail: [email protected] Internet: www.bicc.de Cover Photo: Willem Jaspers From Resource War to ‘Violent Peace’ Table of contents Summary 4 List of Acronyms 6 Introduction 8 War and war economy in the DRC (1998–2002) 10 Post-war economy and transition in the DRC 12 Aim and structure of the paper 14 1. The Congolese peace process 16 1.1 Power shifts and developments leading to the peace agreement 17 Prologue: Africa’s ‘First World War’ and its war economy 18 Power shifts and the spoils of (formal) peace 24 1.2 Political transition: Structural challenges and spoiler problems 29 Humanitarian Situation and International Assistance 30 ‘Spoiler problems’ and political stalemate in the TNG 34 Systemic Corruption and its Impact on Transition 40 1.3 ‘Violent peace’ and security-related liabilities to transition 56 MONUC and its contribution to peace in the DRC 57 Security-related developments in different parts of the DRC since 2002 60 1.4 Fragility of security sector reform 70 Power struggles between institutions and parallel command structures 76 2. A Tale of two cities: Goma and Bukavu as case studies of the transition in North and South Kivu
    [Show full text]
  • “We Will Crush You”
    “We Will Crush You” The Restriction of Political Space in the Democratic Republic of Congo Copyright © 2008 Human Rights Watch All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America ISBN: 1-56432-405-2 Cover design by Rafael Jimenez Human Rights Watch 350 Fifth Avenue, 34th floor New York, NY 10118-3299 USA Tel: +1 212 290 4700, Fax: +1 212 736 1300 [email protected] Poststraße 4-5 10178 Berlin, Germany Tel: +49 30 2593 06-10, Fax: +49 30 2593 0629 [email protected] Avenue des Gaulois, 7 1040 Brussels, Belgium Tel: + 32 (2) 732 2009, Fax: + 32 (2) 732 0471 [email protected] 64-66 Rue de Lausanne 1202 Geneva, Switzerland Tel: +41 22 738 0481, Fax: +41 22 738 1791 [email protected] 2-12 Pentonville Road, 2nd Floor London N1 9HF, UK Tel: +44 20 7713 1995, Fax: +44 20 7713 1800 [email protected] 27 Rue de Lisbonne 75008 Paris, France Tel: +33 (1)43 59 55 35, Fax: +33 (1) 43 59 55 22 [email protected] 1630 Connecticut Avenue, N.W., Suite 500 Washington, DC 20009 USA Tel: +1 202 612 4321, Fax: +1 202 612 4333 [email protected] Web Site Address: http://www.hrw.org November 2008 1-56432-405-2 “We Will Crush You” The Restriction of Political Space in the Democratic Republic of Congo Map of the Democratic Republic of Congo ................................................................ 1 I. Summary ............................................................................................................... 2 Methodology ....................................................................................................... 7 II. Recommendations ............................................................................................... 9 To the Congolese Government ............................................................................. 9 To the Congolese National Assembly and Senate .............................................. 10 To International Donors ..................................................................................... 10 To MONUC and the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR) 10 III.
    [Show full text]
  • Democratic Republic of the Congo 2012 Human Rights Report
    DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO 2012 HUMAN RIGHTS REPORT EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) is a nominally centralized, constitutional republic. The president and the lower house of parliament (National Assembly) are popularly elected. Provincial assemblies choose the members of the upper house (Senate). In November 2011 the country held multiparty presidential and National Assembly elections, which many local and international observers judged lacked credibility and were seriously flawed. There were many instances in which state security forces (SSF) acted independently of civilian control and of military command. Weak civilian control over SSF contributed to increased conflict in eastern Congo. In April integrated former rebels of the National Congress for the Defense of the People (CNDP) defected from the national army (FARDC). Subsequently, they created the M23 armed group (named after the March 23, 2009, peace agreements) and challenged government control in the eastern part of the country, which led to violence, the displacement of large numbers of persons, and significant human rights abuses, including the M23’s recruitment and use of children in armed conflict. During the year the government entered into a UN-backed action plan to end the recruitment and use of child soldiers, and the government made significant improvements to reduce the presence of children in the nation’s armed forces. The three most important human rights issues were: armed conflict in the East that exacerbated an already precarious human rights situation, particularly with regard to sexual- and gender-based violence (SGBV); the lack of an independent and effective judiciary; and impunity throughout the country for many serious abuses, including unlawful killings, disappearances, torture, rape, and arbitrary arrests and detention.
    [Show full text]
  • Download the Full Report
    HUMAN RIGHTS JUSTICE ON TRIAL Lessons from the Minova Rape case in the Democratic Republic of Congo WATCH Justice on Trial Lessons from the Minova Rape Case in the Democratic Republic of Congo Copyright © 2015 Human Rights Watch All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America ISBN: 978-1-6231-32781 Cover design by Rafael Jimenez Human Rights Watch is dedicated to protecting the human rights of people around the world. We stand with victims and activists to prevent discrimination, to uphold political freedom, to protect people from inhumane conduct in wartime, and to bring offenders to justice. We investigate and expose human rights violations and hold abusers accountable. We challenge governments and those who hold power to end abusive practices and respect international human rights law. We enlist the public and the international community to support the cause of human rights for all. Human Rights Watch is an international organization with staff in more than 40 countries, and offices in Amsterdam, Beirut, Berlin, Brussels, Chicago, Geneva, Goma, Johannesburg, London, Los Angeles, Moscow, Nairobi, New York, Paris, San Francisco, Tokyo, Toronto, Tunis, Washington DC, and Zurich. For more information, please visit our website: http://www.hrw.org OCTOBER 2015 978-1-6231-32781 Justice on Trial Lessons from the Minova Rape Case in the Democratic Republic of Congo Glossary of Abbreviations ................................................................................................. i Summary ........................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Conflict in Congo - International Crisi… Conflict in Congo
    15/06/2010 Conflict in Congo - International Crisi… Conflict in Congo 1. The current situation 2. What should be done 3. Crisis Group analysis 4. Congo online and in other media Photo: A Congolese soldier holds a RPG in front of the office of opposition presidential candidate President Bemba in Kinshasa, November 2006. Goran Tomasevic/REUTERS. updated 10 June 2010 1. The current situation In the eastern provinces of North and South Kivu: Following violent fighting during the second half of 2008 between the Congolese armed forces (Forces armées de la République démocratique du Congo – FARDC) and the Congolese armed group known as the National People’s Congress (Congrès national du peuple – CNDP), Presidents Joseph Kabila (DRC) and Paul Kagame (Rwanda) found themselves under strong domestic and international pressure to put an end to the latest chapter of a long-lasting conflict in the Congolese Kivu provinces. On 5 December 2008, the two heads of state took everybody by surprise when their respective governments jointly announced the launch of “Umoja Wetu” (Our Unity), a joint military operation against the Rwandan rebels of the Forces démocratiques de libération du Rwanda (FDLR – Democratic Forces for the Liberation of Rwanda), and the opening of direct negotiations between the CNDP and the Kinshasa government. On 20 January 2009, the Rwandan army entered Congo and, in collaboration with the FARDC, neutralized the main elements of the CNDP who had been opposed to integrating their forces into the Congolese army. CNDP leader Laurent Nkunda was arrested by the Rwandan security forces in the night of 22-23 January, and replaced with another senior CNDP figure, Bosco Ntaganda, the subject of an ICC arrest warrant for war crimes since 2006.
    [Show full text]
  • Chebeya-Bazana” Case
    Advocacy Brief/ Public document – October 2011 (revised 11.01.12) Democratic Republic of Congo: “Chebeya-Bazana” Case: The initial proceedings did not manage to establish the whole truth Introduction and statement of the facts On 23 June 2011, i.e. a year after the events, and 36 hearings later, the Kinshasa-Gombe Military Court handed down its decision in the case of those charged with the killing of Floribert Chebeya and the disappearance of Fidèle Bazana – human rights defenders and, respectively, Executive Director and member of the NGO “La Voix des Sans Voix” (VSV). On 2 June 2010, Floribert Chebeya was found dead in his car in Kinshasa. The day before, he and his driver, Fidèle Bazana, had gone to the office of the Inspector General of the Congolese National Police (known by the French initials PNC), General John Numbi, in accordance with their appointment with the latter, fixed by the Principal Inspector of the PNC, Colonel Daniel Mukalay, and had not been seen since. The body of Fidèle Bazana has not been found to date. On 16 November 2010, the Kinshasa-Gombe District Civil Court handed down a declaratory judgement of death for the latter. In its decision, the Military Court ruled that Floribert Chebeya had been assassinated and declared that five members of the PNC were responsible. As to Fidèle Bazana, the Court ruled only that he had been arbitrarily arrested and detained, to the exclusion of murder or assassination. The Court sentenced five of the eight police officers accused. It sentenced to death for the assassination of Floribert Chebeya: Mr Daniel Mukalay, Principal Inspector of the PNC and assistant director in charge of operations and intelligence of the Department of Intelligence and Special Services (known by the French initials DRGS), Mr Christian Ngoy Kenga Kenga, inspector of the PNC (fugitive), Mr Jacques Mugabo, Deputy Commissioner (fugitive) and Mr Paul Milambwe, inspector of the PNC (fugitive).
    [Show full text]
  • Financial Sanctions Notice
    Financial Sanctions Notice December 14, 2020 The Cayman Islands Monetary Authority (“CIMA”) hereby notifies you that it has received a new Notice from the Office of Financial Sanctions Implementation, HM Treasury (“OFSI”), which is attached as an Annex to this Notice. 1. What you must do: A. In the case of an addition or amendment of a person to the Consolidated List and asset freeze: i. Check whether you maintain any accounts or hold any funds or economic resources for the persons set out in the OFSI Notice; ii. Freeze any such accounts and other funds or economic resources. iii. Refrain from dealing with the funds or assets or making them available (directly or indirectly) to such persons unless licensed by the Governor. iv. Report any findings to the Financial Reporting Authority (“FRA”) at [email protected] together with any additional information that would facilitate compliance with the relevant legislative requirements. v. Provide any information concerning the frozen assets of designated persons to the FRA at [email protected] and submitting a compliance reporting form. Information reported to FRA may be passed to other regulatory authorities or law enforcement. B. In the case of the removal of a person from the Consolidated List and unfreezing of assets i. Check whether you have frozen assets of any person or entity removed from the Consolidated List and verify that the person is no longer subject to an asset freeze. ii. Remove the person from your institution’s list of persons or entities subject to financial sanction. iii. Un-freeze the assets of the person and where necessary re-activate all relevant accounts.
    [Show full text]
  • WORLD REPORT 2021 EVENTS of 2020 HUMAN RIGHTS WATCH 350 Fifth Avenue New York, NY 10118-3299 HUMAN RIGHTS WATCH
    HUMAN RIGHTS WATCH WORLD REPORT 2021 EVENTS OF 2020 HUMAN RIGHTS WATCH 350 Fifth Avenue New York, NY 10118-3299 HUMAN www.hrw.org RIGHTS WATCH This 31st annual World Report summarizes human rights conditions in nearly 100 countries and territories worldwide in 2020. WORLD REPORT It reflects extensive investigative work that Human Rights Watch staff conducted during the year, often in close partnership with 2021 domestic human rights activists. EVENTS OF 2020 Human Rights Watch defends HUMAN the rights of people worldwide. RIGHTS WATCH We scrupulously investigate abuses, expose facts widely, and pressure those with power to respect rights and secure justice. Human Rights Watch is an independent, international organization that works as part of a vibrant movement to uphold human dignity and advance the cause of human rights for all. Copyright © 2021 Human Rights Watch Human Rights Watch began in 1978 with the founding of its Europe and All rights reserved. Central Asia division (then known as Helsinki Watch). Today it also Printed in the United States of America includes divisions covering Africa, the Americas, Asia, Europe and Central ISBN is 978-1-64421-028-4 Asia, the Middle East and North Africa, and the United States. There are thematic divisions or programs on arms; business and human rights; Cover photo: Kai Ayden, age 7, marches in a protest against police brutality in Atlanta, children’s rights; crisis and conflict; disability rights; the environment and Georgia on May 31, 2020 following the death human rights; international justice; lesbian, gay, bisexual, and of George Floyd in police custody. transgender rights; refugee rights; and women’s rights.
    [Show full text]
  • The Evolution of an Armed Movement in Eastern Congo Rift Valley Institute | Usalama Project
    RIFT VALLEY INSTITUTE | USALAMA PROJECT UNDERSTANDING CONGOLESE ARMED GROUPS FROM CNDP TO M23 THE EVOLUTION OF AN ARMED MOVEMENT IN EASTERN CONGO rift valley institute | usalama project From CNDP to M23 The evolution of an armed movement in eastern Congo jason stearns Published in 2012 by the Rift Valley Institute 1 St Luke’s Mews, London W11 1Df, United Kingdom. PO Box 30710 GPO, 0100 Nairobi, Kenya. tHe usalama project The Rift Valley Institute’s Usalama Project documents armed groups in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. The project is supported by Humanity United and Open Square and undertaken in collaboration with the Catholic University of Bukavu. tHe rift VALLEY institute (RVI) The Rift Valley Institute (www.riftvalley.net) works in Eastern and Central Africa to bring local knowledge to bear on social, political and economic development. tHe AUTHor Jason Stearns, author of Dancing in the Glory of Monsters: The Collapse of the Congo and the Great War of Africa, was formerly the Coordinator of the UN Group of Experts on the DRC. He is Director of the RVI Usalama Project. RVI executive Director: John Ryle RVI programme Director: Christopher Kidner RVI usalama project Director: Jason Stearns RVI usalama Deputy project Director: Willy Mikenye RVI great lakes project officer: Michel Thill RVI report eDitor: Fergus Nicoll report Design: Lindsay Nash maps: Jillian Luff printing: Intype Libra Ltd., 3 /4 Elm Grove Industrial Estate, London sW19 4He isBn 978-1-907431-05-0 cover: M23 soldiers on patrol near Mabenga, North Kivu (2012). Photograph by Phil Moore. rigHts: Copyright © The Rift Valley Institute 2012 Cover image © Phil Moore 2012 Text and maps published under Creative Commons license Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative www.creativecommons.org/licenses/by/nc-nd/3.0.
    [Show full text]