14-TRISHA BROWN CUADERNILLO ING.Pdf
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1 F Foreword As part of the Museo Tamayo’s ongoing commitment to showcasing three-dimensional works in its “sculpture court”, we have initiated a program devoted to exhibiting spatialized sculptural practices that have emerged since the 1960s focusing on the expanded fields of traditional mediums that go beyond sculpture and into the domains of performance and dance. Moreover, this focus extends to works that engage the spectator’s participation. 3 This program will take place twice a year, and the staging of Trisha Brown’s 1970 choreographic and sculptural piece Floor of the Forest initiates this series, which will be followed in August by the presentation of some of the works produced by members of the Groupe de Recherche d’Art Visuel between 1960 and 1968 accompanied by a small documentary exhibition on the aforementioned artist group, organized by Andrea Torreblanca. The dancers participating at the Museo Tamayo are from the S Centro de Producción de Danza Contemporánea (CEPRODAC) of the Instituto Nacional de Bellas Artes. Director: Raúl Parrao. The dancers were trained by choreographer Tony Orrico. Synopsis Floor of the Forest (1970) is a dance/ CEPRODAC dancers: Stéphanie Janaina and Sheila Rojas; performance art piece staged for the first Irasema Sánchez and Edith Pérez; Juan Madero and Jorge time by Trisha Brown and Carmen Beuchat in 1970. The piece Ronzón; Gersaín Piñón and Yonatan Espinosa; Ricardo consists of a steel structure holding up a grid made of rope Rodríguez, asistente de dirección. and clothes. Two dancers move through the grid, dressing and undressing their way through the structure. At certain moments they pause and let gravity pull their bodies down towards the 4 ground. The public moves around the structure. Outside of 5 scheduled performance times, the piece functions as a sculpture. Schedule Premiere: May 8, 19:30 Performances: May 12 - July 21, 2013 This piece has been shown in various contexts—in theater Tuesdays and Thursdays: 13:00 and dance festivals as well as in performance art and contemporary Sundays: 12:00, 13:30, 15:00, 16:30 dance programs—at museums such as the Henry Art Gallery, The Walker Art Center, the Hammer Museum, the Barbican, and dOCUMENTA 12. S S Some brief notes on the work of Trisha Brown and Floor of the Forest Trisha Brown is one of the most original and innovative figures of contemporary dance, whose groundbreaking work redefined choreographic practice in the 1960s and 1970s in close relation to the artistic avant-gardes of the period. Born in 1936, Brown graduated from 7 Mills College in 1958, she trained, during summer workshops, with Anna Halprin, Merce Cunningham, Louis Horst and José Limón. In 1961 she moved to New York, where she contributed to the establishment of the Judson Dance Theater in 1962. Along with her peers and frequent collaborators Yvonne Rainer, Simone Forti, and Steve Paxton, she is considered one of the foremost representatives of post-modern dance. Though we can identify the influence of early modernist choreographers such as Oskar Schlemmer and particularly Rudolf von Laban’s method of choreographic notation, the Kinetography Laban, on Trisha Brown’s conceptual approachto dance, her work can best be understood in the context of the New York avant-garde of the 1960s and 70s and the Bay Area counterculture of the same Trisha Brown © 1990 Lois Greenfield period. This was a time marked by departures from the constraints of medium specificity, the dissolution of boundaries between Once in New York and working with the other members of the genres, the dematerialization of the art object, and interdisciplinary Judson Dance Theater, including Robert Dunn, who had studied explorations that equally operated on choreographic and dance with John Cage, Brown began experimenting with duration, practices, which, in many respects, paralleled Minimalism’s chance, language, objects, and everyday movements. The spatialized approach and phenomenological concerns. As fellow collaborative environment of New York’s Soho neighborhood at that choreographer and dancer Simone Forti recently stated in an time was a hotbed for artistic experimentation and Trisha Brown interview “we were artists working with the medium of movement.”1 not only worked together with her fellow dancers at the nearby Judson Dance Theater but also collaborated with artists such A formative chapter in Brown’s early trajectory was the as George Maciunas, whose building at 80 Wooster Street served as summer workshop she took in 1960 with Anna Halprin in the Trisha Brown’s living quarters but was also the place from where she choreographer’s open-air dance deck designed by her husband, staged pieces such as Man Walking Down the Side of a Building architect Lawrence Halprin, and where Brown met Simone Forti, (1970), Roof Piece (1971), and Floor of the Forest (1970); Robert Yvonne Rainer and Robert Morris, who would become frequent Rauschenberg, who designed the set and costumes for Glacial 8 collaborators and interlocutors. There, secluded among the Decoy (1979); Walter de Maria, who created a dance/vision for 9 trees and natural beauty of Marin County, the young artists learnt her in 1965; and Juan Downey for whom she performed Energy improvisation, task-based movements, and kinesthetic awareness Fields at 112 Greene Street in 1972 with Carol Goodden, Carmen from Anna Halprin; lessons that were to mark their individual Beuchat, Suzanne Harris and Gordon Matta-Clark, among others. practices and approaches to the interrelations between the body and space. Influenced by John Cage’s explorations of every day sounds3, Brown similarly experimented with everyday and basic movements One of the task-based exercises assigned to Brown during the of the body–standing, sitting, and lying down—which make up workshop was to sweep the deck with a broom; she concentrated the core of her first choreography,Trillium (1962) performed on the movement intensely until she propelled herself up in the air at the Maidman Playhouse in New York by Simone Forti, who also using the broom. In Brown’s words “I swept the floor for hours wrote the sound score. For Brown it was important to “break those and I went totally out of my mind. I was obsessively involved actions down to their basic mechanical structure, finding places with my job. I never really swept the floor, I took it as a dance of rest and power, momentum, and peculiarity (…) eventually structure, and action structure, and I held it.”2 This episode, accelerating and mixing up to a degree that lying down was done witnessed and described by Yvonne Rainer in several accounts, in the air.”4 is considered a pivotal one in Brown’s practice as it marked her future experimentation with gravity and the idea of bodies in flight. Homemade © 1989 Vincent Pereira Roof Piece © 1973 Babette Mangolte In the mid-sixties Brown began integrating language but also objects, landmark gravity-defying pieces, Man Walking Down the Side harnesses, and pulleys to her choreographies. Homemade (1966), of a Building. Supported by a system of pulleys and ropes held performed at the Judson Memorial Church, was a collaboration with from the rooftop, dancer Joseph Schlichter walked down the side Robert Whitman in which Brown performed with a film projector of a seven-story building in Soho, his body parallel to the ground attached to her back. More importantly however was the series at a ninety degree angle from the wall.7 The 1971 and 1974 “off- of movements that she performed for this piece, “a succession of the-wall” pieces Walking on the Wall and Spiral similarly featured pedestrian behaviors of personal significance that she instructed dancers walking horizontally down a vertical surface, and, in the herself to perform “live”–not imitative “physical feats”—but as case of the latter, in a spiral motion down columns (originally at 383 representations of thought, demonstrating the mind’s connection West Broadway’s loft space where the piece was first performed), to the body.”5 their bodies parallel to the ground, making evident the tension between gravitational pull and the ropes holding them in place but Brown continued to push the limits of dance and choreography, also the strength of the dancer’s cores which enabled them to walk as well as to integrate other media such as film in her work, gracefully and seemingly effortlessly down the vertical plane. 12 notably in Planes (1968) in which dancers dressed in black and 13 white jumpsuits slowly moved across the surface of a wall, aided by a series of masked orifices which enabled them to climb and support themselves, onto which a film by Jud Yalkut was projected containing aerial footage of different locations including New York. The city itself would also prove to be another stage for Brown in her later Roof Piece (1971)6 performed on the roofs of several Soho buildings, an experiment in choreography as a site-specific and sculptural endeavor, but also as an act of communication; the dancers, dressed in red, would relay movements to one another from the rooftops of the buildings. Ever since Brown took to the air propelled by a broom in Anna Halprin’s dance deck, defying gravity became a central concern in her work, either through simple bodily movements or aided by harnesses and rope-and-pulley systems which were never concealed from the audience. In 1970 Brown staged one of her Planes 3 © 2009 Julieta Cervantes Floor of the Forest © 2010 John Mallison Floor of the Forest (1970) brings together many of Trisha Brown’s of the possibilities offered