Early History of North Dakota: Essential Outlines of American History
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236 EARLY HISTORY OF NORTH DAKOTA Charles Bottineau was a son of Pierre Bottineau and partner with Charles Grant, trader at St. Joseph. Charles Grant was a trader at Pembina, in 1850, and partner of Charles Bottineau at St. Joseph. John B. Bottineau of this family practiced law in Minneapolis many years and his daughter, Marie lyl. Baldwin, is a graduate of Geergetawn- College and in 1916 was employed in the Indian office at Washington. She was born in North Dakota and as a child roamed the prairies with her tribe. Antoine Gingras was an Indian trader at Pembina in 1850. He engaged later in farming and had sixty acres under cultivation when the Pembina Com- pany was organized, and was then the largest taxpayer in North Dakota. Reuben Lewis, brother of Meriwether Lewis, was a partner of the IMissouri River Fur Company, 1809; in charge in 181 1 of the Manuel Lisa Trading Post above the Gros Ventres villages. Peter Wilson came up the Missouri River in 1825. and later became the agent of the Mandan Indians. Francois Renville was employed by Norman W. Kittson at Pembina as mail carrier in 1832. Jean Pierre Sarpee was a member of the American Fur Company. His brother was an independent trader in 1832, at Fort Sarpee above Omaha. Peter Beauchamp, 1840, was a trader and Arikara interpreter at Fort Berthold for the American Fur Company at the Arikara villages and Fort Clark, trapping and hunting. Joseph Buckman was a trader and postmaster at Pembina in 186 1. He was a member of the Dakota Legislature, and died in 1862. Joseph Guigon at Fort Berthold, in the employ of the z\merican Fur Company. Joseph Gondreau, blacksmith at Fort Pierre, was in the employ of the Amer- ican Fur Company at Fort Clark. Charles Primeau, who was a clerk for the American Fur Company at Fort Union in 1831, had a brother who was killed by Indians at Apple Creek in 1832. He established a trading post above Fort Clark, which he sold to Hawley & Hubbell. Two years later that firm abandoned Fort Primeau and it was occu- pied by the American Fur Company, Gerard having charge of the post from 1857 to 1859. He was at Fort Berthold December 25, 1863, when that post was attacked by Two Bears' band of Sioux, as was also Charles Malnouri. who came there in i860. In 1869 Gerard became an independent fur trader, and in 1872 a government interpreter, and was with Reno's command at the time of the Custer massacre, June 25, 1876. Later he was engaged in trade at Mandan. David Pease was a partner with Hawley & Hubbell at Fort Berthold, and agent at the Crow Indian Agency. A. C. Hawley, of the Hawley & Hubbell Company, was deputy United States marshal in Northern Dakota in 1873. Charles Primeau was interpreter at Fort Yates and died in 1897. Jean B. Wilke was at St. Joseph in 1847. An afifray occurred at his place in 1861 between Sioux and Chippewa Indians, in which Several were killed. Joseph Fisher was a teacher in the Pembina district of Minnesota Territory in 1850..