Dr. Kenney’s PIE Chart

Theological Pluralism Inclusivism Exclusivism Paradigm View on Salvific* All major religions Although only one Full, complete, Truth lead to God and religion is uniquely ultimate salvation is salvation and are true, there is enough found in only one equally valid truth in other religion. approaches religions that allows them to be implicitly “incorporated” into the one true faith. Perspective on other Since all major Adherents of other One religion is religions religions are valid religions who uniquely and and equal practice the core supremely true and approaches to the virtues held in all others false. divine, those of common with those While some good another religion are of the one true and value might be embraced in spite of religion can be present in other their difference. viewed as religions, their Diversity is seen as “anonymous” system as a whole is healthy, normal, and members of the one toxic an opportunity for true faith all to learn from each other Proponents John Hick Zwingli; Barth; Fundamentalists Rahner; Pinnock

*Definition of salvific: that which brings wholeness, fullness, or salvation; in context, “salvific truth” gets the job done. The job that needs to be accomplished is reconciliation with or harmony with whatever one considers ultimate or divine.

Comment on Proponents: this chart is in need of expansion. There are numerous proponents of the three positions outlined that could be included here.

Comment on further developments to this chart: It would helpful if one could identify strengths and weaknesses to each position. This, then, would add an additional two rows to the chart.