A New Feature for Identifying Adult American Herring Gull
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Morphological Variation Among Herring Gulls (Larus Argentatus) and Great Black-Backed Gulls (Larus Marinus) in Eastern North America Gregory J
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by University of New England University of New England DUNE: DigitalUNE Environmental Studies Faculty Publications Environmental Studies Department 4-2016 Morphological Variation Among Herring Gulls (Larus Argentatus) And Great Black-Backed Gulls (Larus Marinus) In Eastern North America Gregory J. Robertson Environment Canada Sheena Roul Environment Canada Karel A. Allard Environment Canada Cynthia Pekarik Environment Canada Raphael A. Lavoie Queen's University See next page for additional authors Follow this and additional works at: http://dune.une.edu/env_facpubs Part of the Ornithology Commons Recommended Citation Robertson, Gregory J.; Roul, Sheena; Allard, Karel A.; Pekarik, Cynthia; Lavoie, Raphael A.; Ellis, Julie C.; Perlut, Noah G.; Diamond, Antony W.; Benjamin, Nikki; Ronconi, Robert A.; Gilliland, Scott .;G and Veitch, Brian G., "Morphological Variation Among Herring Gulls (Larus Argentatus) And Great Black-Backed Gulls (Larus Marinus) In Eastern North America" (2016). Environmental Studies Faculty Publications. 22. http://dune.une.edu/env_facpubs/22 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Environmental Studies Department at DUNE: DigitalUNE. It has been accepted for inclusion in Environmental Studies Faculty Publications by an authorized administrator of DUNE: DigitalUNE. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Authors Gregory J. Robertson, Sheena Roul, Karel A. Allard, Cynthia Pekarik, Raphael A. Lavoie, Julie C. Ellis, Noah G. Perlut, Antony W. Diamond, Nikki Benjamin, Robert A. Ronconi, Scott .G Gilliland, and Brian G. Veitch This article is available at DUNE: DigitalUNE: http://dune.une.edu/env_facpubs/22 Morphological Variation Among Herring Gulls (Larus argentatus) and Great Black-Backed Gulls (Larus marinus) in Eastern North America Author(s): Gregory J. -
(369) the Glaucous Gull in Winter
(369) THE GLAUCOUS GULL IN WINTER BY G. T. KAY. (Plates 40-53). SINCE the winter of 1941-42 the Glaucous Gull (Larus hyperboreus) has become a comparatively numerous winter-visitor to the Shet land Islands. At a refuse dump on the outskirts of Lerwick where it had been rare to see more than half a dozen of these birds together, it is now a common occurrence to see thirty or forty and occasion ally as many as a hundred. During the winter of 1945-46, the writer, with others interested in the project, arranged for an attempt to be made to photograph particularly Glaucous Gulls and possibly Iceland Gulls (Larus glaucoides) in the vicinity of the dump. The proposal was to use still and cine cameras from hides. It was hoped that a series of photographs might be secured which would do something towards clearing up the difficulties of dis tinguishing between these two species in the field, which have proved to be in some respects greater than used to be supposed. We were fortunate as regards the Glaucous Gull. A series of photographs and 300ft. of cine film were taken of this arctic visitor at most stages of plumage from the bird in its first winter plumage to that of the fully adult. Further photographs were added during the winter of 1946-47. Unfortunately the only Iceland Gull seen during these two winters was a dead specimen ; an immature bird in its first winter which had been captured on a fishing boat off the east side of Shetland on January 16th, 1947. -
The Herring Gull Complex (Larus Argentatus - Fuscus - Cachinnans) As a Model Group for Recent Holarctic Vertebrate Radiations
The Herring Gull Complex (Larus argentatus - fuscus - cachinnans) as a Model Group for Recent Holarctic Vertebrate Radiations Dorit Liebers-Helbig, Viviane Sternkopf, Andreas J. Helbig{, and Peter de Knijff Abstract Under what circumstances speciation in sexually reproducing animals can occur without geographical disjunction is still controversial. According to the ring species model, a reproductive barrier may arise through “isolation-by-distance” when peripheral populations of a species meet after expanding around some uninhabitable barrier. The classical example for this kind of speciation is the herring gull (Larus argentatus) complex with a circumpolar distribution in the northern hemisphere. An analysis of mitochondrial DNA variation among 21 gull taxa indicated that members of this complex differentiated largely in allopatry following multiple vicariance and long-distance colonization events, not primarily through “isolation-by-distance”. In a recent approach, we applied nuclear intron sequences and AFLP markers to be compared with the mitochondrial phylogeography. These markers served to reconstruct the overall phylogeny of the genus Larus and to test for the apparent biphyletic origin of two species (argentatus, hyperboreus) as well as the unex- pected position of L. marinus within this complex. All three taxa are members of the herring gull radiation but experienced, to a different degree, extensive mitochon- drial introgression through hybridization. The discrepancies between the mitochon- drial gene tree and the taxon phylogeny based on nuclear markers are illustrated. 1 Introduction Ernst Mayr (1942), based on earlier ideas of Stegmann (1934) and Geyr (1938), proposed that reproductive isolation may evolve in a single species through D. Liebers-Helbig (*) and V. Sternkopf Deutsches Meeresmuseum, Katharinenberg 14-20, 18439 Stralsund, Germany e-mail: [email protected] P. -
Laughing Gulls Breed Primarily Along the Pacific Coast of Mexico and the Atlantic and Caribbean Coasts from S
LAUGHING GULL Leucophaeus atricilla non-breeding visitor, regular winterer L.a. megalopterus Laughing Gulls breed primarily along the Pacific coast of Mexico and the Atlantic and Caribbean coasts from s. Canada to Venezuela, and they winter S to Peru and the Amazon delta (AOU 1998, Howell and Dunn 2007). It and Franklin's Gull were placed along with other gulls in the genus Larus until split by the AOU (2008). Vagrant Laughing Gulls have been reported in Europe (Cramp and Simmons 1983) and widely in the Pacific, from Clipperton I to Wake Atoll (Rauzon et al. 2008), Johnston Atoll (records of at least 14 individuals, 1964-2003), Palmyra, Baker, Kiribati, Pheonix, Marshall, Pitcairn, Gambier, and Samoan Is, as well as Australia/New Zealand (King 1967; Clapp and Sibley 1967; Sibley and McFarlane 1968; Pratt et al. 1987, 2010; Garrett 1987; Wragg 1994; Higgins and Davies 1996; Vanderwerf et al. 2004; Hayes et al. 2015; E 50:13 [identified as Franklin's Gull], 58:50). Another interesting record is of one photographed attending an observer rowing solo between San Francisco and Australia at 6.5° N, 155° W, about 1400 km S of Hawai'i I, 1-2 Nov 2007. They have been recorded almost annually as winter visitors to the Hawaiian Islands since the mid-1970s, numbers increasing from the NW to the SE, as would be expected of this N American species. The great majority of records involve first-year birds, and, despite the many records in the S Pacific, there is no evidence for a transient population through the Hawaiian Islands, or of individuals returning for consecutive winters after departing in spring. -
First Confirmed Record of Belcher's Gull Larus Belcheri for Colombia with Notes on the Status of Other Gull Species
First confirmed record of Belcher's Gull Larus belcheri for Colombia with notes on the status of other gull species Primer registro confirmado de la Gaviota Peruana Larus belcheri para Colombia con notas sobre el estado de otras especies de gaviotas Trevor Ellery1 & José Ferney Salgado2 1 Independent. Email: [email protected] 2 Corporación para el Fomento del Aviturismo en Colombia. Abstract We present photographic records of a Belcher's Gull Larus belcheri from the Colombian Caribbean region. These are the first confirmed records of this species in the country. Keywords: new record, range extension, gull, identification. Resumen Presentamos registros fotograficos de un individuo de la Gaviota Peruana Larus belcheri en la region del Caribe de Colombia. Estos son los primeros registros confirmados para el país. Palabras clave: Nuevo registro, extensión de distribución, gaviota, identificación. Introduction the Pacific Ocean coasts of southern South America, and Belcher's Gull or Band-tailed Gull Larus belcheri has long Olrog's Gull L. atlanticus of southern Brazil, Uruguay and been considered a possible or probable species for Argentina (Howell & Dunn 2007, Remsen et al. 2018). Colombia, with observations nearby from Panama (Hilty & Brown 1986). It was first listed for Colombia by Salaman A good rule of thumb for gulls in Colombia is that if it's not et al. (2001) without any justification or notes, perhaps on a Laughing Gull Leucophaeus atricilla, then it's interesting. the presumption that the species could never logically have A second good rule of thumb for Colombian gulls is that if reached the Panamanian observation locality from its it's not a Laughing Gull, you are probably watching it at Los southern breeding grounds without passing through the Camarones or Santuario de Fauna y Flora Los Flamencos, country. -
Black-Headed Gull Chroicocephalus Ridibundus
Black-headed Gull Chroicocephalus ridibundus Folk Name: Common Black-headed Gull Status: Migrant Abundance: Accidental Habitat: Open water of lakes and rivers The Black-headed Gull is a Eurasian gull that occasionally shows up in the Carolinas between early August and the end of April. It was first confirmed in North Carolina at Fort Macon on August 10, 1967, and was first confirmed in South Carolina at Huntington Beach State Park on October 29, 1970. It used to be called the “Common Black-headed Gull.” It is almost always seen with Ring- billed Gulls, although one Carolina ornithologist noted “that association may relate more to the abundance of Ring-billed Gulls in winter than any biological affinity it was relocated, several groups of excited observers were between the two.” The Black-headed Gull is a rare but allowed access into the wastewater treatment plant to see regular visitor along the coast of the Carolinas. There this special bird. are only four records of this gull inland in the Carolina Remarkably, a second Black-headed Gull, an adult Piedmont. The first two records were of birds found at bird, was sighted in Mecklenburg County on Mountain Jordan Lake on January 16, 2005, and at Falls Lake on Island Lake on December 16, 2012. Dennis Kent, John December 9, 2010. The latest records are of two sightings Scavetto, and Bill Rowse were scouring the lake during here in the Central Carolinas. the Southern Lake Norman Christmas Bird Count when At times, the discovery of a rare bird is often an they found this bird. -
International Black-Legged Kittiwake Conservation Strategy and Action Plan Acknowledgements Table of Contents
ARCTIC COUNCIL Circumpolar Seabird Expert Group July 2020 International Black-legged Kittiwake Conservation Strategy and Action Plan Acknowledgements Table of Contents Executive Summary ..............................................................................................................................................4 CAFF Designated Agencies: Chapter 1: Introduction .......................................................................................................................................5 • Norwegian Environment Agency, Trondheim, Norway Chapter 2: Ecology of the kittiwake ....................................................................................................................6 • Environment Canada, Ottawa, Canada Species information ...............................................................................................................................................................................................6 • Faroese Museum of Natural History, Tórshavn, Faroe Islands (Kingdom of Denmark) Habitat requirements ............................................................................................................................................................................................6 • Finnish Ministry of the Environment, Helsinki, Finland Life cycle and reproduction ................................................................................................................................................................................7 • Icelandic Institute of Natural -
160-165 OB Vol 25 #3 Dec2007.Pdf
160 BOOK REVIEWS Gulls of the with sections on taxonomy, field identi - Americas . 2007. fication, individual variation, geographi - Steve N .G. Howell and cal var ia tion, hybridization, topography, Jon Dunn . Houghton molts and plumages, age terminology, Mifflin. Boston and New York. Hardcover, molt strategies and behaviour. The final 17 x 2 6 cm, 1,160 200 plus pages are Species Accounts in colour photographs, ascending order of body size. There is a 516 pages. $45.95 section on Hybrid Gulls that discusses CAN. ISBN 13:978-0- 618-72641-7. regular hybrids occurring on both coasts, almost exclusively involving large gulls. Gulls of the Americas (hereafter H & D) is The book concludes with a Glossary, the latest in the Houghton Mifflin extensive Bibliography and a section on nature guide series. It is more precisely Geographic Terms. Medium-sized pho - termed one of the Peterson Reference tographs begin species account group - Guides. Indeed, the book’s large size and ings. A range map is found on the first weight preclude it as a field guide. Steve page of each Species Account. Included Howell and Jon Dunn have produced an are an identification summary, discus - exhaustive reference work for the 36 sions on taxonomy, status and distribu - species of gulls recorded in the Americas. tion, field identification vis-à-vis similar This includes 22 species that have bred species, detailed descriptions and molt. in North America, 10 that breed in Hybrids involving other species are listed South America, and 4 that strayed from and references for further information Europe and Asia. -
Bonaparte's Gull Larus Philadelphia the Only Small Gull Regular in San
Gulls and Terns — Family Laridae 235 Bonaparte’s Gull Larus philadelphia The only small gull regular in San Diego County, Bonaparte’s Gull is most abundant on the ocean, where, in winter, it can often be seen in flocks of hundreds a short distance offshore. Along the coast, it is much less numerous, though still often com- mon in San Diego Bay or the north county lagoons. Inland, Bonaparte’s Gull is quite irregular, both from lake to lake and from year to year. Even along the coast Bonaparte’s Gull appears to be becoming patchier in its distribution, perhaps as a symptom of the faltering productivity of the ocean off southern California. Winter: Offshore, the flocks of Bonaparte’s Gulls undoubt- edly shift widely with the shifting of fish and plankton. Photo by Anthony Mercieca Onshore, however, the species has a few favored con- centration points, especially the sewage ponds near the 100 on 14 December 1997, B. Schram). At other lakes our Santa Margarita River along Stuart Mesa Road (G5; up counts were of 15 or fewer. Inland, however, the species’ to 70 on 6 December 1998, R. E. Fischer), Buena Vista occurrence is quite irregular, as exemplified by the his- Lagoon (H5; 150 on 7 February 1999, J. Determan), Los tory of Lake Henshaw Christmas bird counts: Bonaparte’s Peñasquitos Lagoon (N7; 100 on 3 January 1999, D. K. Gull has been recorded on 17 of 22 counts 1981–2002, Adams), and the San Diego River mouth (R7; 200 on 22 with a median of 25, a mean of 59, and a maximum of 418 February 2000, V. -
Identification of Second-Winter Thayer's Gull
The in-between age of the in-between Gull: Identification of second-winter Thayer’s Gull Chris Gibbins and Martin Garner Abstract One of the early detailed articles on the identification of Thayer’s Gull was titled ‘The in- between Gull’ (Garner and Mactavish, 2001). This and subsequent articles, however, dealt only with the identification of first-winter1 and adult Thayer’s; little has been published on the other, in-between, age groups. While photographs and published descriptions allow birders to gain a general sense of what Thayer’s Gulls look like in second-winter plumage, to our knowledge no specific criteria that help separate Thayer’s from similar taxa at this age have been proposed. This photo-essay focuses on the identification of second-winter birds and sets out a number of specific features that, subject to testing and refinement, may help form criteria for the identification of out-of-range Thayer’s Gulls. The absence of a mirror in the outer primary, the number of primaries with a venetian blind pattern and the balance of dark and pale in the outer primaries help separate second-winter Thayer’s from darker Kumlien’s Gulls. The exact tone and pattern of fringing on the primaries and the tone of brown in the tertials, tail and secondaries are also important for separating these taxa at this age. Some hybrid gulls (involving various combinations of Herring, American Herring, Glaucous and Glaucous-winged) can resemble Thayer’s, but structure, along with these plumage features, should help rule out most hybrids. While typical second-winter Thayer’s Gulls are eminently identifiable, the frequency of hybrids and birds with characteristics intermediate between Kumlien’s and Thayer’s help stress the need for caution. -
Species Included in Categories A, B & C Scientific
Species included in categories A, B & C Scientific name Race Category 1 Mute Swan Cygnus olor -- A / C1 2 Bewick’s Swan Cygnus columbianus bewickii A >> Tundra Swan columbianus -- 3 Whooper Swan Cygnus cygnus -- A 4 Bean Goose Anser fabalis fabilis A >> Tundra Bean Goose rossicus -- 5 Pink-footed Goose Anser brachyrhynchus -- A 6 White-fronted Goose Anser albifrons flavirostris A >> Russian White-fronted Goose albifrons -- 7 Lesser White-fronted Goose Anser erythropus -- A 8 Greylag Goose Anser anser anser A / C1 9 Snow Goose Anser caerulescens caerulescens A / D1 >> Greater Snow Goose atlanticus -- 10 Cackling Goose Branta hutchinsii hutchinsii A 11 Canada Goose Branta canadensis canadensis A / C1 >> Todd's Canada Goose interior -- 12 Barnacle Goose Branta leucopsis -- A / C1 13 Brent Goose Branta bernicla hrota A >> Dark-bellied Brent Goose bernicla -- >> Black Brant nigricans -- 14 Ruddy Shelduck Tadorna ferruginea -- B / D1 15 Shelduck Tadorna tadorna -- A 16 Mandarin Duck Aix galericulata -- C1 17 Wigeon Anas penelope -- A 18 American Wigeon Anas americana -- A 19 Gadwall Anas strepera -- A 20 Baikal Teal Anas formosa -- A / D1 21 Teal Anas crecca crecca A 22 Green-winged Teal Anas carolinensis -- A 23 Mallard Anas platyrhynchos platyrhynchos A / C1 24 American Black Duck Anas rubripes -- A 25 Pintail Anas acuta acuta A 26 Garganey Anas querquedula -- A 27 Blue-winged Teal Anas discors -- A 28 Shoveler Anas clypeata -- A 29 Red-crested Pochard Netta rufina -- A 30 Pochard Aythya ferina -- A 31 Redhead Aythya americana -- A 32 Ring-necked -
Identification and Ageing of Glaucous-Winged Gull and Hybrids G
Identification and ageing of Glaucous-winged Gull and hybrids Enno B Ebels, Peter Adriaens & Jon R King laucous-winged Gull Larus glaucescens treated in several (field) guides and identification G breeds around the northern Pacific, from videos published during the last two decades (eg, northern Oregon and Washington, USA, in the Harrison 1983, Grant 1986, Dunn et al 1997, east, via Alaska (including the Aleutian and National Geographic Society 1999, Sibley 2000, Pribilof Islands), USA, to the Komandorskie Doherty & Oddie 2001). This paper discusses the Islands and Kamchatka, north-eastern Russia, in basic aspects of identification of Glaucous-wing- the west. The species winters around the north- ed Gull and various hybrids and illustrates the ern Pacific, from Baja California, Mexico, to different hybrid types and plumages with photo- Hokkaido, Japan (Snow & Perrins 1998). It is a graphs; it does not pretend to be all-inclusive. It rare vagrant in most western states of the USA; it focuses on structure, plumage and bare parts. is very rare inland in central states of the USA, as Differences in voice and/or behaviour (for in- far east as the Great Lakes, and has never been stance, long-call posture) are not treated. The recorded on the American East Coast (cf Sibley paper is based on field studies by Jon King (in 2000). Vagrants have been recorded in Hong Japan and the USA) and Enno Ebels (in Japan), Kong, China, and Hawaii, USA (Snow & Perrins examination by JK of museum skins in various 1998). Amazingly, there are two records of collections, and examination by Peter Adriaens Glaucous-winged Gull in the Western Palearctic: of published and unpublished photographs, a subadult (presumably third-winter) on El including many photographs of spread wings Hierro, Canary Islands, on 7-10 February 1992; from the National Museum of Natural History and an adult at Essaouira, Morocco, on 31 (Washington, DC, USA), the Peabody Museum of January 1995 (Bakker et al 2001 and references Natural History (Yale University, New Haven, therein).