Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2015, 12, 12371-12390; doi:10.3390/ijerph121012371 OPEN ACCESS International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ISSN 1660-4601 www.mdpi.com/journal/ijerph Article Unraveling Health Risk and Speciation of Arsenic from Groundwater in Rural Areas of Punjab, Pakistan Muhammad Bilal Shakoor 1, Nabeel Khan Niazi 1,2,*, Irshad Bibi 1,2, Mohammad Mahmudur Rahman 3,4,5, Ravi Naidu 4,5, Zhaomin Dong 4,5, Muhammad Shahid 6 and Muhammad Arshad 1 1 Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan; E-Mails:
[email protected] (M.B.S.);
[email protected] (I.B.);
[email protected] (M.A.) 2 Southern Cross GeoScience, Southern Cross University, Lismore 2480, NSW, Australia 3 Centre for Environmental Risk Assessment and Remediation (CERAR), Mawson Lakes Campus, University of South Australia, SA 5095, Australia; E-Mail:
[email protected] 4 Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), Faculty of Science and Information Technology, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; E-Mails:
[email protected] (R.N.);
[email protected] (Z.D.) 5 Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment (CRC CARE), P.O. Box 486, Salisbury South, SA 5106, Australia 6 Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Vehari 61100, Pakistan; E-Mail:
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[email protected]; Tel.: +92-41-920-1089; Fax: +92-41-240-9585.