bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.07.24.215400; this version posted July 24, 2020. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. 1 The kleboxymycin biosynthetic gene cluster is encoded by several species belonging to the 2 Klebsiella oxytoca complex 3 4 Preetha Shibu1#†, Frazer McCuaig2#, Anne L. McCartney3, Magdalena Kujawska4, Lindsay J. Hall4,5, 5 Lesley Hoyles2,6* 6 7 1Life Sciences, University of Westminster, United Kingdom 8 2Department of Biosciences, Nottingham Trent University, United Kingdom 9 3Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, United Kingdom 10 4Gut Microbes & Health, Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, United 11 Kingdom 12 5Chair of Intestinal Microbiome, ZIEL – Institute for Food & Health, Technical University of 13 Munich, Freising, Germany 14 6Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, United Kingdom 15 16 #These authors made an equal contribution to the work; shared authorship. 17 *Corresponding author: Lesley Hoyles,
[email protected] 18 †Present address: Berkshire and Surrey Pathology Services, Frimley Health NHS Trust, Wexham 19 Park Hospital, Slough, United Kingdom. 20 Running title: Distribution of the kleboxymycin BGC in Klebsiella 21 Abbreviations: AAHC, antibiotic-associated haemorrhagic colitis; AMR, antimicrobial resistance; 22 BGC, biosynthetic gene cluster; CARD, Comprehensive Antibiotic Resistance Database; ESBL, 23 extended spectrum β-lactamase; KPC, K. pneumoniae carbapenemase; MAG, metagenome-assembled 24 genome; MSA, multiple-sequence alignment; NEC, necrotizing enterocolitis; PAI, pathogenicity 25 island; PBD, pyrrolobenzodiazepine; TM, tilimycin; TV, tillivaline; VFDB, Virulence Factors of 26 Pathogenic Bacteria Database.