A Guide to the Beatrice Craig Research Collection, 1973-1993
(MCC:92-00004)
Prepared by Lisa Ornstein Acadian Archives / Archives acadiennes University of Maine at Fort Kent Fort Kent, Maine
Completed 19 August 1994
Revised 30 June 2008
Table of Contents
How to Use this Guide 3
Introduction 4
Access to the Collection 4
Béatrice Craig: Biographical Sketch 4
Scope and Content Notes 5
Series Description 5
Item-Level Inventory 7
Appendices:
Property Transfer and Family Reconstitution Cross-References 75
Explanatory Notes: Series 1: Property Transfer Reconstitutions 75 Series 3: Family Reconstitutions 76 Series 4: Demographic Data Sub-sets 77 Series 5: Census Data 77 Series 6: Travelers’ Accounts 78
2 How to Use this Guide
You may wish to begin by reading the Introduction (p. 4), which gives an overview of the collection. For quick reference, see the Table of Contents (p. 2).
The Craig collection is fairly large (761 items) and covers a variety of subject matter. To help you find your way, we have provided three levels of description:
-Scope and Content Notes (p. 5) brief, overall description.
-Series Description (pp. 5-6) description of major subject areas.
-Item-Level Inventory (pp. 7-32) detailed description of each item.
We recommend that you begin by looking at the Scope and Content Notes for a sense of the collection as a whole. Then carefully read the Series Descriptions before consulting the Item-Level Inventory.
When you have determined the items you wish to consult, simply fill out a Request for the Use of Archives form, including folder numbers, and bring the form to a staff person. Please make sure that you consult the Access to the Collection of this guide (p. 4), which identifies restrictions and proper citations for using this collection.
While consulting the collection, we recommend that you look over the Appendices in the back of this guide (pp. 33-42), which provide helpful cross-references and background information about various collection materials. You may also wish to read the section titled Béatrice Craig: Biographical Sketch (p.4), which describes Dr. Craig’s professional and scholarly careers.
3 Béatrice Craig Research Collection, 1973-1993
Provenance: Béatrice Craig Accession Number: MCC:92-00004
Collection Title: Béatrice Craig Research Collection, 1973-1993
Date Range: ca. 1973-1993 Quantity: 4’ 10” (linear ft.)
Physical Characteristics/Conditions: Photocopies; some off-prints of journal articles; eight 5.25” diskettes.
Introduction. The research collection of Béatrice Craig (b. 1949), historian, professor, and author, consists of data on the history of the Upper St. John Valley for the period ca. 1785-1870. In 1992, Béatrice Craig offered to loan the Acadian Archives her collection for the purpose of creating a photocopy version. Additional materials were added the following year.
Access. Most of the items in this collection are available for consultation without restriction. Materials marked restricted in the inventory are not to be consulted without the donor’s permission before 1/1/2003.
Professor Craig has retained literary rights to the unpublished materials in her collection. Collection materials may not be published without her permission. Unpublished articles and papers may not be quoted without her permission.
With the permission of the Archivist, and in accordance with existing Archival photocopy polices, researchers may make one copy of the material for their personal use for research purpose. They must quote “Béatrice Craig Research Collection, 1973-1993, MCC:92-00004, Acadian Archives / Archives acadiennes, University of Maine at Fort Kent” as a source if they use it in papers or publications.
Biographical Sketch. Béatrice Craig is an historian. Born in France in 1949, she obtained a certificate for English language instruction from the Université de Lille (France) III in 1974. Prior to writing her M.A. dissertation, she spent a year in Presque Isle, Maine as a teaching assistant at the University of Maine at Presque Isle, where she began research on the Franco-American community of the Upper St. John Valley.
Dr. Craig obtained an M.A. in American Studies from the Université de Lille in 1975; she received her Ph.D. in Canadian and American History from the University of Maine in 1983. Since 1985, she has been employed as a professor of history at the University of Ottawa.
For the last twenty years, the primary focus of Dr. Craig’s historical research and scholarship has been the Franco-American community of the Upper St. John valley. Her early work concentrated on kinship and migration; later she began exploring inheritance of property, and most recently she has been studying economics history. In addition to her thesis and dissertation, Dr. Craig has produced numerous journal articles, conference presentations, and book chapters
4 concerning the history of the Upper St. John Valley. She is presently preparing a monograph titles Family, Land and Society in the Upper St. John Valley, 1785-1870.
Scope and Content Notes. This collection consists of Dr. Craig’s 1973-1993 scholarship on the Upper Saint John Valley, including publications, working papers, and research data. The collection consists primarily of photocopies of data entry sheets, data print-outs, notes, related archival documents, published and unpublished articles, presentation papers, and theses. In addition, the collection contains a small number of manuscript notes and eight diskettes of electronic data.
These papers offer significant information about the history, demography, and economy of the Upper St. John River Valley of Maine and New Brunswick from the period 1785-1870. Major data compilations include transfer of property, family reconstitutions, and population and agricultural censuses. The collection also includes excerpts and notes from accounts by travellers to the St. John Valley, as well as copies of Professor Craig’s conference papers and publications on the Upper St. John River Valley.
Series Description. This collection is arranged into ten series:
1. PROPERTY TRANSFER RECONSTITUTIONS Data on acquisition and conveyance of property for Saint John Valley families (Maine and New Brunswick) during the period ca. 1785-1870.
Folders 1-346. Arranged alphabetically by family name, first name of head of family, last name of spouse.
2. NOTES ON PROPERTY ACQUISITION AND CONVEYANCE Data from Canadian and American registry offices, note concerning property sales, maintenance deeds, Houlton Probate Court records 1840-1900, timber and sawmill petitions 1817-1865 [restricted], and land applications from Madawaska settlers to the New Brunswick government 1785-1828 [partially restricted].
Folders 347-354. Arranged by source of data and time period.
3. FAMILY RECONSTITUTIONS Family reconstitution data for the Upper Saint John Valley (Maine and New Brunswick) during the period ca. 1785-1870+.
Folders 355-684. Arranged alphabetically by family name, first name of Husband, last name of wife.
5
4. DEMOGRAPHIC DATA SUB SETS Demographic data for the Upper St. John Valley (Maine and New Brunswick): families present in the St. John Valley prior to 1800, demographically complete families 1785- 1840, and demographically incomplete families 1785-1840.
Folders 685-687. Arranged by topic, last name, first name of husband, last name of wife.
5. CENSUS DATA Census data for the Saint John Valley (Maine and New Brunswick) during the period 1820-1871; a facsimile of the J.A MacLaughlan report of 1833.
Folders 688-712. Population schedules are followed by agriculture schedules, grouped chronologically by country.
6. TRAVELLERS’ ACCOUNTS Excerpts from and notes concerning accounts, letters, and petitions by travelers to or residents of the Upper St. John Valley during the period 1790-1878.
Folders 713-725. Arranged chronologically.
7. BÉTRICE CRAIG PRESENTATIONS AND PUBLICATIOS Unpublished and published works by Professor Craig.
Folders 726-748. Arranged chronologically.
8. ELECTRONIC DATA GUIDES AND PRINT-OUTS Codebook, print-out of electronic file.
Folders 749-750. Arranged by topic.
9. MISCELLANEOUS MATERIALS Materials created by Craig and a paper by Martine Côtè.
Folders 751-753. Arranged by topic.
10. DISKETTES Electronic files of archival and census data [restricted], bibliographies, and texts.
Items 754-761. Diskettes 1-4 in original order; 5-8 in order of receipt.
6
Item-level Inventory
SERIES 1: PROPERTY TRANSFER RECONSTITUTIONS (folder 1-346) Data on acquisition and conveyance of property for Saint John Valley families (Maine and New Brunswick) during the period ca. 1785-1850.
Arranged alphabetically by family name, first name of head of family, last name of spouse.
1. ACTON 18. BEARDSLEY 36. BOUCHER
2. AKERLY 19. BEAULIEU 37. BOULANGER
3. ALBERT 20. BEAUPRE 39. BOULE
4. ALLAN 21. BECKWITH 39. BOURGOIN
5. AMIRAUX 22. BEDELL 40. BOUTIN
6. ANDERSON 23. BELANGER 41. BOUTOT
7. ARCHISHOP OF 24. BELL 42. BRIDGE QUEBEC
8. ATKINS 25. BELLEFLEUR 43. BROOK
9. AUCLAIR 26. BERGERON 44. BROWN
10. AUDIBERT 27. BERNECHE 45. BUJEAULT
11. AYOTTE 28. BERNIER 46. BURK
12. BABIN 29. BERUBE 47. BURPEE
13. BAKER 30. BEVERIDGE 48. BURRABY
14. BARD 31. BLANCHET 49. BURRAGE
15. BARNARD 32. BOIS 50. BURRAY
16. BARTLETT 33. BOLTON 51. BYRAM
17. BAUDRY 34. BOSSE 52. CALDWELL
35. BOUCHARD 53. CARON
7
54. CARRICK 76. COSTELLO 98. DUBE
55. CARY 77. COSTIGAN 99. DUBOIS
56 CASEY 78. COSTIN 100. DUFOUR
57. CASTONGUAY 79. COTE 101. DUMOND
58. CHAMBERLAND 80. COUFFE 102. DUNCAN
59. CHAREST 81. COUTURE 103. DUPERRE
60. CHASSE 82. COUTURIER 104. DUREPOS
61. CHOUINARD 83. CRARUM 105. DURET
62. CLAIR 84. CRAVEN 106. EATON
63. CLANEY 85. CUMAN 107. EMERY
64. CLAVET 86. CURRAN 108. EMMERSON
65. CLEMENT 87. CYR 109. ENGLAND
66. CLOUTIER 88. DAIGLE 110. FARRELL
67. COLIN 89. DAVENPORT 111. FIELD
68. CONLIFFE 90. DESJARDIN 112. FISHER
69. CONNELL 91. DESROSIERS 113. FOLEY
70. COOMBES 92. DEVON 114. FORTIN
71. COOPER 93. DEVOT 115. FOURNIER
72. CORBIN 94. DIONNE 116. FRASER
73. CORMIER 95. DOUCET 117. FRIED
74. CORNEAU 96. DOUGLAS 118. GAGNON
75. CORRIVEAU 97. DOWLING 119. GALARIN
8
120. GALBOTTE 142. GUAY 164. HONT
121. GARDEN 143. GUEDRY 165. HUGHES
122. GARDNER 144. GUERETTE 166. HUNNEWELL
123. GAUVIN 145. GUIMOND 167. HYANEUX
124. GENDREAU 146. GUINDEAU 168. JACK
125. GERMAIN 147. GUY 169. JACKSON
126. GINN 148. HACHEY 170. JALBERT
127. GIRAUD 149. HALL 171. JOHNSON
128. GLAZIER 150. HAMMOND 172. JONES
129. GLIDDEN 151. HARFORD 173. KEATON
130. GODIN 152. HART 174. KEDDLES
131. GODREAU 153. HASTING 175. KEEGAN
132. GORDON 154. HATHAWAY 176. KELLY
133. GORMLEY 155. HAWES 177. KENDALL
134. GORNAY 156. HEBERT 178. KENNEDY
135. GOSSELIN 157. HEMON 179. KERSON
136. GOVER 158. HENDERSON 180. KETCHUM
137. GRACE 159. HERLIN 181. KING
138. GRAZIER 160. HEWES 182. LABBE
139. GRENIER 161. HODGSON 183. LABREC
140. GREW 162. HOLCOMB 184. LABRIE
141. GRONDIN 163. HOLLAND 185. LACHWAY
9
186. LACOMBE 208. LEY 230. MARQUIS
187. LAFERRIERE 209. LICHIE 231. MARTIN
188. LAFORET 210. LIZOTTE 232. MAY
189. LAFORGE 211. LORNEY 233. MAZZEROLLE
190. LAGACE 212. LYNCH 234. MELLEN
191. LAJEUNESSE 213. LYONS 235. MERCURE
192. LAJOIE 214. McCAFFERTY 236. MEVIL
193. LAMARRE 215. McCRAY 237. MICHAUD
194. LANDRY 216. MacDONALD 238. MILLIARD
195. LANG 217. MACE 239. MITCHELL
196. LANGEVIN 218. McGROWTH 240. MIVILLE
197. LANGLAIS 219. McKAY 241. MONTREUIL
198. LAPIERRE 220. McKEON 242. MOREL
199. LAPOINTE 221. MacLAUGHLAN 243. MORIN
200. LAVOIE 222. McLEAN 244. MORNEAU
201. LEBEL 223. MacPHERSON 245. MORRIS
202. LEBLANC 224. McQUNK 246. MORRISON
203. LEBLOND 225. McRAY 247. MORTON
204 LECLERC 226. MADIGAN 248. MOYEN
205. LEE 227. MADORE 249. MURRAY
206. LEVASSEUR 228. MALENFANT 250. NADEAU
207. LEVESQUE 229. MALONEY 251. NEEDHAM
10 252. NILES 274. POTVIN 296. ROUSSEAU
253. NUGENT 275. POWERS 297. ROY
254. O’NEAL 276. PREVOT 298. RYAN
255. OUELLETTE 277. PRIESTLEY 299. SAINT AMANT
256. PAGE 278. PROUX 300. SAINT GERMAIN
257. PARADIS 279. QUIGLEY 301. SAINT JORRE
258. PARENT 280. RACINE 302. SAINT ONGE
259. PATRIE 281. RAINSFORD 303. SAINT PIERRE
260. PELLERIN 282. RANKIN 304. SALABOUR
261. PELLETIER 283. RAYMOND 305. SANSFACON
262. PERLEY 284. READY 306. SAUCIER
263. PERREAULT 285. RICE 307. SAVAGE
264. PERRON 286. RINGUETTE 308. SAVARD
265. PETIT 287. RIOUX 309. SHEA
266. PHILIBERT 288. RIVET 310. SINCLAIR
267. PICARD 289. ROBERGE 311. SIROIS
268. PIERCE 290. ROBERTSON 312. SMITH
269. PILOTE 291. ROBIC HAUD 313. SOUCY
270. PINET 292. ROBINSON 314. STOCOMB
271. PLOURDE 293. ROBITAILLE 315. STONE
272. POITRAS 294. RONSON 316. STRIPMAN
273. PORTER 295. ROSSIGNOL 317. STROUP
11 318. STURGEON 340. WHITNEY
319. SYLVAIN 341. WILDS
320. TALBOT 342. WILLEY
321. TARDIF 343. WILMOT
322. TERRIEN 344. WRIGHT
323. THERIAULT 345. YEARINGTON
324. THIBAULT 346. YOUNG
325. THIBODEAU
326. THOMAS
327. TIBBET
328. TITH
329. TOBIN
330. TURNER
331. TRUDEL
332. VAILLANCOURT
333. VAISEUR
334. VIOLETTE
335. WALSH
336. WEBSTER
337. WHEELOCK
338. WHITAKER
339. WHITE
12 SERIES 2: NOTES ON PROPERTY ACQUISITION AND CONVEYANCE (folders 347-354) Data from Canadian and American registry office, notes concerning property sales, maintenance deed, Houlton Probate Courts records 1840-1900, timber and sawmill petitions 1817-1865 [restricted], and land applications from Madawaska settlers to the New Brunswick government 1785-1828 [partially restricted]
Arranged by source of data and time period.
347. St. John Valley property sales: notes from York County Registry Office, 1785-1834. Notes and excerpts taken by Professor Craig from the York County, N. B. Registry Office collection, Provincial Archives of New Brunswick.
348. Saint John Valley property sales: notes from the Carleton County Registry Office, 1832- 1850. Notes taken by Professor Craig from the Carleton County, N. B. Registry Office Collection.
349. Saint John Valley deed of maintenance (indenture) data, notes, and photocopies Registries in Carleton and Madawaska counties, N.B. and in Fort Kent, Me., ca 1829- 1862. Research notes, statistical data, and photocopies of registry entries relating to indentures.
pp. 1-6 statistics on annual provisions gathered from deeds of maintenance recorded in Carleton, N.B., and in Fort Kent, Me., and Madawaska, N.B. 7-16 notes on food and clothing, dowries, boy’s portions, and equivalent measures for provision quantities 17 data on staple crop production per household and per active farm (samplings from 1799-1851) 18 data on production per farm in Madawaska County, N.B., 1851- 1871. 19-45 data on maintenance deeds from the Carleton, N.B. Registry 46-89 data on maintenance deeds from the Fort Kent, Me. Registry 90-144 photocopies of maintenance deeds from the Fort Kent, Me. Registry. 145-6 table of contents notes for maintenance deed data from Madawaska County, N.B. Registry 147-93 data on maintenance deeds from Madawaska County, N.B. Registry 194-99 data on maintenance deeds, from Victoria County, N.B. Registry
13 350. Houlton Probate Court Data, 1840-1880. Manuscript notes on Houlton Probate Court cases from the Saint John Valley.
351. Houlton Probate Court Data, 1879-1900. Manuscript notes on Houlton Probate Court cases from the Saint John Valley.
352. Timber and Sawmill Petition Data, 1817-1856. [restricted until 1 January 2003] Manuscript notes and excerpts taken by Professor Craig from collection RS 663 A (timber and sawmill petitions 1817-1865), Provincial Archives of New Brunswick.
353. Notes on land applications from Madawaska settlers to NewBrunswick government, 1820s. [restricted until 1 January 2003] Manuscript notes and excerpts taken by Professor Craig from collection RS 108 (land application book), Provincial Archives of New Brunswick.
354.Notes on land application from Madawaska settlers to New Brunswick government, 1785-1828. Manuscript notes and excerpt taken by Professor Craig from collection land Application book and microfilms, Provincial Archives of New Brunswick.
SERIES 3: FAMILY RECONSTITUTIONS (folders 355-684) Family reconstitution data for the Upper Saint John Valley (Maine and New Brunswick) during the period ca. 1785-1850+.
Aranged alphabetically by family name, first name of husband, last name of wife.
355. ALBERT 363. ARSENEAU 371. BAKER
356. AMBROISE 364. AUBIN 372. BARD
357. AMIRAUX 365. AUCLAIR 373. BARON
358. ANDERSON 366. AUDIBERT 374. BAUDRY
359. ANDOIRICK 367. AUGER 375. BEAULIEU
360. ANNY 368. AUJENNE 376. BEAUPRE
361. ARBOUR 369. AYOTTE 377. BELANGER
362. ARLON 370. BABIN 378. BELLEFLEUR
14 379. BERGERON 401. BURN 423. CLEARY
380. BERNARD 402. BURPIN 424. CLEMENT
381. BERNECHE 403. CAIN 425. CLOUTIER
382. BERNIER 404. CAJETAN 426. COCHRANE
383. BERUBE 405. CAOUETTE 427. COLIN
384. BLANCHET 406. CARON 428. COMEAU
385. BLIER 407. CARRIER 429. CONNALY
386. BOIS 408. CARROL 430. CONNORS
387. BONENFANT 409. CASEY 431. CORBIN
388. BOSSE 410. CASSISTAT 432. CORMIER
389. BOTH 411. CASTONGUAY 433. CORNEAU
390. BOUCHARD 412. CAVANAGH 434. CORRAN
391. BOUCHER 413. CHAMBERLAND 435. CORRIVEAU
392. BOULE 414. CHAPAIS 436. COSTIN
393. BOURGOIN 415. CHAREST 437. COTE
394. BOUSENS 416. CHARTIER 438. COUFFE
395. BOUTOT 417. CHASSE 439. COULOMB
396. BRIDGE 418. CHOUINARD 440. COUTURIER
397. BROWN 419. CHRETIEN 441. CROW
398. BUJEAULT 420. CHRISTOPHER 442. CURRAN
399. BURFAEL 421. CLARK 443. CYR
400. BURK 422. CLAVET 444. DAIGLE
15 445. DALL 467. DURANT 489. GANOTTE
446. DALLAIRE 468. DUREPOS 490. GARETY
447. DANDURENT 469. EDEN 491. GARNEAU
448. DASTOU 470. EMERY 492. GAUVIN
449. DAVENPORT 471. EMOND 493. GENDREAU
450. DESCHENES 472. EVANS 494. GERVAIS
451. DESJARDIN 473. FARREL 495. GILKEV
452. DESNOYER 474. FERGUSON 496. GIRARD
453. DESPRE 475. FERELATE 497. GODIN
454. DESROSIERS 476. FITZGERALD 498. GODREAU
455. DEVOT 477. FOGERTY 499. GOLDEN
456. DIONNE 478. FONGEMIE 500. GORNEAU
457. DOUCET 479. FONTAINE 501. GOSSELIN
458. DUBE 480. FORTIN 502. GRACE
459. DUBOIS 481. FOURNIER 503. GRENIER
460. DUC 482. FRANC 504. GRONDIN
461. DUFOUR 483. FRASER 505. GROULX
462. DUMOND 484. FREMOND 506. GUAY
463. DUNAN 485. FRERE 507. GUEDRY
464. DUNN 486. GAGNON 508. GUERENTON
465. DUPERRE 487. GALLAGHER 509. GUERETTE
466. DUPONT 488. GAMACHE 510. GUFFIN
16 511. GUIBLIN 533. LABRIE 555. LEBRUN
512. GUIMOND 534. LACHANCE 556. LECLERC
513. GUY 535. LACOMBE 557. LENAIGRE
514. HAFFORD 536. LAFERRIERE 558. LEPAGE
515. HALLINEY 537. LAFLAMME 559. LEVASSEUR
516. HAMEL 538. LAFORET 560. LEVESQUE
517. HART 539. LAFRANCE 561. LEY
518. HARVEY 540. LAGACE 562. L’ITALIEN
519. HEBERT 541. LAINE 563. LIZOTTE
520. HUOT 542. LAJOIE 564. LYNCH
521. HYANEUX 543. LAMARRE 565. MacDONALD
522. JACKSON 544. LAMOTTE 566. MacFADEA
523. JACQUEL 545. LANDRY 567. MacKEALAR
524. JALBERT 546. LANG 568. MacKENZIE
525. JOHNSON 547. LANGLAIS 569. MacKEY
526. JOLIET 548. LAPIERRE 570. MacLALEN
527. JUDGE 549. LAPOINTE 571. MacPHERSON
528. KEAGAN 550. LAUSIER 572. MacQUERY
529. KENNEDY 551. LAVOIE 573. MADORE
530. LABBE 552 LEBEL 574. MAGLANNEY
531. LABONTE 553. LEBLANC 575. MALENFANT
532. LABREC 554. LEBLOND 576. MALEY
17 577. MALTAIS 599. MYER 621. POIRIER
578. MALTER 600. NADEAU 622. POITRAS
579. MARQUIS 601. NEALIS 623. POTIER
580. MARTIN 602. NUGENT 624. POTVIN
581. MASSE 603. O’NEAL 625. POWERS
582. MAXINE 604. O’SULLIVAN 626. RACINE
583. MAZZEROLLE 605. OUELLETTE 627. RAYMOND
584. MERCIER 606. OUSS 628. READY
585. MERCURE 607. PARADIS 629. RICE
586. MICHAUD 608. PARENT 630. RINGUETTE
587. MILER 609. PARLE 631. RIOUX
588. MILLIARD 610. PATERSON 632. RIVET
589. MIVILLE 611. PATRY 633. ROBERGE
590. MONJON 612. PELLETIER 634. ROBERT
591. MONTREUIL 613. PELLERIN 635. ROBICHAUD
592. MORAN 614. PERLL 636. ROSSGNOL
593. MOREL 615. PERREAULT 637. ROTSCH
594. MORENCY 616. PERRON 638. ROUSSEAU
595. MORIN 617. PHILIBERT 639. ROUSSEL
596. MORNEAU 618. PICARD 640. ROY
597. MOYEN 619. PINET 641. RUET
598. MURPHY 620. PLOURDE 642. RYAN
18 543. SAINDON 665. THIBAULT
544. SAINT AMANT 666. THIBODEAU
545. SAINT COEUR 667. THIORET
546. SAINT GERMAIN 668. THOMAS
547. SAINT JORRE 669. THOMPSON
548. SAINT ONGE 670. TITH
549. SAINT PIERRE 671. TOBIN
550. SALESSE 672. TOMASE
551. SANSFACON 673. TREPANNIER
552. SAUCIER 674. TRUDEL
553. SAVAGE 675. TURCOTTE
554. SILVAIN 676. TURGEON
555. SIMOND 677. VAILLANCOURT
556. SINCLAIR 678. VIEL
557. SIROIS 679. VIOLETTE
558. SMITH 680. WADSON
559. SOUCY 681. WELSH
560. SWEENEY 682. WELLON
561. TALBOT 683. WHITE
562. TARDIF 684. WILES
563. TERRIEN
564. THERIAULT
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61 SERIES 4: DEMOGRAPHIC SUBSETS (folders 685-687) Demographic data for the Upper St. John Valley (Maine and New Brunswick): families present in the St. John Valley prior to 1800, demographically complete families 1785-1840, and demographically incomplete families 1785-1840.
Arranged by topic, last name, first name of husband, last name of wife.
685. Upper St. John Valley Families Present Before 1800.
686. Demographically Complete Families (Upper St. John Valley 1785-1840).
687. Demographically Incomplete Families (Upper St. John Valley 1785-1840).
SERIES 5: CENSUS DATA 1820-1871 (folders 688-712) Census data for the St. John Valley (Maine and New Brunswick) during the period 1820-1871; a facsimile of the J.A. MacLaughlan report of 1833.
Population schedules are followed by agricultural schedules, grouped chronologically by country.
688. Inventory of available census data for St. John Valley (Maine and New Brunswick) 1820-1871. Inventory of known censuses for St. John Valley for period 1820-1871.
689. U.S. census population schedule 1820: Madawaska settlement area Codebook (prepared by Archives staff under direction of Dr. Craig and include at her request in this file) and computer printouts of 1820 census data and statistical and analyses denied from this data.
690. U.S. census population schedule 1830: Madawaska settlement area Computer printouts of 1830 U.S. census data of Madawaska.
691. U.S. census population schedule 1840: Madawaska settlement area Computer printouts of 1840 U.S. census data of Madawaska.
692. U.S. census population schedule 1850: Madawaska settlement. Computer printout and population schedule data for Hancock and Van Buren plantations.
pp. 1-11 Hancock Plantation data 12-55 Van Buren Plantation data
16 AUGUST 1994 NOTE: DR. Craig will send Madawaska Plantation data.
62 693. U.S. census population schedule 1860: St. John Valley (heads of family only). Codebook and computer printouts of 1860 census data and statistical analyses derived from this data.
pp. 1 codebook for entry of 1860 census population schedule data onto coding forms 2-49 population schedule data: Cyr Plantation (township L), Hamlin Plantation (township G-R1), township G, Van Buren, Grand Isle Plantation, Grand Isle, Madawaska, Eagle Lake (township 16- R7), Wallagrass (township 17-R7), Fort Kent west (township 17- R7), St. John (township 17-R8), St. Francis (township 17-R9), Allagash, south river (township 16-R10), Allagash north, Glazier Lake (township 17-R10), Fort Kent east (township 18-R6), Frenchville (township 18-R5), New Canada (township 17-R6, letter F-R1, Ashland and Portage Lake area (various townships, Partial listings focusing on French families and prosperous farms)
694. U.S. census population schedule 1870: St. John Valley (heads of family only).
pp. 1 code book for entry of 1870 census population schedule data onto coding forms 2-54 population schedule data: St. Francis, St. John, Fort Kent, Dickeyville, Madawaska, Grand Isle, Caswell, Conner, T18-R10, T17-R6, Van Buren, Hamlin Plantation, Cyr Plantation
695. U.S. census agriculture schedule 1850: Hancock Plantation, Madawaska, Van Buren. Transcribe census data and related materials.
pp. 1 code book for entry of 1850 agriculture census data onto coding forms 2-3 program for processing Fortran transcription of 1850 agricultural Census data 4-7 agricultural census data: Hancock Plantation 8-11 agricultural census data: Van Buren 12-18 agricultural census data: Madawaska 19 social statistics: Houlton, Madawaska, Van Buren 20 products of industry: Hancock
696. U.S. census agriculture schedule 1860: St. John Valley. Transcribe census data and coding information.
pp.1 code book for entry of 1860 agriculture census data onto coding forms
63 2-69 agriculture census data: T16-R7 (Eagle Lake) Fort Kent, T18-R7 (Fort Kent west, St. John), T17-10 (Glazier Lake, Allagash, north of the river), T18-R6 (Fort Kent east), Frenchville (T18-R5), New Canada (T17-R6), Madawaska, Grand Isle, Van Buren, township G-R1 (Hamlin), township G (Hamlin Plantation), TL-R2 (Cyr Plantation), township FR1 (Caswell) 70 products of industry: Van Buran 71 social statistics: “Northern district”
697. U.S. census agricultural schedule 1870: St. John Valley. Transcribe census data.
pp. 1-83 agricultural census data: St. Francis, St. John, Fort Kent, Dickeyville, New Canada, Eagle Lake, Wallagrass, Madawaska, Grand Isle, TR-R2 (Connor), TR-R1 (Caswell), Hamlin, Cyr, Van Buren, and a few miscellaneous unincorporated regions 84-92 products of industry: Fort Kent, Dickeyville, Madawaska, Grand Isle, Van Buren 93 social statistics: area of Aroostook, Hamlin, Cyr, Van Buren, Grand Isle, Madawaska, and Dickeyville
698. New Brunswick censuses codebook. Code book for entry of 1861 and 1871 population schedule data and 1861 and 1871 agricultural schedules.
699. New Brunswick census population schedule 1861: St. Basil (St-Basile). Transcribed population schedule data: St-Basile.
700. New Brunswick census population schedule 1861: St. Francis, N.B. (St-François). Transcribed population schedule data: St-Francis, N.B.
701. New Brunswick census population schedule 1861: St. Léonard (St-Léonard). Transcribed population schedule data (heads of family only): St-Léonard
702. New Brunswick census population schedule 1861: Madawaska. Transcribed population schedule data: Madawaska.
703. New Brunswick census population schedule 1871: St. Basil (St-Basile). Transcribed census data.
704. New Brunswick census population schedule 1871: St. Francis, N.B. (St-François). Transcribed population schedule data: St.-Francis, N.B.
16 AUG. 1994: Materials still to be received.
64
705. New Brunswick census population schedule 1871: St. Léonard (St-Léonard) districts 1 and 2. Transcribed population data: St-Léonard (heads of family only).
706. New Brunswick census population schedule 1871: Madawaska-Victoria. Transcribed population schedule data: Madawaska-Victoria.
707. New Brunswick census agriculture schedule 1861: Madawaska, St. Basil (St. Basile), St. Francis (St-Francois), St. Léonard (St-Léonard). Transcribe agriculture, buildings, and manufacturing data.
pp. 1-48 agricultural schedule: St. Francis, Madawaska, St. Basile, St. Léonard 49-50 buildings schedule: St. Francis 51-57 buildings schedule: St. Basile 58 buildings schedule: St. Léonard 59 buildings schedule: Madawaska 60 manufacturing schedule: St-Léonard
708. New Brunswick census agriculture schedule 1871: St. Basil (St-Basile). Transcribe census data.
pp.1-11 public buildings, property ownership, transport, and agricultural machinery data 12-22 forest products data
709. New Brunswick census agricultural schedule 1871: St. Francis, N.B. (St-Francois). Transcribed census data.
16 AUG. 1994: materials still to be received
710. New Brunswick census agricultural schedule 1871: St. Léonard. Transcribed agriculture, livestock data, and recapitulation of agriculture data.
pp. 1-7 public and private property data (District 2) 8-14 agricultural data (District 1) 15-23 agricultural data (District 2) 24-30 livestock and animal products data (District 1) 31-39 livestock and animal products data (District 2) 40 manufacturing data (District 1) 41 manufacturing data (district ?) 42 Recapitulation of agricultural data: Grand Falls, St-Léonard, St-Basile, St-Francis, and Madawaska 711. New Brunswick census agriculture schedule 1871: Madawaska. Transcribe census data.
65
pp. 1-15 agricultural data 16-30 livestock data
712. MacLaughlan, J.A. “Report of the Commissioners of Affairs at Madawaska, 1834.” Photocopy of J.A. MacLaughlan’s “Report of the Commissioners of Affairs at Madawaska, 1834, “Papers of the Legislative Assembly relating to the Settlement of Madawaska, Public Archives of New Brunswick. (4 photocopies per original page)
SERIES 6: TRAVELLERS’ ACCOUNTS (folder 713-728) Excerpts from and notes concerning accounts, letters, and petitions by travelers to or residents of the Upper St. John Valley during the period 1790-1878.
Arranged chronologically.
713. Holland, Park. “Life and Diary.” [excerpt] Typescript excerpt from Park Holland’s Life and Diary, unpublished manuscript, Bangor Historical Society, and hand-drawn map illustrating Holland’s principal surveys.
714. Bouchette, Joseph. Description topograchique de la province du Bas Canada… [excerpt] Excerpt from Joseph Bouchette’s Description topograchique de la province du Bas Canada, avec des remarques sur le Haut Canada et sur les relations des deux provinces avec les États Unis de l’Amérique. London: W. Faden, 1815.
715. “Le journal des visites pastorales… “[excerpt]” Excerpt from “Le journal des visites pastorales de Mgr. Joseph-Octave Plessis (Evêque de Québec) en Acadie 1811, 1812, 1815, “Société historique Acadienne: les cahiers vol. 11 ( March, June, September 1980).
716 Fisher, Peter. History of New Brunswick…[excerpt] Excerpt from Peter Fisher’s History of New Brunswick, as Originally Published in 1825, with a few Explantatory Notes, St. John, N.B.: New Brunswick Historical Society, 1921.
717. “St. John’s Settlement.” Typescript of article “St. John’s Settlement”, the New Brunswick Courier, February 18, 1826.
718. Bouchette, Joseph. The British Dominions in North America…[excerpt] Excerpts from Joseph Bouchette’s The British Dominions in North America, or A
66 Topograghical and Statistical Description of the Provinces of Lower and Upper Canada, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, the Islands of Newfounland, Prince Edward, and Cape Breton Island, and a Topographical Dictionary of Lower Canada, London: H. Colburn and R. Bently, 831; related notes by Professor Craig from this volume.
719. Ward, Edmund. An Account of the River St. John, with its tributary rivers and lakes. [excerpt] Excerpt from Edmund Ward’s An Account of the River St. John, with its Tributary rivers and lakes, 2nd ed. Fredericton, N.B. : [s.n.], 1841 [i.e. 1842] (Sentinel Office).
720. Gesner, Abraham. New Brunswick: With Notes from Emigrants…[excerpt] Excerpt from Abraham Gesner’s New Brunswick: With Notes from Emigrants: Comprehending the Early History, An Account of the Indians, Settlement, Topography, Statistics, Commerce, Timber, Manufactures, Agriculture, Fisheries, Geology, Natural History, Social and Political State, Immigrants, and Contemplated Railways of that Province, London: Simmonds & Ward, 1847.
721. Wier, James Finley. Notes on North America. [excerpt] Excerpt from James Finley Wier Johnston’s Notes on North America, Edinburg and London: W. Blackwood, W. Blackwood, 1851.
722. Notes and quotations taken by Béatrice Craig from Charles Hallock’s “Aroostook & Madawaska.” Notes and quotations taken by Béatrice Craig from Charles Hallock’s article, “Aroostook & Madawaska.” Harper’s Magazine 27 (1863): 688.
723 Notes and quotations taken by Béatrice Craig from Edward Henry Elwell’s Aroostook… Notes and quotations taken by Béatrice Craig from Edward Henry Elwell’s Aroostook: with Some Account of the Excursions Thither of the Editors of Maine, in the Years 1858 and 1878, and of the Colony of Swedes, Settled in the Town of New Sweden. Portland: The Transcript Printing Company, 1878.
724. Sprague, John Francis. The North Eastern Boundary Controversy and the Aroostook War. [excerpt] Excerpt from John Francis Sprague’s The North Eastern Boundary Controversy and the Aroostook War, Dover Me.: The Observer Press [ca. 1910].
725. Notes taken by Béatrice Craig from National Archives of Canada documents
67 concerning the St. John Valley ca. 1785-1842. Manuscript notes and typed notes from Public Archives of Canada documents (petitions, correspondence) concerning the Saint John Valley for the period ca. 1785-1842.
SERIES 7: BEATRICE CRAIG PRESENTATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS (folders 726- 748) Unpublished and published works by Professor Craig. Arranged chronologically.
726 “The Franco-Americans of the Saint John Valley.” M.A. thesis written by Béatrice Craig, Université de Lille III, 1975.
727. “The Church and the Madawaska Settlers: Attitudes Towards Religion and Religious Institutions in a French Speaking Frontier Settlement.” Unpublished article by Béatrice Craig, University of Maine at Orono, 1982
728 “Familles et ménages au Madawaska (New Brunswick), 1785-1850,” Data collected by Béatrice Craig for “Family and Household in the St. John Valley French Population, 1785-1900,” co-authored with M. H. Sorg, report to the Maine State Museum for the exhibition “Chez Nous, the St. John Valley,” funded by the Maine Humanities Council and the National Endowment for the Humanities, 1982.
729. “Patterns of Infant Mortality in the Upper St. John Valley French Population: 1791- 1838.” Journal article by Béatrice C. Craig and Marcella Sorg, in Human Biology 55:1 (February 1983), 101-113.
730. “Kinship and Migrations to the Upper St. John Valley (Maine-New Brunswick).” Journal article by Béatrice Craig, in Quebec Studies 1 (spring 1983), pp. 151- 164.
731. “When Two Cultures Meet: French Canadians and Yankees on the Maine Frontier.” Paper by Béatrice Craig presented to the Society for the Historians of the Early American Republic, Bentley College, Waltham, Mass., July 1983; also presented at Statehood Symposium, in Portland, Maine, December 1983.
732. “Beginning of the Madawaska and Aroostook Settlements, 1783-1840.” Paper by Béatrice Craig presented “as part of the Maine Statehood program, Fort Kent, 1983.”
733. “Un journal frontalier et ses lecteurs américains pendant la Grande Dépression: Le
68 Madawaska,” Book article by Béatrice Chevalier Craig, in Le journalisme de langue francais Aux États-Unis, pp. 117-127. Edited by Claire Quintal. Worcester, Mass.: Collège de l’Assomption et Conseil de la vei francaise en Améique, 1983.
734. “Family, Kinship and Community Formation on the Canadian-American border: Madawaska 1785-1842.” Ph. D. thesis in history by Béatrice Chevalier Craig. Orono: University of Maine at Orono, 1983.
This item has been bound and shelved in the Archives reference book shelves: F27.S30 CF 1983
735. “The Place of the Elderly in Rural North American: Two nineteeth century examples From Maine.” Paper by Béatrice Craig, presented to the Canadians Historical Association Guelph, Ontario, 11-13 June 1984.
736. “Économie, société et migrations: Le cas de la Vallée du Saint-Jean au 19e siècle.” Book article by Béatrice Chevalier Craig, in L’émigrant acadien vers les États- Unis, pp. 120-133. Edited by Claire Quintal. Worcester, Mass.: Collège de l’Assomption et Conseil de la vie francaise en Amérique, 1984.
737. “Early French Migrations to Northern Maine, 1785-1850.” Journal article by Béatrice Chevalier Craig, in Maine Historical Society Quarterly 25 (Spring 1986), pp. 230-247.
738. “Immigrants in a Frontier Community: Madawaska 1785-1850.” Journal article by Béatrice Craig, in Histoire sociale- Social History 19:38 (novembre-November 1986), pp. 277-297.
739. “Agriculture and the Lumberman’s Frontier in the Upper St. John Valley, 1800-70.” Journal article by Béatrice Craig, in Journal of Forest History 32 (July 1988), pp. 125-137.
740 “Pour une approche comparative de l’étude des sociétés rurales nord-américaines.” Book article by Béatrice Craig, in Histoire sociale- Social History 23:46 (novembre-November 1990), pp. 249-270. Reprinted in New England – New France. Edited by Peter Benes. Boston: Boston University, in press 1992.
741. “La femme face à la transmission des patrimonies au XIXe siécle: Droit, coutume et Pratiques.” Paper by Béatrice Craig presented to the Colloque d’Histoire compare France-
Québec, Annecy, Juin 1991. Reprinted in Transmettre, hériter, succéder: La
69 Reproduction familiale en milieu rural France-Québec, XVIIIe-XXe siècles. Edited by Rolande Bonnain, Gérard Bouchard, and Joseph Goy. Lyon: Presses de l’Université de Lyon, [1992].
742. “La transmission des patrimonies fonciers dans le Haut-Saint-Jean au XIXe siècle.” Journal article by Béatrice Craig, in Revue d’histoire de l’Amérique française 45:2 (automne 1991), pp. 207-228.
743. “Des sources à l’histoire: Anglo Saxons, Acadiens et Canadiens français.” Textbook article by Béatrice Craig, in Histoire des États-Unis, pour 12e année Du secondaire/Ontario, pp. 114-117. Montral: Lidec, 1992.
744. “Agriculture in a Pioneer Region: The Upper St. John Valley in the first half of the nineteenth century.” Paper by Béatrice Craig presented to the Atlantic Canada Workshop, Carleton University, August 1992. Reprinted in Farm, Factory, and Fortune: New Studies in the Economic History of the Maritime Provinces. Edited by Kris Inwood. Fredericton: Acadiensis Press, 1993.
745. “Land Transmission Practice among Nineteenth-Century Northern Maine French Canadians.” Article by Béatrice Craig, in New England – New France, Edited by Peter Benes. Boston: Boston University, in Press 1992.
746. “The Market and the Northeast Farmers before 1870: New methods and their Problems.” [restricted use] Paper by Béatrice Craig presented to the Conference on the Rural Economy And the Beginnings of Industrialization: The Dynamics of Change in North America, France and England, Université de Montréal, 28-29 February 1992.
Not to be quoted without permission.
747. “Le développement agricole dans la haute vallée du St-Jean en 1860.” Paper by Béatrice Craig presented to the Canadian Historical Association, Charlottetown, June 1992. Reprinted under the title “Le développement Agricole dans la haute vallée de la rivière Saint-Jean en 1860” in Journal of the Canadian Historical Association, New Series 3 (1992): 13-26.
748. “Report on French Canadian Property Transmission Practices for the law firm of Rosenberg, Saul, Lambert Shankam and Chadwick.” Commissioned research report by Béatrice Craig for the law firm of Rosenberg, Saul, Lambert Shankam and Chadwick (Markham, Ontario).
70 SERIES 8: ELECTONIC DATA GUIDES AND PRINTS-OUTS (folders 749-750) Codebook, print-out of electronic file. Arranged by topic.
749. Craig, Béatrice. Codebooks for computerized statistical analyses of data from four reports on the St. John Valley dated 1831-1848. Codebooks for Professor Craig’s computerized database derived from four reports: 1) “Dean and Kavanagh Report, 1831” ; 2) “MacLaughlan Report 1833” (J. A. MacLaughlan’s “Report of the Commissioners of Affairs at Madawaska, 1834”); 3) “Land Agent Report, 1845”; and 4) “Land Agent Report, 1848”
750. Craig, Béatrice. “U.S. Land Agent Report, 1844, Alphabetized.” Alphabetized printout of data from 1844 U.S. Land Agent Report, produced by Béatrice Craig. Printout dated January 1, 1980.
SERIES 9: MISCIELLANEOUS MATERIALS (folder 751-753) Materials created by Craig and a paper by Martine Côté. Arranged by topic.
751 “The Upper Saint John Valley Settlement, 1794-1870.” Map by Béatrice Craig used in several of her publications.
752. Blank entry forms of property transfer and family reconstitution data.
753. “L’exploitation des forêts publiques sur la côté-du-sud, 1830-1900: Un exemple de la perméabilité de la frontier canado-américaine.” Paper by Martine Côté presented to the Congrès de l’Institut d’histoire d’Amérique française, 25, October 1991.
SERIES 10: DISKETTES (items 754-761) Electronic files of archival and census data [restricted], bibliographies, and texts.
Diskettes 1-4 in original order; 5-8 in order of receipt.
754. Computer Diskettes One.[restricted until 1 January 2003] Electronic data entered by Béatrice Craig: analysis and sorting of information from archival documents and census schedules for the period 1825-1861. 6 files:
1. DESCRIPT. Explanatory notes on files in diskette #1.
2. COFF25.DAT Report of U.S. land agent Coffin in 1825, listing the landholders of the St. John Valley.
71 3. DKRPT31.DAT John G. Deane and Edward Kavanagh report to the government of the State of Maine in 1831.
4. 2MADAWASKA.DAT Report sent by James MacLaughlan, then warden of the disputed territory of New Brunswick, to the Governor in Fredericton in December of 1833.
5. MADALPHA.DAT Same document as 2MADAWASKA.DAT, sorted by alphabetical order.
6. STLUCE1 Tabulation of the tithes paid by the various households in the future parish of Ste-Luce, Maine in 1841.
755. Computer Diskette Two. [restricted until 1 January 2003] Electronic data entered by Béatrice Craig: analysis and sorting of information from archival documents and census schedules for the period 1825-1861. 5 files:
1. DESCRIPT. Explanatory notes on files in diskette #2.
2. MACLAU.DAT New Brunswick land agent James MacLaughin’s report of 1848, concerning his issuing land grants to Madawaska settlers.
3. LANDREP.DAT Same document as MACLAU.DAT, sorted by alphabetical order.
4. USLDAG44.DAT Report of the U.S. land agents who issued deeds to Madawaska settlers in 1845.
5. US44ALPH Same documents as USDAG44.DAT, sorted by alphabetical order.
756. Computer Diskette Three. [restricted until 1 January 2003] Electronic data entered by Béatrice Craig: analysis and sorting of information from archival documents and census schedules for the period 1825-1861. 5 files: 1. DESCRIPT. Explanatory notes on files in diskette #3.
2. HANCOCK.DAT 1850 U.S. census for Hancock plantation [an early name for Fort Kent]. 38,799 bites, created 07-17-88.
3. MADPAR.1 1861 New Brunswick census for the parish of Madawaska.
4. MADPAR.2 1861 New Brunswick census for the parish of Madawaska. 5. MADPLANT.DAT 1850 U.S. census for Madawaska plantation. 757. Computer Diskette Four. [restricted until 1 January 2003] Electronic data entered by Béatrice Craig: analysis and sorting of information
72 from archival documents and census schedules for the period 1825-1861. 2 files:
1. DESCRIPT. Explanatory notes on files in diskette #4.
2. AGRIFILE The 1860 agricultural census (raw data, unverified and uncleaned).
758. Computer Diskette Five. [restricted until 1 January 2003] Electronic data entered by Béatrice Craig: analysis and sorting of information from archival documents and census schedules for the period 1825-1861. 2 files:
1. USCENSUS.60 U.S. census 1860 population schedules data for the St. John Valley, organized by township, listing last names, first names of heads of households and their spouses.
2. CENSUS60.ALP U.S. 1860 and New Brunswick 1861 census population schedule data for the St. John Valley, combined and alphabetized by the last name of husband. Approximately one third of the names have been partially linked to Dr. Craig’s family reconstitutions via an identification number (when available) or name of the father and marriage date.
759. Computer Diskette Six. [resticted until 1 January 2003] Electronic data entered by Béatrice Craig: analysis and sorting of information from archival documents and census schedules for the period 1825-1861. 1 file:
1. NBCENSUS.61 New Brunswick census 1861 population schedule data for the St. John Valley, organized by parish, listing last names, first names of heads of households and their spouses.
760. Computer Diskette Seven. Electronic version of two bibliographies created by Béatrice Craig. 2 files:
1. BIBLIO “Bibliographies for the Study of Northeastern Rural Society in the Eighteenth and Nineteenth Century.”
2. FOREST Bibliography for the study of forest industry in northeastern North America.
761. Computer Diskette Eight. Electronic version of text by Béatrice Craig on agriculture and markets in the
73 Madawaska Settlement, 1799-1850. 1 file:
1. FTKENT Agriculture et marché au Madawaska, 1799-1850.
74 The following notes provide background information which may help the researcher understand and make better use of the materials in this collection. They include information gathered from Professor Craig during conversations and correspondence, as well as independent research by Archives director Lisa Ornstein.
SERIES 1: PROPERTY TRANSFER RECONSTITUTIONS. (folders 1-346)
General Information. The data in these files covers the period from 1785-1870. They show when and how much property was acquired over and individual’s lifetime, when and how it was transferred, to whom, etc.
Data Sources. Professor Craig gathered data about property transfer from a number of registries. The source for U.S. data was the Aroostook County Registry of Deeds in Fort Kent, Me. (1846+). The sources for Canadian data were the Registry Offices in York County (1785-1834), Carleton County (1832-1850), Victoria County (1850-1873), and Madawaska County (1873+).
Problems. There are problems in attempting an accurate reconstruction of property transfer in the Upper St. John Valley during the period 1785-1870. Prior to the establishment of a Registry of Deeds in Fort Kent, registrring deeds involved long and costly travel, and it would appear that many of early settlers either delayed or forewent formally recording these transactions. Throughout the period 1785-1870, the average delay in the recording of a land transaction was three years. Often, the property owners simply waited to record until they were about to sell their land.
Another problem is the accurate indentification of lots. Lots are not consistently identified over time. Consequently, about 10% of the transactions cannot be accurately identified.
Definitions for Data Entry Categories. (provided by Dr. Craig 15 august 1994) arrival : applies to immigrant whose date of entry is known rank in family : birth order lot # : lot number which appears in the ded. “DK” is a reference to the Deane and Kavanaugh report; “SB” used in conjunction with “DK” refers to “south bank;” “NB” refers to “north bank.” Craig assigned her own lot numbers for the Deane and Kavanaugh report lots, follwing the listings and order of the original report: south bank, American section of north bank, south bank till the end, north bank from the falls back to the American settlement. location : location which appears in the deed (normally the parish of township, but occasionally idiosyncratic) date acquired : date given in the deed how : refers to the land registry records (e.g., N.B.). Craig does not remember the significance of the number (either created by her or a reference to the registry book entry). S = sale; M = either maintenance or mortgage.
75 size : size given in the deed price : price given in the deed. In New Brunswick, payment was in pounds, shillings, and pence; in the U. S., payment was in dollars. After 1850, New Brunswickers used the “Halifax pound” which was worth approximately $4.00 U.S.. After 1854, New Brunswickers used either Halifax pounds or Canadian dollars, which were fixed at par with U.S. dollars.
Improvements/ : disregard heading; contains general remarks Productivity census valuation : disregard heading; contains general remarks date alienated : date which appears in the deed when property was sold, given, exchange, lost, seized, etc. to whom : acquire of the piece of land
SERIES 3: FAMILY RECONSTITUTION DATA. (folder 355-684)
General Information. The family reconstitution files identify all families who married, had children, were born, or died in the St. John Valley from 1792-1850.
Data Sources. Dr. Craig gathered her data from parish registers kept by the Catholic church for The 1792-1855 period. The registers cover the parishes of St. Basile, New Brunswick (1792-1857), St. Bruno, Maine (1838-55), and Ste-Luce, Maine (1842-58). Craig gathered additional data from census records, when available, for the following historical periods: Maine and New Brunswick (1790-1850), St-Basile and Ste-Luce parishes (1850-55). No data was collected from St. Bruno parish after 1850; data for some outlying parishes extends beyond 1850.
Family Identification Numbers. Dr. Craig assigned a five-digit identification number to each family couple. The first digit provides the following information: “1” = husband and wife never in Madawaska “2” = husband and wife both born and married outside Madawaska “3” = husband and wife born in Madawaska, married at Madawaska “4” = one spouse born in Madawaska, other born outside Madawaska, married in Madawaska “5” = husband and wife born and married in Madawaska
Each child receives a seven-digit identification number. The first five digits are the family couple identification number for their parents. The last two digits give the approximate birth order.
76 SERIES 4: DEMOGRAPHIC DATA SUB-SETS. (folder 685-687) General information -Upper St. John Valley Families Presents Before 1800. This file contains all families mentioned in the parishes registers before 1800. Professor Craig refers to these families as “original families”, occasionally abbreviated as “OF.”
-Demographically Complete Families (Upper St. John Valley 1785-1840). A demographically complete family is one in which the wife and husband both survive until wife is past the childbearing age of 45 years.
-Demographically Complete Families (Upper St. John Valley 1785-1840). A demographically incomplete family is one in which the wife dies before the age of 45 years.
SERIES 5: CENSUS DATA. (folder 688-712)
General Information. The first nominal population census (a census which names the inhabitants of each household) for the Upper St. John Valley was done in 1850. The first regional agricultural censuses were conducted in 1850 (United States) and 1861 (New Brunswick).
United States Census.
1850: This census divided the region into three plantations: Madawaska, Hancock, and Van Buren. Since only those farms valued at $300 or more were included in the 1850 Agriculture schedule, the 1850 census cannot be considered complete.
1860: In 1860, small discrepancies between census data in agricultural and population Schedules for Grand Isle, Madawaska, and Van Buren. These discrepancies occurred as a results of people on the border between townships occasionally being listed as residents of the neighboring township in one of the two schedules.
1860: population schedule: In order to save time and space, Dr. Craig listed by name only heads of family, providing summary listings for the number, age, and sex of children.
1870 population schedule: In order to save time and space, Dr. Craig listed by name only heads of family, providing summary listings for the number, age, and sex of children.
New Brunswick Census.
In 1861 and 1871, the geographical region now known as Madawaska County was divided into four civil parishes: Madawaska, St. Francis (St.-François), St. Basil (St-Basile), and St. Léonard (St-Léonard). St-Léonard was further sub-divided into section 1 and section 2.
Prior to Canadian Confederation in 1867, New Brunswick census takers used “NAT” to describe natives of the province of New Brunswick, and “CAN” to describe natives of
77 Quebec or Ontario.
1861 population schedule: Dr. Craig listed by name only heads of family for St. Léonard and Madawaska, providing summary listings for the number, age, and sex of children. She lists names of both parents and children for St-Basile and St-François.
1871: Professor Craig listed by name only heads of family for the population census of 1871, with the exception of St-Basile, which is a complete transcription of schedules 1-6 and 9. She omitted schedule 3 data except for St-Basile and listed schedules 5 and 6 on the same page. She omitted schedules 7 and 8 as the census takers collected no local data for these areas of production.
Census takers established nine schedules each New Brunswick census division:
1 - Dénombrement des vivants. 2 - Dénombrement des morts. 3 - Etablissement publics, propriétés fonciéres, voitures, instruments d’agriculture. 4 - Terres cultivées, produits des champs, plantes et fruits. 5 - Animaux, produits animaux, étoffes de ménages et fourrures. 6 - Produits des forêts. 7 - Pêche 8 - Mines et carriers. 9 - Industries.
J. A. MacLaughlan Report. A copy of J. A. MacLaughlan’s “Report of the Commissioners of Affairs at Madawaska, 1834” (based on an agriculture survey taken the preceding year) completes the series. J. A. MacLaughlan, a veteran of the War of 1812, was appointed as British “Warden of the Disputed Territory” ca. 1828-29. His job was to keep watch over the Madawaska Settlement and to prevent timber depredations. When, in 1833, the crops failed in the Madawaska district, the inhabitants petitioned Fredericton for relief. Before taking action, the New Brunswick government requested a report from MacLaughlan, who had lived in the area for several years, and was likely to be well-informed about local conditions. His report consists of a census of all local families, naming heads of household, indicating numbers of people living with them, listing all the stock owned, how much they had sowed in the spring, how much they had harvested, quality of crops, and average harvest for the past few years. MacLaughlan wrote his report in 1833 and deposited it with the government the following year.
SERIES 6: TRAVELLERS’ ACCOUNTS. (folders 713-725)
General Information. These materials are mostly notes about and excerpts from accounts written by visitors to the Upper St. John Valley ca. 1790-1880. For your interest, the Archives staff has prepared biographical sketches of the authors.
Joseph Bouchette (1774-1841). Surveyor and militia and natal officer; b. in Quebec City; d. in Montréal. Bouchette qualified as a surveyor in 1792, but he chose to enlist in the Provincial Marine. In 1804, he was officially appointed Surveyor General. In 1814, Bouchette presented to
78 the House of Assembly his project to produce a large-scale map of Lower Canada accompanied by a topographical dictionary. This work, Description topographical de la province du Bas Canada…, was published in London in 1815. It was the first synthesis of information about the geography of Lower Canada. From 1826-1829, Bouchette collected data of another book, The British Dominions in North America …, which was published in two volumes in 1832. [Source: Dictionary of Canadian Biography. Toronto: University of Toronto Press. 1966- ]
Edward Henry Elwell (1825-1890), journalist and regional historian. In the fall of 1858, he joined a group of editors of the major papers in the state of Maine who traveled to the northern part of the state to promote the area and encourage immigration. Ellwell relied upon the editor of the Maine Evangelist for his comments on Madawaska in Aroostook: with Some Account of the Excursions Thither of the Editors of Maine, in the Years 1858 and 1878, and of the Colony of Swedes, Settled in the Town of New Sweden, Elwell also produced several books about the Portland area and collaborated on a history of Maine.
Peter Fisher (1782-1848), merchant and historian; b. in Staten Island, N.Y.; d. in Fredericton, N.B. Peter Fisher is removed as “the first historian of New Brunswick.” His two summary accounts of provincial life signaled the beginning of an indigenous literary tradition. The work of a son of a loyalist soldier and farmer, his sketches are particularly notable for the insights they allow into the values and aspirations of a second-generation, rank-and-file loyalist settler. His first known work, Sketches of New Brunswick; containing an account of the first settlement of the province, with a brief description of the country, climate, productions &c., was published anonymously “By an Inhabitant of the Province” in 1825. His Sketches was the first comprehensive report on the Province by a permanent resident.
Abrahan Gesner (1797-1864), physician and surgeon, geologist, and inventor; b. in Cornwallis Township, N.S.; d. in Halifax, N.S. Inventor of kerosene, an ardent geologist, and a physician, Gesner never achieved finacial success but his accomplishments were many and varied. As provincial geologist, he undertook geologist surveys in New Brunswick from 1839-1843. His NewBrunswick: With Notes for Emigrants…appeared in 1847. [Source: Dictionary of Canadian Biography. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1966- ]
Charles Hallock (1834-1917); b. New York d. 1917; journalist, author, and naturalist. Son of journalist Gerard Hallock, Charles Hallock worked as editor and reporter for several eastern newspapers and nature magazines, and wrote a family genealogy, accounts of travels to Alaska, sportsman’s guides, and nature books. His article “Aroostook & Madawaska” appeared in Harper’s Magazine in 1863. [Source: The New Century Cyclopedia of Names, New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts, Inc., n.d.]
Park Holland (1752-1841); revolutionary soldier, Maine surveyor. In 1793, Holland surveyed lands in northern Maine for millionaire speculator and later U.S. senator William Bingham.
James Finley Wier Johnston (1796-1855), chemist, geologist, agronomist, historian. Johnston wrote a number of works, including historical surveys, science textbooks, and studies of agriculture techniques. His Notes on Northern America, first published in 1851, surveys the agriculture, economic, and social histories of North America.
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Mgr. Joseph-Octave Plesis (1763-1825), priest of the Roman Catholic Church, archbishop, politician, and author, b. in Montréal; d. in Quebec City. During Plessis` tenure as bishop, his diocese encompassed lower Canada and the Maritimes. His was concerned with the ungovernable size of his diocese and for the Catholics outside of Lower Canada. In 1811, 1812, and 1815 he visited the Catholics of the Maritimes, assessing the religious situation there, preaching, and organizing religious life. In a journal he kept notes on the region’s geography, history, demography, and economics activities. [Source: Dictionary of Canadian Biography. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1966- ]
John Francis Sprague (1848-1926); lawyer, publisher and editor; b. Sangerville, Me. 1848, d. 1926. Sprague wrote several Maine regional historical monographs. He include extensive documentary citations in his book, The North Eastern Boundary Controversy and the Aroostook War, from which Dr. Craig excerpted testimony from the 1828 trial of John Baker.
Edmund Ward (1787-1853), printer, newspaperman, author, office holder, and publisher’s agent; b. 1787 in Halifax; d. 1853 in Hamilton, Bermuda. The son of a Connecticut loyalist, Ward was a parliamentary reporter and an advocate of temperance and other social improvements and wrote in a direct, simple journalistic style. In 1840, Ward was appointed assistant emigrant agent for New Brunswick through his friendship with the lieutenant governor, Sir John Harvey, to whom he gratefully dedicated a pamphlet advocating the cultivation of the interior: An Account of the River St. John, with its tributary rivers and lakes, first published in Fredericton in 1841. [Source: Dictionary of Canadian Biography. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1966- ]
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