Chronicles of the Devizes, Being a History of The
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Thank you for purchasing from Ebay Shop Retromedia Thankyou for your purchase Click here to visit Flatcapsandbonnets.com Thankyou for your purchase Click here to visit Flatcapsandbonnets.com ; Thank you for purchasing from Ebay Shop Retromedia Thankyou for your purchase Click here to visit Flatcapsandbonnets.com OF THE DEVIZES, BEING A HlSXpRY OF THE Thankyou for your purchase Click here to visit Flatcapsandbonnets.com OF THAT NAME WITH NOTICES STATISTICAL, PARLIAMENTARY, ECCLESIASTIC, AND BIOGRAPHICAL, BY JAMES WAYLEN. PRINTED FOR THE AUTHOR, AND SOLD BY LONGMAN AND CO.. PATERNOSTER ROW AND T. B. SMITH, DEVIZES. 1839. Thank you for purchasing from Ebay Shop Retromedia Thankyou for your purchase Click here to visit Flatcapsandbonnets.com "1)49 IA;^ PREFACK. The object and character of a work bearing the title of the present must be so obvious to all, that preface seems hardly necessary except for the purpose of saying a few words on the sources of information, and paying that just tribute of respect which is due to the gentlemen who have assisted me in the undertaking. The history of this Country during the middle ages has already derived much elucidation from the publishing of the Tower-Records; and although it will remain com- paratively defective till that publication is complete, yet to have Thankyoudeferred for yourthe purchasehistory Clickof hereDevizes to visit Flatcapsandbonnets.comtill such a doubt- ful period should arrive, would have been a virtual re- linquishing of the task. The observations in the municipal department are taken in a great measure from the reports lately published by Government. With regard to such as are not, I think it only necessary to say that they have been drawn up with considerable care, and with an anxious desire to offend no living man. A great deal has been written about Wiltshire and its antiquities, but I cannot help thinking that no writer has suflSciently studied the moral influence which its inhabi- tants and principal families have ever exercised in the revolutions of the state. With this view, much might have been added and many names introduced in the pre- sent work, with reference to the great civil wars : but I willingly leave this point to be more ably discussed by Mr. Ha:tcher, in his forthcoming work on Salisbury. To this gentleman I aiA indebted for the whole of the docu- ments relative to the disposal of the Castle under Bishop Joceline's prelacy. The other gentlemen who have supplied me with valuable materials are the Rev. Edward James Phipps, Mr. Paul Anstie, Mr. George Anstie, and Mr. T. B. Smith, of Devizes and Mr. Britton of London. ; Thank you for purchasing from Ebay Shop Retromedia Thankyou for your purchase Click here to visit Flatcapsandbonnets.com CHAPTER L OPENING REMARKS OPINIONS OF DR. DAVIS AND OTHERS ON THE ORIGIN OF THE TOWN DEATH OF WILLIAM BAXTER SOME ACCOUNT OF THE FAMILY OF STUKELEY—RECEIPT FOR ANTIQUA- RIES, AND CRITIQUE ON THE SCHOOL OF MEDI- CINEThankyouOF THEfor your purchaseLAST ClickCENTURY. here to visit Flatcapsandbonnets.com When undertaking to give the history of nations or smaller communities, historians and biographers have always exhibited the very natural desire to begin if possible at the begin- ning. Their repugnance to the idea of raising a " baseless fabric " is such, that when unable to discover a legitimate and undoubted origin their next step has been to set about manufac- turing one. Such practices, to be sure, are becoming less and less available in the present day, when writers who presume to venture into doubtful paths, without suitable provision and armour of proof, are liable to sudden and dis- graceful defeat. Even if this were not the case, there is something so unsatisfactory to the mind, in putting forth statements, or only suggestions, of the truth of which we feel not fully assured, that at first sight it appears surprizing that real lovers of history should so often have indulged Thank you for purchasing from Ebay Shop Retromedia Thankyou for your purchase Click here to visit Flatcapsandbonnets.com 10 HISTORY OF in such a course. It is however undoubtedly true that many who have made the most laborious researches to ascertain truth /or themselves, have in many cases been the same persons not only to profess a belief in the vain fancies of hoary legends, but to attempt to foist on mankind other figments of their own brain. The moving prin- ciple in such must be, a desire to serve the pur- poses of some party feeling, or else to be regarded as oracles by the unlearned. Hector Boethius for instance must have shared pretty largely in this latter gratification, he garnished the Thankyou for your purchase Click here whento visit Flatcapsandbonnets.com annals of Scotland with his comely catalogue of kings before the fifth century ; furnishing for each of them, a life, character, and eventful " " reign ; and basing his History on such autho- rities as Cornelius Hibernicus and a variety of other authors whom the world had never known, or heard of. On the other hand it is necessary to guard against becoming the victims of our own incre- dulity, and of rejecting statements, the truth of which we have never taken the trouble to inves- tigate ; merely because they appear improbable. This cautionary process, it will probably be thought, is an unnecessary introduction to the examination of a subject so unimportant as the present ; but the fact is, that the interest attached to such enquiries, is frequently not at all in ac- cordance with the importance they possess. In fighting about a mere word, men have been as guilty of violent language and party spleen, as if Thank you for purchasing from Ebay Shop Retromedia Thankyou for your purchase Click here to visit Flatcapsandbonnets.com THE DIVIZES. 11 disputing their claim to an estate ; and questions of a philological nature, have often appeared arrayed in additional dignity in proportion to the cramped and limited extent of the orbits to which they were necessarily confined. The reader must not therefore feel himself aggrieved, if a problem which has already perplexed so many heads, though its object be nothing more than the origin of a country town, should be once more fairly hauled over ; and that the very circumstance of its having been so often and so unsuccessfully treated, should of itself be regarded as investing Thankyou for your purchase Click here to visit Flatcapsandbonnets.com it with an interest sufficient to claim his attention for many pages to come. Without further comment therefore I shall proceed, first, to speciiy what was the primitive spelling of the modern word Devizee ; and then to detail the various hypotheses and conjectures to which the singularity of that name has given rise. The word made use of by WilUam of Malmsbury, and in most of the public records, by all such authorities, in short, from whom we might reasonably expect accuracy, is one in the plural number. It is Castrum Divisanim—Villa Divisarum—Burgenses Divisarum, and if the former words are omitted ior brevity, it becomes Divisae. This plurality it has retained almost to the present day, the prefixing of the definite ar- ticle, in the case of public documents, having be- come totally laid aside, only within a few years. Without referring to the numerous readings which a copious Italian dictionary will furnish under Thank you for purchasing from Ebay Shop Retromedia Thankyou for your purchase Click here to visit Flatcapsandbonnets.com 12 - HISTORY OF the head Divisa; it seems the most legitimate course, to adopt the ordinary and natural ren- dering of the past participle of Divido, and trans- lating Divisse as divided—partitioned off—or ahenated, connect it with some such word as terrse or partes. This gives it the exact meaning of the Saxon Kenninga from Kennan to cut, and has given rise to the following theory. That Divisse is only the Latin expression (mivde use of in legal documents) of Kannings, and entertaining this view, Devizes may be the " Kainingham " of Domsday book. It has been usual to regard Thankyou for your purchase Click here to visit Flatcapsandbonnets.com this name as the ancient one of the present village of Bishop's Cannings, but it seems very unneces- sary to go to Kainingham for this latter, when we possess the much more suitable name of " Kaninge" which has remained almost unmuti- lated down to the present day. The termination " ham " from originally signifying a house, came to imply a street or town, and still exists in many names, as Nottingham, Shoreham, Chippenham, East and West Ham. Kainingham or Kanning- ham it is therefore presumed may mean the principal town in Kanings. Or the " Borough of Bishop's Cannings " an expression which actually occurs in a document of Charles Ist's time written by John Kent, Esq. This opinion however is only thrown out as a plausible conjecture ; it is incapable of any substantial proof, and still leaves in obscurity the reason which first occasioned the idea of partition being attached to the spot or to the district. That such however was the idea Thank you for purchasing from Ebay Shop Retromedia Thankyou for your purchase Click here to visit Flatcapsandbonnets.com THE DEVIZES. 13 intended to be conveyed, is evident from the cir- cumstance of Florence of Worcester always wri- ting it Divisio. The greater part of the other conjectures on this subject have been brought forward in so amusing a manner by Dr. Davis, a Physician of Devizes, in his " Origines Divisianse" that I make no scruple of relieving myself of the task of so much recapitulation and arrangement by just transcribing the whole of that portion of his little work which refers to this point.