DOCSLIB.ORG

Clues to Ocean Chemistry Found in Permanently Ice-Covered Antarctic Lakes

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Clues to Ocean Chemistry Found in Permanently Ice-Covered Antarctic Lakes presents The Planet Ocean Seminar Series The Planet Ocean Seminar Series offers an op por tu ni ty for the greater Wilmington community to benefi t directly from the topics of in for ma tion available to the Center in its study areas. The Planet Ocean Seminar Series is free and open to the public. The seminar is held in the main auditorium at the UNCW Center for Marine Science, 5600 Marvin K. Moss Lane. The seminar will begin promptly at 6:30 p.m. in the auditorium. A reception with light hors d’oeuvres will follow. Due to limited seating, reservations are required. Advanced registration for Blue Fish Society mem- bers will begin April 13, 2005. The general public may begin registration on April 14, 2005. UNCW Center for Marine Science 5600 Marvin K. Moss Lane Wilmington, NC 28409 Clues to Ocean Chemistry Found in Permanently Ice-Covered Antarctic Lakes with Dr. Bess Ward Princeton University Tuesday, May 3, 2005, 6:30 p.m. Clues to Ocean Chemistry Found in Permanantly Ice-Covered Antarctic Lakes with Dr. Bess Ward s any backyard gardener will tell you, our project is based in lakes, but the rationale for Aecosystems are limited by the availability working in that exotic environment is to learn of nitrogen. Some regions have seen dramatic about the global nitrogen cycle, specifically the increases in rates of nitrogen depositions. process of denitrification, which occurs only in Changes can be the result of natural biological certain regions of the ocean and is an essential processes. They can also be affected by the link in the global nitrogen activities of man. cycle. itrogen compounds cycle through the air, r. Ward received her Naquatic systems and soil. As increasing DPh.D. in Biological quantities of nitrogen are injected into the Oceanography at the environment, the global nitrogen cycle is altered. University of Washington. This could have grave impacts on biodiversity, She spent several years global warming, water quality, food production, doing research at Scripps human health and beyond. The full implications Institute of Oceanography of changes in the nitrogen cycle are not fully in La Jolla, California before taking a tenure- understood, nor appreciated. tracked position at the University of California at Santa Cruz. There her work evolved into r. Bess Ward is studying in the Antarctic molecular microbial ecology. She currently Dwhich is among the most extreme teaches and conducts research at Princeton environments on the planet and provides very University, Department of Geosciences. sensitive indicators of nitrogen level changes. hroughout her career, Dr. Ward’s research has Tfocused on many aspects of biogeochemistry and molecular microbial ecology. The Antarctic Please join us for the fourth and final seminar in the 2004-2005 Planet Ocean series: Center for Marine Science 5600 Marvin K. Moss Lane Clues to Ocean Chemistry Wilmington, NC 28409 Found in Permanently Ice-Covered Antarctic Lakes To reserve seats, call Center for Marine Science with Dr. Bess Ward 910-962-2301 For directions or more information about CMS, May 3, 2005 please visit our website: www.uncw.edu/cmsr UNCW Center for Marine Science Auditorium Accommodations for disabilities may be requested by Seminar 6:30 p.m. / Reception 7:30 p.m. contacting CMS three days prior to the event. 000 copies of this public document were printed at a cost of $00.00 or 00.00 per copy (G.S. 143-170.1) • An EEO/AA Institution Printed on recycled paper.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Princeton Researchers Go to the End of the Earth for the World's Oldest
    Newsletter of the Department of Geosciences SPRING 2016 | V O L . 5 5 N O . 1 Base camp is a “small-family situation” of people confined to small tents striving to stay busy, keep warm and get along, Higgins relates. “Everyone got along really well, but it’s Antarctica, so it’s never going to be especially pleasant.” The isolation can be perilous in an emergency. In 2010, Higgins developed a severe toothache. He hopped an hour-long resupply flight back to McMurdo Station where he had a root canal performed. He returned to camp on the next supply flight a week later. Photo by Sean Mackay, Boston University Princeton researchers go to the end of the Earth for the world’s oldest ice By Morgan Kelly, Office of Communications proportional — as one increased so did the other. The ice is stored in Princeton’s Guyot Hall When one is already in possession of the in a freezer kept at -30º C. world’s oldest chunk of ice, perhaps it’s only But Higgins wants to go further back in time. natural to want to go older. He and four other researchers returned to the John Higgins, a Princeton University assistant Allan Hills for seven weeks from mid-November professor of geosciences, led a team of research- to mid-January hoping to come away with even ers who reported in 2015 the recovery of a older ice, preferably 1.5 million to 2 million years 1-million-year-old ice core from the remote Allan old. The work is supported by a $700,000 grant Hills of Antarctica, the oldest ice ever recorded from the National Science Foundation.
    [Show full text]
  • 9 Author Page MH SA.Indd
    Vol 461 | Issue no. 7260 | 3 September 2009 AUTHORS Abstractions MAKING THE PAPER LAST AUTHOR Bess Ward Despite numerous medical advances, heart disease remains a dominant cause Nitrogen loss in the oceans is a of death worldwide. Many genuine puzzle still to be solved. fish and amphibians can regenerate and repair Why are some areas of the world’s oceans rich damaged heart tissue; in plant growth, whereas others are biologi- humans, unfortunately, cannot. However, cal deserts? The answer is that more than half work by Benoit Bruneau at the Gladstone the ocean has too little nitrogen to support the Institute of Cardiovascular Disease in San growth of microscopic plants, or phytoplank- Francisco, California, and his colleagues has ton. But where does the missing nitrogen go? European investigators had devised new meth- thrown light on the little-understood topic For decades most oceanographers, includ- ods for measuring anammox and denitrifica- of mammalian and reptilian heart evolution. ing Bess Ward at Princeton University in New tion in small (10 millilitre) samples of ocean Two findings, which centre on how the protein Tbx5 regulates the growth of a subset of heart Jersey, thought ‘denitrification’ was responsi- water. “The methods were so new and so dif- cells, may lead to new treatments for human ble for virtually all nitrogen loss in the ocean. ferent that a lot of people were suspicious there heart disease. The first revelation was that In oxygen-poor areas of the ocean, anaero- might be some artefact involved,” says Ward. this protein, along with two others, could be bic bacteria, which do not rely on oxygen for “So Jeremy visited some of our European col- manipulated to induce embryonic mouse cells their growth, use biologically available forms leagues and learned the methods, so we could to develop into cardiac cells (J.
    [Show full text]
  • [email protected] Website: Sarahefawcett.Wordpress.Com; Aceprojectxii.Wordpress.Com
    SARAH E. FAWCETT Department of Oceanography, University of Cape Town 134 R.W. James Building Tel: 021-650-5369 Email: [email protected] Website: sarahefawcett.wordpress.com; aceprojectxii.wordpress.com RESEARCH APPOINTMENTS Lecturer, Department of Oceanography, University of Cape Town, August 2015–present Postdoctoral Research Associate, Department of Geosciences, Princeton University (host: Professor Daniel Sigman and Professor Bess Ward), July 2012–July 2015 Research Technician, Geochemical Oceanography Lab, Harvard University, July 2006–July 2007 RESEARCH INTERESTS Chemical oceanography, marine biogeochemistry, isotope (bio)geochemistry, nitrogen and carbon cycling, Southern Ocean, Benguela upwelling system, subtropical gyres, ocean productivity, phytoplankton diversity, flow cytometry, palaeoceanography, climate EDUCATION Princeton University, Princeton, NJ USA Ph.D. Geosciences, June 2012 (in conjunction with the Princeton Geosciences/Bermuda Institute of Ocean Sciences (BIOS) Joint Graduate Program in Oceanography) Dissertation: Nitrate assimilation by eukaryotic phytoplankton as a central characteristic of ocean productivity Advisors: Bess Ward and Daniel Sigman (Princeton University), Michael Lomas (BIOS) M.A. Geosciences, September 2009 Project: Phytoplankton succession and nitrogen utilization during the development of an upwelling bloom Advisor: Bess Ward Harvard University, Cambridge, MA USA B.A. (Hons.) cum laude, Earth and Planetary Sciences, June 2006 Honours thesis: Reassessment of the timing of the Holocene initiation of the Great Barrier Reef, and an investigation of climatic conditions during its growth Advisors: Daniel Schrag (Harvard University), Jody Webster (JCU, Australia) Minor, Spanish language and literature, studied at Universidad de Sevilla, Spain, January–July 2005 PUBLICATIONS (*student first author) 1) Smart, S.M., Ren, H., Fawcett, S.E., Schiebel, R., Conte, M., Rafter, P.A., Ellis, K.K., Weigand, M.A., Sigman, D.M., Haug, G.H.
    [Show full text]
  • Xiao Liu (刘潇) Ph.D
    C URRICULUM V ITAE U PDATED: J UNE 2019 Xiao Liu (刘潇) Ph.D. THE PROGRAM IN ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC SCIENCES, PRINCETON UNIVERSITY 201 Forrestal Rd, Rm 301, Princeton, NJ 08540; +1 (609)452-6673 [email protected] | http://scholar.princeton.edu/xiaoliu EDUCATION 2017 Ph.D. Ocean Sciences, University of Southern California. Advisors: Naomi M. Levine (2013-2017), Burt Jones (2011-2012) 2011 M.S. Marine Biology, Virginia Institute of Marine Science, College of William and Mary. Advisor: Walker O. Smith, Jr. 2008 B.S. Biological Sciences w/ marine concentration, Ocean University of China ACADEMIC POSITIONS 2017-now Postdoctoral Research Associate, Program in Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, Princeton University; Visiting Scientist, NOAA Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory 2013,14 Visiting Scholar (summer), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology 2012-14 Teaching Assistant (BISC-120L, 220L), Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California 2011, 14-17 Graduate Research Fellow, Department of Earth Sciences, University of Southern California 2008-11 Graduate Research Assistant, Virginia Institute of Marine Science, College of William and Mary HONORS, AWARDS, AND GRANTS 2020-23 (Pending) Simons Postdoctoral Fellowship in Marine Microbial Ecology ($261,000 requested) 2015-17 Graduate School Top-off Fellowship, University of Southern California ($20,000) 2014-17 NASA Earth and Space Sciences Graduate Fellowship (NESSF, $89,400) 2014 IOCCG Sponsored Participant for the Ocean Optics Summer Lecture Series at Villefranche-sur- Mer, France (full travel support) 2013 Award for Outstanding Teaching (Fa. BISC-120L, top 20%), University of Southern California 2013 OCB Sponsored Participant for the Satellite Remote Sensing Training Program at Cornell University (tuition and full travel support) 2013,14 Award for Outstanding Teaching (Sp.
    [Show full text]
  • The Department of Geosciences at Princeton University Cover: Schoene Research Group Field Work in Southwestern Colorado, Summer 2014
    Guyot Science The Department of Geosciences at Princeton University Cover: Schoene research group field work in southwestern Colorado, summer 2014. Photo courtesy of C. Brenhin Keller. Guyot Science A Summary of the Research Progress and Accomplishments made by the Faculty Members of the Department of Geosciences Climate, biogeochemical cycles and planetary tectonics are the three basic processes that shape the Earth system. Geoscientists face a unique challenge in seeking to understand the complexity of the Earth’s physical and biogeochemical systems. The surface environment of the Earth is controlled by interactions between the deep Earth, the atmosphere, the hydrosphere and the biosphere. These interactions occur on timescales ranging from picoseconds for chemical reactions on particle surfaces to the billions of years over which plate tectonic processes and biological evolution have radically altered the composition of the atmosphere, and in space from nanometer to planetary scales. Princeton’s Department of Geosciences is at the forefront of scientific discovery in the solid earth, the environmental geosciences and oceanography/ climate science. Our faculty and students address critical societal issues, such as climate change and geo- logic hazards, through research and education at all levels. Our mission is to understand Earth’s history and its future, the energy and resources required to support an increasing global population, and the challenge of sustainability in a changing climate. Geosciences Faculty (Left to Right): Lincoln Hollister (emeritus), Jessica Irving, George Philander, Stephan Fueglistaler, David Medvigy, Daniel Sigman, Adam Maloof, Jorge Sarmiento, Bess Ward (chair), Jeroen Tromp, Thomas Duffy, Satish Myneni, Gerta Keller, Blair Schoene, François Morel, Frederik Simons, Michael Bender (emeritus) and Allan Rubin.
    [Show full text]
  • Microbial Community Responses to Ocean Deoxygenation
    SCOR Working Group Proposal Microbial Community Responses to Ocean Deoxygenation Summary: Water column oxygen (O2) deficiency shapes food web structure by progressively directing nutrients and energy away from higher trophic levels and into microbial community metabolism. There is increasing evidence that ocean warming trends will decrease dissolved O2 concentrations within the coastal and interior regions of the ocean, resulting in oxygen minimum zone (OMZ) expansion. These processes will directly impact coastal benthic ecosystems and fisheries productivity due to habitat compression and changes in nutrient cycles with currently unconstrained feedbacks on the global ocean. Our SCOR working group will catalyze knowledge creation at the forefront of research on microbial community responses to changing levels of water column O2-deficiency. We will unite oceanographers, microbial ecologists and biogeochemists to define model ecosystems, new standards of practice, and economies of scale needed for effective comparative analyses and enhanced forecasts of ocean deoxygenation. Our deliverables will include one field experience, two program meetings, a white paper on best practices, and a peer-reviewed monograph. Objectives and timeliness: Direct quantitative comparisons of microbial community structure and function in O2-deficient marine waters are currently stymied by a lack of standards for process rate and molecular data collection. This deficiency prevents cross- scale analysis linking the genotypic properties of microbial communities to
    [Show full text]
  • 1 Oceanic Methane and Nitrous Oxide
    Oceanic Methane and Nitrous Oxide: The Present Situation and Future Scenarios Workshop organizers: Sam Wilson (University of Hawaii), Bonnie Chang (University of Washington), Curtis Deutsch (University of Washington), John Kessler (University of Rochester), Tina Treude (University California Los Angeles), Dave Valentine (University California Santa Barbara), Bess Ward (Princeton University) Aim: The overall aim of this workshop is to identify as a community the oceanic regions which are most susceptible to long-term changes in water-column methane and nitrous oxide concentrations. This assessment comes at a critical time as the ocean inventory of methane and nitrous oxide is anticipated to be affected by the ever-increasing effects of climate change which will thereby cause the emission of these greenhouse gases to the overlying atmosphere to vary. We will assess our ability as a global community to measure and predict these future changes by evaluating our biogeochemical understanding of the relevant processes, our analytical capabilities (e.g. laboratory and sensor-based measurements) and our observational capacities (e.g. ship and remote measurements) which all feed into our modeled predictions. The outcome of this workshop will be a report which lists the research priorities for both measuring and modeling future oceanic concentrations of methane and nitrous oxide. Key Questions Where are the critical locations in the global oceans to measure dissolved methane and nitrous oxide in order to document long-term changes to the oceans
    [Show full text]
  • US IIOE–2 Ac Vi Es and Plans
    US IIOE–2 Acvies and Plans Raleigh Hood and the US IIOE-2 Steering Commiee IIOE 50th Anniversary Symposium Goa, India, December, 4, 2015 Overview of Ongoing & Planned US Research in the Indian Ocean, 2015-2020 Bay of Bengal: NRL, ASIRI (OMM and EBOB, present – 2015) Arabian Sea: LORI observatory (Oman) Zooplankton off of Oman (NSF) Noctiluca blooms (NSF/NASA) NASCar circulation gliders/drifters (ONR) Interest/Planned: Nitrous oxide Interest/Planned: Bio-Argo Southwestern Indian Ocean: Agulhas Circulation, ASCA (NSF-funded) Interest/Planned: Marion Rise (NSF) Eastern Indian Ocean and ITF: Interest/Planned: ITF carbon and nutrient fluxes (NSF) Interest/Planned: YMC Atmosphere-Ocean (NSF, NASA) IO Southern Ocean: Bio-Argo (2017, NSF-funded) Repeat Hydrography: GO-SHIP planning (2015 and beyond) IODP: Multiple Expeditions to study seafloor, geology, etc. (2015 and beyond) NOAA/RAMA: Complete RAMA Array, 2015-2020, pending NSF/NASA/NOAA: Interest/Planned: US participation in EIOURI and WIOURI Bay of Bengal (current) (sources: http://shipsked.ucsd.edu/Schedules/2013/) ASIRI OMM (with India) and EBOB (with Sri Lanka) – BOB Freshwater Effects on IO Monsoon (Naval Research Laboratory and ONR) Air-sea interactions & upper-ocean processes, water exchanges, BOB & SE Arabian Sea, radiating semi-diurnal tides from Adaman Sea Experimental & modeling, six long-range mooring deployments (Sri Lankan Dome), ADCPs, chi-pod sensors, Dec 2013 - 2015 Survey cruises completed, R/V REVELLE Arabian Sea (current) Lighthouse Project (Steve DiMarco) – LORI 1 & 2 cabled observatory, Sea of Oman, since 2005, seismic, currents, guide ship traffic, tsunami warnings Sharon Smith (NSF) – Post SW Monsoon zooplankton sampling, Masirah Island Joaquim Goes – NSF & NASA-funded, satellite algorithms & du Vall et al.
    [Show full text]
  • Community Composition of Bacteria Involved in Fixed Nitrogen Loss in the Water Column of Two Major Oxygen Minimum Zones in the Ocean
    Vol. 70: 245–259, 2013 AQUATIC MICROBIAL ECOLOGY Published online October 16 doi: 10.3354/ame01654 Aquat Microb Ecol FREEREE ACCESSCCESS FEATURE ARTICLE Community composition of bacteria involved in fixed nitrogen loss in the water column of two major oxygen minimum zones in the ocean Amal Jayakumar*, Xuefeng Peng, Bess B. Ward Department of Geosciences, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA ABSTRACT: The community composition of bacteria involved in nitrogen (N) transformations in the oxy- gen minimum zones (OMZ) may be related to the rates of fixed N loss in these systems. The abundance of both denitrifying and anammox bacteria and the assemblage composition of denitrifiers were investi- gated in the Eastern Tropical South Pacific and the Arabian Sea using assays based on bacterial molecu- lar markers. Quantitative PCR was used to investi- gate the abundance and distribution of genes encod- ing nitrite reductase (nirK and nirS) in denitrifying bacteria and hydrazine oxidase (hzo) and 16S rRNA genes in anammox bacteria. All of these genes had depth distributions with maxima associated with the secondary nitrite maximum in low-oxygen waters. NirS was much more abundant than nirK and much Nitrogen removal genes (yellow curve) peaked at the top of more abundant than the 16S rRNA gene from anam- the OMZ (red curve shows O2 concentration). The nirS mox bacteria. The ratio of hzo:16S rRNA was low and assemblage differed between oxic (upper array) and OMZ variable, implying greater unexplored diversity in (lower array) waters and between oceanic regions. the hzo gene. Assemblage composition of the abun- Image: Bess Ward dant nirS-type denitrifiers was evaluated using a functional gene microarray.
    [Show full text]
  • What's New: the Legacy of François M. M. Morel
    THE LEGACY OF FRANÇOIS M. M. MOREL “What’s New?” Geosciences Chair Bess Ward and Professor Morel caught in one of the many moments of humor and laughter at Guyot Hall, in 2009. Credit: Eva Groves François M. M. Morel Contact Information Albert G. Blanke, Jr., Professor of Geosciences, Associated Faculty at the Departments of Chemistry and Civil and Environmental Engineering, Princeton University Office: 153 Guyot Hall Washington Road Princeton NJ 08544 Phone: (609) 258-2416 Fax: (609) 258-5242 E-mail: [email protected] Website: morel.princeton.edu Assistant: Eva Groves E-mail: [email protected] On the Cover: (Upper left) François in Florence, Italy, c. 1992. (Left-side) Scanning electron micrographs of diatoms and coccolithophores. (Top-right) François in front of Guyot Hall, c. 2000. (Center-left) Jim Morgan, François and Werner Stumm in Küsnacht, 1983. (Center-right) François’ last lecture in Room 10, Guyot Hall, 2018 by Eva Groves. (Bottom-left) Alaskan landscape image by Dalin Shi. (Bottom-center) Cadmium, carbonic anhydrase. (CDCA) (Bottom-right) Sunset on a research cruise by Yeala Shaked. François Morel’s Fête June 10 & 11, 2018 Registration Completed Through EventBrite Packet Pick-up Sunday Morning at McCosh 50 SUNDAY, JUNE 10, 2018 8:00 a.m. – 9:30 a.m. Breakfast & Registration McCosh 50 (Door #7) 9:30 a.m. – 10:30 a.m. Plenary Talk McCosh 50 10:30 a.m. Break 10:45 a.m. – 11:45 a.m. Plenary Talk McCosh 50 11:45 a.m. Group Photo Woodrow Wilson School (WWS) Fountain 12N – 1:30 p.m. Boxed Lunch Weickart Atrium 1:30 p.m.
    [Show full text]
  • BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH Dept. of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, Ph
    BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH JEREMY J. RICH Dept. of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, ph (401) 863-6278 Center for Environmental Studies fax (401) 863-3503 Box 1943, Brown University [email protected] Providence, RI 02912 PROFESSIONAL PREPARATION University of Wisconsin–Madison Natural Sciences B.S. 1996 University of Maine Microbiology M.S. 1998 Oregon State University Soil Science Ph.D. 2003 Princeton University Microbial Biology Postdoc 2004-2007 APPOINTMENTS Assist. Prof. Research, Ecol. & Evol. Biol. and Environ. Stud., Brown University, 2010-present Assist. Prof. Research, Environmental Studies, Brown University, 2007-2010 Postdoctoral Research Associate, Geosciences, Princeton University, 2006-2007 Instructor, Princeton Environmental Institute, Princeton University, Spring 2006 NSF Microbial Biology Postdoctoral Fellow, Geosciences, Princeton University, 2004-2006 Postdoc Research Assoc., Crop and Soil Science, Oregon State University, Fall 2003 Graduate Research Assist., Crop and Soil Sci., Oregon State University, 1998-2003 Graduate Research Assist., Microbiology and Darling Center, University of Maine, 1996-1998 FIVE MOST CLOSELY RELATED PUBLICATIONS Bulow, SE, Rich JJ, Naik HS, Pratihary AK, Ward BB. 2010. Denitrification exceeds anammox as a nitrogen loss pathway in the Arabian Sea oxygen minimum zone. Deep-Sea Research part I 57: 384-393. Ward BB, Devol AH, Rich JJ, Chang BX, Bulow SE, Naik H, Pratihary A, Jayakumar A. 2009. Denitrification as the dominant nitrogen loss process in the Arabian Sea. Nature 461: 78-81. Shrestha J, Rich JJ, Ehrenfeld JG, Jaffe PR. 2009. Oxidation of ammonium to nitrite under iron- reducing conditions in wetland soils: laboratory, field demonstrations, and push-pull rate determination. Soil Science 174: 156-164. Ward BB, Tuit CB, Jayakumar A, Rich JJ, Moffett J, Naqvi SWA.
    [Show full text]
  • The Smilodon, Newsletter of the Department of Geosciences
    Newsletter of the Department of Geosciences SPRING 2019 | V O L . 5 8 N O . 1 Photograph taken by graduate student Jack Murphy of a fellow researcher enjoying mountain vistas in the Yukon, Canada. (See “Jack Murphy, Field-based geochemistry” on p. 6) Geosciences Student Research Fund Updates The Geosciences Student Research Fund money to pursue related new ideas and proposals. (GSRF) was announced in the spring 2015 Students may apply to use the funds for purposes Smilodon. The GSRF was implemented to that include, but are not limited to, field research, support both graduate and undergraduate ocean voyages, Arctic/Antarctic research trips, lab research opportunities in the department. The analyses and computational studies. funds were set up to allow students to pursue A requirement of GSRF funding is to submit research topics that most interest them, inde- a 150 word summary for publication in the Smilodon. pendent of the availability of federal grant fund- Those summaries appear on pages 2-8 of this ing. The GSRF helps students to investigate issue. the most promising avenues of science and If you would like further information on the undertake entirely new, and unproven, areas research please contact either the student or their of research that might be too speculative to adviser. If you would like more information regard- receive government funding. This support also ing funding, please contact Nora Zelizer (nzelizer@ supplements grant funding by serving as seed princeton.edu) or Bess Ward ([email protected]). 1 Emily Geyman ’19 collecting samples on the coastline of Andros Island in the Bahamas.
    [Show full text]