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Colombia Adventure Tour for Women
COLOMBIA Whitewater, Fine Foods, and Antiquities October 12 - 22, 2018 adventurewomen 14 mount auburn street, watertown ma 02472 t: (617) 544-9393 t: (800) 804-8686 www.adventurewomen.com 1 COLOMBIA Whitewater, Fine Foods, and Antiquities October 12 - 22, 2018 TRIP HIGHLIGHTS ` Photograph monkeys, butterflies, orchids, cloud forests, birds, birds, and more birds ` View almost 34,000 gold artifacts preserved from the past ` Get outdoors and get active with mountain biking, hiking, and white-water river rafting (Class II and III, beginners welcome!) ` Tour a family-owned coffee plantation and taste fresh Colombian coffee ` Enjoy feasting on sumptuous Latin American specialties and local cuisine QUICK VIEW ITINERARY Day 1: Arrive Bogotá, welcome dinner Day 2: Walk through the Candelaria, visit the Gold Museum, drive to Villa de Leyva Day 3: Hike in the cloud forest of Iguaque National Park, cooking class Day 4: Visit a fossil museum, drive to Barichara, bike into town for sunset drinks Day 5: Hike the royal road of Guane, hands-on traditional wall-building workshop Day 6: Hiking and whitewater rafting in the Chicamocha canyon Day 7: Walk through a coffee plantation, sample coffees, fly to Tayrona National Park Day 8: Hike to the Pueblito Chairama stone city, enjoy stunning beaches Day 9: Drive to Cartagena, take a street food tour of the city Day 10: Visit San Felipe fortress, explore the gastronomy of Cartagena, farewell dinner Day 11: Depart for the US TRIP PRICE Main Trip: $4,590 Optional Single Accommodations: $800 Internal Air: $240 adventurewomen 14 mount auburn street, watertown ma 02472 t: (617) 544-9393 t: (800) 804-8686 www.adventurewomen.com 2 COLOMBIA Whitewater, Fine Foods, and Antiquities October 12 - 22, 2018 is this trip We rate this trip as moderate. -
Fair Trade Adventures
Peru · Costa Rica · Colombia Enriching small group tours to unique destinations INDEX 7 Peru 12 DAYS | DEPARTS APRIL 22nd 11 Costa Rica 12 DAYS | DEPARTS MAY 14th 15 Colombia 12 DAYS | DEPARTS AUG 20th 19 Northern Peru 14 DAYS | DEPARTS SEPT 16th From coffee and chocolate to wine and clothes, fair trade products are now ubiquitous on any given high street. Although incredibly diverse, what all these products represent is a commitment to paying fair prices for raw materials and supporting the producers and their communities. Therefore, we are now thrilled to welcome Set-up by pioneering fair trade company you to Fair Trade Adventures: personal, Cafedirect, CPF works closely with a network experience-rich and rewarding travel of 38 fair trade farming cooperatives across experiences that have a positive impact Latin America and Africa. Smallholder farmers on destinations. Fair Trade Adventures are produce nearly 70% of the world’s food supply brought to you by Cafédirect Producers’ but they face numerous challenges, such as Foundation (CPF) in collaboration with climate change and pests, which can seriously Sumak Travel, a UK based social enterprise threaten their livelihoods. CPF is led by the specialising in Latin American ecotourism. needs of the 280,000 smallholders in their network and helps them develop These Fair Trade Adventures offer them to implement sustainable, innovative ways to combat these authentic, affordable and exciting long-lasting solutions to the challenges. holidays to discerning travellers – problems they face. small group tours that also have The community-based approach a positive impact on the local Furthermore, 10% of the price championed by Sumak Travel communities and the environment. -
Gletscherzauber in Den Anden Bis Zur „Verlorenen Stadt“
Alle Infos zu dieser Reise finden Sie hier GLETSCHERZAUBER IN DEN ANDEN BIS ZUR „VERLORENEN STADT“ Ort: Kolumbien Reisedauer: 21 Tage Teilnehmerzahl: 6 - 12 Schwierigkeit: Mittel Reiseart: Tierbeobachtungsreisen, Gruppenreise Trekking, Mountainbiking und karibischer Reiseausklang Kolumbien ist echtes Abenteuer für aktive und naturbegeisterte Entdecker. Sie finden hier nicht nur Südamerikas größte Vielfalt an Vogelarten und paradiesische Strände an der karibischen Küste, sondern auch dichten Regenwald und schneebedeckte Berggipfel. Bei dieser Reise erkunden Sie diese verschiedenen Ökosysteme zu Fuß und per Fahrrad. Trekking im Nationalpark Cocuy und in die Ciudad Perdida Von Bogotá aus, der Hauptstadt in den Anden, besuchen Sie das malerische Villa de Leyva, ein Dorf im Kolonialstil. Bei einer ersten Wanderung durch tropische Hochgebirgsvegetation können Sie sich ideal für das anschließende 3-tägige Trekking durch die Sierra de Cocuy, eine der schönsten Gebirgsformationen der südamerikanischen Anden, akklimatisieren. Eine Páramo-Landschaft mit riesigen Frailejones (Schopfrosettenbäumchen), 1 / 8 Gletscherlagunen und schneebedeckte Gipfel erwarten Sie. Per Mountainbike fahren Sie durch beschauliche Dörfer bis in den Chicamocha- Canyon, mit 3000 m Kolumbiens tiefste Schlucht. Auf einer Kaffeehazienda erfahren Sie alles über das wahre Gold des Landes. Auf einem 5-tägigen Trekking erkunden Sie die Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, das höchste Küstengebirge der Welt: Der höchste Punkt (5775 m) liegt nur 50 km vom Meer entfernt. Nach zwei Tagen erreichen Sie die Ciudad Perdida, die „Verlorene Stadt“. Umgeben von üppigem Bergregenwald liegt sie auf 1200 m Höhe und zählt nach Machu Picchu zur größten präkolumbischen Stätte Südamerikas. Hier lebte das Volk der Tayrona, dessen Nachfahren, die Kogi-Indianer, heute noch die einzigen Bewohner des Gebirges sind. -
America's Highest Peak Now Measures 6962 Metres!
America’s highest peak now measures 6962 metres! At 6,962 Metres on Aconcagua in January 2001: Climber Gianpetro Verza has just mounted the terre- strial reflector signal to enable the classical terrestrial survey with tacheometres from the valley, and he has fixed on the top the Leica GPS 530 antenna. This configura- The highest mountain of The 7242 kilometre-long mountains are “growing” tion allowed at the same time mea- the Americas is only 38.17 Andes are the longest or "shrinking". From now on, surement in both technologies with meters short of seven mountain chain in the world. however, with technology high accuracy. Verza has put the thousand. The indications The Swiss Matthias and systems providing a Leica GPS530 terminal, the same on maps of the precise Zurbriggen was the first reproducible accuracy of a equipment as used on Kilimanjaro, elevation of America’s man to conquer Aconcagua few millimetres, it will be before him on the summit. highest peak, Mt Aconca- on 14 January 1897. In 2001 possible to precisely measu- gua, will have to be correc- it was with the most modern re the summits and record re-surveyed using the same ted and increased by two GPS measurement techno- their vertical and horizontal GPS equipment from Leica metres. This is the result of logy from Switzerland, that movements. Geosystems. an Italian-Argentinian the exact mountain height Scientific Expedition led by was re-determined. After Mt Everest and On Mt Everest, re-measured Geologist Giorgio Poretti. Mt Kilimanjaro now also in 1992 by an Italian- Previously -
The South American Indian As a Pioneer Alpinist
TI-lE SOUTH AMERICAN INDIAN AS A PIONEER ALPINIST 81 THE SOUTH AMERICAN INDIAN AS A PIONEER ALPINIST BY EVELIO ECHEVARRfA C. ECENTL Y it has become kno\vn that a number of very high Andean mountain tops had not only been ascended but also permanently occupied by the Indians, possibly as much as three centuries before de Saussure's ascent of Mont Blanc. They climbed peaks of up to 22,ooo ft., they constructed shelters on or near their tops, and they used the high places as watch-towers or as sacrificial shrines. Some authorities believe that this activity took place as early as the late four teenth century, though we cannot prove that some of it did not take place long after, possibly as late as the nineteenth century. These Indian accomplishments have been left unmentioned in practi cally all mountaineering history books. In this article, which may be the first to attempt a comprehensive survey,1 my purpose is to review briefly the location and the nature of each discovery. The area in which these Indian mountain ascents took place is what in physical geography is known as the Atacama desert (although this name is nowadays used in political and cultural geography for a much more restricted area). It is a treeless, sandy and volcanic waste-land seldom visited by mountaineers. It stretches from the neighbourhood of Arequipa, in Peru, as far south as Elqui in Chile; to the east it reaches the Andean slopes that face the jungles of Argentina and Bolivia, and to the west, the Pacific Ocean. -
The Aconcagua Expedition
The Aconcagua Expedition Steve took some time recently to talk with us about what we could expect of the Aconcagua Expedition. Six people form the Expedition Team, flying in from around the country. They’ll gather in Mendoza Argentina, altitude about 2,500 feet at the base of the Andes Mountains. It is summer in South America and the temps may reach 90 degrees on Friday. A nice break from the snows of Alaska! From there on Day 3, they will take a taxi (or several taxis to hold the Team and all their gear) to Puente del Inca, altitude 8,900 feet. In the Andes, it will be cooler, maybe reaching the 60’s during the day. At this point, the Team will be at an elevation above all major cities in the US (Denver is only 5,900 feet, and your commercial plane is pressurized to simulate about 7,000 feet; individual mountains in a number of states do have higher elevations). And this is where the climb really begins. They will be taking the “Normal” route. Day 4 is an uphill hike, with mules to carry their gear, up to Confluencia (11,000 feet). Days 4-6 will be spent in the climb and adjusting to the higher elevation. The camp is almost luxurious, as nearby villagers know climbers are avid customers of pizza and Internet. From here on, Team members will carry their own gear as they climb. Each person has approximately 120 pounds. They can carry about 60 lbs at a time. To handle this situation, they practice a routine that adheres to the mountaineer wisdom of "Climb high, sleep low". -
Where Does the Chilean Aconcagua River Come From? Use of Natural Tracers for Water Genesis Characterization in Glacial and Periglacial Environments
water Article Where Does the Chilean Aconcagua River Come from? Use of Natural Tracers for Water Genesis Characterization in Glacial and Periglacial Environments Sebastián Andrés Crespo 1,* ,Céline Lavergne 2,3 , Francisco Fernandoy 4 , Ariel A. Muñoz 1, Leandro Cara 5 and Simón Olfos-Vargas 1 1 Instituto de Geografía, Facultad de Ciencias del Mar y Geografía, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2362807, Chile; [email protected] (A.A.M.); [email protected] (S.O.-V.) 2 Laboratory of Aquatic Environmental Research, Centro de Estudios Avanzados, Universidad de Playa Ancha, Viña del Mar 2581782, Chile; [email protected] 3 HUB Ambiental UPLA, Universidad de Playa Ancha, Valparaíso 234000, Chile 4 Laboratorio de Análisis Isotópico (LAI), Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Andrés Bello, Viña del Mar 2531015, Chile; [email protected] 5 Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales (IANIGLA-CONICET), Mendoza 5500, Argentina; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 1 August 2020; Accepted: 12 September 2020; Published: 21 September 2020 Abstract: The Aconcagua river basin (Chile, 32 ◦S) has suffered the effects of the megadrought over the last decade. The severe snowfall deficiency drastically modified the water supply to the catchment headwaters. Despite the recognized snowmelt contribution to the basin, an unknown streamflow buffering effect is produced by glacial, periglacial and groundwater inputs, especially in dry periods. Hence, each type of water source was characterized and quantified for each season, through the combination of stable isotope and ionic analyses as natural water tracers. The δ18O and electric conductivity were identified as the key parameters for the differentiation of each water source. -
Frozen Mummies from Andean Mountaintop Shrines: Bioarchaeology and Ethnohistory of Inca Human Sacrifice
Hindawi Publishing Corporation BioMed Research International Volume 2015, Article ID 439428, 12 pages http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/439428 Review Article Frozen Mummies from Andean Mountaintop Shrines: Bioarchaeology and Ethnohistory of Inca Human Sacrifice Maria Constanza Ceruti Instituto de Investigaciones de Alta Montana,˜ Universidad Catolica´ de Salta, Campus Castanares,˜ 4400 Salta, Argentina Correspondence should be addressed to Maria Constanza Ceruti; [email protected] Received 22 December 2014; Accepted 5 April 2015 Academic Editor: Andreas G. Nerlich Copyright © 2015 Maria Constanza Ceruti. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. This study will focus on frozen mummies of sacrificial victims from mounts Llullaillaco (6739 m), Quehuar (6130 m), ElToro (6160 m), and the Aconcagua massif. These finds provide bioarchaeological data from mountaintop sites that has been recovered in scientifically controlled excavations in the northwest of Argentina, which was once part of the southern province of the Inca Empire. Numerous interdisciplinary studies have been conducted on the Llullaillaco mummies, including radiological evaluations by conventional X-rays and CT scans, which provided information about condition and pathology of the bones and internal organ, as well as dental studies oriented to the estimation of the ages of the three children at the time of death. Ancient DNA studies and hair analysis were also performed in cooperation with the George Mason University, the University of Bradford, and the Laboratory of Biological Anthropology at the University of Copenhagen. Ethnohistorical sources reveal interesting aspects related to the commemorative, expiatory, propitiatory, and dedicatory aspects of human sacrifice performed under Inca rule. -
Hauser Magalog | 2021/22 2021/22 | Hauser Magalog 5 Unser Leitbild
Neuanfang – oder die Frage nach dem Warum Die Welt mit jeder Reise einen Schritt besser machen. Unser Manifest Neuanfang – oder die Frage nach dem Warum … Neuanfang? Ist es berechtigt in dieser Zeit von einem Neuanfang zu sprechen? Ich meine Ja. Wir erleben gerade eine der schwersten Krisen der letzten Jahrzehnte, die mich und meine Firma zutiefst getroffen hat. Eine Krise stellt Fragen an uns, geht an unsere Substanz. Auf was haben wir unser Haus des Lebens gebaut? Hält unsere Vision, unser Lebensentwurf? Krise kommt vom griechischen Wort krynein, was soviel wie Ent- scheidungszeit bedeutet. Krisen sind Zeiten der Ent – Täuschung – wo haben wir uns getäuscht oder täuschen lassen? Krisen sind der ultimative „reality check“ unseres Lebens. Vielleicht ging es Ihnen ähnlich in dieser Zeit? Was hat die Krise zu Ihnen gesagt, welche Antworten haben Sie gefunden? Die Frage, die diese Krise an mich gestellt hat, war die „Warum-Frage“. Warum mache ich das, was ich mache? Warum gibt es Hauser? Warum arbeite ich im Tourismus, obwohl das nie mein Wunsch war? Einige Auswüchse der Tourismusindustrie waren mir schon früh suspekt, lehne ich auch heute noch ab und ich weiß, dass auch in unserem Kundenkreis viele diese Skepsis teilen. Ich wollte mit meiner Arbeit und meinem Leben die Welt besser machen. Mir war es immer wichtig einen Beitrag zu leisten, auch wenn das vielleicht naiv und pathe- tisch klingt. Aber die letzten Wochen haben mir gezeigt, dass dieses Bedürfnis zutiefst in mir steckt und mich stetig antreibt. Das war auch immer mein Wunsch mit Hauser Exkursionen. Wir als Team erleben gerade mehr denn je was uns antreibt und worauf es uns ankommt: Zusammenhalt, das Gespräch mit Ihnen, die Hoffnung in die Zukunft. -
The Foods and Crops of the Muisca: a Dietary Reconstruction of the Intermediate Chiefdoms of Bogotá (Bacatá) and Tunja (Hunza), Colombia
THE FOODS AND CROPS OF THE MUISCA: A DIETARY RECONSTRUCTION OF THE INTERMEDIATE CHIEFDOMS OF BOGOTÁ (BACATÁ) AND TUNJA (HUNZA), COLOMBIA by JORGE LUIS GARCIA B.A. University of Central Florida, 2005 A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in the Department of Anthropology in the College of Sciences at the University of Central Florida Orlando, Florida Spring Term 2012 Major Professor: Arlen F. Chase ABSTRACT The Muisca people of the Eastern Cordillera of Colombia had an exceptionally complex diet, which is the result of specific subsistence strategies, environmental advantages, and social restrictions. The distinct varieties of microclimates, caused by the sharp elevations in this part of the Andes, allows for a great biodiversity of plants and animals that was accessible to the native population. The crops of domesticated and adopted plants of the Muisca include a wide variety of tubers, cereals, fruits, and leaves that are described in detail in this thesis. The Muisca used an agricultural method known as microverticality where the different thermic floors are utilized to grow an impressive variety of species at various elevations and climates. This group also domesticated the guinea pig, controlled deer populations and possibly practiced pisiculture, patterns that are also described in this text. Some of the foods of the Muisca were restricted to specific social groups, such as the consumption of deer and maize by the chiefly classes and the consumption of roots and tubers by the lower class, hence the complexity of their dietary practices. The utensils utilized in the preparation and processing of foods, including ceramics and stone tools were once of extreme importance in the evolution of the Muisca diet and form an important part of this research as well as the culinary methods that are described in the Spanish chronicles and by contemporary experts. -
SEVEN SUMMITS Aspiration Becoming Accomplishment
WWW.MOUNTAINEERS.ORG MAY/JUNE 2012 • VOLUME 106 • NO. 3 MountaineerE X P L O R E • L E A R N • C O N S E R V E SEVEN SUMMITS Aspiration becoming accomplishment Inside: Overseas climbing tips, pg. 12 National Trails Day events, pg. 17 Lightweight, calorie-loaded foods, pg. 20 Photo contest 2012 inside May/June 2012 » Volume 106 » Number 3 12 Cllimbing Abroad 101 Enriching the community by helping people Planning your first climb abroad? Here are some tips explore, conserve, learn about, and enjoy the lands and waters of the Pacific Northwest. 14 Outdoors: healthy for the economy A glance at the value of recreation and preservation 12 17 There is a trail in need calling you Help out on National Trails Day at one of these events 18 When you can’t hike, get on a bike Some dry destinations for National Bike Month 21 Achieving the Seven Summits Two Olympia Mountaineers share their experiences 8 conservation currents New Alpine Lakes stewards: Weed Watchers 18 10 reachING OUT Great people, volunteers and partners bring success 16 MEMbERShIP matters A hearty thanks to you, our members 17 stepping UP Swapping paddles for trail maintenance tools 24 impact GIVING 21 Mountain Workshops working their magic with youth 32 branchING OUT News from The Mountaineers Branches 46 bOOkMARkS New Mountaineers release: The Seven Summits 47 last word Be ready to receive the gifts of the outdoors the Mountaineer uses . DIscoVER THE MOUntaINEERS If you are thinking of joining—or have joined and aren’t sure where to start—why not attend an information meeting? Check the Branching Out section of the magazine (page 32) for times and locations for each of our seven branches. -
Cordillera Central, Argentina
EVELIO ECHEVARRiA Cordillera Central, Argentina ive of the seven Andean countries have a 'Cordillera Central' but, Fcuriously, that of Argentina, by far the largest and the highest, is generally the least known of the five. It is commonly called 'the roof of America' since it contains 19 peaks between 6000m and the 6960m of Aconcagua, as well as some 600 or 700 other peaks between 4000m and 6000m. But to the average mountaineer, reasonably well versed in developments in inter national expeditionary and trekking activity, this particular Cordillera Central could at best evoke two or three names of mountains: Aconcagua, Tupungato and, perhaps, Mercedario. The hundreds of climbers who attempt Aconcagua every year, together with the ordinary trekkers who march along prescribed itineraries, do not seem to notice the world of lesser peaks in the neighbourhood of their destination, for there is no information readily available to draw attention to those other peaks. No monograph of such a vast area has been written and most of the existing information is stored in Argentinian mountaineeringjournals not readily available abroad. This contribution endeavours to offer a basic monograph, with the stated purpose of drawing attention away from the well-known trio of giants, Aconcagua, Tupungato and Mercedario. A succinct introduction, which appeared in a British Aconcagua guide book about the region surrounding the mountain, can be applied to the region as a whole: The area ... is quite civilized; transport is good and there is an established structure for mountain access. There are no "nasties" in the region, such as snakes, mosquitoes or wildcats.