Initial Environmental Examination
June 2007
People’s Republic of China: Hunan Flood Management Sector Project (Longhui County Non- core Subproject)
Prepared by Hunan Hydro and Power Design Institute for the Hunan Provincial Project Management Office and the Asian Development Bank.
This initial environmental examination is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. Your attention is directed to the “terms of use” section on ADB’s website.
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PEOPLE REPUBLIC OF CHINA
HUNAN FLOOD MANAGEMENT PROJECT
LONGHUI COUNTY SUBPROJECT INITIAL ENVIRONMENTAL EXAMINATION (IEE)
HUNAN HYDRO AND POWER DESIGN INSTITUTE
JUNE 2007
Hunan Flood Management Project Longhui County Subproject Initial Environmental Examination (IEE)
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. INTRODUCTION OF THE LONGHUI SUBPROJECT...... 1 1.1. PROJECT PROGRAM ...... 1 1.2. LOCATION ...... 1 1.3. DETAILED CONTENT...... 5 EMBANKMENT WORKS ...... 5 CULVERT GATE...... 5 DRAINAGE GATE ...... 5 MATERIAL YARD ...... 8 BUDGET ...... 8 IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULE...... 9 2. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT...... 10 2.1. PHYSICAL RESOURCES ...... 10 TOPOGRAPHY ...... 10 GEOLOGY AND SEISMOLOGY...... 10 CLIMATE...... 11 SURFACE WATER ...... 11 PRECIPITATION...... 13 UNDERGROUND WATER ...... 13 AIR AND NOISE...... 14 2.2. ECOLOGICAL RESOURCES...... 15 VEGETATION...... 15 TERRESTRIAL AND AQUATIC WILDLIFE...... 16 FISHERIES ...... 16 RARE OR ENDANGERED SPECIES...... 16 PROTECTED AREA ...... 16 2.3. SOCIOECONOMIC CONDITIONS...... 16 DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE...... 16 ECONOMIC PROFILE...... 17 MINORITY PROFILE ...... 17 ARCHAEOLOGY, CULTURAL AND RECREATIONAL PROFILE ...... 18 3 SCREENING OF POTENTIAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION...... 19 3.1. APPROACH TO ENVIRONMENTAL SCREENING ...... 19 3.2. SITING...... 20 LAND ACQUISITION AND RESETTLEMENT...... 20 AGRICULTURE PRODUCTION ...... 20 ECOLOGICAL RESOURCES...... 21 HISTORICAL AND CULTURAL VALUES ...... 21 MINERAL RESOURCES...... 21 PUBLIC FACILITIES...... 22 3.3. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT AND COUNTERMEASURES DURING CONSTRUCTION PERIOD ...... 22 HYDROLOGY ...... 22 WATER QUALITY...... 22 FLORA...... 24 FAUNA...... 25 AIR...... 25 SOLID WASTE...... 26 SOUND ENVIRONMENT...... 29
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LOSS OF WATER AND SOIL...... 30 PUBLIC SAFETY...... 32 3.4. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT AND MITIGATION MEASURES IN THE OPERATION PERIOD ...... 33 HYDROLOGY ...... 33 WATER QUALITY...... 34 FLORA...... 34 AQUATIC LIFE ...... 34 AIR ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….34 TRAFFIC...... 35 PUBLIC SAFETY...... 35 4 PUBLIC CONSULTATION...... 44 4.1. PUBLIC CONSULTATION METHOD...... 44 4.2. PUBLIC CONSULTATION AND OPINIONS...... 44 4.3. TREATMENT OF PUBLIC OPINIONS CONSULTED...... 48 5. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT AND INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENT REQUIREMENTS ...... 49 5.1. EMP PURPOSE ...... 49 5.2. IMPLEMENTATION OF MITIGATIONS ...... 49 5.4. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING...... 52 AIR QUALITY MONITORING...... 52 NOISE MONITORING...... 52 WATER QUALITY MONITORING...... 52 5.5 CRITERIA FOR ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY AND POLLUTANTS DISCHARGE ...... 53 WATER QUALITY...... 53 AIR QUALITY...... 57 NOISE...... 57 SOLID WASTE...... 57 5.6. ENVIRONMENTAL SPECIFICATIONS FOR CONTRACTOR(S) ...... 58 5.7. INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS AND RESPONSIBILITIES ...... 62 PROJECT MANAGEMENT OFFICE/PMO...... 62 PROVINCIAL, MUNICIPAL AND COUNTRY ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION BUREAU S ...... 62 ENFORCEMENT MEASURES...... 63 5.8. CAPACITY BUILDING...... 63 5.9. BUDGET FOR EMP IMPLEMENTATION ...... 63 6 FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS...... 65 6.1. FINDINGS...... 65 6.2. RECOMMENDATIONS ...... 65 7 CONCLUSION...... 66
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LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS
ADB Asian Development Bank CCO Chief Compliance Officer EFI Environmental Field Inspector EIA Environmental Impact Assessment EMDP Ethnic Minority Development Plan EMP Environmental Management Plan EPB Environmental Protection Bureau ESD Environmental and Social Division FSR Feasibility Study Report GOC Government of China HEPB Hunan Environmental Protection Bureau HFMP Hunan Flood Management Project HHPDI Hunan Hydro and Power Design Institute HPDI Hydro and Power Design Institute HPG Hunan Provincial Government HPWR Hunan Water Resources Department IEE Initial Environmental Examination NGO Non-Government Organization PPMO Provincial Project Management Office PMO Project Management Office (Subproject level) RP Resettlement Plan SDPC State Development Planning Committee SEPA State Environmental Protection Administration SIEE Summary Initial Environmental Examination SPIA Social/Poverty Impact Assessment SS Suspended Solids TA Technical Assistance WB World Bank
Hunan Hydro and Power Design Institute, Ministry of Water Resources June 2007 Page III Asian Development Bank Hunan Flood Management Project Longhui County Initial Environmental Examination (IEE)
1. INTRODUCTION OF THE LONGHUI SUBPROJECT
1.1. Project Program
The Longhui County Urban Flood Control Subproject shall be composed by the items as follows: i) The protection area is divided into Chengbei protection circle and Chengnan protection circle. The flood control embankment to be built is 6.54km in total length, and the retaining wall to be built is 1.6km. ii) To newly build 5 culvert gates and 2 access sluices. iii) To newly build 3 waterlogging drainage pump stations with six 850kw pumps. iv) To establish flood control directing system and supply with necessary management facilities. The design protection capability of the flood control project is 20-year-occurrence, of which, the drainage works is designed to cope with the 10-year-occurrence flood. The Table 1-1 provides the key characteristics for the subproject.
TABLE 1-1：KEY CHARACTERISTICS OF LONGHUI COUNTY SUBPROJECT Key characteristics of the Subproject Unit Value Taken Newly-built length of embankment and dam km 6.54 Newly-built bank protection km 1.6 Structures Newly-built culvert gate No. 5 Newly-built access gate No. 2 Newly-built drainage pump station No./kW 6/850 Earth excavation 104m3 63.75 Earth filling 104m3 23.06 Works quantity Cement t 20215 Steel bar t 105.1 Sandy pebble 104m3 8.07 Permanent land occupation area ha 169.1 Social migration Demolished houses area m2 20259 Population moving person 906 Total investment 104 yuan 7678.4
1.2. Location
Longhui County Proper is situated on the south of Longhui County and at the bank of Nanshui River along the upper reaches of Zishui River with 2 flood protective areas: Chengbei and Chengnan Protective Area. For the Layout of Longhui County Proper, Subproject Flood Control Area, Flood Protective Area of the Project and Key Characteristics, please see Fig. 1-1 and 1-2.
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FIGURE 1-1：LONGHUI COUNTY PROPER LAYOUT AND CURRENT LANDUSE
Hunan Hydro and Power Design Institute, Ministry of Water Resources June 2007 Page 2 Asian Development Bank－T.A.No.4324－PRC Hunan Flood Management Project Longhui County Initial Environmental Examination (IEE)
Hunan Hydro and Power Design Institute, Ministry of Water Resources June 2007 Page 3 Asian Development Bank－T.A.No.4324－PRC Hunan Flood Management Project Longhui County Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) FIGURE 1-2：LONGHUI COUNTY FLOOD CONTROL PROJECT LAYOUT
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1.3. Detailed Content
1.3.1 Embankment Works
1.3.1.1. GEOGRAPHICAL CONDITIONS
The Longhui County Urban Flood Control Project is divided into 2 separate protective circles: Chengbei and Chengnan Protective Circle with the Nanshui River as the boundary. Chengbei Protective Circle is planned from Longhui No.1 bridge to Zixiayuan with an embankment length of 3.66129km, and Chengnan Protective Circle is planned from Longhui No.1 bridge to Qiliping bridge with an embankment length of 4.4875km. The flood control standard of embankment shall adopt 20-year-occurrence for the near period and 50-year-occurrence for the remote period and Grade 4 embankment works.
1.3.1.2. CONSTRUCTION METHOD
The project shall build 2 types of embankment: (i) Chengnan Protective Circle adopts earth embankment scheme; (ii) Chengbei Protective Circle adopts concrete flood control wall scheme.
1.3.2 Culvert Gate
Subject to total layout of waterlogging treatment project and self-drainage demands of drainage patches, 5 self-drainage culvert sluices are in necessity of buildup, 3 for Chengbei Area and 2 for Chengnan Area, respectively People’s Hospital, Waterworks, Zixiayuan, Ziyang City and Qiliping self-drainage gate. In order to manage conveniently, the locations of culvert sluices are fixed nearby of waterlogging drainage stations with low topography, concentrated conflux and smooth drainage (except Zixiayuan and Qiliping are not supporting the waterlogging drainage station).
1.3.3 Drainage Gate
In the project, Chengbei Protection Circle is divided into Waterworks, People’s Hospital and Zixiayuan drainage blocks, and Chengnan Protection Circle is divided into Ziyang City and Qiliping protection blocks. It is planned to set 2 electric drainage stations in Chengbei Area and 1 electric drainage station in Chengnan Area, respectively Waterworks, People’s Hospital and Ziyang City Waterlogging Drainage Station.
(i) Electrical drainage station of Waterworks lies in lowland nearby Water Supply Plant with central stake number of 1+930.69 and clay base as the foundation, the installed capacity of 2×185kw and the installed model of 1000QZ-100.
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(ii) Electrical drainage station of People’s Hospital lies in lowland nearby People’s Hospital with central stake number of 3+306.39 and clay base as the foundation, the installed capacity of 2×80kw and the installed model of 700QZ-100. (iii) Electrical drainage station of Ziyang City lies in lowland at the South Urban Area of the upstream of Longhui Bridge with central stake number of 2+121 and clay base as the foundation, the installed capacity of 2×160kw and the installed model of 1000QZ-100.
Hunan Hydro and Power Design Institute, Ministry of Water Resources June 2007 Page 6 Asian Development Bank－T.A.No.4324－PRC Hunan Flood Management Project Longhui County Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) TABLE 1-4：PROPOSED KEY CHARACTERISTICS OF DRAINAGE GATE
Designed Designed Soleplate Model of Water Gate Length Flood Control Stake Inlet Outlet Flow Elevation Parts of Model of Protective Location Water Water 3 Remark No. (m /s) Inlet Outlet W×H×D Water Gate Area Level Level Type (m) (m) (m) Gate (m) (m) galvanized box Casting Yard 2+700 314.27 317.7 0.9 313.995 313.84 1.2×1×0.4 31 PGZ1*1.5 reinforced culvert door box iron casting Zinan 3+000 313.92 317.27 1.03 313.370 313.220 1.0×1.5×1.4 30 PGZ1*1.5 culvert door box iron casting Niushi Bridge 3+650 313.08 315.91 0.27 312.83 312.71 1.25×1×0.4 24 PGZ1*1.5 culvert door Chengnan box iron casting Chunguang 5+550 307.8 313.08 2.15 308.77 308.6 1.5×1.2×0.4 34 PGZ1.5*1.5 culvert door Chuanguang box iron casting Pumping 5+877.5 308 312.69 3.16 307.41 307.16 2×2×0.4 25 PGZ2*2 culvert door Station Niushi Bridge box iron casting Pumping 3+863.7 312 315.63 3.42 310.72 310.6 2×2×0.4 24 PGZ2*2 culvert door Station galvanized box Gexin Village 2+350 316.5 319.73 4.31 314.032 313.312 2×2×0.4 93.2 PGZ2.5*2.5 reinforced culvert door box iron casting Yuejiayuan 0+900 315.6 321.594 1.35 316.57 316.4 1.2×1.2×0.4 34 PGZ1.2*1.2 Hongmiao culvert door Hongzhuan Electric box iron casting 2+228 314.1 319.71 1.75 315.065 314.9 1.2×1.2×0.4 33 PGZ1.2*1.2 Drainage culvert door Station City Electricity box iron casting 2+680 314.23 316.958 2.05 313.225 313.1 1×1.5×0.4 25 PGZ1*1.5 Supply Station culvert door Agricultural box iron casting 3+996 312 314.336 1.1 312.91 312.8 1×1×0.4 20 PGZ1*1 Trade Market culvert door Entry of Old Chengbei box iron casting Through-city 0+850 3180.823 4 313.803 313.713 2×2×0.4 5 PGZ2*2 Administrative culvert door River Protection Area Exit of open Through-city 3+750 312.5 314.541 4.78 310.5 310.5 3.8×5.0 PGZ4*4.5 3 type River open iron casting Yuchang 1+920 319.69 96.56 314.2 314.2 5×5.829 5.6 PGZ5.6*5.0 type door
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1.3.4 Material Yard
Of the needed natural building materials, block stones can be purchased from Changling Mount and Dazhong Mount Stone Borrow Yard, the earth material can be borrowed from Lijiashan and Naiyangshan, and sand pebble materials can directly purchased from the sand plant near the project area. All building materials are convenient in transportation with quality and quantity satisfying the demand of the project. For the characteristics table of the architectural materials yard, please see Table 1-5.
TABLE 1-5 CHARACTERISTICS OF MATERIAL YARD OF LONGHUI COUNTY URBAN FLOOD CONTROL PROJECT
Transportation Transportation Storage Material Source Description distance(km) method (10,000 m3) Lijiashan 3.0～7.0 8t truck 15.0 Even soil texture, good Earth quality and thin unless material Naiyangshan 4.0～6.0 8t truck 18.0 layer Changling Good quality, high Block 5.0～6.0 10t truck 3.5 productivity, easy Mout exploitation, and stone Dazhong convenient ～ Mount 4.0 6.0 10t truck 2.6 transportation Supply Sandy Nanshui River 3.0～5.0 10t truck according to Procurement gravel Sand Pit the need Shimen Cement 24 10t truck Procurement Cement Plant Urban Steel bar Materials Co., 5 10t truck Procurement Ltd. Urban Rolled Materials Co., 5 10t truck Procurement steel Ltd. Urban Timber Materials Co., 5 10t truck Procurement Ltd. Urban Oil Materials Co., 8 10t truck Procurement materials Ltd.
1.3.5 Budget The total static investment estimation for the project is RMB 76.43 million yuan, among which the foreign investment is USD 3.20 million.
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1.3.6 Implementation Schedule
The construction period for the main works of Longhui County Urban Flood Control Project is 4 years. According to the construction arrangement, the working person in the construction peak is 230person/d. The earthwork excavation intensity is 1097m3/d, earthwork filling intensity is 356m3/d, grouting stone placing intensity is 40m3/d and concrete casting intensity is 70m3/d.
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2. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT
2.1. Physical Resources
2.1.1. Topography
Longhui County is located at the transition zone of west edge of Hengshao rolling basin towards snow peak and mountainous region, whose topography rises from southeast to northwest in a form of step, and hence forms three landform areas. The south part is the hillock area with flat and wide topography and in a rolling form; the northwest is mountainous and plain area, with rolling mountains, peaks over peaks, and uprightly high peaks; the north part is mountainous area surrounded by high and steep mountains and peaks; the central part is the rolling hillock. In the county, the mountains areas account for 49.2%, the hills and hillocks account for 45%, and the plains account for 5.8%.
The urban area of Longshui County is located in the hillock area in the south, with the topography inclining to southeast from northwest, and hills and mountainous regions on both sides. The hillock’s top is round and low and presents a form of ridge, whose general elevation is 248.6 ~ 321.5m and relative cutting depth is 30~50m. The central part is river and valley, and Nanshui River passes through the urban area westward to eastward, with a zigzag riverbed. The side beach, core beach and eyot are mature, and the Terraces I on both banks present a dissymmetrical and scattered layout, and are higher than riverbed by 5~8 meter generally.
2.1.2. Geology and Seismology
The geotectonic part of urban area of Longhui County is classified to be the frontal arc exozone of Qiyang Mountain font structure. The major Tangshi ~ Baizhuqiao regional pressed wrested rupture in the NW direction passes through this area from the northwest cornet, with wide impact and further extension. As it is far away from the works of flood embankment, so no impact will be created on the embankment foundation. The terrane in this area is the monocline in a form of occurrence, with the strike of NE35~45O, trend of SE and obliquity of 42~55 O.
The urban area of Longhui County frequently suffered earthquake, with inferior seismic intensity. It was recorded that only one earthquake with Grade IV seismic intensity occurred. According to China Zoning Map of Acceleration at Seismic
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Peak and China Zoning Map of Characteristic Cycle of Seismic Response Spectrum GB18306-2001 with the scale of 1:4,000,000, the acceleration at seismic peak in the project area is less than 0.05g, the characteristic cycle of earthquake response spectrum is 0.35s, and the basic seismic intensity is less than Grade VI.
2.1.3 Climate
Located at the East Asian monsoon climate region, Longhui County enjoys moderate climate, sufficient precipitation, spring rain season in April, intermittent drizzles season from May to June, and hot and dry season from July to August.
The data kept by weather station in Longhui County indicate that the average annual temperature was 16.9℃, the average temperature in the coldest month (Jan.) was 5℃, the average temperature in hottest month (July) was 28.1℃, the lowest temperature was -11.3℃ (Jan. 30, 1977), the highest temperature was 39.1℃ (Sept. 1, 1963), the average annual sunlight was 1511h, the total annual radiation was 103.68 therm/m2, the frost-free period was 281 days, the average annual wind speed was 2.4m/s, and the average annual relative humidity was 82%.
2.1.4 Surface Water
2.1.4.1 HYDROLOGY AND FLOODING
Nanshui River is the primary river passing through the urban area of Longhui County.
Nanshui River, the trunk of Zishui River, originates from Huangmajie of Qingjie Mountain north of Chengbu County, passes Chengbu, Wugang and Dongkou, enters from Qiaojia Village in Nanyuemiao Township of Longhui County, and comes into Shaoyang County at Datianzhang Village in Beishan Township. The average width of river surface is 160m. Merging such branches as Chenshui River, Xiaojiang River, Baizhu River and Xianghua River in Longhui County, it covers a catchment of 6028km2 upstream of county seat, accounting for 85% of total river basin of Nanshui River. Nanshui River zigzag passes through the urban area of Longhui County.
Nanshui River enjoys sufficient and concentrated precipitation, and large and medium-sized reservoirs, such as Liuduzhai and Muguashan Reservoirs, were built at the branches of Zishui River in upstream urban area. As the scattered reservoirs with small storage capacity are reservoirs for irrigation, and no storage capacity is reserved for downstream cities, so they have weak capacity to control the urban flood. Currently, there are no facilities for flood control and waterlogging harnessing in urban area. Under the non-defence status, the flood will overflow the banks along the river, and consequently create great loss. Relying on the natural
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water system, the rain and wastewater in urban area are drained to Zishui River locally, and the standards for flood control and waterlogging harnessing in urban area are low in general.
Longhui County has suffered flood and waterlogging disasters for a long time. On June 10, 1996, the maximum precipitation in 24 hours reached 120.5mm, the submerged area throughout the county totaled 45000 hectare, the suffered population was 0.75 million, the collapsed houses amounted to 8560, the death toll was 118 persons, the grain yield was reduced by 0.24 million ton, and the direct economic loss reached CNY 0.289 billion.
2.1.4.2 WATER QUALITY
With its water intake located at the banks of Nanshui River close to county government building, Longhui Water Works supplies domestic water for urban residents. Based on the requirements specified in Function Zoning of Water Environment of Main Surface Water System in Hunan Province (DB43), the function zoning of Nanshui River area in urban area is given in Table 2-1. Table 2-1 Function Zoning of Nanshui River Area in Longhui County
No. Water Area Length(km) Function Zoning Standard
Tongpen Bridge to 1000m upstream of water Protective area for 1 3.5 III intake of county water works edible water source 1000m upstream to 200m downstream of county Protective area for 2 1.2 II water works edible water source Downstream of county water works to Tangyao 3 84.7 Water area for fishery III Village in Yuxi Township of Shaoyang City
The Environmental Monitoring Station in Longhui County set up a monitoring section along Nanshui River downstream of county people’s hospital, so as to monitor the water quality of Nanshui River all the year round. The monitoring section is located between water works and Tangyao Village in Yuxi Township in Shaoyang City, and the county monitoring station will monitor the water quality of Nanshui River at this section in January, May and September each year. The main monitoring items include water temperature, color, chroma, pH value, and conductivity, CODMn, BOD5, DO, SS and Volatilized Hydroxybenzene. A total of 27 water samples at this section have been obtained by Longhui County Monitoring Station in 2005, and monitoring results are given in the Table 2-2 and 2-3 respectively.
TABLE 2-2 STATISTICS OF MONITORING RESULTS OF WATER QUALITY OF NANSHUI RIVER IN LONGHUI COUNTY IN 2005
Chro BO Water COD SS Volatilized Conducti DO ma D Section Item temperat pH 5 mg/ Hydroxybenz vity mg/ (degre Mn mgl ure (℃) mg/L L ene ms/m L e) L Nanshui Sample 9 27 27 27 18 27 27 27 27 River No. Downstre Maximu 8.6 86. 9.1 25.8 10 3.71 1.93 0.005 20.5 am of m 6 5 3 county Minimu 7.9 6.1 7.3 10.4 5 1.26 0.78 0.002 17.5 people’s m 2 7 7
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hospital 22. 8.1 Average 20 10 --- 2.68 1.37 0.003 19.05 1 2 Supersc ------0 0 0 --- 0 --- 0 ale ratio Class III water quality 6 standard ------～ 6 4.0 --- 0.005 --- 5 GB3838-2002 9
TABLE 2-3 AVERAGES OF WATER QUALITY OF NANSHUI RIVER IN LONGHUI COUNTY DURING MONITORING PERIOD IN 2005
Water Chroma COD DO BOD Volatilized Conductivit Mont temperatur M SS (degree pH Mg/ Hydroxybenzen y h e n 5 Mg/L ) mg/L L Mg/L e ms/m (℃) 8.0 Jan. 10.6 5 3.11 9.49 1.84 6.33 0.003 19.64 3 8.0 45.4 May 23.6 10 2.17 7.37 0.90 0.0024 19.68 2 5 8.5 No 10.3 Sept. 25.8 10 2.75 7.49 0.0033 17.83 1 result 3
The statistics of monitoring results indicate that all normal monitoring indexes for water quality of Nanshui River in urban area comply with the requirements specified in GB3838-2002, and the current water quality is sound.
2.1.5 Precipitation The Environmental Monitoring Station in Longhui County set up a monitoring site for precipitation in residential area of county Environmental Protection Bureau. A total of 5 water samples have been obtained in 2005, and the results of pH value are shown in the table below:
TABLE 2-4 STATISTICS OF MONITORING RESULTS FOR PRECIPITATION IN LONGHUI COUNTY IN 2005
Date Type of Precipitation Amount of Precipitation PH value April 20 Rain 4 6.67
April 21 Rain 8 6.76
May 9 Rain 7.3 6.71
May 17 Rain 3.7 6.82
May 18 Rain 23.5 6.62 The above statistics indicate that the lowest pH value of precipitation in urban area is 6.62. Since the precipitation with its pH value lower than 5.6 is determined to be acid rain, so no acid rain has occurred in Longhui County yet.
2.1.6 Underground Water
With abundant underground water resources, Longhui County possesses the underground water of 0.36~0.48 billion m3 in reserves. There are many springs in the county, most of which are alkaline silicon water.
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The hydrological and geological conditions in urban area are principally the carbonatite fissure water of water-eroded cave and the river valley. The upper stratum of Quaternary System mainly consists of yellow clay, with weak water permeability. The lower stratum consists of mature limestone fissure and karst, with abundant embedded carbonatite fissure water of water-eroded cave. Directly supplied by atmospheric precipitation, the underground water is discharged to the river at the riverbed or banks, via short distance runoff.
2.1.7 Air and Noise The Environmental Monitoring Station in Longhui County set up a monitoring site (county people’s military department) for air in the central of county seat, which conducted four times of air monitoring in January, April, July and October in 2005 respectively, each lasting for five days. A total of 195 samples in 19 days have been obtained throughout the year, and the monitoring results are given in the Table 2-5.
TABLE 2-5 AVERAGE VALUE IN MONITORING PERIOD FOR AIR IN LONGHUI COUNTY IN 2005
3 3 3 Month TSP (mg/Nm )SO2(mg/Nm ) NOx (mg/Nm )
Jan. 0.38 0.099 0.040
April 0.17 0.113 0.043
July 0.08 0.03 0.016
Oct. 0.14 0.05 0.016
The statistics of monitoring results throughout the year are shown in Table 2-6:
TABLE 2-6 STATISTICS OF MONITORING RESULTS FOR AIR IN LONGHUI COUNTY IN 2005
3 3 3 Site Item TSP (mg/Nm ) SO2(mg/Nm ) NOx(mg/Nm )
Sample No. 65 65 65 Top floor of Maximum 0.75 0.408 0.159 county Minimum 0.03 0.017 0.008 military department Annual average 0.20 0.073 0.029 Superscale ratio (%) 20 0.2 2
Class II standard in GB3095-96 0.3 0.15 0.08
Mainly located in the residential area and commercial area, the project seat is classified to be Class II area in terms of function zoning of ambient air quality, whose air quality shall comply with Class II standard specified in Quality Standard for Ambient Air (GB3095-1996). Based on this standard, the superscale ratio of TSP in the urban area of Longhui County in 2005 was 20% and its maximum superscale
times was 1.5; the superscale ratio of SO2 was 0.2% and its the maximum superscale times was 2.2; and the superscale ratio of Nox was 2% and its maximum
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superscale times was 0.99. In terms of time period, the density of TSP in January is
thick, while that of SO2 and Nox in April is thick. Regarding the annual average, all
indexes such as TSP, SO2 and Nox can meet the corresponding standards.
Based on the monitoring taken by county Monitoring Station, the base value of daytime sound environment in urban area in Longhui County is 58dB, meeting the Class II standard specified in Noise Standard for Urban Environment (GB3096-93). In addition, the Monitoring Station in Longhui County set up 6 monitoring sites for noise and 2 observation sites for vehicle flowrate at the main trunk of Taohong Road (Middle) in the county seat in 2005, and conducted the test on traffic noise and the observation statistics of vehicle flowrate. The monitoring results are given in the table below:
Annual Report on Monitoring Results of Traffic Noises in Longhui County in 2005 Date Oct. 23 Oct. 24 Oct. 25 Site Daylight Night Daylight Night Daylight Night Environmental sanitation bureau 67.8 62.0 67.1 62.0 67.0 63.0 Forestry bureau 68.0 60.0 68.5 65.0 66.0 65.0 County committee 71.0 63.0 68.5 65.0 69.0 66.0 County government 74.7 69.1 72.6 67.8 72.4 70.0 Shenzaicha crossing 74.6 66.7 75.0 69.6 73.0 69.1 Materials bureau 71.6 65.4 72.6 67.4 70.4 65.0 Average sound level 72.03 65.41 71.63 66.77 70.36 67.05 Average vehicle flowrate 869 600 937 702 848 671 (vehicle/hour) Equivalent sound level 69.69
The statistics of test results indicate that the maximum daily average in daylight in urban area is 74.6dB(A), with superscale ratio of 54% at each monitoring site; the maximum daily average at night at each monitoring site is 70.0dB(A), with superscale ratio of 100%; the average sound level in daylight in three days is 71.46dB(A), exceeding the specified value; and that at night in three days is 66.84dB(A), exceeding the specified value. The noises nearby the traffic trunk exceeding the specified value are principally caused by large vehicle flowrate in urban area.
2.2. Ecological Resources
2.2.1 Vegetation
Longhui County possesses total lands of 4.281 million mu, including forestry land of 2.30 million mu and forest land of 2.087 million mu. Currently, the reserves of live stumpages total 5.14 million m3 and the forest coverage reaches 52.6%, so it is one of the key forest areas in Hunan Province.
Due to frequently human activities in the urban area of Longhui County, the urban area mainly possesses land for urban construction, with less forestry land and low vegetation coverage. The principal vegetations are camphor trees for landscape and other plants.
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2.2.2 Terrestrial and Aquatic Wildlife
Affected by human activities in project area for a long time, most of natural forest vegetations have been taken placed by artificial vegetation forest, and the quantity and species of wild animal resources in project impact area are very little. The existing animals on both banks of Nanshui River are principally the amphiphyte (such as frog) and other small animals (such as rodent), without any protective rare wild animals.
The food organisms in Zishui River area include phytoplankton, zooplankton, zoobenthos, hydrophilous fascicular plants and periphyton, among which the aquatic organisms are rich in species and biomass.
2.2.3 Fisheries
Nanshui River in Longshui County possesses rich fishes, most of which are such commercial fishes as black fish, grass fish, chub, bighead, carp, crucians, mud eel and loach. The local department of fishes introduced that no rare fishes have been found in the river section in project impact area.
2.2.4 Rare or Endangered Species
There is no report about rare or endangered animals and plants in project area.
2.2.5 Protected Area
The project area doesn’t cover any protected area, and no natural reserve nearby.
2.3. Socioeconomic Conditions
2.3.1 Demographic Profile
By the end of 2003, there were 304.4 thousand households with 1.1054 million persons in Longhui County, and the average population per households reached 3.63. Among the total population, 0.5835 million persons or 52.8% are male, and 47.2% are female. By the end of 2003, the agricultural population reached 1.0098 million, accounting for 91.35% of total, and the non-agricultural population reached 95.6 thousand, accounting for 8.65% of total population. In 2003, the natural growth rate of population in the whole county was 4.6%.
The urban area of Longhui County is located in Taohong Town that governs 35 village committees and 22 residential committees, with the total population of 98264 by the end of 2003. Among them, 51407 persons or 52.32% are male, and 46857 persons or 47.68% are female; the non-agricultural population was 47523, accounting for 48.36%, and the agricultural population was 50741, accounting for
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51.64%.
2.3.2 Economic Profile
With fertile soil, rich water resources and sufficient sunlight, Longhui County possesses favorable condition for agricultural production, and is reputed as one of the major agricultural counties in Hunan Province for a long time. Due to the reasonable guidance in recent years, the industrial structure has been obviously optimized, and various agricultural crops have established their reputation. For example, honeysuckle, agrimony lily, ginger, Baoqing cayenne and red peel garlic enjoy favorable market shares at home and abroad. In 2003, the added value of GDP in Longhui County was CNY 3.13433 billion (based on the price in 2003), up by 7.1% over last year, among which that from primary industry was CNY 990.92 million, up by 1.5% over last year. As the primary industry relied on crop farming, the added GDP from crop farming accounted for 53.4% of total value of primary industry. In addition, the forestry accounted for 3.5%, animal husbandry for 40.6% and fishery for 2.5%.
Longhui County is rich in mineral resources, the currently-determined minerals include coal, gold, Mn, calcspar, marble, rare earth, zircon and other main minerals, with their reserves ranking on top and huge potential for exploitation. Following rapid development of industry in recent years, a great number of industrial parks have been built, such as Shimen Industrial Park, Zixia Industrial Park, Zhangjialong Industrial Zone, Chengxi Development Area and Baili Economic Trade Area. The principal industrial sectors cover organic papermaking, synthetic ammonia, vegetable oil, raw coal and cement. In 2003, the whole county achieved the raw coal output of 64.9 thousand ton, the energy output of 96.42 million kwh, the cigarettes of 37.6 thousand cases, and the cement of 245.4 thousand ton. Moreover, the added value of GDP from secondary industry reached CNY 898.58 million.
Longhui County enjoys prosperous business, beautiful landscape and rich tourism resources. Furthermore, due to the further perfect of infrastructures of highways in recent years, the transportation service and tourism achieved great development. In 2003, the added value of GDP from tertiary industry in the whole county reached CNY 1.24483 billion.
In 2003, the added value of GDP in Longhui County reached CNY 3.13433 billion, including 31.6% from primary industry, 28.7% from secondary industry and 39.7% from tertiary industry. The tertiary industry possesses some advantages, while the secondary industry has the more potential for development.
2.3.3 Minority Profile
There are 24 nationalities in Longhui County, including Han, Hui, Miao, Dong,
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Zhuang and Man, among which Hui nationality and Yao nationally take a large proportion in ethnical minorities. In the early 1990’s, there were over 11200 persons of Hui nationality and over 6000 persons of Yao nationality in the county; while the population of other nationalities was quite small, with the major one not exceeding 300 persons. The autonomous townships of ethnic minorities have been founded in the county. For example, most of Hui people are residing in the Shanjie Huizu Township on the south, while partial Hui people are dispersedly residing in other townships with Han people together, with their livelihood customs close to Han people’s and of their features as well. The people of Yao nationality are residing in Yaozu Township nearby Huxing Mountain, and other minorities people prefer to live in groups, and distribute in the remote mountainous regions far away form the city.
Since most of ethnical minorities are residing in remote areas, there is seldom ethnical minority in urban area. Due to undeveloped infrastructures, relatively low production level, or other factors in habitat of ethnical minorities, the minority people have low income and poor livelihood.
2.3.4 Archaeology, Cultural and Recreational Profile
There is no special relic, cultural sits and recreational spot in project area under Longhui County Urban Flood Control Project.
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3 SCREENING OF POTENTIAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION
3.1. Approach to Environmental Screening
This chapter assesses potential environmental impacts associated with the proposed Subproject and recommends appropriate mitigation measures where necessary. Potential environmental impacts are analyzed by examining the impact of each stage of the Subproject implementation on the natural and human environment. Each component identified as having the potential for negative impacts is assessed in detail, including a review of potential impacts, recommendations for appropriate mitigation measures, recommendations for additional environmental analysis (if required), and analysis of residual impacts, if any.
The environmental screening is based on:
– a review of Government of China (GOC) publications, scientific literature, and previous technical and environmental impact studies;
– a review of available information on the Subproject design;
– consultation with local subproject Project Management Offices (PMOs), Environmental Protection Bureaus (EPBs) and other agencies;
– relevant guidelines and policies of the Asian Development Bank (see Section 2.2);
– study from TA social evaluation1
– field visits and surveys.
The result of the screening of potential environmental impacts is summarized in Table 3.1-1 and presented in detail in Sections 3.2 to 3.4.
1 Including the international expert, Zhu Youxuan, domestic expert, Wan Wanying and domestic expert of resettlement, Zhang Tao.
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3.2. Siting
3.2.1. Land Acquisition and Resettlement
3.2.1.1 POTENTIAL IMPACT
The impact of Longhui Urban Flood Control Project mainly involves Taohong town, based on the detailed impact investigation, the project permanent land occupation is 169.1 mu, thereinto, cultivated land of 113.6 mu (paddy field, 72.5 mu, commercial vegetable plot, 37.6 mu, and dry land, 3.5 mu), accounting for 67.2% of the total land area, the remaining 32.8% is garden plot, woodland, housing plot, and urban construction land. In addition, during the project construction period, the construction site and spoil area will occupy some land temporarily. In the project, houses to be demolished are 20259.13m2, and the project land occupation and house demolition will impact 170 households of 1013 persons totally.
3.2.1.2 RECOMMENDED MITIGATION MEASURES
Plan the resettlement scheme cautiously as well as carry out the compensation procedure strictly. The resettlement could be conducted by means of cultivated land adjustment, monetary compensation, the second and tertiary industry resettlement, and corresponding economic revenue recovery measures.
3.2.1.3 RESIDUAL IMPACT
The resettler will not adapt to changes of the living environment, and conflicts between resettlers and local residents will be caused probably.
3.2.2 Agriculture Production
3.2.1.4 POTENTIAL IMPACT
The permanent cultivated land occupation due to the project is 113.6 mu, thereinto, paddy field, 72.5 mu, commercial vegetable plot, 37.6mu, and dry land, 3.5 mu. The loss of these production materials will reduce revenues of affected farmers as well as debase living level of them.
3.2.1.5 RECOMMENDED MITIGATION MEASURES
The site for construction camp and auxiliary structures should be well selected, try to reduce occupation of agricultural land, compensate for losses of production materials justly, so as to satisfy affected farmers.
3.2.1.6 RESIDUAL IMPACT
No significant residual impact is predicted.
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3.2.3 Ecological Resources
3.2.1.7 POTENTIAL IMPACT
Inevitably, the project will erode local vegetation, animals, and aquatic lives, therefore, the local ecological system will change in a certain degree. While, as the project is located in the urban area or suburb, not belongs to the nature reserve, and no rare wild fauna and flora within it, thus, the impact is minor.
3.2.1.8 RECOMMENDED MITIGATION MEASURES
The detailed ecological resources of the construction area will be surveyed; the ecological factors will be taken into consideration when choosing the material yard and spoil area, so as to avoid sections with weak ecology or area with abundant ecological resources.
3.2.1.9 RESIDUAL IMPACT
No significant residual impact is predicted.
3.2.4 Historical and Cultural Values
3.2.1.10 OTENTIAL IMPACT
No important historical relics in the project area, the impact minor.
3.2.1.11 RECOMMENDED MITIGATION MEASURES
Solve it by means of consulting with tomb owners for compensation.
3.2.1.12 RESIDUAL IMPACT
No significant residual impact is predicted.
3.2.5 Mineral Resources
3.2.1.13 OTENTIAL IMPACT
As the project is the flood control embankment one, the main works area will not lead loss of mineral resources. As material yard and spoil area are the temporary land occupation area, though mineral resources exist under the ground, it will not impact the exploitation and utilization in the future.
3.2.1.14 RECOMMENDED MITIGATION MEASURES
Before project construction, the geological reconnaissance of all project areas should be conducted, and the engineering measures should be taken for the district with mineral resources within the project area for protection.
3.2.1.15 RESIDUAL IMPACT
No significant residual impact is predicted.
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3.2.6 Public Facilities
3.2.1.16 OTENTIAL IMPACT
The new construction and extension of the flood control embankment project will destroy the original public facilities. The project will impact the low pressure line of 14km, telephone line of 6.5km, CATV, 8km, 2 pumping stations, and 2 sand river yards. The damage to public facilities due to the project will bring inconvenience to the production and living of local crowds.
3.2.1.17 RECOMMENDED MITIGATION MEASURES
The relevant facilities will be treated by replacement and substitution schemes and other measures, and the caused economic losses will be compensated.
3.2.1.18 RESIDUAL IMPACT
After the impact public facilities are rebuilt, no significant residual impact is predicted.
3.3. Environmental Impact and Countermeasures during Construction
Period
3.3.1 Hydrology
3.3.1.1. POTENTIAL IMPACT
The project construction is mainly concentrated in the low season of Zishui River, the water level is considerably low. During the project construction, the cofferdam should be built for local river sections to protect construction of embankment banks, and the impact of the cofferdam on the hydrology of the riverway is minor.
3.3.2 Water Quality
3.3.1.2 POTENTIAL IMPACT
The wastewater from washing and curing of concrete project is mainly produced in the construction of the prefabrication yard of concrete material and sluice. By estimation, 1m3 concrete project will produce about 1m3 wastewater, the concrete placement is 70m3/d during the construction peak, the corresponding concrete production and curing wastewater is 0.70 million m3, SS discharge concentration of the wastewater is about 10000~15000mg/l generally, and the pH value of wastewater is about 11~12. As the construction wastewater is drained scatteredly, the drainage load of the sites in the project area is small. The wastewater will be drained into the ditches and channels near the construction site, and it will not impact the water quality of rivers directly.
The ground surface excavation, cofferdam, and other construction activities will disturb the bed mud greatly as well as increase SS concentration of river water
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extremely. In addition, as heavy metals in the bed mud enter into water, SS concentration of the water body of the lower reaches of the excavated river section will increase largely, and the max. concentration of heavy metals will also exceed standards. The water intake of Longhui County Waterworks is situated near the planned Longhui No.2 Bridge, as embankment construction is distributed at both banks, during the project construction, the water quality of the intake will be impacted by SS greatly.
Wastewater from construction personnel mainly consists of domestic sewage, and it will be calculated by 120 l/person/d. There are 230 construction workers during the project construction peak, the corresponding domestic sewage is 27.6t, and the main pollution factor of domestic sewage is COD, 300~400mg/L generally. If the sewage is directly discharged, its impact on the water quality of the riverway is adverse.
3.3.1.3 RECOMMENDED MITIGATION MEASURES
The construction wastewater treatment facilities should be established, debase SS concentration, adjust pH value, and the treated sewage should be drained into the lower reaches of the water intake of the waterworks via the urban networks.
The septic tank should be established to treat domestic sewage from the temporary living quarters of the construction workers, the sludge should be carried away periodically and the nuisance free treatment should be conducted, and after the domestic sewage has been treated by the septic tank it should be drained into the lower reaches of the water intake of the waterworks via the urban networks.
During the construction period, the river section of the upper reaches of the water intake of the waterworks is forbidden to discharge construction wastewater and domestic sewage directly, and the treated wastewater should be drained into the lower reaches of the water intake of the Chengdong waterworks. During the construction period, the waterworks should increase the input and enlarge the strength for water treatment. As during the construction peak, the water quality of the water intake of the waterworks will be impacted seriously, the water quality is hard to reach the demand, it is recommended to stop water intake. During the construction peak, the construction period should be limited, as the impact on the water intake of the riverway is minor during the non-construction period, the waterworks could take water during the non-construction period.
3.3.1.4 RESIDUAL IMPACT
After all prevention measures have reached the designated aim, the impact on the water quality of the waterworks will be minor. After the consolidated treatment, it could be supplied to the urban residents, while, during the construction peak, the water supply period of the waterworks will be restricted.
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3.3.3 Flora
3.3.1.5 POTENTIAL IMPACT
Due to embankment line arrangement and facility layout of counterpart projects, Longhui County Urban Flood Control Project will acquire the land of 169.1mu permanently, thereinto, the cultivated land is 113.6mu, housing plot is 48.3mu, and the urban construction land is 6.0mu. Within the area impacted by the project land occupation, the main ground vegetations on the cultivated land are various cereal and economic crops, and the main ground vegetations on the housing plot are waste grassplot.
The project temporary land occupation includes the spoil area, soil borrow material yard, temporary construction roads, and other temporary occupation road, hundreds of mu in all, the main land which is occupied is hills and low-lying land, and the main ground vegetations are shrubberies and wasteland.
The impact of the temporary project land occupation on the ground vegetation is temporary, as the Subproject area has high rainfall, a good climate and comparatively good soil quality that is favorable for vegetation growth, it is anticipated that after completion of the project, the vegetation on the original temporary land occupation could be recovered by covering vegetation manually. Compared with the similar embankment projects, the vegetation on the temporary land occupation could be restored basically within 3~5 years by manual vegetation plantation measures, and the original appearance of the woodland vegetation covering could be restored in about 10 years.
3.3.1.6 RECOMMENDED MITIGATION MEASURES
During site selection, the vegetation factor should be taken into consideration, try to select the district with few trees and vegetations, meanwhile, the relevant supervision work should be well done to mitigate damages of project layout and construction to vegetations along the line. Excavated materials should be used as much as possible as fill in the construction in order to reduce the quantities of spoil. In the construction area, the parts which are suitable for woods and grasses should be planted with them, and the slope protection should be conducted immediately after completion of the embankment. Additionally, the site with little damage to vegetations should be selected to reduce damage to vegetations. The slag should be piled concentratedly in the appointed site, take necessary protection measures, and plant grasses and trees without delay, so as to recover the vegetation.
3.3.1.7 RESIDUAL IMPACT
The residual impact will become minor through adopting corresponding environmental protection measures, and its impact is restricted in the project construction period mainly.
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3.3.4 Fauna
3.3.1.8 POTENTIAL IMPACT
The project construction will occupy habitats and feeding sites of reptiles and small rodents in the construction layout area, while, as the project is distributed in line or point shape and the animals in the project impact are few, the living environment of the impacted animals will not change largely, and the adverse impact is minor.
3.3.1.9 RECOMMENDED MITIGATION MEASURES
The place with little damage to wild animals should be selected as the exploitation site of the construction material yard and spoil area, so as to mitigate damage to ecological environment of wild animals.
3.3.1.10 RESIDUAL IMPACT
After the project construction, there exists certain residual impact. It is that the distribution of wild animals along the project arrangement line will be reduced mostly, and its impact range is restricted within the area near the project arrangement line.
3.3.5 Air
3.3.1.11 POTENTIAL IMPACT
The main air pollutants during the construction period come from dust of vehicle transportation and tail gas of fuel machinery. The affecting area is near the construction road and construction area. The pollution of vehicle road dust mainly diffuses at both sides of the road, the max. dust appears at both sides of the road, with increased distance away from the roadside, the concentration decreases gradually towards background value, and the impact area is within 30m of both sides of the roadside generally. While, the main part of the waste gas from the fuel
machinery is NO2 and SO2, the waste gas is of quick diffusion and rapidly reduced concentration, and the impact area is restricted within the place near the construction area. Based on the general construction layout, the vehicle transportation line and project construction is mainly distributed along river banks of the urban area, construction will primarily be undertaken in the fall and winter when the atmosphere and roads are relatively dry, conditions that are conducive to dust generation. The impact of the waste gas from the construction machinery on the area near the conveyance roads and construction area is adverse.
3.3.1.12 RECOMMENDED MITIGATION MEASURES
Dust from concrete mixing: the canned cement truck will be used for transportation, it will be directly put into the concrete mixer by the special cement conveying pump, and the whole process is closed.
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Dust from conveyance: the conveyance pavements within the construction site will be hardened, and conveyance pavements of the construction area and urban area should be maintained, cleaned, and watered frequently to control dusts. The compartments of vehicles to transport soil and slag should be covered with awning, and falling on the way should be avoided.
Waste gas from fuel machinery: the large-scale construction machinery and conveyance vehicles are forbidden to operate with over load and overspeed, reinforce the maintenance and use the high-quality fuel, if necessary, the tail gas purifier should be equipped to make tail gas discharged after reaching the standard.
3.3.1.13 RESIDUAL IMPACT
The residual impact will become minor through adopting corresponding environmental protection measures.
3.3.6 Solid Waste
3.3.1.14 POTENTIAL IMPACT
Solid wastes that will be generated by the Subproject during the construction phase include spoils from the earthworks, construction wastes, and domestic rubbishes. Based on the construction scheme of the project, the excavation amount of the construction earthworks is 117496m3 totally (natural cubic meters), thereinto, 629740 thousand m3 is used for backfill, others are all waste slag, with a total amount of 518220 thousand m3, and the soil of 208208m3 should be taken from the soil material yard. See table 4.3.6 for details of the output of waste soil material of the project.
The domestic rubbishes of the construction area are relatively fewer, and the average construction workers during the construction period are about 230. Calculating by daily rubbish output per capita of 1.0kg, the average daily rubbish output is 230kg. The rubbishes are not distributed concentratedly, if these rubbishes are randomly thrown, they will decompose and stink as well as cause flies and mosquitoes.
TABLE 3-1: TABLE FOR BALANCE OF EARTHWORKS Balance cubic meter of excavation Excavation Filling and fill (m3) (natural cubic meter) amount (Actual Soil from No Item (Natural cubic cubic Remarks Utilizable Waste the meter) meter) material material material (m3) (m3) yard Chengbei concrete Earth taken 1 24464 25445 14678 9786 15245 embankment from Lijia
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0+950~1+941.954 mountain, and throw away in Chengbei Earth taken Chengbei from Lijia 2 embankment 25873 21205 15524 10349 9413 mountain, and 1+941.954~3+011.29 throw away in Chengbei Chengbei bank protection Throw away in 3 12000 320 376 11624 0 0+000~0+950 Chengbei 3+011.29~3+661.29 Earth taken Chengnan earth from Naiyang 4 embankment 20685 60435 12411 8274 58661 mountain, and 0+000~2+154.7 throw away in Chengnan The utilization Chengnan earth materials of the 5 embankment 22308 110634 13385 8923 116721 riverway 2+154.7~4+487.5 dredging is used for filling Earth taken from Lijia Pumping station of the 6 4069 3203 2848 1221 918 mountain, and waterworks throw away in Chengbei Pumping station of the Throw away in 7 572 319 375 197 0 People’s Hospital Chengbei Earth taken from Naiyang Ziyang City Pumping 8 764 3793 535 229 3926 mountain, and station throw away in Chengnan Earth taken from Lijia Sluice of the 9 838 2082 587 251 1862 mountain, and waterworks throw away in Chengbei Sluice of the People’s Throw away in 10 756 449 528 228 0 Hospital Chengbei 11 Zixiayuan sluice 521 509 365 156 234 Earth taken
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from Lijia mountain, and throw away in Chengbei Earth taken from Naiyang 12 Ziyang City sluice 581 421 407 174 88 mountain, and throw away in Chengnan Earth taken from Naiyang 13 Qiliping sluice 1318 1741 923 395 1125 mountain, and throw away in Chengnan Earth taken from Lijia 14 Chengbei access gate 35 23 25 11 3 mountain, and throw away in Chengbei Earth taken from Naiyang 15 Chengnan access gate 12 18 8 4 13 mountain, and throw away in Chengnan Total 117496 230597 62974 51822 208208
3.3.1.15 RECOMMENDED MITIGATION MEASURES
Optimize the construction organization in the design, try to utilize the excavated materials as much as possible, and the slag produced by construction should be piled concentratedly. It is forbidden to randomly pile it along the construction line, and effective protection measures should be taken for the spoil area. Try to effectively control the loss of water and soil of the spoil area by means of engineering and plant measures. The vegetation should be restored after completion of the spoil area.
Domestic rubbish: the domestic rubbishes which are produced by construction workers in the nearby residential area will be managed by local rubbish collection department unitedly; the domestic rubbishes produced by the workers on the embankment should be piled concentratedly and treated by local environmental hygiene departments, and dejecta will be conveyed to nearby farmlands as fertilizers after being treated by the septic tank. The temporary toilets and garbage bins in the construction area should be cleaned and disinfected regularly to prevent breeding of flies and mosquitoes.
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3.3.1.16 RESIDUAL IMPACT
The residual impact will become minor through adopting corresponding environmental protection measures and the impact time effect is short.
3.3.7 Sound Environment
3.3.1.17 POTENTIAL IMPACT
Noise will be generated during the construction phase from machinery construction and conveyance vehicles, the main construction machinery and conveyance vehicles include excavator, bulldozer, loader, concrete mixer, and large-scale transportation trucks. Based on the construction scale and construction strength during the peak, synthetic sound level of noises from the construction site is about 80dB (A) generally. Regarding noises from the construction activities, it will impact the sound environment of the residential areas, units, and schools near the construction area adversely after attenuation, especially that is will large exceed the standard during night. As the project is near the urban area, the sound environment will implement the grade Ii standard stipulated in the National Standards for Environmental Noises in Urban Areas (GB 3096-93), and the corresponding continuous equivalent A sound level limit value is that 60 dB in the daytime and 50 dB in the night time. See table 3-2 for details of prediction of impact of project construction noise on the sound environment sensitive spots nearby.
TABLE 3-2 ANALYSIS ON PROJECT IMPACT ON ADJACENT SOUND ENVIRONMENT
Noise Noise Sound level Embankment section Linear Over limit Unit distribution background after range distance (m) status value (dB) value overlay Reach People’s North 300 43.0 58 58.1 the Hospital 3+319.09~3+613.09 standard Reach Chengnan North 2+036~2+993 100 52.6 58 59.1 the railway standard Longhui Reach North No.1 middle 250 44.6 58 58.2 the 3+011.29~3+319.09 school standard Qunxian Reach primary North 2+036~2+933 200 46.5 58 58.3 the school standard Taohong Reach South 2+121~2+676 400 40.5 58 58.08 town the
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government standard
Reach Ziyang South 2+121~2+676 600 37.0 58 58.03 the hospital standard Tianfu Reach middle South 2+121~2+676 500 38.6 58 58.05 the school standard From the above table we know that after transmission and radiation, the impact of the project construction noise on the sound environment sensitive spots of the project impact area is minor, and each noise level will not exceed grade II standard stipulated in GB 3096-93.While, the construction noise during the construction peak will disturb scattered residential areas and passersby near the construction area.
3.3.1.18 RECOMMENDED MITIGATION MEASURES
Vehicle transportation noise: the conveyance vehicle is forbidden to ring tweeters, and it should be equipped with muffler, and overloading conveyance is prohibited. When the conveyance vehicle passes lines along the residential area, try to keep uniform speed, and it is forbidden to ring bugles.
Machinery noise: the construction machinery and equipment which meets the relevant national standards should be selected, try to adopt construction technique without low noise, as well as reinforce repairing and maintenance of the equipment to reduce the operational noise. The construction workers in the loud noise environment should be equipped with noiseproof appliances, and the consecutive working time per day should not exceed 6 hours.
Regarding construction of the embankment line along the urban residential area, as the impact of the construction noise on its sound environmental is larger, and residents also need a quiet environment for rest, the machinery with loud noise is forbidden to operate during 10:00 p.m. to 6:00 a.m. the next day. Regarding area which is impacted by noise seriously, the sound insulation wall and engineering measures should be adopted or the economic compensation should be taken to mitigate or eliminate the impact.
3.3.1.19 RESIDUAL IMPACT
After the noise prevention measures have reached the designated aim, no significant residual impact is predicted.
3.3.8 Loss of Water and Soil
3.3.1.20 POTENTIAL IMPACT
Based on the regionalization of conservation of water and soil of Hunan Province, Longhui County belongs to the strong loss area in the hilly areas of the middle part of Hunan Province. For the whole county, the annual total soil erosion is 3.49 million
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t, and the average soil erosion modulus is 3911t/km2.a.During the construction process, many sites will happen loss of water and soil, mainly in embankment and sluice construction area, temporary land occupation, material yard, spoil area, and other areas, and the main factors of loss of water soil are main works foundation excavation, land leveling of the construction area, excavation of borrow yard, slag pile in the spoil area, and other construction activities. The area with loss of water and soil is mainly concentrated in the local construction area, and it is more serious in the initial construction period. See table 3-3 for details of loss of water and soil. TABLE 3-3 ANALYSIS ON LOSS OF WATER AND SOIL OF LONGHUI COUNTY URBAN FLOOD CONTROL PROJECT Soil Prediction period Loss of water and soil erosion A value Area (month) (t) Item modulus (hm2) Construction Impact Construction Impact Construction Impact (t/km2·a) period period period period period period I. main 49.13 2000 7 4 48 48 2232 1488 works area II. soil material 7.7 1800 7 4 40 48 416 232 yard area III. temporary 0.94 1500 7 4 48 48 32 24 project area IV. construction 3.24 1500 6 3 48 48 104 61 road V. resettlement 2.06 1000 7 4 36 48 69 34 area Total 69.03 4692
3.3.1.21 RECOMMENDED MITIGATION MEASURES
The prevention of the loss of water and soil of the project area is divided into main works area, soil material yard area, spoil area, temporary construction land occupation area, and resettlement area. The measures of sodding protection, mortar rubble slope protection, riprap banket, pavement hardening, and other measures with functions of prevention of loss of water and soil have been designed for the main works; before earth borrowing of the soil material yard, the top soil stripping materials have been utilized to build the retaining ridge, in addition, the drainage ditches have been excavated on the slope surfaces of both sides of the soil material yard, totally, the length of the retaining ridge is 400m and the drainage ditch is 770m, after completing earth borrowing, the land leveling is carried out to the excavated surface of the borrow yard, the trees are planted on excavated surface, and the grass seed slope protection measures are adopted for the slope surface for conservation of water and soil; as for the temporary construction area, after project completion, all construction temporary facilities are removed, the camphors are planted and ground vegetations are resumed for conservation of water and soil, pines and cypresses are planted at both sides of construction roads, and the grass seed slope protection is taken for side slope at both sides of roads; the arbors, shrubberies, and grasses are adopted for the
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resettlement area for afforestation. See table 3-4 for details of the engineering quantities of conservation of water and soil of the project.
TABLE 3-4 ENGINEERING QUANTITIES OF WATER AND SOIL CONSERVATION OF LONGHUI COUNTY URBAN FLOOD CONTROL PROJECT Grass Earthwo Second Earthwo seed Land Tree rk Concret Landsc ary rk slope Project Name leveling planting excavati e aping cultivati backfill protecti (hm2) (tree) on (m3) (hm2) on (m3) on (m3) (hm2) (kg) I. main works The engineering quantities are included in the embankment engineering quantity area II. soil material 7.7 25700 405 820 17.5 76.5 yard area III. temporary 0.94 2680 project area IV. construction 3600 81 road V. resettlement 2.06 0.84 area Total 10.7 31980 405 820 17.5 157.5 0.84 After the prevention measures for loss of water and soil are implemented, the harnessing ratio for the disturbed land could reach above 95%, the total harnessing ratio for loss of water and soil could reach above 95%, the controlling ratio of loss of water and soil could reach the allowable value of 1.2, the retaining ratio could reach above 95%, the forest and grass covering ratio could reach above 15%, the vegetation resume index could reach above 90%, and loss of water and soil could be mitigated largely.
3.3.1.22 RESIDUAL IMPACT
After the prevention measures for loss of water and soil are implemented, the loss of water and soil is mitigated largely, no significant residual impact is predicted.
3.3.9 Public Safety
3.3.1.23 POTENTIAL IMPACT
With mobilization of construction workers into the construction area, they will bring hidden troubles to the health status. On the one hand, as construction workers live in the temporary living quarters or residential area near the construction area, domestic services and facilities as well as hygiene and disease control measures of the construction area are hard to keep up with temporarily, in addition, due to large labor strength of construction workers, their immunity from disease will decline, if they do not pay attention to diet and living environment hygiene, infectious diseases will happen and prevail easily. On the other hand, with mobilization of construction workers into the construction area, the population density and fluidness will increase, accordingly, the ratio of disease prevalence will increase too. If they do not pay attention to the hygiene of the board and lodging, the infectious disease will be prevalent. As many construction workers live in the leased private houses, once the infectious diseases happen or transmit among
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them, it will threaten the health of local residents.
3.3.1.24 RECOMMENDED MITIGATION MEASURES
Hygiene and disease control of construction workers: during the construction preparatory period, the health quarantine should be conducted to construction workers, the construction worker with infectious diseases is forbidden to mobilize in the worksite.
Hygiene management of the living quarter: special person will be responsible for the hygiene management of public drinking water and diet of construction workers, so as to prevent intestine infectious diseases. Pay attention to rubbish clearing and collection and filling and burying of other wastes, according to breeding conditions of flies and mosquitoes, properly use quicklime to kill larvae of flies and mosquitoes. The health department will periodically carry out epidemic prevention and disinfection to temporary living quarters, protect environmental hygiene of temporary living quarters, as well as immediately notify, insulate, and treat it once the epidemic situation is found. During the construction period, the local hygiene and disease control department will be entrusted to implement the hygiene and disease control work.
Labor protection: reinforce labor protection measures to workers, adopt the shift system of 8 hours for each shift, and it is forbidden to prolong labor time of workers randomly.
3.3.1.25 RESIDUAL IMPACT
After the corresponding health prevention and health measures have reached the designated aim, the possibility of happening and prevalence of communicable diseases will be low.
3.4. Environmental Impact and Mitigation Measures in the Operation
Period
3.4.1 Hydrology
3.4.1.1 POTENTIAL IMPACT
In the project, as Chengbei and Chengnan flood control embankments are built along banks of the original riverway, the riverway width will not change fundamentally before and after building the flood control embankment. As for flood with same flow, its water level and speed will keep the same, and the operation of drainage sluices and waterlogging drainage pumping stations will reinforce the drainage capacity of the urban area, during operation, the river water level will be lifted, while the impact is minor. Accordingly, during the operation period of the project, the water level of the riverway of Nanshui River will be lifted compared with
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the status without the project during the flood period, while the lift degree is minor.
3.4.2 Water Quality
3.4.1.2 POTENTIAL IMPACT
After operation of the project, it will not produce pollutants itself, thus, it will not impact the urban water quality. While, the operation of the project could improve the flood control standard and waterlogging harnessing capacity, as well as avoid seriously damaged urban ecological environment and serious water quality of inner rivers and lake due to inundated flood water. As the county waterworks in located in the upper reaches of the project area, the water quality of intake will not be impacted fundamentally.
3.4.3 Flora
3.4.1.3 POTENTIAL IMPACT
The woodland is occupied by the project temporarily, during the operation period, as the subproject area has high rainfall, a good climate and comparatively good soil quality that is favorable for vegetation growth during the operation period, it is anticipated that the vegetation on the original temporary land occupation could be recovered by covering vegetation manually. Compared with the similar embankment projects, the vegetation on the temporary land occupation could be restored basically within 3~5 years by manual vegetation plantation measures, and the original appearance of the woodland vegetation could be restored in about 10 years. On the other hand, the project implementation will protect the urban ecological environment largely, not only prevent various vegetations in the area being attacked by flood, but also protect vegetations in the area.
3.4.4 Aquatic Life
3.4.1.4 POTENTIAL IMPACT
During the project operation period, the hydrology and water quality of the riverway will not be impacted, habitats and feeding sites of aquatic lives will keep the same fundamentally, and its living environment will not change largely. Accordingly, the variety and distribution of aquatic lives in the riverway will not change largely, while, as there are rich feedstuffs near the discharge mouth of the sluice and electric drainage project and other factors, the density of local aquatic lives will increase probably.
3.4.5 Air
3.4.1.5 POTENTIAL IMPACT
As the pavement of the project area is equipped with traffic function, with the
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increased traffic, the discharge capacity of dust and vehicle tail gas along the line will increase too.
3.4.1.6 RECOMMENDED MITIGATION MEASURES
Do well in plantation and maintenance work of vegetations in the later phase of the project.
3.4.6 Traffic
3.4.1.7 POTENTIAL IMPACT
The Subproject will improve the flood control standard of the city, and provide a positive effect for the security of roads within the flood protection zones. In addition, construction of new roads on the embankment will improve the traffic on the urban roads further.
3.4.7 Public Safety
3.4.1.8 POTENTIAL IMPACT
After implementation of the flood control project, it will reduce breach ratio of all cities due to flood, therefore, it will avoid or mitigate serious urban pollution due to inundated flood and the following prevalent epidemic diseases, it will also avoid or lighten pollution by flood disasters, as well as protect the ecological environment of the city and guarantee health of residents. Meanwhile, the establishment of the flood control project could eliminate the psychological burden of urban residents during the flood season, as well as create a peaceful and satisfactory production and living environment, which is beneficial to physical and mental health of residents. The establishment of sluice and flood relieving canals will effectively prevent the waterlogging.
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TABLE 3-5: SUMMARY SCREENING OF POTENTIAL IMPACTS ON ENVIRONMENT, LONGHUI COUNTY SUBPROJECT Potential Significance of Impact Items Impacted Environmental Advantageous and Significant Measures for Mitigation Resources and Disadvantageous No Significant Values Potentially Impact on Natural Impact Low Medium High Environment Subproject Siting Plan the resettlement -House to be Risk of serious social 2 scheme cautiously as well inequities if demolished is 20259m Resettlement as carry out the compensation is and 1013 persons are inappropriate. compensation procedure impacted strictly Compensate for production -Permanent land materials justly; reasonably Encroachment into Risk of reducing income occupation of 169.1 mu, Productive generation of affected choose the construction Agrosystems families. threinto, the cultivated camp and auxiliary land is 113.6 mu. buildings Erosion to swamp The project is Adopt protection measures and wasteland and Loss of ecological selected in the for wild lives for other ecological resources non-sensitive belt compensation zones Carry out the public Erosion to tombs No historical and Loss of historical and consultation as well as and other historical cultural relics in the cultural relics conduct relevant and cultural relics project area compensations
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Potential Significance of Impact Items Impacted Environmental Advantageous and Significant Measures for Mitigation Resources and Disadvantageous No Significant Values Potentially Impact on Natural Impact Low Medium High Environment No traffic road is Adverse impact on Economic loss occupied by the traffic project If feasible, the mineral Loss of resource value exploitation should be Loss of Mineral No mineral and reduction of carried out before Resources resources affected. revenues per capita implementation of the project -The damaged low Damage to power pressure wire is 14km, transmission line Economic loss telephone line is Replace relevant facilities and other facilities 6.5km, and CATV is 8km.
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Potential Significance of Impact Items Impacted Environmental Advantageous and Significant Measures for Mitigation Resources and Disadvantageous No Significant Values Potentially Impact on Natural Impact Low Medium High Environment Subproject Construction The hydrology will not be impacted Conduct construction Hydrology Change local hydrology fundamentally management and during the controlling construction period -The discharge of the construction wastewater Restrictions of the Wastewater threatens (70m3/d) and domestic environmental laws and Water Pollution the water quality sewage (120L/(P d)) will strict construction activities produce pollution for supervision probably -with vehicle dust and Restrictions of the discharge of waste environmental laws and Waste air impacts the gas, the place within strict construction activities Air Pollution air quality 30m at both sides of for supervision as well as the road will be adopted prevention polluted measures
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Potential Significance of Impact Items Impacted Environmental Advantageous and Significant Measures for Mitigation Resources and Disadvantageous No Significant Values Potentially Impact on Natural Impact Low Medium High Environment -The vegetation covering ratio of the project impact Carry out the planning and area is considerably low, monitoring, as well as Loss of part flora Flora and the main vegetations adopt prevention resources are shrubberies and measures to restore the brushwood, and the vegetation impact is minor -Few animals in the Carry out planning and Loss of part fauna Fauna construction area, thus, monitoring and adopt resources the impact is minor prevention measures -The pollution will be produced, if the waste The solid waste will Carry out planning and Pollution of Solid soil of 51822m3 and threaten the monitoring and adopt Waste domestic solid wastes of environmental quality prevention measures (230 kg/d) are not treated
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Potential Significance of Impact Items Impacted Environmental Advantageous and Significant Measures for Mitigation Resources and Disadvantageous No Significant Values Potentially Impact on Natural Impact Low Medium High Environment Restrictions of the environmental laws and -There will be potential Impact of the strict construction activities impact on workers in the Noise Pollution construction machinery for supervision, adopted construction belt and and traffic noises prevention measures, as local residents well as relevant compensations The corresponding treatment should be -Due to new loss area of 69.03 ha conducted to earthworks, Loss of Water and Damage the water and new loss amount of 57300 t, it and the protection and Soil quality and land value will be impacted probably monitoring measures should be carried out to plantations The restriction to the -The diseases will environmental and social Do harm to health of become prevalent if no rules should be conducted Hygiene State workers and around strict measures for to the Employer, and residents construction camp and monitoring to construction neighbouring area activities Subproject Operation
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Potential Significance of Impact Items Impacted Environmental Advantageous and Significant Measures for Mitigation Resources and Disadvantageous No Significant Values Potentially Impact on Natural Impact Low Medium High Environment -The flood control standard of the flood control project shall be Mitigate the flood risk improved to 20-year-occurrence, Hydrology and improve the local and the waterlogging harnessing hydrological conditions standard shall be improved to 10-year-occurrence. Avoid deteriorated Enlarge the wastewater Water Quality water quality due to load flood. -The vegetation which is Improvement of the newly planted along the terrestrial ecological line of the project will Vegetation environment will improve the enhance the living afforestation ratio of the quality urban area.
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Potential Significance of Impact Items Impacted Environmental Advantageous and Significant Measures for Mitigation Resources and Disadvantageous No Significant Values Potentially Impact on Natural Impact Low Medium High Environment The distribution of aquatic The ambient aquatic lives will not change Changes of aquatic environment will be largely, the density of environment threaten recovered; the similar Aquatic Life aquatic lives in the breeding of the local aquatic environment in electric drainage station aquatic lives adjacent section should be and sluices will increase protected probably. The vegetation The dust and pollution -It will be polluted due to afforestation along banks Air Quality gas concentration along increased traffic of the embankment line the line will be increased should be reinforced -The newly-built roads on the embankment connect with the Traffic Improve the urban traffic neighbouring residential area, and the quality of the original roads will be improved
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Potential Significance of Impact Items Impacted Environmental Advantageous and Significant Measures for Mitigation Resources and Disadvantageous No Significant Values Potentially Impact on Natural Impact Low Medium High Environment -it will happen due to increased traffic, the Increase the incidence Establish warning and Public Security prevalent diseases due to rate of traffic accidents protection measures inundated flood are reduced
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4 PUBLIC CONSULTATION
Longhui County Urban Flood Control Project covers a wide range and there are many environmental impact factors. The project construction and operation will bring certain impact on the ecological and social environment, which directly relate to the development of social economy and public benefits. In order that the public can better understand the construction situation, operation characteristics and environmental issues related to the project, we will hear their opinions and suggestions on the proposed project. Meanwhile, in order to improve the assessment quality on the environmental impacts by the project, avoid negative impacts on environment by the project as much as possible, perfect the project planning and design, and furthest exert the comprehensive benefit of the project, our institute carried out various kinds of public consultation activities in the project affected areas with the assistance of Longhui County Water Resources Bureau in September 2005. 4.1. Public Consultation Method
The public participants mainly include representatives of residents and resettlers from the project affected areas. And the public consultation mainly adopts three methods, namely field investigation, interview and questionnaire survey so as to understand opinions and suggestions of the participants on the environmental impacts by different means. During survey, 40 copies questionnaires have been issued to the public. The questionnaires introduce background information such as location, scale, resettlement etc. and give preliminary introduction about the main environmental impacts produced by this project. 4.2. Public Consultation and Opinions
(1) Local Government’s Opinions Opinions from Longhui County Water Resources Bureau, Longhui County Financial Bureau and Longhui County Government are as follows: the construction of Longhui County Urban Flood Control Project will greatly improve the flood control capacity of dikes, lessen the potential impacts brought by floods, provide safeguard for economic development of Longhui County, and the social, economic and environmental benefits after the project construction will be significant. In addition, the negative impacts on environment caused by the project construction are little, because the affected scope involves only the dike construction area and part of the surrounding area, and time period affected is only limited to the construction phase. Therefore, we hope that the project can be implemented as soon as possible and the problems such as compensation and resettlement brought by the project land acquisition during the project construction will be properly solved.
Table 4-1Investigation Table for Public Participation in Longhui County Urban Flood Control Project
Interviewees Unit or Address
Name Age Nationality Occupation Title Education
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Main construction content:
The planned protection zone of Longhui urban flood control project is divided into 2 protection circles, namely Chenbei protection circle and Chengnan protection circle. And main protection projects include: newly-built embankment with a total length of 6.53979km; bank revetment, 1.6km; 2 newly-built culvert gates; 3 waterlogging drainage pump stations with six 850kw pumps; river dredging, 2 places with a length of 1.8km; river way harnessing, 2 places with a length of 1.6km; To establish flood control directing system and supply with necessary management facilities.
Land acquisition and house removal:
Longhui County Urban Flood Control Project will influence 7 administrative villages. It needs to relocate 170 2 households of 1013 people. In addition, houses with an area of 20259.13m will be demolished, among which include main brick and concrete structures, 13869.13m2, brick and timber structures, 4032.09m2, timber structures, 147m2, earth and timber structures, 944.91m2 and non-principal houses, 1266m2.The land area occupied by excavation is 169.1mu, which include farmland, 113.6mu, residential land, 48.3mu, urban construction land, 6.0mu and forest lands, 1.2mu.
Main resettlement method:
Influenced by the land occupation and house removal, 1013 people need to be resettled in this project. Among the people to be resettled, 107 non-agricultural persons can build new houses with the resettlement subsidy and the other 906 non-agricultural persons can be resettled by the dispersed backward method, concentrated resettlement in other places and the method of property right shift. As for the production resettlement of the agricultural population, 113mu cultivated lands can be adjusted within the resettlement area and 107 persons can be resettled.
Do you know the construction of Longhui Yes No Heard of County Urban Flood Control Project? At present which Flood and environmental problem Ecological Air Water waterlogging Noise Other exerts biggest impact on destruction pollution pollution disaster you? Do you think what is the Flood prevention priority to consider in urban Landscape Farmland Immigrant and waterlog flood prevention environment protection living quality discharge construction Do you think what kind of benefit this project should Economic benefit Ecological benefit social benefit mainly consider Type of impact on you by Environmental House removal Land acquisition Other impacts this project pollution The best resettlement Dispersed Centralized Outside Anything will method in you opinion backward backward resettlement do Do you obey to land acquisition, removal, and Yes No Conditionally resettlement Which environmental pollution will exert the Water Vegetation biggest impact on you Air pollution Noise Other pollution destruction during the construction phase Certain Suggested measures to Enclosed compensation Planting Other mitigate the impact construction to influenced residents Do you agree to this project Yes No Ambiguous Relevant opinions and suggestions
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1. To answer these questions, please mark “√”. 2. All questions can be answered with multi-choices. Remarks 3. For opinions and suggestions not addressed by these questions, please fill in the column “Other opinions and suggestions”. Investigator: Time: (2) Main Public Opinions Consulted With the assistance of Longhui County Water Resources Bureau, we carried out the investigation on residents of Longhui County urban area affected by the project construction, and issue 40 questionnaires to the residents. The people investigated come from all sectors of Longhui County urban area affected by the flood control project. According to the feedback, the situation is as follows: Public Consultation in Longhui County Urban Flood Control Project Statistics Statistics Basic Information Basic Information Rate Rate Number Number ％ ％ Junior Cadre 6 15.0 2 5.0 college Educational Middle Farmer 6 15.0 36 90.0 Occupational Background school Information Primary Worker 18 45.0 2 5.0 school others 10 25.0 Old 20 50.0 Han 40 100 Composition of Age Middle 16 40.0 Nationality others 0 0 young 4 10.0 According to statistical analysis, main opinions of the people consulted are as follows: (i) 100% people consulted know about the construction of Longhui County urban flood control project. (ii) Residents consulted think that at present the most significant impact on the environment of urban area is flood disaster. And 36 persons selected this item. (iii) People consulted all think that flood control and waterlogging drainage shall be considered at first in the urban flood control construction. And 34 persons selected this item. (iv) As regard to the benefits, the public thinks that social benefit and ecological benefit shall be firstly considered. And the persons selected these two items are 28 and 18 respectively. (v) The public thinks that the best resettlement method is scattered backward and 32 persons selected this method. (vi) Seventy percent of people consulted express that they will to obey the project land acquisition and house demolition, but 30% of them show that they will conditionally obey. (vii) Ninety-two percent of the persons consulted agree the construction of this flood control project, but the remaining 8% did not express their opinions. (viii) As regard to the environmental problems and influenced factors arisen in the project construction, most of the pubic think that the current environmental quality in the project area is well. Negative impacts on the environment of the project area by the project construction main include land resources and living facilities. Negative impacts of other aspects are insignificant and these
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problems can be solved by compensation. Other opinions and suggestions on the project construction are summarized as follows: (i) The public express that flood disasters are frequent in recent years, which bring urban residents great economic loss. And the construction of the urban flood control project is good for the nation and all the people, so they agree with the project construction and hope that it can be carried out by relevant units as early as possible. (ii) The public express that the construction unit shall guarantee the project quality and the construction supervision unit shall enforce the monitoring on construction. In addition, the construction of this project shall be undertaken by the qualified construction unit with good credibility so as to ensure the project quality. (iii) The public express that the project construction shall be accompanied by other auxiliary facilities including the construction of traffic facilities on both banks of the dike for the convenience of passing vehicles and planting turf and trees in the construction areas or on dike slopes for beautifying the environment. Apart from the dam, other auxiliary facilities including the traffic gate, culvert gate and waterlogging drainage pump station will also be built. At the same time, for the convenience of passing vehicles, the traffic facilities shall be accomplished after the project has been finished. As for water and soil conservation, it is designed to plant the water and soil conservation forest and slope protection sodding for avoiding soil erosion as well as beautifying environment. After the completion of flood control project, it will be a good leisure place for the people in the urban area. (iv) The public are more concerned about the compensation for the land occupied by the project. Most of the people consulted require that the land occupied by the project and demolished houses shall be properly compensated according to relevant national standards. For residents, who need to be resettled, they shall build new houses before the resettlement. The land permanently occupied by the flood control dike and other auxiliary buildings shall be figured out according to the standard of the flood control project. As regard to the construction plan, the construction unit tries to occupy temporary land as little as possible through proper programming. The compensation for the land occupied by the project and house removal shall be implemented according to the Land Administration Law of the People’s Republic of China and GTZF document No.[2001]355 “Notice on Relevant Problems of Hydro and Power Project Construction Utilizing Land” and the corresponding regulations of “Hunan Province Implementing Land Administration Law of the People’s Republic of China.” The backward scattered method will be used for the project resettlement. Resettlers shall build houses by themselves with the compensation fund in places with convenient transportation, power supply and good water sources at 50m outside of the flood control dike line or they can also buy commercial houses. As for the production resettlement, it shall be solved by readjusting the cultivated land according to the land resources in the project area. The production method and life style of the resettlers before or after the project constructions still keep the same, so they will rapidly adapt to the new environment and recover the production. What’s more, with the investment of the compensation fund, local villagers can increase the output and production value by improving the low and medium fields and the plantation structure. In addition, they can also develop bywork, such as engaging in the second and tertiary industries by utilizing the good geographical location. After all, the living standard of villagers will not decrease. (3) Main Public Opinions Consulted Through the consultation, the public understand the characteristic, positive and
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negative impacts of the flood control project. Most of them think that this project will be a social benefit project and they hope that it will be started as early as possible so as to reduce the hidden trouble of floods. At the same time, they also realize that this project will have some negative impacts on natural, social and ecological environment. The most concerned problem by the public is that if the resettlement can be properly solved and if the living standard will decrease after the resettlement. 4.3. Treatment of Public Opinions Consulted
The content about the ecological environment quality and environmental protection shall be put forward in EMP as much as possible to avoid or reduce the mitigation measures for preventing negative impacts. The opinions and suggestions on the construction quality and process shall be represented to the project construction department for reference through related channels. Opinions and suggestions on resettlement and removal shall be submitted to the project construction department and the compilation department for the resettlement plan for the purpose that reasonable suggestions put forward by the public can be adopted during the implementation of the resettlement. PMO shall inform the public the first-phase job, bid invitation for the project construction, basic information of the contractor and project investment progress through newspaper, TV and news release. Meanwhile, PMO shall understand the public’s opinions on the project progress and keep in touch with relevant departments so as to solve the problems put forward by the public through taking measures such as installing fixed telephone, fax and establishing reception stations.
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5. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT AND INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENT REQUIREMENTS
5.1. EMP Purpose
The purpose of an environmental management plan (EMP) is to: (i) guide the implementation of the recommended mitigation measures; (ii) guide the environmental monitoring program; (iii) Facilitate institutional arrangements for the implementation of recommended environmental mitigation measures and environmental monitoring to ensure compliance with the environmental requirements of the People’s Republic of China (PRC) and the Asian Development Bank (ADB). The EMP provides the crucial link between the mitigation measures described in Chapter 5 and ensuring that the measures are effectively implemented. According to the requirement of ADB, all EMP will be developed in accordance with relevant PRC and ADB regulations and procedures. At least the EMP will include the following: i) Summary of Potential Impacts; ii) Description of Planned Mitigation Measures; iii) Description of Planned Environmental Monitoring; iv) Description of Planned Public Consultation Process; v) Description of the Responsibilities and Authorities for Implementation of Mitigations; vi) Structural measures and monitoring requirements; vii) Description of Responsibilities for Reporting and Review; viii) Work Plan including staffing chart, proposed schedules of participation by various members of the Project team, and activities and inputs of various government agencies; ix) Cost Estimates; and, x) Mechanisms for feedback and adjustment. 5.2. Implementation of Mitigations
The mitigations to be implemented are presented in Chapter 5 and will be summarized in the EMP. 5.3. Supervision The project supervision will be undertaken by the Engineer or Monitoring and Supervision Company employed by PPMO or employers of the qualified Project Monitoring Company employed by the engineering department of the local PMO. The project supervision is typical in China, so no problems will occur if the qualified employers are hired. Table 5-1 presents the supervision and monitoring plan for common subprojects, which shall be completed by the environmental and social department of PPMO and
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be incorporated into PPMO and the monitoring company employed or into the monitoring contract of the engineer. The environmental monitoring engineer and project supervision engineer will carry out working in accordance with relevant laws and regulations specified by the environmental protection bureau and the construction bureau.
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TABLE 5-1: SUBPROJECT ENVIRONMENTAL SUPERVISION AND MONITORING PLAN Period Item Responsible Person Time Progress Main Supervision Responsibilities Compile the supervision form Environmental and social office of Before the contract None Before PPMO Constructio Select monitoring company and sign contract with the monitoring PMO of the subproject; None n company environmental and social department of the subproject; monitoring company Evaluate subproject’s FSP PMO of the subproject; Before construction All relevant parties shall study environmental and social and understand the FSP department of the subproject; Contractor; Engineer of environmental and project monitoring Study the environmental requirements and implementation rules PMO of the subproject; Before construction All relevant parties shall study and specified in the contract environmental and social understand the environmental department of the subproject; protection requirements Contractor; Engineer of environmental and project monitoring Constructio Implement environmental protection measures: Engineer of environmental and Once a month Ensure that all the environmental n Period All construction sites (dike, pump station, culvert gate, channel, project monitoring during the protection measures will be fully dredging etc.) construction period implemented and comply with Construction camp and sanitation facilities Carried out by the relevant standards and Borrow pits and spoil areas project monitoring regulations Resettlement area engineer Temporary traffic Management (report and photos) Main traffic passage Once a month Put forward improvement Construction vehicles (exhaust system, awning and transportation s during the measures when necessary peed) construction period Issue environmental problem Sensitive spots include: Carried out by the notice and environmental action Primary and secondary schools, institutes and hospitals project monitoring notice when necessary Historical and cultural relics engineer Parks and important ecological places Grade I protection areas of water resources Monitor the quality and dust of the dike foundation pavement PMO of the subproject; Twice every year Confirm the pavement quality environmental and social during the dry Perform the subproject and deal department of the subproject; period with some defects under the supervision of PPMO. Operation － Period Re-vegetation of spoil areas, borrow pits and other places. PMO of the subproject; 2 3 years after Ensure full implementation of all environmental and social the construction re-vegetation department of the subproject; period Perform the subproject and deal with some defects under the supervision of PPMO.
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5.4. Environmental Monitoring
A monitoring plan will be presented in the EMP. Monitoring will include: i) Compensation for the people affected by the project (because land acquisition and resettlement are not involved at present, the compensation is temporary); ii) Construction behavior and site; iii) Coordinate the monitoring of water quality, air quality and waste water discharging; iv) Safety inside and outside the construction site, especially the safety on roads; v) Effective implementation of measures of water and soil conservation in rented areas and construction sites; vi) Plantation of trees as a compensation for damaged trees; vii) Management of buildings, civil engine oil and used oil; All details of the project are supplied by EMP. The object of environmental monitoring around the project is: to provide feedback information on the environment affected scope and its severity so as to forecast the impact on environment; to assess the environmental protection measures comprehensively and effectively; and to ensure the implementation of relevant environmental standards of the People’s Republic of China. Environmental monitoring around the project will be carried out by Environmental Protection Bureau (EPB) or Environmental Monitoring Center or Environmental Monitoring Center of EPB. Table 5-2 to 5-4 present the environmental monitoring items around the project.
5.4.1 Air Quality Monitoring The air quality during the construction period is mainly impacted by the vent gas, which comes from the tail gas produced by junks and mechanical equipments and dust from the construction site, spoil areas, borrow pits and roads. The project monitoring shall ensure that all vehicles and mechanical equipments have normal exhaust systems. For major construction sites, the ambient air monitoring shall be carried out once a month. And the details are presented in Table 5-2.
5.4.2 Noise Monitoring Noise in the subproject construction is mainly produced by the construction work, heavy-duty machinery and road traffic. Project monitoring shall ensure that all vehicles and mechanical equipments have normal exhaust systems and sensitive belts in the urban area shall ensure the installation of sound isolation equipments. For major construction sites, the noise shall be monitored once a month (see Table 5-3).
5.4.3 Water Quality Monitoring The water quality in the subproject construction mainly comes from the wastes of the construction site, construction waste water, domestic sewage of workers and dredging. The project monitoring shall ensure that the soil erosion control measures and water pollution control measures will be fully implemented. Water quality monitoring of major construction sites is presented in Table 5-4.
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5.5 Criteria for Environmental Quality and Pollutants Discharge
5.5.1 Water Quality The river water quality shall abide by Hunan Provincial Water Environment Functional Zoning Requirements (DB43/026-2005). For the protection area of Grade I drinking water source, the assessment for water quality shall enforce Class II criteria of Surface Water Environment Quality Standard (GB3838-2002); for the protection area of Grade II drinking water source, the water quality evaluation shall enforce Class III criteria; and water quality of other river sections enforces Class III or above Class III criteria of Surface Water Environment Quality Standard (GB3838-2002). The production and domestic wastewater of contractors and other operation units shall enforce the nation’s Sewage Comprehensive Emission Standard (GB8979-1996). And construction waste water is forbidden to discharge within the protection zone of Grade I drinking water source.
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TABLE 5-3: AIR QUALITY MONITORING PLAN Period Item Responsible Person Time Progress Monitoring Responsibilities Compile the outline of environmental PPMO, Social and Before construction None monitoring report Environmental Office Sign the monitoring contract with EPB PPMO, Social and Contract signing None (including water, air and sound) Environmental Office and Before Local EPB Construction If possible, measure the background value of Local EPB Before construction Sampling the major construction sites and roads; 3 Compare with relevant regulations times a day for each point (TSP, PM10, CO, Prepare the background value report NOx, SOx and CxHx). Monitor the TSP and PM10 of the following Local EPB One time each month Sampling points: and three times a day Compare with relevant regulations Construction point during the peak hours of Prepare the report Concrete mixing point construction; One time Recommend measures for mprovement Choose the both sides of the transportation each quarter and three When necessary, coordinate with local social and road times a day if it is not in environmental department and the quality monitoring The sensitive point mainly refers to: the peak hours of engineer of the project; issue the environmental problem Construction traffic primary school construction. notice and environmental action notice. Period Monitor the exhaust emission (CO, NOx, SOx Local EPB One time each month Sampling and CxHx) of gasfueled vehicles, including: and three times a day Compare with relevant regulations Heavy-duty machinery during the peak hours of Prepare the report Trucks construction; Recommend measures for the improvement One time each quarter When necessary, coordinate with local social and and three times a day if environmental department and the quality monitoring it is not in the peak engineer of the project; issue the environmental problem hours of construction. notice and environmental action notice. Monitor TSP on both sides of the dike road Local EPB Three times a day and Sampling Operation six days for each year Compare with relevant regulations Period Recommend improvement measures for the pavement
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TABLE 5-4: NOISE MONITORING PLAN Period Item Responsible Person Time Progress Main Responsibilities Compile the outline of environmental PPMO, Social and Before construction monitoring report Environmental Office Sign the monitoring contract with EPB PPMO, Social and Contract signing Before (including water, air and sound) Environmental Office and Construction Local EPB If possible, measure the background value of Local EPB Before construction Sampling the major construction sites (Leq(A)). Compare with relevant regulations Prepare the background value report Measure the sound level of noise (Leq(A)): Local EPB Once a month during Sampling Construction points the construction peak Compare with relevant regulations Concrete mixing points hours Prepare the report Both sides of the selected transportation Once a quarter when it Recommend measures for improvement Construction raod is not in the peak hours When necessary, coordinate with local social and Period Sensitive spots mainly include: environmental department and the quality monitoring Primary and secondary schools, institutes engineer of the project; issue the environmental problem and hospitals notice and environmental action notice. Historical and cultural relics Parks and important ecological places
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TABLE 5-5: WATER QUALITY MONITORING PLAN Period Item Responsible Person Time Progress Main Responsibilities Compile the outline of environmental PPMO, Social and Before construction monitoring report Environmental Office Sign the monitoring contract with EPB PPMO, Social and Contract signing (including water, air and sound) Environmental Office and Before Local EPB Construction If possible, measure the background value Local EPB Before construction Sampling of pH, TSS, BOD5, COD, NH3-N, total Compare with relevant regulations phosphorus, total nitrogen and coliform Prepare the background value report bacteria at the upper or lower reaches of the project working sites. Pollution discharge monitoring: Local EPB Once a month during Sampling Monitor the temperature, pH, TSS, the construction peak Compare with relevant regulations hydrocarbon and petroleum at the pollution hours Prepare the report discharge points of the river construction Once a quarter when it Recommend measures for improvement areas. is not in the peak hours Stop the operation if negative impacts occur
Monitor the river water quality at the Local EPB Once a month during Sampling following points, including the water the construction peak Compare with relevant regulations temperature, pH, TSS, BOD5, COD, NH3-N, hours Prepare the report Construction total phosphorus, total nitrogen and coliform Once a quarter when it Recommend measures for improvement Period bacteria: is not in the peak hours When necessary, coordinate with local social and Upper and lower reaches of the construction environmental department and the quality monitoring period engineer of the project; issue the environmental problem Sensitive points include: notice and environmental action notice. Grade I water source protection area Monitor the TSS level of the dredged lower Local EPB (or the Every day for the Sampling reaches contractor designated) dredging period Stop operation if the total suspended solids exceed the standard Continue to monitor until the total SS reaches the standard
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5.5.2 Air Quality Evaluation for the atmospheric environment of living campsites and other non construction areas enforces Class II criteria of Ambient Air Quality Standard (GB 3095—1996) and that of the construction area enforces Class III criteria. Exhaust gas and dust produced during the construction and production enforce Air Pollutant Comprehensive Emission Standard of People's Republic of China (GB16297-1996). Oil fueled machineries must be equipped with smoke prevention and dust control devices. And the smoke limit of discharge shall enforce the standard limited value specified by National Limited Discharge Value and Measuring Method of Vehicles with Compression Ignition Engine Exhaust Smoke 3847-2005 . All heavy duty vehicles with spark ignited engine enforce the standard limited value specified by National Pollutants Discharge Limited Value and Measuring Method of Vehicles with Spark Ignited Engine GB 14762—2002 . Other standards relevant to the air exhaust of vehicles include: GB 14761.4-1993 Pollutant Discharge Standard of Vehicle crankcase, GB 14761.5-1993 Gasoline Vehicle Idle Speed Pollutant Discharge, Gasoline Engine Air Exhaust Pollutant Discharge Standard GB 14761.3-1993 and Gasoline Vehicle Fuel Evaporation Pollutant Discharge Standard GB 14761.3 -1993 . Testing methods of vehicle pollutants discharge enforce National Idle Speed Measuring Method of Solar Oil Gasoline Pollutant Discharge GB/T 3845-1993 , Measuring Method and Limits of Vehicle Crankcase Emissions GB 11340-1989 , Vehicle Compression Ignition Engine Exhaust Contaminant Discharge Limited Value and Measuring Method GB 17691-2001 and Compression Ignition Engine and Vehicles with Compression Ignition Engine Visible Pollutant Limited Discharge Value and Measuring Method GB 3847-1999 .
5.5.3 Noise Living campsites and other non construction areas enforce Class I Dilution Zone Criteria of National Ambient Noise Standard in Urban Areas (GB3096—93). Both sides of traffic arteries enforce Class IV Criteria National Ambient Noise Standard in Urban Areas GB 3096－93 . Frequent noise and occasional noise enforce the Item 5 of National Ambient Noise Standard in Urban Areas GB3096—93 . Noise of construction points enforces the criteria of GB Noise Limited Value of Construction Sites (GBl2523—90). Machineries with the noise exceeding the standard are forbidden to enter the working site. Noise of transportation vehicles enforce the criteria of GB Noise Standard of Motor Vehicles (GBl495—79). Individual protection on condition of high noise operation enforces the criteria of Industrial Enterprise Noise Sanitary Standard. If there is no ear plug protection, the noise limited value had better not exceed 90dB(A) and can not exceed 115dB(A); if there is suitable protection, the noise limited value had better not exceed 112dB(A) and can not exceed 120dB(A).
5.5.4 Solid Waste Complying with the Solid Waste Pollution Prevention Method of the People’s Republic of China (revised on December, 2004), the construction waste slag and solid waste shall be disposed at the designated spoil area according to the requirements of the design and contract document. Meanwhile, they can not be piled randomly.
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5.6. Environmental Specifications for Contractor(s)
Longhui County subproject is one of the most important flood control projects in Hunan. Environmental specifications for contractor(s) need be listed in details. The specifications are stipulated by project management office or correspondent departments. Before reaching an agreement with contractor(s), the specification need be handed in to project management office for discussion. The environmental and social specifications include: - Section A : Environment Protection Management - Section B : Labor Camps and Worker Health Management - Section C : Safety Management - Section D : Coordination of social relations Each section will address the following: Sub-Section 1: description of the Contractor's obligations with regards to those aspects covered by the section. Sub-Section 2: description of indicators that will be monitored for payment. The specific contents will be stated in environmental management planning. 5.6.1 RESPONSIBILITIES OF RELEVANT PARTIES OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT The main relevant parties of environmental management involve the PPMO together with its social and environmental office, Longhui County Subproject Management Office, Subproject Office Social and Environmental Section Hunan Provincial Environmental Protection Dept., Longhui County Environmental Protection Bureau and its Monitoring Station, Environmental Supervision Engineer, Engineering Quality Supervision Engineer, Contractor and ADB Assessment Mission. The responsibilities of these relevant parties are as follows: a) The PPMO shall be responsible for: i. Assistance in the social and environmental office to compile the environmental management rules and regulations for the subproject; ii. Cooperation with the Provincial Environmental Protection Dept. regarding the environmental issues in the project implementation; iii. Summary of the environmental protection measures of project implementation into the project progress report and submission to the ADB for review. b) The environmental and social office under the PPMO shall take charge of: i. The overall environmental management for the Hunan Provincial Flood Management Project; ii. Compilation of environmental management rules and regulations and supervision on its implementation; iii. Guarantee of the environmental protection measures of the subproject included into the Contractor’s contract clauses in a reasonable way; iv. Organization of training on the personnel of the subproject office; v. Recruit, monitor and assist in the environmental supervising engineer; vi. Recruit, monitor and assist in the supervising engineer of project quality; vii. Guide the social environment office and the subproject PMO to prepare the environment monitoring contract;
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viii. Complete the form2 of the project environmental monitoring report and the report includes the following aspects: a. Monthly environmental report provided by the subproject contractor; b. Monthly environmental report of the subproject; c. Monthly report of the environmental supervision provided by the subproject environmental supervising engineer; d. Quarterly report and yearly report of the environmental management of the subproject; e. Quarterly report and yearly report of the environmental management of the whole project. ix. Review and approve the quarterly report and yearly report of the subproject environmental management; x. Prepare for the quarterly and yearly reports of the project environmental management; summarize the environmental progress of the subproject and submit it to ADB for approval; xi. Help HEPB and ADB carry out the environmental supervision and inspection; and xii. Prepare the summary of the environmental assessment report of the whole project based on IEE of each subproject. c) The social and environmental section of the Subproject Office shall be responsible for: i. The overall environmental management for the relevant subprojects; ii. Guarantee of environmental protection responsibilities included into the subproject’s construction contract; iii. Compilation of the equipment and address choice plan in relation to the subproject, including reasonable arrangement sites of temporary work shed, architectural device and spoil yard, to ensure the plan reviewed by the local environmental protection bureau, public affairs and cultural bureau as well as other associate departments; iv. Recruit, monitor and help the local EPB to carry out the monitoring on the environment and pollution discharge; v. Recruit, monitor and help the environmental supervising engineer and the supervising engineer of the project quality; vi. Receive and compile the monthly reports provided by the environmental supervising engineer and the supervising engineer of project quality; vii. Fix attention on the environmental problems produced during the environmental supervision and monitoring plans; viii. Take proper measures to treat with the environmental problems in accordance with the environmental action notice issued by the Engineer of the Project; the Contractor shall undertake relevant expenses, which shall be deducted from the funds of the following month. ix. Submit the quarterly and yearly environmental reports to the social and environmental section3 of PPMO.
2 Requirements on the environmental reports of the subproject and whole project and the form of the environmental report are described in the project implementation and monitoring reports. 3 Quarterly and yearly environmental reports of the subprojects are the combination of the monthly reports and monitoring reports provide by the Contractor, which will be part of the subproject progress quarterly
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x. Declare the public the project preparation and implementations including the issuance of bidding information, construction schedule, disclosure of relevant information, introduction about the Contractor, who has won the bid and so on. xi. Compile and issue information about the public environment, including potential environmental impacts, environmental protection measures and monitoring results and so on. xii. Set special boxes for public opinions so as to collect the opinions and complaints of the public about the environmental pollution, noise and other issues concerned. The opinion boxes shall be regularly checked and feed back opinions of the public to relevant departments. d) The Contractor of the subproject shall be responsible for: i. Implementation of project construction and environmental protection measures in line with the requirement of the contract; ii. Abidance by the environmental protection requirements stated in the contract; iii. Formulation of the subproject environmental management plan to satisfy the requirement in Table 5-5; iv. Formulation of the health and security plan; v. Provision of training on environment protection, health and security for the staff; and vi. Preparation of environmental monthly report and submission to the environmental supervision engineer and the local environmental and social section. e) The environmental supervision engineer, under the supervision of the environmental and social section of the subproject office, shall be responsible for: i. Supervision on the implementation of environmental supervision plan and environmental protection measures at construction worksite, work shed and traffic roads stipulated in the subproject contract; ii. Guarantee of the subprojects in conformity with the Environmental Impact Assessment Laws of PRC together with the relevant environmental laws, regulations and standards; iii. Issuance of notices on environmental issues and actions to the Contractor and making a copy for the local environmental protection bureau and PMO; and iv. Prepare the monthly report of environmental supervision and submit it to local subproject PMO. The environmental supervision engineer shall keep to the stipulations in relation to the project supervision issued by the State Environmental Protection Dept. f) The engineering quality supervision engineer, under the supervision of the environmental and social section of the subproject office and the closely assistance by the environmental supervision engineer, shall be responsible for:
and yearly reports. The requirements on the project environmental report are presented in Section 5 and see the report outline for Appendix I.
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i. Assistance in the environmental supervision engineer to supervise the implementation of environmental protection measures by the Contractor; ii. 14 days after the notice on environmental issues was issued (7 days under the peculiar conditions), if the Contractor refuses to settle the issues or fails to settle them after the expiry, the notice on environmental action shall be issued. The subproject’s environmental and social section or the qualified personnel recruited by it can march into the worksite on site for disposal of the relevant environmental issues. The expenses arising out of it or the losses incurred by it shall be undertaken by the Contractor and be deducted from the monthly payment to the Contractor since the next month. iii. Help the environmental supervising engineer prepare for the monthly report of the environmental supervision. The project supervision engineer shall conform to the regulations regarding the project supervision by the National Environmental Protection Dept. and Construction Dept. g) Hunan Provincial Environmental Protection Dept.: Hunan Provincial Environmental Protection Dept. is the administrative management unit in charge of the environment in Hunan Province, and shall conduct management on all environmental supervision, monitoring and environmental issues in line with the environmental impact assessment laws, which mainly includes: i. Review and approval of the environmental impact assessment report of the overall project and its subprojects; ii. Review the environmental impact report table of the subproject selected; iii. Review and approve the siting plan of auxiliary facilities of the subproject; iv. Review the environmental assessment report of the subproject; v. Ensure that the environmental protection measures for solving any significant environment problem can be effectively implemented. h) The environmental protection bureau of the subproject shall be responsible for: i. Monitoring on the air, water and noise quality as well as pollution emission stipulated in the subproject environmental management plan; ii. Review and approve the siting plan of auxiliary facilities of the subproject; iii. Supervision and monitoring on the environmental issues in the subproject construction and operation as the deputy of the Provincial Environmental Protection Dept.
i. ADB Assessment Mission: As stated in the ADB Loan Agreement, the ADB Assessment Mission shall, twice per year, conduct supervision on the implementation progress, the implementation of the overall project and its subprojects’ environmental management plans. The two assessments refer to the mid-term assessment and final assessment. And the final assessment on the project shall be accomplished 3 month prior to the termination of the project.
TABLE 5-5: ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION CLAUSES IN THE CONTRACT OF THE CONTRACTOR
As a portion of the Contract for bidding, the Contractor must, in the bidding Contract, include the environmental management plan in construction and describe the methods that the Contractor completes the environmental responsibilities. The
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environmental management plan must include, but not limiting the following items: (i) equipment and procedure of managing solid wastes including spoil, construction and domestic garbage ; (ii) equipment and procedure of managing liquid wastes (including construction waste water, domestic waste water and waste water produced when cleaning equipment); (iii) measures of controlling soil and water loss at project areas (embankment, gate, flood diversion canal, spoil yard and material yard); (iv) measures of reducing and controlling air pollution (by vehicles emission system and dust control); (v) measures of reducing and controlling noise pollution (by operation procedure and vehicles emission system); and (vi) vegetation re-cultivation plan after the completion of construction (of spoil yard and material yard).
5.7. Institutional Arrangements and Responsibilities
5.7.1. Project Management Office/PMO Longhui County urban flood control project management office shall be established and the city-level management shall be carried out in accordance with the construction scale and project grade. The business belongs to County Water Resources bureau. Committee members of the office will be selected from the units such as the County Government, County Construction Committee, County Water Resources Bureau and County Environmental Protection Bureau. Engineering technicians will be assigned by County Water Resources Bureau. Main responsibilities of environmental protection of PMO during the project construction include: To coordinate and cooperate with environmental protection departments and construction executive departments of all levels; To draw up all environmental protection methods and specific measures according to relevant environmental protection laws and the requirements of environmental departments; To supervise project implementing party to carry on all works; To submit written report to departments in charge and environmental protection departments; To organize related departments to provide assistance, such as training workers, so as to guarantee environmental protection measures to be implemented effectively.
5.7.2 Provincial, Municipal and Country Environmental Protection Bureau s Hunan Environmental Protection Bureau will carry out unified management on the environmental protection within the district. Together with relevant departments, Longhui Environmental Protection Bureau will investigate and review the environmental conditions within the district and work out the environmental protection plan. According to the stipulations of relevant laws, Longhui Administrations of land, mineral, forestry and water resources will be responsible for monitoring and managing the protection of resources, and submitting reports on environmental conditions to Hunan PMO (project management office) and Hunan Environmental Protection Bureau.
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5.7.3 Enforcement Measures The supervisors in local department and/or municipal environmental protection must submit reports on all problems or negative impacts during mitigation measures implementation to local environmental bureau, provincial environmental bureau and project management office. Provincial environmental bureau, municipal environmental bureau and related departments must exercise power, and are in charge of stopping construction activities when mitigation measures are not implemented or negative environmental impacts happen. The construction activities are not implemented until the problem is solved adequately. 5.8. Capacity Building
The government and provincial project management office have limited capacity dealing with environmental and social problem and implementing environmental appraisal. Therefore, it need carry on capacity building in order that this project can continue smoothly. Suggested training work will be stated fully in whole EMP. The related people in local construction management office and Environmental Protection Bureau must be trained and contacted within 4 years in construction-phase. The training fee and costs of hardware and software will be included in the following budgets. 5.9. Budget for EMP Implementation
Table 5-6 presents the budget for EMP implementation.
TABLE 5-6 ESTIMATED EMP BUDGET, LONGHUI COUNTY URBAN FLOOD CONTROL SUBPROJECT Expense ( CNY 104 yuan) Name of Projects and Expenses Unit Quantity Remarks 1 2 3 4 Total Environmental Water Including the Protection pollution 3.8 1.2 1.2 1.2 7.4 workers’ Project control wage Including the workers’ Air pollution wage and the 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 8.4 control expense of facility sprinklers Including the works’ wage Treatment of 3.1 1 1 1 6.1 and the solid waste expense of Environmental dustbins etc. protection Including the structural construction measures and compensation Noise control 3.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 8 expenses of sound insulation walls
Community 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 8.8 Including the health expense of prevention medical and protection treatment and quarantine; the expenses for sanitary measures
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etc. Environmental supervision 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 11.2 measures Environmental 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 2 Management Expenses for Supervision 1 1 1 1 4 Units Environmental protection 3 3 survey and Capacity design building and others Environmental protection measures 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.4 quality supervision Four years in Training for Person all and 8 10 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 3.2 employees time persons each year Fundamental Contingency 1 1 1 1 4 Total 23.9 14.2 14.2 14.2 66.5 Soil and Water 110.9 Conservation Project Total 177.4
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6 FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
6.1. Findings
The project needs to occupy permanent land of 169.1mu, which includes farmland, 113.6mu. The houses with an area of 20259m2 in the urban area will be demolished under the project, and 170 families of 1013 persons shall be relocated. All the residents who are affected by the project land acquisition shall be compensated by cash and rehabilitated. A RP shall be prepared to plan the procedure of budget, organization and compensation. The total budget for resettlement amounts to CNY 12.1899 million, including compensation expense, resettlement subsidy, other assets expense, transfer expense, vulnerable group subsidy, resettlement administrative management expense, and supervision and evaluation expense. The water intake of Longhui County Water Works is located in the river course of Nanshui River, which is close to the County Government Office Building. The construction on both banks of Nanshui River and the surface excavation will greatly increase the consistency of SS in the river. And the immission of construction wastewater and domestic sewage will affect the water quality of Nanshui River. The affected water works shall be invested and compensated by local government, so as to improve the water treatment ability. Meanwhile, the further treatment shall be strengthened to ensure the safety of tap water. Other environmental impacts of minor or medium degree will occur during construction period, and can be reduced or avoided by the severe supervision on construction activities and the proper construction measures. As there isn’t any sensitive zone near the project area, the project will not affect the marsh and wildlife. Additionally, the construction of project will increase the vegetation coverage area, which will create favorable living environment for the terraneous life, and consequently bring favorable impact to the local ecological environment. The impact of particular measures mainly includes the following aspects: i) Resettlement and rehabilitation in project area; ii) Pollution from construction wastewater and domestic sewage; iii) Impact of minimized river dredging on river water and urban water supply; iv) Pollution from traffic dust and mechanical exhaust gas; v) Pollution form construction discarded residue and domestic garbage of construction personnel; vi) Water and soil loss due to earth works; and vii) Public safety and harm relative to the traffic (accident, tail gas, noise, etc.). The budget for environmental protection and the investment for soil and water conservation in construction period is CNY 1.774 million. 6.2. Recommendations
All mitigations recommended in this report and in the consolidated EMP should be implemented. The environmental monitoring and compliance inspections recommended in this report and in the consolidated EMP should be implemented. The principal problem of Longhui County project is the farmland acquisition. In order to solve this problem, the RP is prepared based on the requirement of ADB.
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The Longhui County project will establish dike, dredging and draining pumping station etc. Because the water resource of this city depends mainly on Nanshui River, the most serious impacts are from excavation of channel, discharging of waste water. During construction, the quality of the water intake of Longhui County Water Works will be influenced greatly. The water works must implement the protection measures to enhance water treatment. After construction, the impacts will disappear. The other environmental impact is from land acquisition, including permanently occupied land is 169.1 ha, 1013 people remove. This impact will be stated in resettlement report. Other minor environmental impacts are mainly from construction. The measures of relieving the impacts, organization and inspection will be stated in EMP.
The job of reducing environmental impacts reported in EMP mainly relates to the environmental recovery, control of soil erosion and runoff from earthworks, prevention of water, air and solid waste pollution, transportation damage (traffic accident, noise), public safety and dealing of social problem happened between workers and local residents. The estimated budget for environmental protection and monitoring is CNY 1,774,000. In terms of profit, this project will bring yearly economic benefits (the average level of 2004) is CNY14, 880,000
According to the above-mentioned reasons, the project as Category B under the ADB’s environmental guidelines has been confirmed. As no significant residual environmental impacts are expected, and all minor impacts predicted during construction and operation can be fully mitigated. Therefore, environmental impact assessment and further research will not be required.
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