DOCSLIB.ORG

Effect of Nephroprotective Potentials of Siddha Medicinal Herbs – a Current Status

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Effect of Nephroprotective Potentials of Siddha Medicinal Herbs – a Current Status ISSN: 2455-944X Int. J. Curr. Res. Biol. Med. (2019). 4(2): 12-23 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CURRENT RESEARCH IN BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE ISSN: 2455-944X www.darshanpublishers.com Volume 4, Issue 2 - 2019 Review Article DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.22192/ijcrbm.2019.04.02.003 Effect of Nephroprotective potentials of Siddha Medicinal Herbs – A current status. Vijaya Nirmala R1, Abinaya R1. 1Post Graduate, Department of Gunapadam (Pharmacology), Govt Siddha Medical College, Chennai. Abstract Siddha system of medicine is one of the medical treatments which bring out the effective treatment for various diseases. It constitutes herbal preparation without side-effects. Among the modern world Nephro toxicity is a major problem which has threadened the human population. Thus an attempt was made in this review to reduce the nephro toxicities. In this paper the author compile the review of certain herbs with their phyto-constitutions which can protect the kidney from its toxicity. Keywords: Siddha, Nephro toxicity, Nephro-protective, Herbs Introduction Siddha system of medicine is the one of the traditional In recent decades there is an increased rate of medicinal system to mankind and they can prepared mortality have been seen. In order reduce the medicines through the siddha system more than 10000 increased risk Nephro toxicity an attempt was made to years ago[1]. compile this review. In this review author compile certain medicinal plants which protect the kidney by Siddha system of medicine in practiced particularly in inducing certain Nephrotoxic substances such as south Indian people. It maintains distinctive identity of Cisplastin, Gentamycin, Acetaminophen, Cadmium, own. This system closely identified with Tamil Fluride. The herbs which has the potential of civilization. This system constitutes with no toxic protecting the kidney are as follows Aerva lanata, effects of herbal preparations. The word Siddha comes Aegle marmelos, Acorus calamus, Anethum from Siddhi that means achievements. Siddhars were graveolens, Abutilon indicum, Boerhaavia diffusa, the supernatural scientists with supreme knowledge[2]. Cassia auriculata, Carica papaya, Curcuma longa, Emblica officinalis , Ficus religiosa, Lepidium The substances which cause Nephroprotective actions sativum, Glycyrrhiza glabra , Moringa oleifera, must show the nephroprotective property against Nigella sativa, Rubia cardifolia Linn, Ocimum nephrotoxicity which is induced by Cisplastin, sanctum, Pongamia pinnata , Strychnos potatorum , Gentamicin. Naturally herbs have the curative Tamarindus indica, Withania somnifera. properties due to the presence of various complex chemical substances. The ancient traditional literatures has prescribed various herbs for treating renal diseases[3]. 12 ISSN: 2455-944X Int. J. Curr. Res. Biol. Med. (2019). 4(2): 12-23 Nephrotoxicity agents: Streptomycin.Miscellaneous : Radiocontrast agents: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents (NSAID’s): Many drugs, Chemicals and Certain diagnostic Ibuprofen, Indomethacin, Aspirin etc[4]. techniques are responsible for causing renal damage. Here authors have mentioned certain compounds Animal models used in experimental studies: which cause Nephrotoxicity. In Vivo Models: Heavy metals: Mercury, lead, Arsenic and GM treated albino rat Bismuth.Antineoplastic agents :Alkylating agents: Cisplatin treated albino rats Cisplatin, cyclophosphamide. Nitrosoureas: Cisplatin treated rabbits Streptozotocin, Carmustine, Lomustine & Semustine. GM treated guinea pigs Antimetabolites: Methotrexate, Cytosine Arabinose, 6- Mercuric chloride treated mice thioguanine, 5-flurouracil.Antitumor antibiotics: Ethylene glycol treated mice Mitomycin, Mithramycin, Doxorubicin. Biologic agents: Recombinant leukocyte and interferon. In Vitro Models Antimicrobial agents: Tetracycline, Acyclovir, Pentamidine, Sulphadiazine, Trimethoprin, Vero cells[5] Rifampicin, Amphotericin B Aminoglycosides : Gentamycin, Amikacin, Kanamycin, Table No:1 Chemical constituents of some nephroprotective plants: English Parts S.No Botanical name Family Tamil name Chemical constituents name used Botulin, β-sitosterol, Amyrin, Hentriacontane, Campesterol, Stigmasterol, Whole 1. Aerva lanata Amaranthaceae Siruganpeelai Balipoovu[6] Kaempferol, Starch, plant Propionic acid, β- carboline-I, Aervoside, Aervolanine[7] Aegeline, Agelinine, Rutin, Sterol, β-sitosterol, β-D-glucoside, Mamesinine, Lupeol, Aegle marmelos Rutaceaeae Bael Holy Leaves 2. Villam Tannins, Phlobatannins, fruit tree[6] Flavonoids, Umbelliferone, Quercetin and Volatile oils[8]. Monoterpene, Aerial Sesquiterpene, Phenyl 3. Acorus calamus Araceae Vasambu Sweet flag[6] parts propanoid, Flavonoids, Quinone and basarone[9]. alkaloids, flavonoids, The dill, Anethum tannins, saponins, cardiac 4. Umbelliferae Sathakuppai Gardendill, graveolens seeds glycosides, terpenoids, Anet[6] anthocyanin[10] Indian mush Whole Saponins, Flavonoids and 5. Abutilon indicum Malvaceae Thuthi [6] [11] mallon plant Tannins . 13 ISSN: 2455-944X Int. J. Curr. Res. Biol. Med. (2019). 4(2): 12-23 Flavonoids, Alkaloids, Steroids, Hog weed, Triterpenoids, Lipids, 6. Boerhaavia diffusa Nyctaginaceae Mookirattai [6] Root Pig weed Lignins, carbohydrates, Proteins and Glycoproteins[12]. Tannins, Di-(2-ethyl) Cassia auriculata Fabaceae The tanners Roots hexyl phthalate, Alkaloids, 7. Aavaarai cassia[6] Resins, Ca2+ and Phosphorous[13]. Flavanoids, Phenols, Alkaloids, Protein, Sterols, Terpenoids, 8. Carica papaya Caricaceae Pappaali Pappaya[6] Seed Carbohydrates, Steroids, Tannins, Glycosides, Terpins and Saponins[14]. Curcumin, Turmeric oil, Terpenoids, 9. Curcuma longa Zingeberaceae Manjal Turmeric[6] Rhizome Curcumin (Terpene), Starch and Albumnoids[15]. Vitamin-C, Carotene, Nicotinic acid, Riboflavin, D-glucose, D-fructose, Myoinositol, a Pectin with D-galacturonic acid, Darabinosyl, D-xylosyl, L- rhamnosyl, G-glycosyl, D- manosyl, D-galactosyl, Emblica officinalis Euphorbiaceae Indian Fruits 10. Nelli Embicol, Mucic and gooseberry[6] Phyllambic acid, Phellembin, Fatty acid, Leucodelphinidine, Procyanidin, 3-O-gallated Prodelphindin, Tannins, Ellagic acid, Lupeol and Oleanolic acid[16]. Peepul tree, Flavonoids, Amino acids 11. Ficus religiosa L Moraceae Arasu [6] Latex [17] Sacridfig and Tannins . 14 ISSN: 2455-944X Int. J. Curr. Res. Biol. Med. (2019). 4(2): 12-23 Volatile essential Fatty oils, Carbohydrate, Garden Lepidium Protein, Vitamin B- Brassicaceae cress, Seeds 12. sativum Aalivirai carotene, Riboflavine, Water [6] Niacin, Ascorbic acid, cress Flavonoids, Glycosides and Isothiocynates[18]. Glycyrrhizin, Glyciyrrhizic acid, Glycyrrhiza Indian Fabaceae Rhizomes Glycosides, Steroids, 13. glabra Athimathuram Jamaica [6] Glucose, Sucrose, Resin, liquorice Starch and Essential oil[19]. Vitamin A, Nicotinic acid, Ascorbic acid, Vitamin B, Fatty Horse acid, Glucose, Moringa raddish, 14. Moringaceae Murungai Seeds Sucrose, Citric acid, oleifera Drum Malic acid, stick[6] Succinic acid, Fumaric acid and Oxalic acid[20]. Alanine, L-Spinasterol, Arabic acid, Arginine, Amino acid, Aspargine, Black Aspartic acid, Carvone, Whole Nigella sativa Ranunculaceae cumin, Cystine, Cholesterol, 15. Karunjeeraaham plant Small Glutamic acid, Linoleic fennel[6] acid, Linolenic acid, Melanthin, Myristic acid, Oleic acid and Tannins[21]. Purpurin, Manjistin, Garancin, Purpuroxanthin, Resin, Rubia Indian Glucose, 16. Rubiaceae Manjitti [6] Root cardifolia Linn madder Sucrose, Triterpenes, Lucidine, Anthroquinine, Fattyacids and Gum[22]. Eugenol, Carvacrol, methyl ether, Carvacrol, Holy Ocimum Caryophyllene, Ursolic Lamiaceae Basil, Leaves 17. sanctum Thulasi acid, Apigenin, Luteolin, Sacred Ascorbic acid, Carotene, basil[6] Alkaloids, Glycosides, Saponins and Tannins [23] Flowers Pongamol, Protien, Alkaloids, Pongamia Papilionaceae Indian Flowers Tannins, Sugar, Resin 18. pinnata Pungu Beech[6] and Fatty oil (Karanjin) [24]. 15 ISSN: 2455-944X Int. J. Curr. Res. Biol. Med. (2019). 4(2): 12-23 Flavanoids, Phenols, Saponins, Alkaloids, Strychnos Loganiaceae Clearing Seeds Steroids, Tannins, 19. potatorum Thettran nut[6] Glycosides, and Lignins[25]. Polysaccharides, Balsamine, Catechin, Nasturtium, Tamarin, Phosphatidic Fruit acid, Phosphatidic choline, 20. Tamarindus indica Caesalpinaceae Puli Tamarind[6] pulp Ethanollamine, Serine, Inositol, Alkaloid, Citric acid, Tartaric acid and Pottasiumbitartrate[26]. Alkaloids (Somniferon), Withaminon, Wasamin, Sugars, Glycosides, Withania Solanaceae Winter Roots Amino acids, Essential 21. somnifera Amukkara Cherry[6] Oils, Withaniol, Hexatriacontane, Phyto sterol and oils[27]. Nephroprotective plants: Clade : Eudicots Clade : Rosids 1. Aerva lanata Order : Sapindales Family : Rutaceae Kingdom : Plantae Subfamily : Aurantioideae Clade : Angiosperms Genus : Aegle Clade : Eudicots Species : marmelos[30] Clade : Core eudicots Order : Caryophyllales Nephroprotective property: Family : Amaranthaceae Subfamily : Amaranthaceae Aqueous extract of the Aegle marmelos was Genus : Aerva administered with the doses of 250, 500 and 750 Species : lanata[28] mg/kg to the Wistar albino rats with gentamicin induced nephrotoxicity. The aqueous extract of Aegle Nephroprotective property: marmelos shows a potent nephroprotective effect with normal serum creatinine, urea and blood urea nitrogen The ethanolic extract of Aerva lanata shows a potent level[31]. nephroprotective effect with cisplastin and gentamicin induced nephrotoxicity of either sex of white albino 3. Acorus calamus rats. The extract dose levels were with 75,150 and
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Pharmacognostical Studies of Leaf, Stem, Root and Flower of Abutilon Hirtum (Lam.) Sweet
    Available online on www.ijppr.com International Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemical Research 2016; 8(1); 199-216 ISSN: 0975-4873 Research Article Pharmacognostical studies of leaf, stem, root and flower of Abutilon hirtum (Lam.) Sweet Alshymaa Abdel-Rahman Gomaa, *Mamdouh Nabil Samy, Samar Yehia Desoukey, Mohamed Salah Kamel Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt Available Online: 31st January, 2016 ABSTRACT Abutilon hirtum (Lam.) Sweet, is a perennial herb or shrub, commonly known as Florida Keys Indian mallow and distributed in tropical regions. The present study deals with macro and micromorphological investigations of leaf, stem, root and flower of A. hirtum, which assists in identification and standardization of the plant in both entire and powdered forms. Keywords: Malvaceae, Abutilon hirtum, macro and micromorphology. INTRODUCTION Malvaceae (the mallow family) is the family of flowering plants containing about 243 genera and 4225 species. It is distributed all over the world in tropical regions and includes the economically important plants such as cotton, okra and other ornamental shrubs.1 Abutilon is a large genus belonging to this family, comprising about 150 annual or perennial herbs, shrubs or even small trees. It is native to tropical and subtropical countries of America, Africa, Asia and Australia.2,3 The genus has a significant importance which is attributed to valuable fibers obtained from different species of the genus such as A. theophrastii and also due to several species grown as garden ornamentals such as A. ochsenii and A. vitifolium.4 Phytochemical studies of the genus revealed the presence of flavonoids, sterols, triterpenes, anthocyanins and fatty acids.5 Abutilon hirtum is a perennial herb or shrub, 0.5-2.5m in height [Synonym: A.
    [Show full text]
  • Review Article
    Ramaiah Maddi et al / Int. J. Res. Ayurveda Pharm. 10 (3), 2019 Review Article www.ijrap.net A REVIEW ON OCIMUM SPECIES: OCIMUM AMERICANUM L., OCIMUM BASILICUM L., OCIMUM GRATISSIMUM L. AND OCIMUM TENUIFLORUM L. Ramaiah Maddi *, Prathi Amani, Singam Bhavitha, Tulluru Gayathri, Tummala Lohitha Department of Pharmacognosy, Hindu College of Pharmacy, Amravati Road, Guntur – 522002, A.P., India Received on: 25/02/19 Accepted on: 05/05/19 *Corresponding author E-mail: [email protected] DOI: 10.7897/2277-4343.100359 ABSTRACT Ocimum species (O.americanum, O.basilicum, O.gratissimum, and O.tenuiflorum) belongs to family Lamiaceae. It is also known as Tulsi. It is currently used as a traditional medicinal plant in India, Africa and other countries in the World. It is used in Ayurveda and in traditional Chinese medicine for treating different diseases and disorders like digestive system disorders such as stomach ache and diarrhea, kidney complaints, and infections, etc. Many researchers have investigated the anti-inflammatory potential of various Ocimum species and reported various activities like anti-viral, anti-bacterial, anti-hemolytic and also different phytoconstituents like essential oil, saponins, phenols, phlobatannins, and anthraquinones etc. Exploration of the chemical constituents of the plants and pharmacological activities may provide us the basis for developing new life-saving drugs hence this revieW may help the traditional healers, practitioners, researchers and students Who Were involved in the field of ethno pharmacology. Keywords: Ocimum species, Therapeutic uses, Biological activity, Phytoconstituents. INTRODUCTION varieties, as Well as several related species or hybrids Which are also called as basil. The type used commonly is typically called The name "basil" comes from Latin Word ‘Basilius’.
    [Show full text]
  • 9. Herbs and Its Amazing Healing Properties
    EPTRI‐ENVIS Centre (Ecology of Eastern Ghats) HERBS AND ITS AMAZING HEALING PROPERTIES Article 04/2015/ENVIS-Ecology of Eastern Ghats Page 1 of 50 EPTRI‐ENVIS Centre (Ecology of Eastern Ghats) LIST OF MEDICINAL HERBS Plant name : Achyranthes aspera L. Family : Amaranthaceae Local name : Uttareni Habit : Herb Fl & Fr time : October – March Part(s) used : Leaves Medicinal uses : Leaf paste is applied externally for eye pain and dog bite. Internally taken leaves decoction with water/milk to cure stomach problems, diuretic, piles and skin diseases. Plant name : Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench. Family : Malvaceae Local name : Benda Habit : Herb Fl & Fr time : Part(s) used : Roots Medicinal uses : The juice of the roots is used externally to treat cuts, wounds and boils. Plant name : Abutilon crispum (L.) Don Family : Malvaceae Local name : Nelabenda Habit : Herb Fl & Fr time : March – September Part(s) used : Root Medicinal uses : Root is used for the treatment of nervous disorders. Article 04/2015/ENVIS-Ecology of Eastern Ghats Page 2 of 50 EPTRI‐ENVIS Centre (Ecology of Eastern Ghats) Plant name : Abutilon indicum (L.) Sweet Family : Malvaceae Local name : Thuttutubenda Habit : Herb Fl & Fr time : March – September Part(s) used : Leaves & Roots Medicinal uses : Leaf juice is used for the treatment of toothache. Roots and leaves decoction is given for diuretic and stimulate purgative. Plant name : Abrus precatorius L. Family : Fabaceae Local name : Guruvenda Habit : Herb Fl & Fr time : July – December Part(s) used : Root & Seeds Medicinal uses : Roots used to treat poisonous bite and seed is used to treat leucoderma Plant name : Acalypha indica L.
    [Show full text]
  • Ethnomedicinal, Phytochemical and Ethnopharmacological Aspects of Four Medicinal Plants of Malvaceae Used in Indian Traditional Medicines: a Review
    medicines Review Ethnomedicinal, Phytochemical and Ethnopharmacological Aspects of Four Medicinal Plants of Malvaceae Used in Indian Traditional Medicines: A Review Jasmeet Kaur Abat 1, Sanjay Kumar 2 and Aparajita Mohanty 1,* 1 Department of Botany, Gargi College, Sirifort Road, New Delhi 110049, India; [email protected] 2 Department of Microbiology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana 124001, India; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel: +91-11-2649-4544 Academic Editors: Gerhard Litscher and João Rocha Received: 19 September 2017; Accepted: 16 October 2017; Published: 18 October 2017 Abstract: The ethnomedicinal values of plants form the basis of the herbal drug industry. India has contributed its knowledge of traditional system medicines (Ayurveda and Siddha) to develop herbal medicines with negligible side effects. The World Health Organization has also recognized the benefits of drugs developed from natural products. Abutilon indicum, Hibiscus sabdariffa, Sida acuta and Sida rhombifolia are ethnomedicinal plants of Malvaceae, commonly used in Indian traditional system of medicines. Traditionally these plants were used in the form of extracts/powder/paste by tribal populations of India for treating common ailments like cough and cold, fever, stomach, kidney and liver disorders, pains, inflammations, wounds, etc. The present review is an overview of phytochemistry and ethnopharmacological studies that support many of the traditional ethnomedicinal uses of these plants. Many phytoconstituents have been isolated from the four ethnomedicinal plants and some of them have shown pharmacological activities that have been demonstrated by in vivo and/or in vitro experiments. Ethnomedicinal uses, supported by scientific evidences is essential for ensuring safe and effective utilization of herbal medicines.
    [Show full text]
  • Biology of Cochlochila Bullita Stal As Potential Pest of Orthosiphon Aristatus (Blume) Miq
    UNIVERSITI PUTRA MALAYSIA BIOLOGY OF COCHLOCHILA BULLITA STAL AS POTENTIAL PEST OF ORTHOSIPHON ARISTATUS (BLUME) MIQ. IN MALAYSIA UPM TAN LI PENG COPYRIGHT © FH 2014 2 BIOLOGY OF Cochlochila bullita (STÅL) (HEMIPTERA: TINGIDAE), A POTENTIAL PEST OF Orthosiphon aristatus (BLUME) MIQ. (LAMIALES: LAMIACEAE) IN MALAYSIA UPM By TAN LI PENG Thesis Submitted to the School of Graduate Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, in Fulfilment to the Requirement for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy July 2014 COPYRIGHT © COPYRIGHT All material contained within the thesis, including without limitation text, logos, icons, photographs and all other artwork, is copyright material of Universiti Putra Malaysia unless otherwise stated. Use may be made of any material contained within the thesis for non-commercial purposes from the copyright holder. Commercial use of material may only be made with the express, prior, written permission of Universiti Putra Malaysia. Copyright © Universiti Putra Malaysia UPM COPYRIGHT © Abstract of thesis presented to the Senate of Universiti Putra Malaysia in fulfilment of the requirement for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy BIOLOGY OF Cochlochila bullita (STÅL) (HEMIPTERA: TINGIDAE), A POTENTIAL PEST OF Orthosiphon aristatus (BLUME) MIQ. (LAMIALES: LAMIACEAE) IN MALAYSIA By TAN LI PENG July 2014 Chairman: Prof. Ahmad Said Sajap, PhD UPM Faculty: Forestry Cochlochila bullita (Stål) is an importance pest in some Asia countries such as India, Kanpur and Thailand attacking plants form the genus Ocimum, herein its common name, ocimum tingid. Cochlochila bullita is first recorded in Malaysia in the year 2009, attacking one of the important medicinal herbs in this country, the Orthosiphon aristatus (Blume) Miq. Biology of this pest was studied to get a deeper understanding of this bug associated with O.
    [Show full text]
  • Preliminary Standardization of Bala Moola Ksheerapaka and Atibala
    Int J Ayu Pharm Chem ISSN 2350-0204 www.ijapc.com Preliminary Standardization of Bala Moola Ksheerapaka and Atibala Moola Ksheerapaka – Two Herbal Formulations for Sandhigatavata Author: Manna Mathew1 Co Authors: Jayshree Changade2, Nilima Gangale3, Varghese Jibi4 and Sneha Nambiar5 1-3Dept. of Dravyaguna, Dr D Y Patil College of Ayurveda and RC, Pimpri, Pune, MS, India 4-5Dept. of Kayachikitsa, Dr D Y Patil College of Ayurveda and RC, Pimpri, Pune, MS, India ABSTRACT Kshaya or degeneration is a gradually progressive deterioration and loss of function in the tissues. As vriddhavastha proceeds it leads to kshaya of all the dhatus. This aggravates the vata dosha. Sandhigata vata is a disorder which nearly affects all the aged people. On the basis of symptomolgy it resembles with that of osteoarthritis. Bala and Atibala are ayurvedic drugs which is vatapittahara in nature and commonly used in management of Vatavyadhi. Ksheerapaka of bala and atibala has an additional nutritive value along with curing the disease and hence the study is taken to see the efficacy in Sandhigatavata. Key Words: Sandhigatavata, Bala, Atibala, Ksheerapaka INTRODUCTION shula, shotha and hantisandhigatah i.e diminution Joint pain is a world wide problem. Osteoarthritis of the movement of the joints involved. of the knee joint is one of the major cause of Sandhigatavata is a madhyamarogamargavyadhi functional disability in elderly people. The involving the marma. Dhatukshaya in prevalence of knee osteoarthritis is high. It is vriddhavastha adds to the kashtasadhyata of the associated with pain in knee joint, swelling and disease. poor mobility of joints which makes the patient Ayurveda has propagated the usage of naturally restricted to reduced physical tasks and activities.
    [Show full text]
  • In Vitro Cytotoxic and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Studies on Orthosiphon Stamineus Benth
    Online - 2455-3891 Vol 10, Issue 3, 2017 Print - 0974-2441 Research Article IN VITRO CYTOTOXIC AND GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY-MASS SPECTROMETRY STUDIES ON ORTHOSIPHON STAMINEUS BENTH. (LEAF) AGAINST MCF–7 CELL LINES RENUKA SARAVANAN1, BRINDHA PEMIAH2, MAHESH NARAYANAN1, SIVAKUMAR RAMALINGAM1* 1Department of Chemistry and Biosciences, Srinivasa Ramanujan Centre, SASTRA, University, Kumbakonam, Tamil Nadu, India. 2Centre for Advanced Research in Indian System of Medicine, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India. Email: [email protected] Received: 07 October 2016, Revised and Accepted: 16 December 2016 ABSTRACT Objective: The objective of the study was to determine the anticancer efficacy of Orthosiphon stamineus extract against Michigan Cancer Foundation-7 (MCF-7) and its phytochemical analysis through gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Methods: Different solvents were used for leaf extraction and used for qualitative assay of phytochemicals using standard protocols. Different concentration (12.5, 25, 50, 100, and 200 µg/ml) of methanol extract and ethyl acetate extract of O. stamineus leaves were used to assess the in vitro cytotoxic effect using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Further, the ethyl acetate extract was subjected to GC-MS analysis, and the identification of components was based on the National Institute of Standards and Technology library database. Result: Of the hexane, methanol and ethyl acetate extracts, methanol extract found to contain more of phytochemicals followed by ethyl acetate. The inhibitory concentration 50 for methanol extract and ethyl acetate extract was found be 93.42 µg/ml and 215.3 µg/ml, respectively. GC-MS mass spectrum of ethyl acetate extract revealed the presence of squalene and phytol and antioxidants such as flavones.
    [Show full text]
  • International Journal of Ayurveda and Pharma Research
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by International Journal of Ayurveda and Pharma Research Int. J. Ayur. Pharma Research, 2013; 1(2): 1-9 ISSN 2322 - 0910 International Journal of Ayurveda and Pharma Research Review Article MEDICINAL PROPERTIES OF BALA (SIDA CORDIFOLIA LINN. AND ITS SPECIES) Ashwini Kumar Sharma Lecturer, P.G. Dept. of Dravyaguna, Rishikul Govt. P.G. Ayurvedic College & Hospital, Haridwar, Uttarakhand, India. Received on: 01/10/2013 Revised on: 16/10/2013 Accepted on: 26/10/2013 ABSTRACT The Indian system of medicine, Ayurveda, medical science practiced for a long time for disease free life. It relies mainly upon the medicinal plants (herbs) for the management of various ailments/diseases. Bala (Sida cordifolia Linn.) that is also known as "Indian Ephedra" is a plant drug, which is used in the various medicines in Ayurveda, Unani and Siddha system of medicine since ages. It has good medicinal value and useful to treat diseases like fever, weight loss, asthma, chronic bowel complaints and nervous system disease and acts as analgesic, anti- inflammatory, hypoglycemic activities etc. Bala is described as Rasayan, Vishaghana, Balya and Pramehaghna in the Vedic literature. Caraka described Bala under Balya, Brumhani dashaimani, while Susruta described both Bala and Atibala in Madhur skandha. It is extensively used for Ayurvedic therapeutics internally as well as externally. The root of the herb is used as a good tonic and immunomodulator. Atibala is in Atharva Parisista along with Bala and other drugs. Caraka described it among the Balya group of drugs whereas Carakapani considered it as Pitbala.
    [Show full text]
  • SPECIES L RESEARCH ARTICLE
    SPECIES l RESEARCH ARTICLE Species Sexual systems, pollination 22(69), 2021 modes and fruiting ecology of three common herbaceous weeds, Aerva lanata (L.) Juss. Ex Schult., Allmania nodiflora (L.) To Cite: Solomon Raju AJ, Mohini Rani S, Lakshminarayana G, R.Br. and Pupalia lappacea (L.) Venkata Ramana K. Sexual systems, pollination modes and fruiting ecology of three common herbaceous weeds, Aerva lanata (L.) Juss. Ex Schult., Allmania nodiflora (L.) R.Br. and Juss. (Family Amaranthaceae: Pupalia lappacea (L.) Juss. (Family Amaranthaceae: Sub-family Amaranthoideae). Species, 2021, 22(69), 43-55 Sub-family Amaranthoideae) Author Affiliation: 1,2Department of Environmental Sciences, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam 530 003, India Solomon Raju AJ1, Mohini Rani S2, Lakshminarayana 3Department of Environmental Sciences, Gayathri Vidya Parishad College for Degree & P.G. Courses (Autonomous), G3, Venkata Ramana K4 M.V.P. Colony, Visakhapatnam 530 017, India 4Department of Botany, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam 530 003, India ABSTRACT Correspondent author: A.J. Solomon Raju, Mobile: 91-9866256682 Aerva lanata and Pupalia lappacea are perennial herbs while Allmania nodiflora is an Email:[email protected] annual herb. A. lanata is dioecious with bisexual and female plants while P. lappacea and A. nodiflora are hermaphroditic. In P. lappacea, the flowers are borne as triads Peer-Review History with one hermaphroditic fertile flower and two sterile flowers alternately along the Received: 25 December 2020 entire length of racemose inflorescence. A. lanata and A. nodiflora flowers are Reviewed & Revised: 26/December/2020 to 27/January/2021 nectariferous while P. lappacea flowers are nectarless. The hermaphroditic flowers of Accepted: 28 January 2021 Published: February 2021 A.
    [Show full text]
  • ISSN 2320-5407 International Journal of Advanced Research (2014), Volume 2, Issue 11, 204-226
    ISSN 2320-5407 International Journal of Advanced Research (2014), Volume 2, Issue 11, 204-226 Journal homepage: http://www.journalijar.com INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADVANCED RESEARCH RESEARCH ARTICLE Anatomical and Phytochemical Studies on Ocimum basilicum L. Plant (Lamiaceae) Mohamed Abd El-Aziz Nassar, Mohamed Usama El-Segai and Samah Naguib Azoz Department of Agric. Bot., Fac. of Agric., Cairo Univ., Giza, Egypt Manuscript Info Abstract Manuscript History: The present study is concerned with histological features of Basil plant Received: 15 September 2014 (Ocimum basilicum L.). Various organs of vegetative growth; namely, the Final Accepted: 25 October 2014 main stem (represented by shoot apex, apical, median and basal internode) Published Online: November 2014 and different foliage leaves developed on the main stem and on lateral shoot; Key words: including lamina and petiole were investigated fortnightly throughout the Ocimum basilicum L., Basil, whole growing season. Histological features of various vegetative organs of Lamiaceae, Anatomy, Basil plant were analysed microscopically and photomicrographed. Scanning Vegetative organs, Volatile electron microscope for the adaxial and abaxial surfaces of Basil leaf blade oil. was also investigated. Moreover, volatile oil analysis of Basil herb at full blooming stage was carried out. *Corresponding Author Samah Naguib Azoz [email protected] Copy Right, IJAR, 2014,. All rights reserved Introduction The genus Ocimum Linn. belongs to the tribe Ocimeae, subfamily Nepetoideae, family Lamiaceae and the order Lamiales. It is one of the economically important groups of aromatic herbaceous plants extensively used in perfumery, flavouring and pharmaceutical products (Khosla,1993). There are about 150 species in this genus broadly dispersed over the warm regions of the globe (Evans, 2001 and Kumar,2009).
    [Show full text]
  • Morphological Characteristics and Susceptibility of Basil Species and Cultivars to Peronospora Belbahrii
    DISEASE AND PEST MANAGEMENT HORTSCIENCE 51(11):1389–1396. 2016. doi: 10.21273/HORTSCI09778-16 P. Belbahrii, was first reported in Uganda in 1932 as Peronospora sp. and later in 1937 as Peronospora lamii (Hansford, 1933, Morphological Characteristics and 1938). BDM was not reported again until 2001 in Switzerland (Heller and Baroffio, Susceptibility of Basil Species and 2003). After this initial confirmation, other countries throughout Europe, the Mediter- Cultivars to Peronospora belbahrii ranean, and continents across the world reported BDM for the first time (Belbahri Kathryn Homa et al., 2005; Kofoet et al., 2008; Lefort et al., Department of Plant Biology and Pathology, Rutgers University, Foran Hall, 59 2008; McGrath, 2011). This pathogen was Dudley Road, New Brunswick, NJ 08901-8520; and IR-4 Project Headquarters, first reported in the United States in 2007 in southern Florida (Roberts et al., 2009). Rutgers University, 500 College Road East, Suite 201W, Princeton 08540 Since then, the disease has spread across the William P. Barney continental United States and Hawaii (Wye- nandt et al., 2015). Although the epidemiol- IR-4 Project Headquarters, Rutgers University, 500 College Road East, Suite ogy of the pathogen is not completely 201W, Princeton 08540 understood, BDM appears to have been spread globally via infested seed as well as Daniel L. Ward and Christian A. Wyenandt through wind currents (Thines et al., 2009; Department of Plant Biology and Pathology, Rutgers University, Rutgers Wyenandt et al., 2015). Agricultural Research and Extension Center, 121 Northville Road, Over 5000 ha of sweet basil is grown in Bridgeton, NJ 08302 the United States on an annual basis (J.E.
    [Show full text]
  • Download (1MB)
    UNIVERSITI PUTRA MALAYSIA GROWTH, PHYTOCHEMICAL AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF Orthosiphon stamineus BENTH. IN RESPONSE TO ORGANIC AMENDMENT, FERTILIZER AND HARVEST DATE ESTHER YAP SHIAU PING FP 2016 34 GROWTH, PHYTOCHEMICAL AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF Orthosiphon stamineus BENTH. IN RESPONSE TO ORGANIC AMENDMENT, FERTILIZER AND HARVEST DATE UPM By ESTHER YAP SHIAU PING COPYRIGHT Thesis Submitted to the School of Graduate Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, in Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of © Master of Science June 2016 COPYRIGHT All material contained within the thesis, including without limitation text, logos, icons, photographs and all other artwork, is copyright material of Universiti Putra Malaysia unless otherwise stated. Use may be made of any material contained within the thesis for non-commercial purposes from the copyright holder. Commercial use of material may only be made with the express, prior, written permission of Universiti Putra Malaysia. Copyright © Universiti Putra Malaysia UPM COPYRIGHT © DEDICATION Dedicated to my beloved parents, Yap Lian Huat and Teoh Sok Em, my sister, Estina Yap Shiau Yih for their endless love, support, understandings, sacrifices, motivation, advice and encouragement. UPM COPYRIGHT © Abstract of thesis presented to the Senate of Universiti Putra Malaysia in fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of Master of Science GROWTH, PHYTOCHEMICAL AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF Orthosiphon stamineus BENTH. IN RESPONSE TO ORGANIC AMENDMENT, FERTILIZER AND HARVEST DATE By ESTHER YAP SHIAU PING June 2016 UPM Chairperson : Siti Hajar Ahmad, PhD Faculty : Agriculture Orthosiphon stamineus have been identified by Malaysian Department of Agriculture with the potential to be developed as complementary and alternative medicine. O. stamineus acts as a diuretic agent and has nephroprotective, antifungal, antimicrobial and antipyretic properties.
    [Show full text]