DOCSLIB.ORG

Mapping the Business and Human Rights Landscape in Luxembourg

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Mapping the Business and Human Rights Landscape in Luxembourg MAPPING THE BUSINESS AND HUMAN RIGHTS LANDSCAPE IN LUXEMBOURG National Baseline Study October 2019 Author : Dr. Başak Bağlayan Table of Contents List of Acronyms INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................................... 7 METHODOLOGY AND LIMITATIONS ........................................................................ 9 METHODOLOGY ..................................................................................................... 9 LIMITATIONS ........................................................................................................ 11 KEY FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS ............................................................ 13 PILLARS I & III: STATE DUTY TO PROTECT AND REMEDY ........................................ 13 STATE DUTY: LAWS, POLICY AND REGULATION .................................................... 13 STATE BUSINESS NEXUS ....................................................................................... 22 ACCESS TO STATE-BASED REMEDY ....................................................................... 22 PILLARS II & III: BUSINESS RESPONSIBILITY TO RESPECT AND REMEDY ................. 26 HUMAN RIGHTS POLICY COMMITMENT ............................................................... 26 HUMAN RIGHTS DUE DILIGENCE .......................................................................... 27 REMEDIATION ...................................................................................................... 28 Acknowledgements Annex I: National Baseline Assessment Template Annex II: Business Survey on Corporate Responsibility to Respect Human Rights 3 List of Acronyms ABBL Assoxiation des Banques et Banquiers ACA Association des Compagnies d’Assurances et de Réassurances ALFI Association of the Luxembourg Fund Industry ASTM Action Solidarité Tiers Monde BHRRC Business and Human Rights Resource Centre BLEU Belgium-Luxembourg Economic Union CAA Commissariat aux Assurances CAD Commission d'accès aux documents CASS Conseil arbitral de la sécurité sociale CC Chambre de Commerce CCDH Commission consultative des Droits de l'Homme CET Centre for Equal Treatment CFR-EU Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union CLC Confédération Luxembourgeoise du Commerce CMCC Le Centre de Médiation Civile et Commerciale CNDP Commission Nationale pour la Protection des Données CoE Council of Europe CSSS Conseil supérieur de la sécurité sociale CSSF Commission de Surveillance du Secteur Financier CSOs Civil Society Organizations CSR Corporate Social Responsibility DIHR Danish Institute for Human Rights EBA Everything But Arms ECC Centre Européen des Consommateur ECHR European Convention on Human Rights ECtHR European Court on Human Rights EIA Environmental Impact Assessment EITI Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative 4 ESC European Social Charter EU European Union FEDIL Fédération des industriels luxembourgeois GDPR General Data Protection Regulation GRECO Council of Europe’s Group of States against Corruption GSP Generalised System of Preferences HORESCA Fédération Nationale des Hôteliers, Restaurateurs, et Cafetiers du Grand- Duché de Luxembourg ICAR International Corporate Accountability Roundtable ICCPR International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights ICESCR International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights ICocA International Code of Conduct for Private Security Service Providers Association ICT Information and Communication Technology ILO International Labour Organisation IMS Inspiring More Sustainability INAP Institut National de l'Administration Publique INDR Institut national pour le développement durable et la responsabilité sociale des entreprises ITM Inspection du travail et des mines LuxFLAG Luxembourg Finance Labeling Agency LuxSE Luxembourg Stock Exchange MAEE Ministère des Affaires Étrangères et Européennes NAP Ministère de la Culture NBA National Baseline Assessment NCP National Contact Point NCPC New code of Civil Procedure NGO Non-Governmental Organisation NHRI National Human Rights Institution NPSD National Action Plan for Sustainable Development 5 ODL Office du Ducroire OECD Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development OEIGWG The Open-ended Intergovernmental Working Group OGBL Confédération Syndicale Indépendante du Luxembourg OGP Open Government Partnership OHCHR Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights OLAI Luxembourg Reception and Integration Agency RBC Responsible business conduct SCAS Le service central d’assistance sociale SDGs Sustainable development goals SMEs Small and medium-sized enterprises SNCI Société Nationale de Crédit et d'Investissement in Luxembourg UDHR Universal Declaration of Human Rights UEL Union des Entreprises Luxembourgeoises ULC Union Luxembourgeoise des Consommateurs ULESS Union luxembourgeoise de l'économie sociale et solidaire UNGPs UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights UPR Universal Periodic Review UNWG UN Working Group on Business and Human Rights 6 Introduction The UN Human Rights Council unanimously adopted the UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights in June 2011.1 Since their adoption, the UNGPs have become the authoritative global reference for preventing and addressing adverse human rights impacts of business activity and have generated an unprecedented convergence of stakeholders around the specific and detailed Principles and their implementation.2 The UNGPs contain 31 principles, divided over three core pillars: Pillar I (GPs 1-10) clarifies the State duty to protect against human rights abuses by businesses through effective policies, legislation, regulation and adjudication. The UNGPs also stipulate that States should ensure that policies are coherent across departments and functions, and that their participation in multilateral institutions is aligned with their human rights obligations. States are required to exercise extra vigilance in the regulation of business in conflict-affected areas or when there is a State-business nexus. Pillar II (GPs 11-24), the corporate responsibility to respect human rights, requires businesses to adopt and embed a high-level policy commitment to respect human rights, develop and implement human rights due diligence processes and establish processes to remedy human rights harm that they have caused or contributed to. The corporate responsibility to respect human rights covers both direct and indirect impacts that are linked to the companies’ operations, products, and services or through their business relationships ‘even if they have not contributed to those impacts’ (GP 13). Pillar III (GPs 25-31), access to an effective remedy, emphasizes the need for greater access to judicial and non-judicial remedies for those affected by business-related human rights abuse. Businesses are also required to provide for or participate in effective mechanisms to identify and address grievances as early as possible before 1 Special Representative of the Secretary-General on the Issue of Human Rights and Transnational Corporations and Other Business Enterprises, Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights: Implementing the United Nations “Protect, Respect and Remedy” Framework, Annex, U.N. Doc. A/HRC/17/31 (Mar. 21, 2011) (by John Ruggie) [UNGPs]. 2 K Buhmann, ‘Business and human rights: Understanding the UN Guiding Principles from the perspective of transnational business governance interactions’ (2015) 6 Transnational Legal Theory 339, 415. 7 they escalate into human rights abuses. Three years after the adoption of the UNGPs, the UNHRC called on all Member States to develop national action plans (NAPs) to support the implementation of the UNGPs within their respective national contexts.3 This development followed similar requests to Member States made by the European Union in 20114 and 2012,5 and by the Council of Europe in 2014,6 among others.7 The UN Working Group on the issue of human rights and transitional corporations and other business enterprises (UNWG) also strongly encourages all states to develop, enact, and update NAPs on business and human rights. 8 To date, twenty-two States have developed and adopted NAPs to support the implementation of the UNGPs and twenty-three are in the process of developing one.9 The Government of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg developed its National Action Plan for the Implementation of the United Nation’s Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights (2018-2019) and adopted it on June 22nd 2018 (hereinafter ‘NAP’ or ‘NAP 2018-19’).10 In its current NAP, Luxembourg made several commitments under the heading of “A Joint Work Program”, which include commissioning a study that analyzes “[t]he existing situation and mapping of the potential negative impacts of business activities on human rights on one hand, and of existing efforts to prevent these risks or to mitigate their consequences on the other…”. The present Report has been prepared in furtherance of this commitment and assesses systematically the current level of implementation of the UNGPs in Luxembourg. The primary objectives of the Report are: (a) To identify and analyse gaps in legislation and policy that concern business and human rights; 3 Human Rights Council Res. 26/22, U.N. Doc. A/HRC/RES/26/22, at 2 (15 July 2014). 4 Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions: A Renewed EU Strategy 2011-14 for Corporate Social Responsibility, COM (2011) 681 final (October 25, 2011). 5 European
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Ence of Religious Liberty
    International Association for the Defence of Religious Liberty Conscience and Liberty Special Edition Volume I WORLDWIDE HUMAN RIGHTS AND RELIGIOUS LIBERTY A NEW EQUILIBRIUM OR NEW CHALLENGES Two anniversaries: 313-2013 - 1700 years since the Edict of Milan 1948-2013 - 65 years of the journal C & L Bern, Switzerland 2 INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR THE DEFENCE OF RELIGIOUS LIBERTY A non-governmental organisation granted with consultative status at the United Nations in Geneva, New York and Vienna, the European Parliament in Strasbourg and Brussels, the Council of Europe in Strasbourg, and the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe ADMINISTRATIVE HEADQUARTERS Schosshaldenstr. 17, CH 3006 Bern, Switzerland Tel. +41 (0) 31 359 15 31 - Fax +41 (0) 31 359 15 66 Email: [email protected] - [email protected] Website: www.aidlr.org Chair: Bruno VERTALLIER Secretary General: Liviu OLTEANU, lawyer, Observer Permanent Representative to the United Nations in Geneva, New York and Vienna, Permanent Representative to the EP in Strasbourg and Brussels, principle spokesperson at the COE in Strasbourg and at the OSCE. HONORARY COMMITTEE Chairperson: Mrs Mary ROBINSON, former United Nations High-Commissioner for Human Rights and former President of the Irish Republic; Ireland. MEMBERS Jean BAUBÉROT, university professor, honorary President of the Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes at the Sorbonne, France Beverly Bert BEACH, former Secretary General Emeritus of the International Religious Liberty Association, United States Francois BELLANGER, university professor, Switzerland Heiner BIELEFELDT, UN Special Rapporteur on Freedom of Religion and Belief, professor of human rights at the University of Erlangen Nuremberg, Germany Reinder BRUINSMA, writer, university professor, Netherlands Jaime CONTRERAS, university professor, Spain Alberto DE LA HERA, former Director General of Religious Affairs, Ministry of Justice, Spain Petru DUMITRIU, Ambassador and Permanent Delegate of the Council of Europe to the United Nations, Switzerland W.
    [Show full text]
  • Europe's Practice and the United Nations
    The European Journal of International Law Vol.15 no.5 © EJIL 2004; all rights reserved ........................................................................................... The Better Peoples of the United Nations? Europe’s Practice and the United Nations Bardo Fassbender* Abstract Are the Europeans indeed, as they think, the ‘better peoples’ of the United Nations? In this article, the author takes a closer look at this flattering European self-image by selecting a few issues of the general theme of ‘Europe’s practice and the UN’. Having recalled, in Section 2, Europe’s marginal role in the foundation of the UN at the end of World War II, and the fragmented existence of Europe in the Organization in the long period of the Cold War (Section 3), the article turns to its central subject – Europe’s compliance with the rules of the UN Charter. Here, in Section 4, matters which the author considers particularly important or characteristic are singled out, among them the prohibition of the use of force, the obligation of states to settle their disputes by peaceful means, the protection of human rights, and decolonization and economic cooperation with developing countries. In Section 5, the article reflects on the efforts of the EU Member States to coordinate their foreign and security policies with regard to, and in, the United Nations. In the sixth and last section, it seeks to explore the future place and role of Europe in the UN. In his conclusion, the author suggests that Europe has no choice but to remain loyal to the idea of a multilateral international system based on the fundamental rules of the UN Charter.
    [Show full text]
  • Community and Community
    Document ** The European Community and human rights sap (£ v. COMMISSION COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES The European Community and human rights by Christiane Duparc October 1992 Notice This publication is intended as a contribution to public debate on the Euro¬ pean Community and human rights. Its author is not a member of the Commis¬ sion's staff. The opinions expressed are her own and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Commission. Cataloguing data can be found at the end of this publication. Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, 1993 ISBN 92-826-5083-9 © ECSC-EEC-EAEC, Brussels · Luxembourg, 1993 Reproduction is authorized, except for commercial purposes, provided the source is acknowledged. Printed in Germany Contents INTRODUCTION - HUMAN RIGHTS: THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITY AND ITS INTERNATIONAL ENVIRONMENT December 1948: Universal Declaration of Human Rights by the United Nations November 1950: Council of Europe: European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms August 1975: Final Act of the Helsinki Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe HUMAN RIGHTS IN THE TREATIES ESTABLISHING THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES 11 Case-law of the Court of Justice of the European Communities 12 Human rights in the internal activities of the Community since 1987 14 Problems raised by accession to the European Convention 19 HUMAN RIGHTS IN THE EXTERNAL POLICY OF THE COMMUNITY 20 The European Community in international politics 20 Human rights in the Community's agreements with non- member countries 23 CONCLUSION: TOWARDS THE 21st CENTURY 25 ANNEX 27 Human rights and fundamental freedoms: Texts containing commitments made by the Community and its Member States and by the institutions 27 INTRODUCTION Human rights: the European Community and its international environment December 1948: Universal Declaration of Human Rights by the United Nations 26 June 1945 The Charter establishing the United Nations was signed in San Francisco by 51 States.
    [Show full text]
  • Civil Participation in Decision-Making Processes
    Strasbourg, May 2016 CIVIL PARTICIPATION IN DECISION-MAKING PROCESSES An Overview of Standards and Practices in Council of Europe Member States Prepared by the European Center for Not-for-profit Law (Ivana Rosenzweigova and Vanja Skoric, with the support of Hanna Asipovich) under the authority of Katerina Hadzi-Miceva, Executive Director For the European Committee on Democracy and Governance (CDDG) with a view to preparing guidelines on civil participation in Political decision-making processes TABLE OF CONTENTS I. INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................... 2 II. SCOPE AND PRINCIPLES OF CIVIL PARTICIPATION ................................. 3 1. Scope and definitions of civil participation ................................................................................ 3 2. Values and principles of civil participation ................................................................................ 6 III. THE ENABLING ENVIRONMENT AS PREREQUISITE FOR MEANINGFUL PARTICIPATION .......................................................................................................... 7 IV. STANDARDS FOR MEANINGFUL CIVIL PARTICIPATION ......................... 8 1. International level ....................................................................................................................... 9 2. Council of Europe ..................................................................................................................... 11 3. European Union .......................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • The Pioneer Research Journal
    The Pioneer Research Journal An International Collection of Undergraduate- Level Research Volume 2 2015 The Pioneer Research Journal An International Collection of Undergraduate-Level Research Contents Contributing Readers. iii Foreword. ix Selection Process. xi Effects of Aerobic Exercise on the Hippocampus (Neuroscience) . 1 Author: Hugo Taro Blázquez Yamagishi School: IES San Mateo – Madrid, Spain Pioneer Seminar: Understanding the Sense of Touch The Dynamics of Movie Selection: A Study of Social Contagion Using the Revised SI Model Based on Word of Mouth (Computer Science) . 37 Author: Xiangting Chen School: The Affiliated High School of South China Normal University – Guangzhou, China Pioneer Seminar: Networks: from Searching the World Wide Web to Slowing the Spread of Infectious Diseases Adolescent Decision Making: Neuroscientific Basis of Risk-Taking Behavior in the Developing Brain (Neuroscience) . 71 Author: You Jin Jung School: Korea International School – Seoul, South Korea Pioneer Seminar: The Socioemotional Brain and Decision Making The Effect of Diffraction Aperture Structure on Reciprocal Space (Physics). 103 Author: Eren Kafadar School: Robert College – Istanbul, Turkey Pioneer Seminar: Optical Diffraction Patterns v The Hidden Key to Success: How Saudi Arabia’s Economic Needs are Expanding Women's Rights (Culture Studies). 111 Author: Mae Kirkpatrick School: Hockerill Anglo-European College – Hertfordshire, United Kingdom Pioneer Seminar: Women’s Rights in the Middle East and South Asia Which Model is Feasible for Hong Kong? A Comparison among the Democracies in Britain, Mainland China, and Hong Kong (Political Science). 137 Author: Zhimin Lin School: The Affiliated High School of South China Normal University – Guangzhou, China Pioneer Seminar: Comparative Political Institutions of the World The Difference between Oversampling and Undersampling: The Proving of the Nyquist Sampling Theorem (Physics).
    [Show full text]
  • The European Council After Lisbon: a Review Article by Giacomo Delledonne
    ISSN: 2036-5438 The European Council after Lisbon: A review article by Giacomo Delledonne Perspectives on Federalism, Vol. 6, issue 3, 2014 Except where otherwise noted content on this site is licensed under a Creative Commons 2.5 Italy License E -126 Abstract This contribution deals with the role of the European Council in the institutional framework of the European Union, as it has been laid down by the Lisbon Treaty. It focuses on its rising influence, even beyond the wording of the Treaty, and the increasing criticism stimulated by this evolution. In reviewing the main relevant issues and critical viewpoints related to the European Council, some aspects are considered in depth: the increasing institutionalisation of the European Council and its critical position with regard to the management of the economic and financial crisis and to the ongoing process of “politicisation” of the Union. The discussion also considers comparative constitutional data and organic proposal of reform of the institutional architecture of the EU. Key-words European Council, President of the European Council, intergovernmentalism, politicisation of the European Union, comparative federalism Except where otherwise noted content on this site is licensed under a Creative Commons 2.5 Italy License E -127 1. Introduction This contribution deals with the role of the European Council in the institutional framework of the European Union, as it has been laid down by the Lisbon Treaty. It will consider its rising influence, even beyond the wording of the Treaty, and the increasing criticism stimulated by this evolution. In reviewing the main relevant issues and critical viewpoints related to the European Council, some aspects will be considered in depth: the increasing institutionalisation of the European Council and its critical position with regard to the management of the economic and financial crisis and to the ongoing process of “politicisation” of the Union.
    [Show full text]
  • The Independence of Media Regulatory Authorities in Europe European Audiovisual Observatory, Strasbourg 2019
    The independence of media regulatory authorities in Europe IRIS Special IRIS Special 2019-1 The independence of media regulatory authorities in Europe European Audiovisual Observatory, Strasbourg 2019 Director of publication – Susanne Nikoltchev, Executive Director Editorial supervision – Maja Cappello, Head of Department for legal information Editorial team – Francisco Javier Cabrera Blázquez, Sophie Valais, Legal Analysts Research assistant - Alexia Dubreu European Audiovisual Observatory Authors Kristina Irion with (in alphabetical order) Giacomo Delinavelli, Mariana Francese Coutinho, Ronan Ó Fathaigh, Tarik Jusić, Beata Klimkiewicz, Carles Llorens, Krisztina Rozgonyi, Sara Svensson, Tanja Kerševan Smokvina, Gijs van Til Translation France Courrèges, Nathalie Sturlèse, Erwin Rohwer, Roland Schmid, Ulrike Welsch Proofreading Anthony Mills, Philipppe Chesnel, Gianna Iacino Editorial assistant – Sabine Bouajaja Marketing – Nathalie Fundone, [email protected] Press and Public Relations – Alison Hindhaugh, [email protected] European Audiovisual Observatory Publisher Contributing Partner Institution European Audiovisual Observatory Institute for Information Law (IViR), University of 76, allée de la Robertsau Amsterdam F-67000 Strasbourg, France Nieuwe Achtergracht 166 Tél. : +33 (0)3 90 21 60 00 1018 WV Amsterdam, The Netherlands Fax : +33 (0)3 90 21 60 19 Tel: +31 (0) 20 525 3406 [email protected] Fax: +31 (0) 20 525 3033 www.obs.coe.int [email protected] www.ivir.nl Cover layout – ALTRAN, France Please quote this publication as: Cappello M. (ed.), The independence of media regulatory authorities in Europe, IRIS Special, European Audiovisual Observatory, Strasbourg, 2019 © European Audiovisual Observatory (Council of Europe), Strasbourg, September 2019 Opinions expressed in this publication are personal and do not necessarily represent the views of the European Audiovisual Observatory, its members or the Council of Europe.
    [Show full text]
  • Nyéléni Food Sovereignty Movement in Europe and Central Asia
    nyéléni EUROPE & CENTRAL ASIA MOREMORE farmersfarmers BETTERBETTER foodfood Why and how to put small-scale sustainable producers at the core of the new CAP March, 2019 nyéléni EUROPE & CENTRAL ASIA More farmers, better food Why and how to put small-scale sustainable producers at the core of the new CAP March, 2019 Writen by Chris Chancelor - independent researcher and writer on land rights and sustainable food systems For the Nyeleni Europe and Central Asia Platform for Food Sovereignty Photos by Vlad Dumitrescu Nyeleni Europe and Central Asia Platform for Food Sovereignty We are a political and social alliance of grassroots, community based movements and organizations, representing small-scale food producers: peasants/small farmers, pastoralists, indigenous peoples, small-scale fisher people, agriculture and food workers; and supporting constituencies, such as urban poor; rural and urban women’s and youth organisations; consumers, environmental, justice, solidarity, human rights organizations; community-based food movements, which politically respect the 6 principles of Food Sovereignty as agreed at the First Nyéléni Food Sovereignty Forum and sign up to the Nyéléni Europe Declaration from 2011. Organisations active in Nyéléni Food Sovereignty Movement in Europe and Central Asia: European Coordination Via Campesina (ECVC) World Forum of Fisher People (WFFP) URGENCI, Community Supported Agriculture Network Centre for Support of Indigenous peoples of the North (CSIPN) European Shepherds’ Network (ESN/WAMIP) Friends of the Earth Europe
    [Show full text]
  • Download Full Publication
    Michael Whine Europe’sUndertakings to Combat Antisemitism Introduction The primary role of governments is to protect their citizens from harm, and the role of intergovernmental organisations (IGOs) is to establish bindingand volun- tary agreements to ensurethe orderlyand peaceful interaction between states. Additionally, IGOs advise states on best practices in matters of strategic impor- tance and provide assistance whererequested. Putting aside the human rights and other conventions agreed on at the glob- al level by the United Nations, Ishall examine the role of European IGOs in com- bating antisemitism and assess their successes and limitations. Iwill do so by discussingthe decisions and programmes of the European Union (EU), the Or- ganization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE), the Council of Europe (CoE), and their agencies. Someofthe agreements focus on the wider issues of racism and hate crime,but in doing so they incorporate actionagainst antisem- itism; otheragreements have anarrower focus and are specificallylimited to an- tisemitism. Necessarilythis requires surveying progress at anational level, which is wherethe initiativesimpact Jewishcommunities. EU concerns over mounting racism and antisemitism werefirst signalled in the 1994 Resolution on Racism, Xenophobia and Antisemitism, and the 1995 Communication from the Commission on racism, xenophobia, and antisemitism which proposed that1997bedesignated as the European Year against Racism.¹ In these earlier years, no attempt was made to differentiatethe various harms, or to examine their specific natures,and they weretreated as awhole. Since 2003, Note: This essay hasits origins in M. Whine, “CanEuropean Agencies CombatAntisemitism Ef- fectively?” Israel Journal of Foreign Affairs 11, no. 3(2017): 371–81. Cf. European Parliament, Resolution of the European Parliament on Racism, Xenophobia and Anti-semitism (OJC323/154,20.11.1994), issued October 27,1994,http://www.europarl.europa.
    [Show full text]
  • Health First Europe Declaration for Patient Safety Working Document
    Health First Europe Declaration for Patient Safety Working Document December 2017 Table Definitions of Contents of concepts The following working document intends to give some background information about the 02 Table of contents 10 calls listed in the Declaration for Patient Safety, reporting EU-wide references and data. 02 Overview By using the term ‘patient safety’, the Decla- ration and its working document refer to “the reduction of risk of unnecessary harm asso- 02 Definitions of concepts ciated with healthcare to an acceptable min- imum; an ‘acceptable minimum’ refers to the collective notions of current knowledge, re- sources available and the context in which 03 The burden of patient harm care was delivered and weighed against the risk of non-treatment or alternative treatment.’’1 04 EU and Member States’ commitment The word ‘harm’ is defined as an “impairment of structure or function of the body and/or any deleterious effect arising therefrom, including 05 EU citizens’ perception and trust disease, injury, suffering, disability and death. Harm may be physical, social or psychological”2. A ‘patient’ is a person receiving healthcare, 05 Calls for actions such as medical intervention, procedure or diagnostic test. The term could also include patient’s relatives or other surrogates who 14 References are involved or affected by patient’s care.3 Last, ‘adverse event’ refers to an incident dur- ing care that results in patient harm, including: n Medication errors; n Healthcare-associated infections (some- times also referred to as
    [Show full text]
  • Download (114Kb)
    Robert Schuman The Convention on Europe and the Enlargement of the European Union -Luis Ritto Jean Monnet/Robert Schuman Paper Series Vol. 2 No.1 February 2003 The Jean Monnet/Robert Schuman Paper Series The Jean Monnet/Robert Schuman Paper Series is produced by the Jean Monnet Chair of the University of Miami, in cooperation with the Miami European Union Center. These monographic papers address issues relevant to the ongoing European Convention which will conclude in the Spring of 2003. The purpose of this Convention is to submit proposals for a new framework and process of restructuring the European Union. While the European Union has been successful in many areas of integration for over fifty years, the European Union must take more modern challenges and concerns into consideration in an effort to continue to meet its objectives at home and abroad. The main issues of this Convention are Europe’s role in the international community, the concerns of the European citizens, and the impending enlargement process. In order for efficiency and progress to prevail, the institutions and decision-making processes must be revamped without jeopardizing the founding principles of this organization. During the Convention proceedings, the Jean Monnet/Robert Schuman Papers will attempt to provide not only concrete information on current Convention issues but also analyze various aspects of and actors involved in this unprecedented event. The following is a list of tentative topics for this series: 1. The challenges of the Convention: the ability to govern a supranational Europe or the return to intergovernmental cooperation? 2. How will the member states figure in the framework of the Convention? 3.
    [Show full text]
  • Challenges of Multi-Tier Governance in the European Union. Effectiveness, Efficiency and Legitimacy
    Ah DIRECTORATE GENERAL FOR INTERNAL POLICIES POLICY DEPARTMENT C: CITIZENS' RIGHTS AND CONSTITUTIONAL AFFAIRS CONSTITUTIONAL AFFAIRS Challenges of multi-tier governance in the European Union Effectiveness, efficiency and legitimacy COMPENDIUM OF NOTES Abstract This compendium includes articles of a number of eminent experts invited by the Policy Department C to exchange with the Members of the Constitutional Affairs Committee of the European Parliament on the issues related to the challenges of the multi-tier governance in the EU. They aim at providing unique insights into the major questions of efficiency, effectiveness and legitimacy that the EU governance is currently facing. While dealing with the lessons from the past experiences of the differentiated integration, they put naturally a specific focus on current challenges with the respect to the Economic and Monetary union. They further analyse the impact of those developments on the European institutions and their decision-making processes and mechanisms of its legitimation. The compendium concludes with options for managing this increasing tension towards differentiation within the EU in the future. PE 474.438 EN This document was requested by the European Parliament's Committee on Constitutional Affairs. AUTHORS Ingolf Pernice Miguel Poiares Maduro Jean-Victor Louis Janis A. Emmanouilidis Bruno De Witte Renaud Dehousse Wolfgang Wessels Joseph. H. H. Weiler Mattias Kumm Andrea Manzella Gian Luigi Tosato Vivien A. Schmidt Iain Begg RESPONSIBLE ADMINISTRATOR Petr Novak Policy Department C - Citizens' Rights and Constitutional Affairs European Parliament B-1047 Brussels E-mail: [email protected] EDITORIAL ASSISTANT: Jana Ecerova LINGUISTIC VERSIONS Original: EN Executive Summary: FR ABOUT THE EDITOR To contact the Policy Department or to subscribe to its newsletter please write to: [email protected] Manuscript completed in March 2013.
    [Show full text]