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PROSPECTS and PROBLEMS of TOURISM INDUSTRY in ASSAM Miss Ananya Borgohain Assistant Professor, Department of Economics, CT College, Tinsukia (Assam)

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PROSPECTS and PROBLEMS of TOURISM INDUSTRY in ASSAM Miss Ananya Borgohain Assistant Professor, Department of Economics, CT College, Tinsukia (Assam) International Journal of Advanced Science and Technology Vol. 29, No. 4, (2020), pp. 1336 -1338 PROSPECTS AND PROBLEMS OF TOURISM INDUSTRY IN ASSAM Miss Ananya Borgohain Assistant Professor, Department of Economics, CT College, Tinsukia (Assam) Abstract Tourism is now-a-days considered as an important industry which has vast scope for the generation of income and employment. It is one of the world's fastest growing industries, a major source of foreign exchange earner of a nation and a measure for resolving interstate and inter community conflict. Although the whole north eastern region has tremendous tourism potential, the tourism industry in the area is still miles to go to exploit the proper potentialities. This is mainly due to curse of nature and lack of proper attention of the central government. The state as well as the entire north east region of India has been subjected to century long neglect. Even after 64 years of the country's independence, same kind of central apathy is being continued to the region. The state of Assam is best known for her unique natural beauty with flora and fauna, historical monuments, pilgrim centre, tea gardens and its colorful cultural festivals. All these can make Assam as one of the best destination of the tourists. The tourism in Assam is mainly based on Wildlife, Tea tourism, Historical Monuments Ethnic cultural heritages etc. Therefore, natural parks and sanctuaries, rivers, lakes, warm water springs, forests, wild life, are the principal components of tourist attraction in the state. The whole tourism potentialities of the state can be grouped together under the categories - Wildlife, Nature Tourism, Tea tourism, Eco Tourism, Cultural Tourism, and Adventure Tourism etc. The present paper has been an attempt to highlight the main prospects and problems of tourism in Assam. The development of tourism in the state during the globalization period has also been analysed on the basis of some secondary data. Keywords: Tourism, Nature, Festival, Globalization, Development. INTRODUCTION Prospects of tourism industry in Assam could be real gateway not only northeastern states but also other Asian countries like Myanmar, Bangladesh, Bhutan, and Nepal. The ‘Look East’ policy initiatives of the Government of India would be helpful for marketing Assam Tourism in South Asian and south East Asian markets. Development and diversification of eco-tourism will also be a new enchanting aspect for both domestic and foreign tourists. The proper implementation of State maiden tourism policy 2008 can make Assam a major national and international tourism destination. From the above discussion we can categorize the prospects of tourism in Assam as follows: POTENTIAL TO ATTRACT TOURIST OF DIVERSE INTERESTS The above list shows that there is an ample scope for tourism to grow as an industry in with it diverse endowments of tourist interests. The following are the existing and potential variety of tourism: 1. Nature Tourism Assam and its six neighbouring states of the North-East are known for their bio-geographic richness (Coopers and Lybrand Report, 1996, p. 49). With its dense forests, uneven topography, flora and fauna, 1336 ISSN: 2005-4238 IJAST Copyright ⓒ 2020 SERS International Journal of Advanced Science and Technology Vol. 29, No. 4, (2020), pp. 1336 -1338 the majestic Brahmaputra and its tributaries, wild life sanctuaries like Kaziranga, Manas, Pabitara, Dibru- Saikhowa, Bhalukpung, Pabitara and similar others, and many rare species of animals, Assam offers basically nature-centric tourism. 2. Tea Tourism Tea was first discovered in Assam in 1823 by two intrepid British adventurers, Robert and Charles Bruce and since then tea has become an integral part of Assam’s economy. Many of these tea gardens have polo fields and golf courses. There are as many as 30 air strips and helipads maintained by the tea garden management. Therefore, coordination with the management of the tea gardens can effectively do a lot in promoting tea tourism in the state. 3. Eco-tourism Eco-tourism is also a new concept, developed around the idea of travelling to places of natural beauty, moving around and staying with the places of nature for a couple of days. It has the twin objectives of conserving environment and improving the welfare of the local people. Countries like Kenya, Costa Rica, South Africa have already successfully promoted eco-tourism. Kerala presents a unique success story of eco-tourism in our country. On this similar line, Assam has immense scope for eco-tourism, as its natural scenario and climatic condition resemble those in Kerala. The state is virtually free from industrial pollution. Its green forests, blue hills, enchanting rivers are the basis on which an eco-friendly tourism can be developed. 4. Cultural Tourism Assam is a conglomeration of various ethnic tribes and groups each having a distinct language, culture, way-of-life, festivals, songs and dances. Most of these people have their spring festivals. Songs and dances, display of colourful dresses, tasting of innumerable varieties of both vegetarian and non- vegetarian dishes mark these festivals. Sankardev Kalakhetra, Guwahati, has been organising, in recent years, spring festivals, on the line of the desert festival of Rajasthan, the Rangali Utsav in the month of April in which the various colourful shades of Assam are presented. 5. Pilgrim Tourism Assam has many ancient temples and shrines, some of which like Kamakhya date back to pre-historic time. As stated already Kamakhya is one of the most revered religious places in the country. An average of 1000 visitors visits the Kamakhya temple every day throughout the year. It becomes a centre of attraction in the month of June when it celebrates the Ambubchi mela. At that time more than hundred thousand pilgrims come for pilgrimage from different places of India. Situated on a hill top Kamakhya is also a very beautiful place that attracts many tourists 6. Adventure Tourism The enchanting blue hills and speedy rivers of Assam provide an enormous scope for the development of adventure tourism. Recently, some of the adventure sports activities like rock-climbing, trekking, para- sailing, water sports, river rafting and angling are promoted by the Department of Tourism. There is an annual angling competition held at Bhalukpung-Potasali side every year in November in which Indian and foreign tourists participate. But other areas of adventure tourism like hang gliding are yet to grow. Assam 1337 ISSN: 2005-4238 IJAST Copyright ⓒ 2020 SERS International Journal of Advanced Science and Technology Vol. 29, No. 4, (2020), pp. 1336 -1338 has a number of ideal places like Nilachal hills (where the Kamakhya temple situated) in the city of Guwahati and the hills around Kaziranga. Since most of the tourists come to the state through Guwahati and visit Kaziranga, there is an enormous scope for hang gliding. 7. Golf Tourism There are about 10 golf courses located mostly within the compact areas of tea gardens. The Oil India maintains a very good golf course in the industrial town of Duliajan. These offer a unique opportunity to develop golf tourism in the state. Most of the courses are located near to air-strips and helipads maintained by the tea garden management. In recent years, domestic and foreign tourists are coming to play golf in different golf courses, and a good number of them use these air-strips and helipads. PROBLEMS OF STATE TOURISM SECTOR Assam has tremendous strength of tourism attractions. The wealth of tourism resources endows Assam with comparative advantage, over many other states. Yet for many reasons this advantage has not brought for Assam the preeminent position that it deserves. Inadequate infrastructure facilities in state tourism sector. Expensive travel cost due to absence of adequate rail transportation. Lack of air connectivity to majority tourist destinations. Inadequate and lack of clean and hygienic accommodation facilities. Absence of trained tourist guide in the major tourist destinations in the state. Lack of adequate financial assistance of financial institution in state tourism. Poor publicity. Problems of insurgency. Inadequate safety and security measures of the tourists visiting major tourist Spots in the state. CONCLUSION The development of tourism industry Assam largely depends upon the formulation of a proper tourism development policy and people’s co-operation and consciousness. The High Powered Shukla Commission has recommended for establishing a North-East Tourist Development Corporation to develop tourism in the region. It has also recommended to issue Inner-Line Permits relax the Restricted Area Permits as well as to introduce Charter Flights for NE Package tours etc. Moreover, an honest and strong will of the government coupled with people’s hearty co-operation will definitely boost up tourism industry in Assam in near future. REFERFENCES 1. Basu A. Tourism Development of India. APH Publishing Company, New Delhi, 1998. 2. Bezborouh MP. Sustainable Tourism and Economic Development in the NE India, ICSSR, New Delhi, 2006. 3. Bhatia AK. Tourism Development-Principles and Practices, Sterling Publishers, New Delhi, 1989. 4. Deka UC. Tourism in Assam’s Economics Development: Policy Implication, Development Studies. 2004; 24(4):122-124. 5. Bezborah, P. and others, 2004, Small Business Management, Kalyani Publishers, New Delhi - 110002, P.111 6. Bora, Chaytanya, 2008, Principles of Management, Kalyani Publishers, New Delhi, pp.46-49. 7. Choudhary P., 2009, Tourism Policy and Planning, Adeline Books, New Delhi-11009 P.7 1338 ISSN: 2005-4238 IJAST Copyright ⓒ 2020 SERS .
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