The Tom Scott COLLECTION Selling Exhibition – Part I

Carter Marsh Co.

Winchester 4th – 25th July 2015

Carter Marsh Co. FINE CLOCKS AND WATCHES

The Tom Scott Collection Selling Exhibition – Part I Saturday 4th July to Saturday 25th July 2015

We are immensely privileged to be selling the most important collection of English clocks to come on the market in the UK since the Wetherfield collection in 1928. Early in his collecting career, the late Tom Scott recognised and appreciated the extraordinary horological contribution made by Thomas Tompion and his The late Tom Scott successor, George Graham. These clockmakers became Tom’s primary interest and his acquisitions included not only three Tompion full grande sonnerie clocks but also items by makers apprenticed or associated to these great masters; these clocks make up over half of his collection. Tom was not exclusive in his interest, and other premier makers such as Knibb and Quare are also well represented. Many of the important items need little introduction, as their significance is both recognised and well documented; these represent a once in a lifetime’s opportunity for collectors to acquire clocks of this gravity and significance. In testimony to Tom’s discerning and shrewd collecting ability, with guidance from Richard Garnier, even the more unassuming clocks in the collection are, almost invariably, interesting and unusual in their own right, so as well as the iconic pieces there are also many other desirable and beautiful horological examples, all priced at a very affordable and competitive level. There is very little duplication in the collection but, with over 100 items, we have split it into two selling exhibitions, both in our Winchester premises, with the second starting in November 2015. Tom had always intended to share his extraordinary enthusiasm for clocks with others and he had two specific wishes: to have a book written based on his collection and to exhibit his clocks for everyone to enjoy. To this end, we are honoured to be able to fulfil both of Tom’s ambitions: Jonathan Carter • The Golden Age of English Horology by Garnier & Carter. The Square Press, Winchester 2015, a hardback limited edition of 500.

• Highlights from the Tom Scott Collection, Masterpiece London. Stand D11 from 24th June to 1st July 2015 - with a stand over twice our usual size, the highlights include the most important examples from the whole collection.

Finally, we hope you will enjoy our first selling exhibition catalogue, and look forward to welcoming you to Winchester and Masterpiece London to view this extraordinary and wonderful collection.

Darrell Dipper Jonathan and Darrell Tom Scott Tom Scott grew up in Nottingham and, on leaving school, joined his father in the motor trade. Very soon after, his father acquired his 1944-2012 first mobile crane, and hired it out with Tom as operator. The firm was built up rapidly, in 1975 buying the world’s largest telescopic crane. In 1981 they bought Greenham Plant Hire from Taylor Woodrow, a subsidiary then making a loss of £1M a year, but within six months the newly-acquired company, renamed Scott Greenham, was turned round into profit. Floated on the London Stock Exchange in the early 1980s, in 1987 it was sold to BET plc for £75M.

Tom then settled in the Channel Islands on Guernsey, soon being appointed Chairman of Guernsey Gas, which by the time of its sale in 2005 he had built up tenfold. He worked a similar transformation at Channel Television, subsequently turning it into a property investment and development company, renamed ComProp, and sold it to CI Traders Ltd who appointed Tom chairman, and on the subsequent sale of that company in 2007 Tom purchased its development sites, also acquiring ComProp.

Having in later years moved to Jersey, Tom was actively involved in both commercial property and the Jacksons Motor Mall motor car business in Guernsey, Jersey and elsewhere, handling 75% of manufacturer franchises across the Channel Islands, including all the German brands, Bentley and Aston Martin.

Tom also had a 1500 acre estate in Leicestershire where Pedigree Charolais (1st prizes at Royal Show on repeated occasions) were bred, plus running a commercial flock of sheep and arable farming activity. His other farming interests were in Hungary and the Ukraine.

He began seriously donating to charities some 20 years ago, totalling over £10M. The charities he supported included Prostate Action and the Animal Health Trust, plus he donated the playing-field and funded the clubhouse and associated facilities for the Guernsey Rugby Club, HRH Princess Anne graciously officiating at its opening, she also attending on the same day a charity gala event held by Tom, at which £250k was raised for Prostate Action and the same for the Animal Health Trust.

Tom began to seriously collect clocks in the late 1980s and rapidly built up one of the foremost collections ever assembled of classic English clocks from the period 1660-1780, totalling over 100 pieces. He was probably the owner of the largest group of clocks by the most pre-eminent of English clockmakers, Thomas Tompion, including many of royal provenance. He also acquired and restored the most important Tompion clock ever made, a year-going spring clock with hour and quarter strike, perpetual calendar and equation of time – that is showing the differing rate of solar time in relation to regular mean time, which has now been named the Scott- Cumberland Tompion in his memory.

Our business has been dealing in antique clocks and watches from 32a, The Square since 1947. Together we have unparalleled experience in the field, with particular emphasis on the finest early English clockmakers. This heritage has helped the company to handle some of the world’s most iconic horological pieces, and this continues today. Carter, Marsh & Co. holds the unique position of being able to assist our customers with a full restoration and conservation service for their clocks, watches and barometers. This service is provided by our own professionally trained clock, watch and cabinetmakers.

The Golden Age of English Horology Masterpieces from the Tom Scott Collection by Richard Garnier & Jonathan Carter

Published 2015 by The Square Press – 488 sumptuously illustrated pages 32A THE SQUARE including recent discoveries, such WINCHESTER as the Scott-Cumberland Tompion, SO23 9EX reattribution of the provenances of TEL: +44 (0)1962 844443 two royal clocks, and new previously unpublished listings for George Graham and Daniel Quare. Limited edition of 500 – £125.00 Available direct from the shop or by visting www.thesquarepress.co.uk

4 The Tom Scott Collection Selling exhibition – Part I Saturday 4th July to Saturday 25th July 2015 Monday – Saturday 10.00 am to 5.00 pm (Closed on Sunday)

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South Winchester Via M3 Junction 10 Park & Ride 20 From SOUTH Exhibit 1 Dimensions Length 8¼ inches, width 4½ inches. The Harrison Compass Case The solid fruitwood case with shaped waist below onto the T-shaped handle with mounting peg hole. The circular recessed dial aperture with dated 1718 separate turned and glazed fruitwood bezel.

An historically important plain Dial The 4 inch dial with 360° circumference scale and 1° subdivisions, table compass drawn in ink on manuscript paper in Harrison’s own hand, with a 16 cardinal-point compass rose, the East and West transposed, a fleur-de- lys indicating North, signed and dated to the centre of the rose John Harrison 1718 with blued-iron needle with brass cap.

Provenance Made in 1718 by John Harrison for his own use; died 1776. William Harrison (1728-1815), his son. John Harrison (1761-1842), his son. John Harrison of Hull (1828-1894), his son and the last direct descendant; died a bachelor. Emma Thornton, his housekeeper; died 1922. Ernest Thornton, her nephew (Viewed by NMM, 1946). Hilda Thornton, his niece. Gifted to Maurice Kenn, 1972. Christie’s, Exceptional Scientific sale, 7 April 2005, lot 163 (£54,000).

Literature M.J. Kenn, ‘John Harrison’s Unusual and Unique Magnetic Compass’, British Sundial Society Bulletin, vol.14 (ii) London, June 2002 p. 81-82. Garnier & Carter, The Golden Age of English Horology, 2015, p. 436-445.

Comments Together with a plain table (spelt plane from c.1830), an alidade and a chain measure, this compass provided the recently married Harrison with the ability to survey and map, perhaps to supplement his income.

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7 Exhibit 2 Dimensions Height 6 foot 7 inches, trunk 103⁄8 inches.

The Roman-Striking Case Ebony veneered on oak with convex throat mouldings, panelled sides and Tompion circa 1680 trunk door with gilt-metal lenticle, eagle head escutcheon and foliate cast spandrels to the angles; cast and chased gilt-brass fruiting swag to the An important Type 1 ebony and throat moulding beneath the rising hood with spoon-locking and latch, gilt-brass mounted Roman striking Doric columns, similar metal swags to the sides of the hood, shallow domed top with five ball finials. Ogee mouldings to the plinth on brass month-going longcase clock bun feet.

Dial 10 inch square gilt-brass dial with four latched dial feet, double-wheatear engraved border signed Tho=Tompion Londini Fecit in a rectangular reserve along the base. Skeletonised chapter-ring with small fleur-de- lys half-hour divisions, subsidiary seconds ring and date aperture to the matted centre, blued-steel hands, winged-cherub spandrels.

Duration Month.

Movement 63⁄8 by 83⁄8 inch plates with six latched baluster pillars, going train with anchor escapement, brass rod lenticular pendulum with silvered rating nut, outside countwheel for the Roman notation strike on two bells and half-hour strike on a third, bolt-and-shutter maintaining power.

Escapement Anchor.

Strike Type External countwheel Roman strike.

Provenance Sydney Exshaw, and sold, by order of his executors, Christie’s, London, 23rd June, 1960, lot 22 to R A Lee. Samuel Messer collection, and sold, by order of his executors, Christie’s, London, 5th December, 1991, lot 36 (£134,100).

Literature Dawson, Drover & Parkes, Early English Clocks, Woodbridge, 1982, p.202-3, 271-3, pl. 270, 370-2. Evans, Carter & Wright, Thomas Tompion 300 Years, p.446-7. Garnier & Carter, The Golden Age of English Horology, 2015, p.48-51.

Comments This clock is one of only two known in which Tompion used Joseph Knibb's system of Roman-notation striking. Nonetheless the movement is of typical Tompion sturdiness in comparison with Knibb's characteristic lighter construction. Perhaps as a mark of Tompion's authorship, despite it being a Roman-striking clock, he has retained a numeral IIII on the (admittedly skeletonised) chapter-ring instead of the IV as commonly used by Knibb for such clocks.

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Exhibit 3 Dimensions Height 13 inches, width 8 inches, depth 61⁄8 inches. Graham’s successor Case Case of ebonised fruitwood veneers on oak with inverted-bell top, arched glazed side panels within moulded frames, front door with inset corner Thomas Colley, London frets and raised moulding frame to the breakarch dial aperture, the base circa 1755 on moulded block feet. Dial 5½ by 7¼ inch breakarch brass dial with gilt-brass symmetrical acanthus A fine and small Phase 3 ebonised spandrels, finely matted centre, silvered chapter-ring. Signed in the arch table timepiece with alarm Graham’s Succ.r Thos. Colley LONDON with alarm-setting square and arched alarm sector above, sculpted blued-steel hands. Duration 8-day. Movement Signed Graham’s Succ.r Thos. Colley LONDON to the plain backplate. 5¼ by 7½ inch plates with five knopped pillars and single fusees and spring barrel with pivoted verge escapement and spring-suspended lenticular pendulum, rise and fall lever with snail adjustment. The alarm train with small spring barrel striking on three bells via a pin barrel. Escapement Pivoted verge. Strike Type Timepiece alarm. Provenance RA Lee, Oct 1987. Private collection, Switzerland. Raffety & Walwyn, 2007. Literature Garnier & Carter, The Golden Age of English Horology, 2015, p.240-241. Comments It is notable that Colley continued the workshop tradition of recessed bases to the plates, first introduced by Tompion circa 1704.

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13 Exhibit 4 Dimensions Height 7 feet 1 inch, trunk 133⁄16 inches. The Redondo Graham Case Case of figured walnut veneers onto an oak carcass, hood with dome and raised top and cross-banded walnut plain frieze below, brass-capped Regulator circa 1740-5 Doric columns, with concave throat mouldings above the rectangular trunk door, concealing the pendulum beat scale to the backboard, the A very fine and rare Type 3 burr plinth with feather banded inlaid panel above a double footed skirt. walnut month-going longcase regulator Dial 11 inch square silvered regulator dial with large subsidiary seconds set above the recessed hour sector signed Geo Graham London with finely sculpted blued-steel minute hand and counter-balanced seconds hand, pin-hole adjustment to the calendar aperture and bolt-and-shutter lever by 15, blued-steel securing screws to the dial feet with steel location pins.

Duration Month. Movement 6⅛ by 105⁄16 inch plates, tapering at the top, with six latched baluster pillars, Graham's own deadbeat escapement, bolt-and-shutter maintaining power, T-bar suspended pendulum with brass section rod and massive lenticular bob with nosing to the rating nut. The movement secured by means of two bolts through the seatboard into the base pillars and by two robust T-form securing brackets to the backboard. The dial feet screwed to the front plate.

Escapement Deadbeat. Provenance Possibly purchased from Graham by Don Fernando de Souza Coutinho de Castelo-Branco Menezes, 12th Earl of Redondo, Portugal, d. 1753. Don Luis Fernando de Souza Coutinho Castelo-Branco Menezes, 3rd Marquis of Borba and 16th Earl of Redondo (1835-1928). Thence by descent, and sold Sotheby’s, London, 8 July 2008, lot 387 (£211,419).

Literature Garnier & Carter, The Golden Age of English Horology, 2015, p.178-183. Comments One of only three square dial regulators in fine Phase 3 walnut cases.

14 15 15 Graham’s Deadbeat escapement The first significant attempt to improve on the anchor escapement was the deadbeat. It was invented in c.1675 by the astronomer Richard Towneley, and first used by Thomas Tompion in a clock built for Sir Jonas Moore, and in the two (or possibly three) precision regulators he made for the new Greenwich Observatory in 1676, as mentioned in correspondence between Astronomer Royal, John Flamsteed and Towneley. George Graham adapted, redesigned and was the first to use it, as standard, in his precision regulator clocks. Graham’s deadbeat escapement has two faces to the pallets, a ‘locking’ or ‘dead’ face, with a curved surface concentric with the axis on which the anchor rotates, and a sloping ‘impulse’ face. When an escape wheel tooth is resting against one of the dead faces, its force is directed through the anchor’s pivot axis, so it gives no impulse to the pendulum, allowing it to swing relatively freely. When the pallet on the other side releases the escape wheel, a tooth lands on this ‘dead’ face first, and remains resting against it for most of the pendulum’s outward swing and return. For this period the escape wheel is ‘locked’ and unable to turn. Near the bottom of the pendulum’s swing the tooth slides off the dead face onto the slanted ‘impulse’ face of the pallet, allowing the escape wheel to turn and give the pendulum a push, before dropping off the pallet. It is still a frictional rest escapement because the sliding of the escape tooth on the dead face adds friction to the pendulum’s swing, but it has less friction than the recoil escapement because there is no recoil force. In contrast to the backward slant of the anchor escape wheel teeth, the deadbeat escape wheel teeth are radial or slant forward to ensure that the tooth makes contact with the ‘dead’ face of the pallet, preventing recoil. 15

17 15 15 Exhibit 5 Dimensions Height 13 inches, width 7½ inches, depth 5¼ inches. Nathaniel Seddon, Case Ebonised fruitwood veneers and mouldings on oak, the inverted-bell top with knopped handle, glazed sides with inset brass frames, front door St. James’s, London with brass framed quarter sound frets flanking the inset brass framed circa 1735 breakarch dial aperture, the base on ebonised moulded block feet. 4¾ by 6¼ inch breakarch brass dial with four feet, Strike/Silent silvered A small ebonised and brass- Dial subsidiary ring to the arch, silvered chapter-ring with Roman hours, lozenge mounted striking table clock with half-hour marks and Arabic minutes, flanked by foliate spandrels, with pull-quarter repeat blued-steel hands. The matted centre with mock pendulum and calendar apertures, signed on an oval silvered plaque Nat Seddon St James’s London.

Duration 8-day. Movement 4¼ by 51⁄8 inch plates with five ringed baluster pillars and twin fusees, going train with knife-edge verge escapement and short bob pendulum. Strike train governed by rack-and-snail sounding the hours on a large bell, repeating the quarters on four smaller graduated bells, engraved with foliate scrolls and strapwork centred by a basket of flowers over two dolphins.

Escapement Knife-edge verge. Strike Type Hour rack striking with pull-quarter repeat. Literature Garnier & Carter, The Golden Age of English Horology, 2015, p.418-419. Provenance Bonhams, 9 Dec. 2008, lot 146 (£18,450).

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21 Exhibit 6 Diameter 53mm. Thomas Tompion Case The plain gold inner case, numbered 4540 and with maker’s mark W.S. (William Sherwood) and winding hole. The gold pendant possibly replaced. & George Graham, The outer case plain gold, hinged bezel, un-numbered and possibly of a London, No. 4540 later date. Dial A superb two-piece champlevé gold dial, the chased and matted centre circa 1712 with a cartouche signed Tompion Graham with cornucopia and floral garland surround. Below a similar cartouche marked London. The A small gold pair-cased verge chapter-ring with waxed Roman numerals, lozenge half-hour marks and pocket watch the outer minute ring with Arabic numerals. Movement Gilded brass plates signed Thos. Tompion Geo. Graham 4540. Egyptian pillars, fusee movement with open footed balance cock with floral engraved decoration, a masked face and scrolling foliage. Escapement Verge. Provenance Stanley H. Burton Sotheby’s London, 15 December 2010, lot 79 (£19,406). Literature SH Burton, The Watch Collection of Stanley H Burton, London, 1981. Garnier & Carter, The Golden Age of English Horology, 2015, p.108-109.

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23 Exhibit 7 Dimensions Height 11¾ inches, width 9 inches, depth 6 inches. Nathanael Hodges, Case Case of ebony on oak with a cast brass basket top decorated with cornucopia, swags of fruit, flowers and cherubs with a foliage and dolphin London circa 1690 head handle, four small urn finials over a moulded cornice, the sides with repoussé frets and glazed below, with gilt escutcheons and sound fret to An ebony basket top table the glazed front door, on a moulded plinth with brass bun feet. timepiece with silent pull-quarter Dial 6 inch square brass dial with winged cherub head spandrels and silvered repeat Roman and Arabic chapter-ring with half-hour marks, the matted centre with decorated date aperture below XII. Duration 8-day. Movement 5 by 6¼ inch plates with five baluster pillars, single fusee, with verge escapement, pull repeating, sounding the hours and quarters on two bells. The line border backplate with tulips and entwined foliage signed Nathanael Hodges in Wine Office Courte in Fleet Street Londini Fecit over three lines. Escapement Knife-edge verge. Strike Type Timepiece with silent pull-quarter repeat. Provenance Bonham’s 9 December 2008, lot 136 (£30,750). Literature Garnier & Carter, The Golden Age of English Horology, 2015, p.400-401.

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25 Exhibit 8 Dimensions Height 15¼ inches, width 10½ inches, depth 65⁄8 inches. Mattw. Dutton, Case Breakarch, triple-pad, mahogany case veneered onto an oak carcass surmounted by curved-base handle, arched side panels with fishscale London, No. 301 frets. The breakarch door with brass ovolo frame to the dial aperture, the circa 1795 base on brass moulded block feet. Dial The 6¾ inch breakarch dial with rococo spandrels, subsidiary regulation dial A fine mahogany breakarch calibrated 0-15 to the arch with blued-steel hand and square projection for triple-pad top striking table clock use with a key. Strike/Not strike lever above XII, one piece silvered chapter- disc with Roman and Arabic numerals and calendar aperture above VI. Signed above the centre Mattw. Dutton London. Sculpted blued-steel hands. Duration 8-day. Movement Fine twin-fusee movement, heavy 5½ by 73⁄8 inch plates, five baluster pillars, going train with anchor escapement and spring-suspended lenticular pendulum, pivoted regulation platform mounted on top of the plates, adjusted through the dial. Strike train governed by rack-and-snail sounding the hours on a bell. The plain backplate signed Mattw. Dutton London No. 301. Escapement Anchor. Strike Type Hour rack striking. Provenance Christie’s, London, 26 Nov 1996, lot 231 (£12,377). Literature Garnier & Carter, The Golden Age of English Horology, 2015, p.256-257. Comments A very similar clock, no. 308, by Dutton was exhibited at London, Science Museum, British Clockmakers’ Heritage, 1952, cat. no. 161. Mahogany was reserved for the more expensive table clock cases.

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27 Exhibit 9 Dimensions Height 16½ inches, width 11 inches, depth 6 inches. Joseph Knibb, London Case Architectural case, ebony veneered on oak, with lift-off architectural pediment over a pierced-wood fret frieze with three-quarter corinthian circa 1670-75 columns above the reverse-breakfront base with central drawer. The veneered flat back with inset door with later raised moulding framing the An early ebony architectural glazed aperture. The glass with Wetherfield Collection label No. 120. striking table clock Dial 6¼ by 71⁄8 inch rectangular gilt-brass dial with four latched dial feet, very fine all-over matting with a narrow plain border. The silvered brass chapter-ring with trident half-hour divisions and Arabic numerals set within the minute ring, sculpted blued-steel hands, signed to the bottom edge Duration 8-day. Movement 5½ by 6¾ inch plates with four latched baluster pillars, going train with knife-edge verge escapement with brass bob pendulum, the strike train governed by an engraved outside countwheel striking on the pork-pie bell above. The plain backplate with line border signed in an arc Joseph Knibb London, the numbered countwheel engraved with a central rose. Escapement Knife-edge verge. Strike Type Countwheel hour strike. Provenance Wetherfield collection, sale cat. no.120. Private collection, UK. Gardiner Houlgate, 24 Feb 2006, lot 610 (£49,402). Literature WE Hurcomb, The Wetherfield Collection of 222 Clocks, London, 1928, p.67. Dawson, Drover & Parkes, Early English Clocks, Woodbridge, 1982, p.174- 5, pl.236-7, p.332, 326, pl. 473-4. Garnier & Carter, The Golden Age of English Horology, 2015, p.348-349.

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29 Exhibit 10 Diameter 50mm. George Graham, Case The inner gold case housing the bell, the band fretted and engraved with acanthus scrolls with wheatear border and numbered 881 by the pendant. London, No. 881 A hinged bezel and quarter-repeating push piece. The outer gold case circa 1735 with plain back, the edges engraved with acanthus leaves, vines and shells. Both cases stamped IW. A small gold quarter-repeating Dial Later plain white enamel dial with Roman and Arabic numerals and watch in engraved pair cases pierced gold hands. Movement Gilded brass plates signed Geo. Graham London, numbered 881. Quarter repeating fusee movement with plain pillars, a finely fretted and engraved verge cock with floral and scroll decoration, masked face and with diamond endstone. The gilt metal dust cover signed Geo. Graham London and numbered inside. Escapement Cylinder, brass ’scape with steel cylinder. Literature Garnier & Carter, The Golden Age of English Horology, 2015, p.170-171.

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31 Exhibit 11 Dimensions Height 13½ inches, width 911⁄16 inches, depth 6½ inches. The Lancellotti Case Case of ebony veneered on oak with dome top, surmounted by gilt-brass scroll-and-garland dome mounts and gilt thistle bud handle. The rectangular Tompion, No. 119 front door with gilt-brass scroll sound fret, gilt bellflower escutcheons and circa 1688 bellflower mount to the bottom rail. The moulded base, numbered 119 to the front door sill, on ebony block feet. With period wainscott oak travelling box.

A very fine Phase 1 ebony striking Dial Signed Tho. Tompion Londini fecit to the lower edge. 6½ inches square, table clock with pull-quarter gilded-brass dial with three latched feet, matted centre and pinhole repeat contained in a period calendar aperture. Silvered chapter-ring with gilt and chased winged- wainscot oak travelling box cherub spandrels and sculpted blued-steel hands. The dialplate with Strike/Not strike lever above XII and a continental date adjustment lever, 0 to 3, fitted at IX but never completed. Duration 8-day. Movement 615⁄16 by 8¼ inch extended pierced and shaped backplate signed Tho=Tompion Londini fecit in a rectangular reserve within the tulip engraving, and punch-numbered 119 at the base. 57⁄8 by 75⁄8 frontplate with seven latched baluster pillars and twin fusees. Going train with knife- edge verge escapement and bob pendulum stamp-numbered 1 to 4. Strike train governed by a rack-and-snail sounding the hours on the larger bell, Tompion’s pull-quarter repeat on a smaller bell with Z pull-bar. Escapement Knife-edge verge. Strike Type Hour striking with Tompion’s pull-quarter repeat via a Z pull-bar. Provenance Prince Massimiliano Lancellotti, Italy. Probably made for the family and exported on purchase. Ronald Phillips Ltd, London, 2011. Literature Evans, Carter & Wright, Thomas Tompion 300 Years, p.332-333. Garnier & Carter, The Golden Age of English Horology, 2015, p.62-65.

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Cocked

The Lancellotti Tompion’s striking and pull-quarter repeating system The Lancellotti phase I movement is extraordinarily complete; the going, strike and repeat trains are almost untouched and this is not only testimony to the quality of workmanship but perhaps also reflects the life it led in Italy, for over 300 years. It already has power in the strike train, so the pull-quarter repeating system provides power only for the quarters. The repeat assembly is mounted on the right side of the front plate and, from the front, turns anti-clockwise; the quarters are struck first, followed by the hours. The strike/silent lever is mounted centrally, holding off the sprung strike/silent arm when on silent. Cocked On the left of the front plate is a four-lever assembly on one arbor. First is the horizontal cannon lever which is lifted by the pin on the cannon- pinion and drops at the hour, and whose end is sprung to prevent damage if the hands are turned backwards. Second, on the upper left, is the warning safety lever, which engages with a spring-loaded piece on the end of the repeat assembly to prevent the system from being cocked if it is activated during the warning period. Third, centrally mounted on the Internal upper side of the cannon lever and pivoted so that it can move back and motion rack Repeat great wheel engaging and click work forth, is the sprung strike/silent arm whose top end engages the hour pinion release lever for striking and is pushed away from the front plate by the strike/silent lever, missing the hour release arm, when silenced. Fourth, mounted on the upper right side of the cannon lever, is the warning lever with a flag through the front plate which arrests the train on warning. Tompion’s striking repeat system operates via a main repeat arbor which protrudes through the back plate where it is squared for the Z pull-bar, an internal toothed sector engages the repeat pinion, while the main repeat arbor also engages with the leaf spring on the inside of the back plate and this provides the power. The quarter rack assembly to the front plate only requires three teeth because the independent hour striking rack, mounted Cocked between the plates, only needs to be tripped. The quarter rack assembly also rotates anti-clockwise and is checked Released when the rack tail hits the appropriate step on the quarter snail. The all- or-nothing piece still ensures that the system only engages when it has been fully cocked so that a short pull will run without blows. The pivoted rack tail works with the quarter snail and the quarter rack is raised at the end of the pull and lowered at the end of the run. The hour striking is warned and released on the completion of the quarters by a tail lever carried on the upright arm of the quarter rack. This tail lifts the hour release arm, which in turn raises the internal hour rack hook to release the train, striking the hours.

36 Main repeat arbor Repeat leaf spring Strike/silent lever

Quarter hammer tail Hour release arm Quarter rack Quarter rack tail Released

All or Cocked nothing Quarter rack tail Warning safety lever Quarter snail Sprung strike/silent Leaf spring arm

Warning lever

Four lever assembly

Cannon lever

37 Exhibit 12 Dimensions Height 6 foot 4¾ inches, trunk 101⁄16 inches. The Scott Knibb Case Case of superbly contrasted and figured walnut veneered onto a cariniana-wood carcass, the rising hood with typical shallow, cushion- circa 1680 moulded, dome top and three finials above a fretted frieze, the dial aperture flanked by Solomonic columns with mirror-reflected turning, A very fine walnut on coriniana the convex throat moulding above the long rectangular trunk door with two-train quarter striking longcase typical snakes head escutcheon and framed with cross-grain D-section clock with skeletonised dial mouldings, the ogee base mouldings above a cross-banded plinth on walnut bun feet.

Dial 10⅛ inch square fire-gilt brass dial with four latched dial feet, the finely matted centre with calendar aperture below XII, superbly sculpted blued- steel hands. The skeletonised silvered chapter-ring with pierced Roman hours and trident half-hours, every minute numbered. Flanked by fire- gilt winged-cherub spandrels; the line engraved border interrupted along the lower edge and signed Joseph Knibb Londini Fecit.

Duration 8-day. Movement Delicate, two-train, quarter striking, weight-driven movement, 5⅞ by 7⅝ inch plates, secured by six latched finned baluster pillars, the going- train with anchor escapement. The strike train governed by a large diameter outside, hour and quarter, countwheel, sounding the quarters on the smaller bell and the hours on the larger, both mounted above. The hammer linkages ingeniously pumped from the under-dial work, to govern the use of each bell and allowing the quarter and hours to be struck from a single train.

Escapement Anchor. Strike Type Hour and quarter countwheel strike, from a single strike train. Provenance Christie’s, 22 March 1989, lot 195 (£167,250 – Auction record). Literature Garnier & Carter, The Golden Age of English Horology, 2015, p.360-363. Comments When Tom bought this extraordinary Knibb longcase in 1989 it made a record price at auction out-selling by nearly £40,000 the most expensive of the two month-going numbered Tompion longcases sold in that year. The case is one of a very rare series of Knibb cases veneered on coriniana rather than oak, his casemaker purchased a small stock of this distinctive South American wood and used it for carcasses, presumably because of its straight grain and consequent stability. Knibb is perhaps most well known for his ingenious striking methods, exemplified in this clock, and he also limited the use of his beautiful skeletonised chapter rings to his more complicated and expensive clocks.

38 15 15 15 Exhibit 13 Dimensions Height 15½ inches, width 9¼ inches, depth 5⅞ inches. Daniel Quare & Case Ebony veneers on oak, the inverted-bell top with Quare’s brass baluster and scoop-base handle, the front door with fine laid-on ebony aperture Stephen Horseman, mouldings flanked by wood frets, the sides with matching ebony London, No. 173 mouldings and pierced brass frets, on moulded block feet. circa 1718 Dial 6½ by 8 inch gilt-brass breakarch dial, Indian-mask-and-foliate spandrels with strike/silent subsidiary in the arch, silvered chapter-ring with fine An extremely fine ebony striking ring-turned blued-steel hands, the matted centre signed D: Quare S. table clock with pull-quarter Horseman London in a shaped reserve above the date square and 173 in a small separate reserve above the mock pendulum. repeat Duration 8-day. Movement Movement with six finned and ring-turned baluster pillars, centre latched, the rest pinned, with twin fusees and spring barrels, rack strike on large bell. Pull-quarter repeat on Quare’s later system via a pulley. Elaborate foliate engraved backplate (G.515) signed 173 Dan: Quare Ste: Horseman London in an oval cartouche with mask and eagle heads below, within scrolling foliage inhabited by entwined serpents and birds. Escapement Knife-edge verge. Strike Type Hour striking with pull-quarter repeat. Provenance Bukowski’s Stockholm, 15 June 2011, lot 643 (£29,733). Literature Garnier & Carter, The Golden Age of English Horology, 2015, p.330-331. Comments The backplate is executed by engraver, G.515, whom Quare may have used before Tompion and Graham. The Phase 3 case and spandrels are also notably similar to Graham’s output at this time.

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43 Exhibit 14 Diameter 60mm. Edward Banger, Case The silver two-piece consular case of later date, unmarked. London circa 1715 Dial Later white enamel Roman and Arabic dial, winding square by III/IV, aperture by XII for blued-steel disc regulation, blued-steel beetle-and- A unique silver consular-cased poker hands. verge pocket watch with early Movement Gilt-brass fusee movement boldly signed Edward Banger London in jewelled train Gothic script, with Egyptian pillars, a grotesque mask to pierced and engraved bridged balance cock with diamond endstone, the train with pierced jewelled pivot holes with endstones for the escapement and three upper train wheels.

Escapement Verge. Provenance Time Museum Collection, Rockford, Illinois, inv. no. 2290. Sold Sotheby’s, New York, 15 October 2004, lot 538 ($60,000)

Literature Garnier & Carter, The Golden Age of English Horology, 2015, p.226-227. Comments Probably the earliest known watch with jewelled train bearings.

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45 Exhibit 15 Dimensions Height 16½ inches, width 5¾ inches, depth, including hoop 7¼ inches. William Bowyer, Case The frame with slender tapered multipiece angle columns, turned feet and urn finials, restored iron hoop and spikes, original leaf fret to the front with London circa 1630 replaced dolphin frets to the sides, the bell strap mounted with fork fixings holding the bell and surmounted by a further urn finial. A First Period striking lantern Dial 5½-inch Roman chapter-ring with typical reversed Xs, set on the shaped clock with alarm disc dialplate engraved with early patterns of open flowers, fruit and scallop shells with concentric alarm disc engraved I-XII with a central rose, signed William Bowyer, Leadne hall, fecit along the lower edge. Movement Two-train posted movement with early conversion to verge escapement and short bob pendulum, the strike governed by an iron outside countwheel with typical angled slots. Escapement Knife-edge verge. Strike Type Countwheel. Provenance Sotheby’s, 8th July 2008, lot 378 (£21,994). Literature George White, English Lantern Clocks, 1989, illus. fig. II/50, p. 67, fig. II/146, p. 113. Garnier & Carter, The Golden Age of English Horology, 2015, p.384-385. Comments William Bowyer, was one of London’s finest early clockmakers; by 1620 he was working in Leadenhall Street in the City and is thought to have been a member of the Joiners' Company. In 1632, he was a founder member of the Clockmakers' Company, becoming Assistant in 1651 and Warden in 1653. It is thought Bowyer died in 1653, when he is last recorded as attending the Company. This early lantern clock is in good original condition, the strike train unaltered except for the fly pinion, an early replacement. With an early verge pendulum conversion, but retaining and reusing the balance ’scape arbor for the contrate, and balance top potence for the crownwheel.

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47 Exhibit 16 Dimensions Height 11¼ inches, width 7¼ inches, depth 4⅞ inches. Case Case of ebony veneered on oak with breakarch top surmounted by four George Graham, gilt vase and foliage finials with a larger central conforming finial on London circa 1725 pedestal, rectangular side panels with pierced and engraved gilt frets. The front door with gilt bellflower escutcheons, the base on gilt moulded An unusual ebony table timepiece gadrooned feet. with rise and fall regulation Dial 4½ by 5½ inch breakarch, gilt-brass dial, signed at base GEO GRaHaM, with matted centre, mock pendulum. Silvered chapter with sword-hilt half-hour and cross half-quarter marks with subsidiary regulation ring above XII, double-screwed ornate mask-and-foliate spandrels, sculpted blued-steel hands. Duration 8-day. Movement Signed Geo: Graham, LONDON within a foliate and scroll cartouche to the plain backplate. 55⁄16 by 5¾ inch plates with five latched baluster pillars, single fusee and spring barrel with pivoted verge escapement and spring-suspended lenticular pendulum, rise and fall lever with pinion adjustment through the dial. Escapement Pivoted verge. Provenance Anon sale, Sotheby’s London, 22 July 1949, lot 77 (£340 to Mallets). James Oakes, December 1949 (advert, Connoisseur). Late Mrs M Dalton, Stray Lodge, Harrowgate, Yorks, and sold by her executors, Christies, London, 8 May 1992, lot 193 (£15,400). Exhibited London, Garrard’s the Crown Jewellers, May 1992, English Master Clockmakers, on loan. Literature Clocks Magazine, May 1992, cover. Garnier & Carter, The Golden Age of English Horology, 2015, p.154-155.

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49 Exhibit 17 Dimensions Height 7 foot 1 inch, trunk 11¼ inches. The Royal Exchange Case The case with burr walnut veneers on an oak carcass, rising hood (formerly with opening door) with brass-capped Doric columns, gilt-brass fruit swag Tompion, No. 131 to the top rail, caddy top surmounted by five brass ball finials. With convex circa 1688 throat moulding above the rectangular trunk door, punch-numbered 131 twice along the top and side edge, ogee plinth moulding above the cross A highly important Type 2 burr banded panels with a plain skirting. walnut eight-day full grande Dial 11 inch square gilt-brass dial with four latched dial feet, finely matted sonnerie striking longcase clock centre with seconds ring, date aperture and three shuttered winding with trip repeat, finishedcirca 1693 holes, cherub-and-foliage spandrels, silvered chapter-ring with sword-hilt half-hour marks and blued-steel hands with a line border and scroll and foliate engraving (Tulip graver) between, signed Tho=Tompion Londini Fecit at the base, Strike/Not strike lever above XII.

Duration 8-day. Movement Large three-train movement, 7 by 83⁄8 inch plates with six latched baluster pillars, going train with anchor escapement, bolt-and-shutter maintaining power through the seatboard, brass-rod pendulum with calibrated rating nut, rack-and-snail strike, sounding the hours on the larger bell, the quarters on three smaller graduated bells, punch-numbered 131 at the base of the backplate.

Escapement Anchor. Strike Type Three-train full grande sonnerie with trip repeat. Provenance F.H. Green, before 1928, to 1933. Arthur Vernay, New York, c. 1950. Private collection, New York, and sold Sotheby’s, London, 28th June, 1974 lot 165 (£30,000, a record price for a Tompion). Time Museum Collection, Rockford, Illinois, inv. no. 1101. Sold Sotheby’s, New York, 13th October, 2004, lot 533 ($680,000).

Literature FH Green, ‘Three Clocks by Tompion’, Old Furniture Magazine, vol 5, 1928, p.231-4. FH Green, Old English Clocks, 1931, p.35, pl. XV-XVI. RW Symonds, Thomas Tompion, 1951, fig. 55 & 88. J Winterton, English Grande Sonnerie Clocks, Ticehurst, 1992. Evans, Carter & Wright, Thomas Tompion 300 Years, p.488-91. Garnier & Carter, The Golden Age of English Horology, 2015, p.66-71.

Exhibited London, Royal Exchange, A Loan Exhibition of Old English Clocks entirely the work of and signed by Tho. Tompion (1638-1713), 1933, cat. no. 8 (loaned by Athur S. Vernay).

Comments The earliest of Tompion’s three-train full grande sonnerie movements, whether spring clocks or longcase clocks, allowing the suggestion that 131 was a royal commission along with documented spring clock no. 133. No. 131 is one of only three extant grande sonnerie longcases by Tompion (the others being nos. 275 and 387) and is also the earliest numbered Type 2 longcase, and the first with an 11 inch dial.

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53 15 15 Exhibit 18 Diameter 50mm. George Graham, Case The inner gold case with winding hole and shutter numbered 6022. Makers mark JW. A swivel gold pendant. The outer case hall marked 1741 London, No. 6022 and maker’s mark JW, also scratch-numbered to the flange. circa 1741 Dial Gold champlevé dial with matted finish, waxed Roman and Arabic numerals and signed in plain reserves Graham London. Blued-steel Small gold pair-cased cylinder beetle-and-poker hands. watch Movement The gilt brass fusee movement signed Geo. Graham London No. 6022 with square baluster pillars, brass escape wheel and steel cylinder, the balance cock pierced and engraved with scrolling foliage and a mask, diamond endstone, silver regulation dial. The gilt dust cover signed Geo. Graham London, F. and S for regulation and scratch-numbered to inside. Escapement Cylinder. Provenance Horstmann collection, and sold Christie’s, London, 14 June 1960, lot 64. Odmark collection, USA, and sold Christie’s, London, 11 March 2005, lot 154 (£7,500). Literature Garnier & Carter, The Golden Age of English Horology, 2015, p.176-177.

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57 Exhibit 19 Dimensions Height 13 inches, width 93⁄8 inches, depth 63⁄8 inches. The Hereford Tompion, Case Ebony veneers and mouldings on oak an carcass, the domed top surmounted by a typical thistle bud handle, pierced ebony frets to the top rail of the No. 252 circa 1685 front door with foliate drop escutcheons, seat board scratch numbered 252. Moulded base, the front door sill stamped 252, on block feet. A Phase 1 ebony table timepiece with silent pull-quarter repeat, Dial 6 inch square gilt-brass dial with three latched feet, line engraved border signed Tho= Tompion London below the silvered chapter-ring, with finishedcirca 1695 blued-steel hands, finely matted centre and winged-cherub spandrels. Duration 8-day. Movement 7⅛ by 8¼ inch plates with profuse foliate engraved backplate (G.195) signed Tho Tompion Londini Fecit in a wheatear reserve, punch- numbered 252 at the base. Six latched baluster pillars, single fusee and spring barrel with knife-edge verge escapement, Tompion’s silent pull- quarter repeat via a single cocked, blued-steel, Z pull-bar. Escapement Knife-edge verge. Strike Type Tompion’s silent pull-quarter repeat via a Z pull-bar. Provenance 18th Viscount Hereford, and sold Sotheby’s London, 3rd October, 1991, lot 275 (£35,760). Literature Evans, Carter & Wright, Thomas Tompion 300 Years, p.342-343. Garnier & Carter, The Golden Age of English Horology, 2015, p.76-79. Comments This interesting Phase 1 clock is from a short series Tompion started circa 1685; this example was then finished some 8-10 years later.

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61 Repeat great wheel Internal motion rack The Hereford Tompion’s silent pull-quarter repeating and click work (engages repeat great system wheel pinion) This silent pull-quarter repeat system is in many ways more complicated than Tompion’s striking repeat as it has to provide power to strike both the hours and the quarters. The repeat system is mounted on the left side of the front plate and when activated sounds the hours first followed by the quarters. The whole system is operated via a main repeat arbor which protrudes through the back plate pivoted beneath a cock, and squared for the Z pull-bar. It incorporates an internal toothed sector which engages the pinion of the repeat train great wheel. In addition the main repeat arbor also engages with the leaf spring on the inside of the back plate and this provides the power. The hour and quarter rack assembly on the front plate has twelve teeth for the hours, and the last three, which also work with the quarters hammer, are thicker and graduated. By pulling the repeat cord the main repeat arbor with its toothed internal sector rotates clockwise, turning the greatwheel pinion of the repeat train whilst click-work ensures the train does not turn backwards during the cocking process. The hour and quarter rack assembly also rotates clockwise and is checked when the rack tail hits the appropriate step on the hour snail. An ingenious all-or-nothing piece ensures that the system only engages when it has been fully cocked - with an insufficient short Released pull the system will run but without hammer blows. The rack assembly is pivoted at the lower end and at this moment is held down by a leaf spring in order to clear the hammer tails. As the rack Cocked tail engages the snail, the far end of it lifts the rack into the transitory raised position where it is held by a pivoted and sprung detent. Now raised, the rack can engage with the hammer tails. When the pull-cord is released the assembly rotates anti-clockwise under the influence of the leaf spring and starts the repeat train running. The hour and quarter rack engages with the hour hammer tail releasing the appropriate number of blows governed by the hour snail. During the whole time the clock is running the quarter snail, mounted on the minute wheel, is tracked by a sprung double- armed lever which in turn engages inside the plate with a further arbor and fork which continuously pumps the quarter hammer arbor backwards and forwards between the plates. After the hours have been struck, the pumped quarter hammer-tail will either be free of the stepped teeth or in line with one, two or three of them and strike the quarters accordingly. On completion, the pivoted and raised detent reaches a fixed stop and releases the rack, allowing the leaf spring to bring it back to its lower position. There is an extra ridge after the third step on the quarter snail and during the hour changeover it moves the quarter lever locking arm into the way of the repeat assembly tail. This prevents pulling of the repeat during the hour change period (3-4 minutes). It is sprung so that it can ride Repeat leaf spring Main repeat arbor over the tail if necessary.

62 Hour Quarter hammer hammer tail tail

Quarter teeth

Fixed Hour and detent stop quarter rack Released Pivoted Cocked detent

All or nothing Quarter snail

Repeat Rack tail assembly tail Leaf spring Quarter lever locking arm

Pivot Hour snail

63 Exhibit 20 Dimensions Height 20 inches, width 12 inches, depth 7⅛ inches. John Prou, London Case Ebonised fruitwood veneers on oak with inverted-bell top surmounted by a baluster brass handle. The front door with foliate escutcheon and laid-on circa 1740 brass frames to the dial and fret apertures, the glazed sides with matching brass frames, the base resting on ebonised moulded block feet. An ebonised and brass-mounted Dial 7 by 8¼ inch breakarch gilt-brass dial with four pinned feet, Strike/Silent quarter-striking table clock with ring to the arch flanked by mask-and-lambrequin spandrels, the silvered trip repeat chapter-ring with Roman hours and fleur-de-lys half-hour marks and Arabic minutes. The matted centre with mock pendulum and calendar apertures signed John Prou London on an applied arched plate, with shaped blued-steel hands. Duration 8-day. Movement 7 by 8¼ inch plates with seven ringed pillars and triple fusees. The going train with knife-edge verge escapement and bob pendulum. Strike trains governed by rack-and-snail, sounding the hours on a large bell and the quarters on six smaller graduated bells, trip repeating. Foliate and scroll engraved backplate with baskets and eagle heads, all within a wheatear border. Escapement Knife-edge verge. Strike Type Rack quarter-strike with trip repeat. Provenance Bonhams, 9 December, 2008, lot 114 (£8,364). Literature Garnier & Carter, The Golden Age of English Horology, 2015, p.420-421.

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65 Exhibit 21 Dimensions Height 7 foot 4 inches. Thos. Mudge & Case Mahogany veneered, Fleet Street case on double footed plinth applied with a raised rectangular panel, arched trunk door beneath the hood with Will. Dutton, London reeded angles flanking the bolection-moulded door, brass fishscale frets circa 1770 to the sides, concave mahogany moulding to the top surmounted by a four-sided concave pedestal and brass ball finial. A very fine mahogany longcase Dial The 12 inch breakarch gilt-brass dialplate with four dial feet, rococo spandrels, clock with enamel dials vitreous enamel subsidiary calendar dial signed Thos. Mudge. Wm. Dutton, London to the arch. Strike/Not strike lever above XII, enamel chapter-disc with Roman and Arabic numerals, fine sculpted blued-steel hands.

Duration 8-day. Movement High quality movement, heavy 53⁄8 by 7¼ inch plates, five baluster pillars, going train with anchor escapement with long steel crutch to a heavy pendulum with T-bar suspension, steel rod pendulum with large lenticular brass bob and calibrated rating nut. Strike train governed by rack-and-snail, sounding the hours on a bell.

Escapement Anchor. Strike Type Hour rack striking. Provenance Sotheby’s, London, 19 Dec 2000, lot 337 (£47,750). Literature Garnier & Carter, The Golden Age of English Horology, 2015, p.246-247. Comments Mudge & Dutton produced longcase clocks at various price points, of which enamel dials were the most expensive. Fleet Street cases are attributed to the Rich family workshop, who also made cases for Holmes. This case is different to Holmes’s, the hood door having a fine bolection moulding.

62 15 Exhibit 22 Dimensions Height 13¾ inches, width 8½ inches, depth 5⅞ inches. George Graham, Case Cast ormolu asymmetrical rococo case on four integral scroll feet with pendulum aperture to the centre and putto mounted left below the dial London circa 1745 with concave gilt bezel. The scroll top surmounted by the figure of Chronos with a scythe. The keyhole shaped rear aperture with gilt-brass door. A very rare ormolu-cased striking Dial 5 inch circular gilded-brass dial with six feet, finely matted centre and spring clock typical pinhole adjusted date aperture. Silvered chapter-ring with Roman hours and Arabic minutes but no half-hour lozenges, blued steel hands. Duration 8-day. Movement Signed Geo: Graham, LONDON to the plain backplate, with four pinned knopped pillars and twin fusees, going train with anchor escapement and spring-suspended adjustable lenticular pendulum bob. Strike train governed by rack-and-snail sounding the hours on a bell mounted to the right side. Escapement Anchor. Strike Type Hour rack striking. Provenance Bonhams, London, 8 June 2004, lot 115 (£21,510). Literature Garnier & Carter, The Golden Age of English Horology, 2015, p.184-185. Comments This clock is one of three recorded examples by Graham in ormolu cases and is the only one with an hour striking movement. Despite the dissimilarity to his usual output, there are several elements within the movement that confirm its manufacture in Graham’s workshop, including a hexagonal hour-hand boss, six dial feet, pinhole date adjustment and the flowing signature on the backplate.

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69 Exhibit 23 Dimensions Height 12¾ inches, width 8 inches, depth 5⅞ inches. Justin Vulliamy, Case The typical Vulliamy case with ebonised fruitwood veneers on oak. The shallow inverted-bell top with small brass handle, the front door with London circa 1775 narrow stiles and brass-framed breakarch aperture flanked by frets, the sides with breakarch glazed apertures framed by fine laid-on mouldings, A fine and small ebonised striking sitting on a moulded base on small brass moulded block feet. table clock with silent verge Dial 6 inch breakarch brass dial with rococo spandrels. The engraved arch escapement and pull-quarter with scrolling foliage signed Justin Vulliamy London on a shaped plaque repeat between the pendulum regulation and strike/silent rings. Narrow silvered chapter-ring with pierced blued-steel hands, the matted centre with mock pendulum and date square above VI. Duration 8-day. Movement Substantial 4¾ by 7 inch plates with five plain baluster pillars, twin fusees and spring barrels, verge escapement with silent gut pallets and spring-suspended lenticular pendulum adjusted by cranked bridged regulation and with hinged holdfast. Rack striking on a large bell and ting-tang pull-quarter repeating on a smaller bell via a garland-engraved pulley, the backplate engraved with asymmetric rococo scrolls, foliage and flowers, signed Justn. Vulliamy London. Escapement Pivoted verge. Strike Type Hour striking with pull-quarter repeat Provenance Private collection, Sussex. Carter Wright, 2012. Literature Garnier & Carter, The Golden Age of English Horology, 2015, p.424-425. Exhibited London, Masterpiece Fair, 2012.

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71 Exhibit 24 Diameter 52mm. Daniel Delander, Case The inner gold case housing the bell. A plain back with engraved fretted band, the decoration depicting birds, rats, flowers and a large grotesque London, No. 186 mask supported by leopards’ heads; the pendant with decorated surround circa 1725 and numbered 186 with casemaker’s mark THS four times. The outer case partially fretted and repoussé, a small central plain panel surrounded by A small gold pair-cased quarter four repoussé panels with trophies and baskets of fruit and flowers. repeating verge pocket watch Dial White enamel Roman and Arabic dial. Blued-steel beetle-and-poker hands. Movement Gilded plates signed Danl. Delander London 186. Fusee movement with open fretted verge cock with floral vine and mask decoration and a diamond endstone. Silver regulation dial. The fusee ¼-repeating movement with turned pillars. The whole protected with a silver dust cover signed Delander LONDON and marked FASTER beside the regulation.

Escapement Verge. Provenance The Earl Hackett, and sold Christie’s, London, 20 Jan 1968. Odmark collection, Christie’s, London, 11 Mar 2005, lot 214 (£5,500).

Literature Garnier & Carter, The Golden Age of English Horology, 2015, p.232-233.

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73 Exhibit 25 Dimensions Height 12½ inches, width 8 inches, depth 5¼ inches. George Graham, Case Case of ebony veneered onto an oak carcass with inverted-bell top, arched glazed side panels within moulded frames, front door with gilt-brass Satyr London, No. 698 mask fret to upper rail and conforming Satyr mask mount to lower rail, circa 1731 bellflower door escutcheons to the stiles, the base on moulded block feet. Dial 5 by 6 inch brass dial with double-screwed silver ornate cherub’s head A small Phase 3 ebony and spandrels to silvered chapter-ring, alarm-set square at chapter VI with silver mounted travelling table arched alarm aperture to matted centre, with subsidiary pendulum timepiece with alarm regulation and alarm silent rings flanking the signature Geo: Graham London, regulator-type blued-steel hands. Duration 8-day. Movement The substantial posted frame movement with solid front and backplates, chamfered tear-drop cusped cocks throughout, with single chain fuse, pivoted verge escapement and spring-suspended lenticular pendulum, rise and fall lever with pinion adjustment through the dial, going barrel for alarm on bell, set through chapter-ring at VI and pull-wound from the side, punch-numbered 698 to the top plate, raised on a seatboard and secured with two bolts. Escapement Pivoted verge. Strike Type Timepiece alarm. Provenance RA Lee, purchased 1953 from ‘Hunt’. Private collection, USA. Christie’s 27 May 2010, lot 24 (£75,650). Literature Garnier & Carter, The Golden Age of English Horology, 2015, p.166-169. Comments For similar cases without handles and moulded tops see PG Dawson, The Iden Clock Collection, Woodbridge 1987, p.188 & p.192.

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Exhibit 26 Dimensions Height 18 inches, width 11¾ inches, depth 7¼ inches. William Addis, London Case Ellicott-type, mahogany veneered on oak with inverted-bell top surmounted by brass handle, rectangular glazed side panels within brass circa 1775 D-moulded frames. The mitre-veneered square door with brass frame and circular moulded bezel dial aperture, the base on brass moulded block feet. A mahogany brass mounted striking table clock Dial The 7⅞ inch square silvered brass dial with hidden subsidiaries for pendulum regulation and Strike/Not strike, chapter-ring engraved with Roman and Arabic numerals, mock pendulum and calendar aperture above VI. Signed below centre Willm. Addis London. Shaped blued-steel hands.

Duration 8-day. Movement 5¼ by 7 inch plates of heavy gauge, five baluster pillars, twin-fusees, going train with pivoted verge escapement and spring-suspended steel rod engraved lenticular pendulum, regulation lever mounted on an arbor engaging a snail to the dial. Strike train governed by rack-and-snail sounding the hours on a bell. The asymmetrical rococo scroll and foliate engraved backplate with central Ho-ho bird.

Escapement Pivoted verge. Strike Type Hour rack striking. Provenance Bonhams, 9 December 2008, lot 116 (£8,118). Literature Garnier & Carter, The Golden Age of English Horology, 2015, p.422-423.

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79 Exhibit 27 Dimensions Height 17 inches, width 10¾ inches, depth 7¼ inches. Charles Goode, London Case The case with inverted-bell top surmounted by a foliate gilt-brass handle and flanked by foliate urn finials on inset pedestals. The front door with scroll circa 1705 escutcheons and inset with a brass mask-centred foliage and fruit fret to the top rail, glazed side apertures, the moulded base on gilt-brass gadrooned feet. An ebonised quarter-striking Dial 7 by 8¼ inch rectangular gilt-brass dial with four latched feet, signed table clock with trip repeat Charles Goode LONDON between foliate scrolls flanked by pendulum regulation 0-60 and Strike/Silent/No quarters rings, foliate spandrels, silvered chapter-ring with Roman hours and fancy sword-hilt half-hour marks with cross half-quarters. Mock-pendulum and calendar apertures in matted centre with shaped blued-steel hands. Duration 8-day. Movement 7½ by 8¼ inch split plates with eight latched finned baluster pillars and triple fusees. The going train with pivoted verge escapement and spring lenticular pendulum. Strike trains governed by rack-and-snail sounding the hours on a large bell and the quarters on six smaller graduated bells, trip repeating via a lever on the backplate. Foliate and scroll engraved backplate signed on an oval reserve Charls Goode London, all within a wheatear border. Escapement Pivoted verge. Strike Type Rack quarter strike with trip repeat. Provenance Mallets, London. Camerer Cuss, London (advert, Antiquarian Horology, June 1965, p. 324). Geerd Wijnen, Holland (advert, International Antique Dealers’ Year Book, 1976). Bonhams, 9th December 2008, lot 138 (£19,680). Literature Dawson, Drover & Parkes, Early English Clocks, Woodbridge, 1982, p.485, pl.717. Garnier & Carter, The Golden Age of English Horology, 2015, p.402-403. Comments Backplate by Tompion’s engraver G.195.

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81 Exhibit 28 Dimensions Height 8 feet 5 inches, trunk 12⅞ inches. Daniel Quare, London Case Case of superb contrasted burr walnut veneers on oak, hood with typical inverted-bell top with three ball finials and fine walnut frets below, circa 1700 brass-capped Doric columns, with concave throat mouldings, D-section cross-grain mouldings to the rectangular trunk door, the plinth with a A very fine walnut month-going herringbone-framed panel above a double footed skirt. longcase clock Dial 12 inch square brass dial with crown-and-putti spandrels, finely matted centre with large seconds ring, calendar aperture and ringed winding holes, silvered chapter-ring signed Dan Quare London around the VI, sword-hilt half-hour and cross half-quarter marks and ring-turned blued-steel hands. Duration Month. Movement 5⅝ by 711⁄16 inch plates with five finned baluster pillars of Quare’s workshop pattern having a distinctive ring-turned central knop, the trains of five wheels, the going with anchor escapement, rack-and-snail governing the hour strike on the bell above. Escapement Anchor. Strike Type Rack hour striking. Provenance Private collection, Sweden, and sold Bukowski’s Stockholm, 15 June 2011, lot 634 (£55,000). Literature Garnier & Carter, The Golden Age of English Horology, 2015, p.314-315. Comments Emanating from Sweden, this clock may be an example of Quare’s export trade to European courts. Quare used highly contrasted walnut veneers on this clock, similar to the British Museum example of possible royal provenance (Museum number 1958,1006.2098).

82 15 Exhibit 29 Dimensions Diameter 12 inches. Jonathan Sisson, Dial The substantial circular patinated-brass dialplate, signed J. Sisson London with three ogee-curved struts attached to the rim meeting to support the upper end London circa 1745 of the brass strip gnomon with a central slot. The line of light passes through the slot indicating the time on the dial. The hours engraved IIII-XII-VIII with outer A brass horizontal sundial divisions down to one minute, enclosing a circular scale for the equation of time and centred by an 8 cardinal-point compass rose. With three screw-threaded holes for levelling feet.

Provenance Time Museum Inventory No. 2924. Sotheby’s NY, Masterpieces from the Time Museum, Part IV, 15th October 2004, lot 779.

Comments This inventive time indicating system is a linear equivalent of the hole in an aperture gnomon.

109

84 Exhibit 30 Dimensions Diameter 15 inches. Dial The circular brass plate with large central gnomon and dial for the home Unsigned circa 1870 position (London, 51º 30') engraved with an 8 cardinal-point compass rose and an hour scale IIII-XII-VIII with outer divisions to five minutes, A brass horizontal world-time flanking the exhoration Lux umbra Die (Light is the shadow of God). The sundial outer section with twelve concentric subsidiary dials showing the time respectively in Peking, Calcutta, Teheran, Moscow, Rome, Paris, Madeira, Rio de Janeiro, Buenos Aires, Philadelphia, Mexico and San Diego.

Comparative Clarke, Morrison-Lowe & Simpson, Brass & Glass: Scientific Instrument- literature Making Workshops in Scotland, 1989, p. 210-16. Provenance Time Museum Inventory No. 569. Sotheby’s NY, Masterpieces from the Time Museum, Part IV, 15th October 2004, lot 795.

Comments This closely resembles sundials produced by the Irish maker Richard Melville (or Melvin) who worked throughout the British Isles in the mid- 19th century. The layout and style of the gnomon used is similar, but all known dials signed by him are on slate plates.

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85 Exhibit 31 Dimensions Height 9 feet 1 inch, trunk 12⅞ inches. Attributed to Case Monumental walnut on oak case with skirted plinth and walnut-veneered sides, realistically painted to the front in pink, gold and black on a cream Daniel Quare, London ground with geometric strapwork and foliage, the trunk door painted in circa 1705 similar colours with geometric Arabesque foliage and strapwork designs inhabited with wonderful birds, storks, parakeets and butterflies, the base of A superbly decorated walnut the door painted with a house within an oval reserve, glazed brass framed and faux-Boulle six-month going lenticle, foliate carved giltwood volute trusses to the painted concave longcase clock, for the export moulding beneath the hood with similarly painted gilt-wood capped three- quarter columns, the foliate pierced gilt-wood sound frets beneath the market concave moulded caddy top with similar paintwork and surmounted by three ball-and-spire finials.

Dial 13 inch square brass dial with unusual baluster-shaped feet, crown-and-putti spandrels, silvered Roman and Arabic chapter-ring with sword-hilt half-hour and cross half-quarter marks (Quare’s engraver), delicately pierced and sculpted blued-steel hands, the finely matted centre with subsidiary seconds ring.

Duration 6-month. Movement 6 by 7⅞ inch heavy plates with six massive latched finned baluster pillars, typical of Quare’s later form, the wheel train with delicate anchor escapement and twin weight drive from two barrels and two large brass-cased weights.

Escapement Anchor. Provenance Private collection Germany. Christie’s, 2nd July 2004, lot 139 (£30,728).

Literature Garnier & Carter, The Golden Age of English Horology, 2015, p.318-321. Comments This clock was an export commission and, although highly unusual, the case form complies with London manufacture of this period and elements of the painted decoration conform with contemporary marquetry designs. The dial and movement bear the hallmarks of Quare’s manufacture but two of the dial feet have a Continental influence and may be replacements, why an important commission of this nature was ordered unsigned is a mystery.

107 15 88 15 Exhibit 32 Dimensions Height 11¾ inches, width 81⁄16 inches, depth 5¼ inches. The F.H. Green Case Ebony veneers and mouldings on an oak carcass, the domed top with foliate-tied handle, glazed sides with gilt-brass sound frets, front door Tompion, No. 286 with scroll escutcheons and shell-and-eagle sound fret, satyr mask mount circa 1697 to the lower rail, numbered 286 on front door sill. Dial 6¼ by 51⁄3 gilt-brass dial with three latched feet, signed THO·TOMPION A rare Phase 2 mid-size ebony + EDW·BANGER LONDINI FECIT above foliate scrolls flanked by strike/ and gilt-brass mounted striking silent and pendulum regulation rings, double-screwed ornate cherub’s table clock with pull-quarter head spandrels, silvered chapter-ring with blued-steel hands, mock repeat, finishedcirca 1702 pendulum and pinhole calendar apertures in matted centre. Duration 8-day. Movement 57⁄16 by 67⁄8 inch plates with the backplate signed THO·TOMPION + EDW·BANGER LONDINI FECIT in a cartouche within profuse foliate engraving (late G.195) with unusual strapwork and masks, punch- numbered 286 at the base. Seven latched baluster pillars and twin fusees, going train with pivoted verge escapement and spring-suspended lenticular pendulum, rise-and-fall lever with pinion adjustment through the dial. Strike train governed by rack-and-snail sounding the hours on the larger bell, Tompion’s pull-quarter system repeating the quarters on the smaller bell via double cocked interlocking blued-steel levers. Escapement Pivoted verge. Strike Type Hour striking with Tompion’s pull-quarter repeat via double cocked levers. Provenance FH Green. Sotheby’s, London, 16 Oct. 1986, lot 126. Christie’s, London, 3-4 July 1991, lot 296 (£75,000). Literature RW Symonds, Thomas Tompion, 1951, fig.127,132A,165, 190, 218 & 236. RW Symonds, Furniture Making in 17th & 18th Century England, London, 1955, fig. 352. Evans, Carter & Wright, Thomas Tompion 300 Years, p.350. Garnier & Carter, The Golden Age of English Horology, 2015, p.86-89. Exhibited London, Royal Exchange, A Loan Exhibition of Old English Clocks entirely the work of and signed by Tho. Tompion (1638-1713), 1933, cat. no. 21, where it is noted in error as clock no. 282. Comments The second in Tompion’s series of only twelve known mid-size table clocks and the first to incorporate his new ‘foliate tied’ handle and ‘Satyr mask’ door rail mount, produced especially for these smaller cases.

87 91 92 93 Exhibit 33 Diameter 48mm. George Graham, Case The gold repoussé consular case with a scene of Orpheus and Eurydice within shaped border symmetrical about four axes. The pendant with London, No. 5373 engraved floral decoration. Scratch-numbered to bezel flange. circa 1729 Dial The later white enamel Roman and Arabic dial with winding hole. Blued- steel beetle-and-poker hands, the minute hand shaped to pass over the A fine gold repoussé consular winding square. cased verge pocket watch with (later) enamel dial Movement The gilded brass fusee movement with Egyptian pillars signed Geo. Graham London 5373, winged balance cock with grotesque mask and diamond endstone. The gilded brass dust cover signed Geo. Graham London and scratch-numbered inside.

Escapement Cylinder. Provenance Sotheby’s, London, 18 March 1974, lot 28, & 27 Jan 1975, lot 218. Sotheby’s, London, 1 Oct. 1998, lot 256. D Penney (advert, Antiquarian Horology, Dec. 1999 p.132). Christie’s, London, 5 July 2006, lot 136 (£7,410).

Literature Garnier & Carter, The Golden Age of English Horology, 2015, p.160-161.

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95 Exhibit 34 Dimensions Height 12¼ inches, width 9¼ inches, depth 6¼ inches. Joseph Knibb, London Case Typical Knibb case, ebony veneered on oak with plain dome top and surmounted by a gilt-brass foliate-tied handle, the flat-top main circa 1680 moulding set above a square door with inset wood fret to the top rail and S-scroll and mask escutcheons, glazed rectangular side apertures, A very fine late Phase II ebony the base moulding typically sitting on an oak board with ebony veneered and gilt-brass Roman striking edges. table clock with velvet dial Dial The 6¼ inch square brass dial covered with black velvet and with latched feet, chapter-ring engraved with Roman hours with trident half-hour marks and Arabic numerals within the minute ring flanked by gilt winged-cherub spandrels with fine pierced and shaped fire-gilt hands.

Duration 8-day. Movement Fine movement, 4¾ by 6¾ inch plates, five latched ringed baluster pillars and twin fusees, going train with knife-edge verge escapement and short bob pendulum. Strike train governed by a countwheel to the backplate, striking the hours using Roman notation on the two bells above, the larger denoting V and the smaller I. The all-over tulip engraved backplate within a line border signed in an arc Joseph Knibb Londini fecit.

Escapement Knife-edge verge. Strike Type External countwheel Roman strike. Provenance Private collection, England. Literature Garnier & Carter, The Golden Age of English Horology, 2015, p.356-359. Comments This extraordinary and unique Joseph Knibb table clock is the only extant example of a velvet dial Phase II series Knibb with fire-gilt brass mounts.

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99 Exhibit 35 Dimensions Height 8 feet 1 inch, trunk 133⁄16 inches. The Cay Graham, Case Figured walnut veneers on oak, hood with dome top and three finials with finely pierced walnut frieze frets below, brass-capped Doric columns, with No. 681 concave throat mouldings, trunk door punch-numbered twice 681 on the dated 1728 leading edge, the inside face with Tompion equation table, the plinth with feather-banded inlaid panel above a double footed skirt. An important Type 3 walnut Dial 12 inch square gilt-brass latched dial with silvered Roman and Arabic 8-day longcase clock with original chapter-ring with lozenge half-hour marks, typical pierced blued-steel receipted bill of sale hands, the finely matted centre with subsidiary seconds ring, pin-hole adjusted calendar aperture and signed on an oval plaque Geo. Graham. London, Indian-mask-and-foliage spandrels interrupting the foliate- engraved border (G.515) with repeat signature at the base, bolt-and- shutter maintaining power lever between chapters II and III.

Duration 8-day. Movement 57⁄8 by 75⁄8 inch plates with six latched baluster pillars, going train with Graham's deadbeat escapement and original pendulum rod of rectangular section with calibrated rating nut, rack striking on a bell above, the backplate punch-stamped 681 at the base.

Escapement Deadbeat. Strike Type Rack hour striking. Provenance Robert Cay, 1649-1754, of North Charlton Hall, near Newcastle-upon-Tyne, bought directly from the maker in 1728 for 16gns. John Cay, his son d. 1782. Robert Hodson Cay, his son, who sold North Charlton Hall. John Cay of Edinburgh, his son, whose widow Geddes Cay left it to: William Dyce Cay, a cousin who sold his interest in the clock in February 1910 for £4·10s. to his sister, Margaret (Rita) Cay, d. 1921. Isabella Cay, Mrs Dunn, her sister, d. November 1934. Elaizabeth Mary Dunn, Mrs Giles, her daughter. Isabel Giles, her daughter, d. 1975. Her son, by whom sold, Christies, London, lot 64 17 July 1985.

Literature H Alan Lloyd, Old Clocks, 2nd Ed. 1958, p.106 fig.10 & pl.24 Garnier & Carter, The Golden Age of English Horology, 2015, p.156-159.

Comments This clock, the only one retaining the original signed receipt, contributed to Jeremy Evans’s dating of Graham’s clocks.

Exhibit 36 Dimensions Height 13¾ inches, width 8½ inches, depth 57⁄8 inches. Thos. Mudge & Case Breakarch, triple-pad case of ebonised fruitwood veneered on oak, surmounted by curved-base handle, arched glazed side panels within Willm. Dutton, London moulded frames. The breakarch door with moulded frame dial aperture, circa 1765 the base on ebonised moulded block feet. Dial The 6½ inch breakarch dial with rococo spandrels, subsidiary regulation A fine ebonised triple-pad top dial calibrated 0-60 to the arch with blued-steel hand and square striking table clock projection for use with a key. Strike/Not strike lever above XII, the finely matted centre with mock pendulum and a calendar aperture above VI. Signed on an oval plaque to the centre Thos. Mudge Willm. Dutton London. Roman and Arabic numerals to the chapter and blued-steel hands. Duration 8-day. Movement The exceptional twin-fusee movement, heavy, 5½ by 7¼ inch plates, five knopped pillars, going train with verge escapement and spring- suspended lenticular pendulum, pivoted regulation platform mounted on top of the plates, adjusted through the dial. Strike train governed by rack- and-snail sounding the hours on a bell. The plain backplate signed Thos. Mudge Willm. Dutton London. Escapement Pivoted verge. Strike Type Hour rack striking. Provenance Christie’s, London, 21 January 2010, lot 22 (£23,288). Literature Garnier & Carter, The Golden Age of English Horology, 2015, p.244-245.

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105 Exhibit 37 Dimensions Height 10 inches, width 6¼ inches, depth 5 inches. Howlett & Horne, Case The ormolu case with foliate finials to the pagoda top applied with moulded panels decorated with polychrome flowers on a dark blue ground, quatrefoil London circa 1780 sound frets to the frieze with unusual foliate drop finials to the corners, the body of the case with further panels of enamel to the back door and the sides A superb miniature ormolu and set with arched sound frets, the base resting on gilt cast elephant feet. enamel musical and quarter Dial 2⅜ inch circular white enamel dial with Roman and Arabic chapter chiming spring clock, made for and finely pierced gold hands with sweep centre seconds. The paste-set the Chinese market glazed bezel within a symmetrical frame of quatrefoil sound frets. Duration 8-day. Movement 3 by 5 inch plates with five tapered pillars, triple chain fusee movement, pivoted verge escapement with adjustable lenticular pendulum, three tune musical train with silvered selection disc on the backplate Highland Laddie · Prince Williams Return · La Tracie, the music playing on eight transverse-mounted bells with ten hammers, the quarters chiming on the same bells via a line of eight opposing hammers, the hours struck by one hammer on the largest bell, the plain backplate with rear winding squares, hand-setting button and signed Howlett & Horne London. Escapement Pivoted verge. Strike Type Musical and quarter chiming. Provenance Christie’s, London 1 July 2005, lot 124 (£74,400). Literature Garnier & Carter, The Golden Age of English Horology, 2015, p.430-433. Comments With a complex miniature musical movement, superb polychrome ‘Geneva’ enamelling and exquisite ormolu case with elephant feet, this clock was made for export and was most likely produced for a Chinese dignitary.

45 107 108 109 Exhibit 38 Dimensions Height 8 feet, trunk 10¾ inches. Anonymous circa 1675 Case The purpose-made ebonised fruitwood veneered case with architectural top with the tin lined chimney, the pediment and frieze above Corinthian columns, An exceptionally rare and the glazed sides with lamp drawer above on the right side, the convex throat important English longcase night moulding over paneled trunk door and sides, the plain base on four bun feet. clock Dial 10¾ by 13¼ inch gilt-brass engraved and painted dial with four latched feet, engraved perspectively with piers supporting an arch pierced with five- minute and quarter-hour markers, with grotesque mask keystone, its inner edge serrated for minute indication, with the upper corners densely engraved with stylised flowerheads. The lower section with a moral verse in two boxes below chequer-work tiling. The central painted scene of a tempietto set against a mountainous landscape, centred by a subsidiary serrated seconds ring, with revolving disc above, painted with dancing putti and incorporating two apertures, respectively revealing the successive hours displayed on a series of twelve pierced and linked brass plates, these carried around a ten- sided wheel, the sequence of the plates arranged with every fifth plate anti- clockwise being the next number to present itself through the aperture. Duration 8-day. Movement The five-sided pentagonal brass plates with seven latched finned baluster pillars, two train capped barrels with anchor escapement and outside countwheel strike on a bell mounted between the plates. Escapement Anchor. Strike Type Outside countwheel strike. Provenance Christie’s, London, 4th July 2007, lot 165 (£49,400). Literature Garnier & Carter, The Golden Age of English Horology, 2015, p.388-391. Comments The dial is reminiscent of the unsigned night clock attributed to the Fromanteel workshop in Horological Masterworks, Ticehurst, 2003 p.90, cat. no. 20.

111 15 Exhibit 39 Dimensions Height 6 foot 6½ inches, trunk 101⁄8 inches. Joseph Knibb, London Case Case of burr walnut veneered onto oak, rising hood with shallow dome top with three finials above a fretted frieze, the dial aperture flanked by circa 1685 Salomonic columns, the convex throat moulding above the rectangular trunk door framed with cross-grain D-section mouldings, ogee A walnut month-going longcase mouldings to the plinth on bun feet. clock with skeletonised dial Dial 10 inch square gilt-brass dial with four latched dial feet, the finely matted centre with seconds ring and calendar aperture above VI, well sculpted blued-steel hands. The skeletonised silvered chapter-ring with Roman hours and dot half-hours, every minute numbered. Flanked by winged- cherub spandrels; line border and signed Joseph Knibb Londini Fecit along the lower edge.

Duration Month. Movement Two-train weight-driven movement, 5¼ by 7½ inch plates, secured by five latched finned baluster pillars, going-train with anchor escapement. Strike train governed by an outside countwheel for the hours struck on a square sided bell above.

Escapement Anchor. Strike Type Hour countwheel strike. Literature Garnier & Carter, The Golden Age of English Horology, 2015, p.370-371. Comments Knibb reserved the use of his time consuming skeletonised dials for his more superior productions, usually of longer duration (as in this example) or with complicated striking.

112 15 Exhibit 40 Dimensions Height 10 inches, width 5¼ inches, depth 4 inches. William Johnson, Case The case of ebonised fruitwood on oak, with inverted-bell caddy over an arched top, the bow handle with tazza pommel, the sides inlaid with London circa 1830 brass, standing on raised turned and milled toupie feet.

A miniature ebonised and brass Dial 3 by 4 inch breakarch silvered brass dial signed to the arch Wm. Johnson, mounted mantel timepiece Strand, London with Roman chapter-ring and pierced steel hands. Duration 8-day. Movement 3¼ by 5 inch chamfer top plates with four pillars and single fusee. The going train with anchor escapement and adjustable lenticular pendulum with locking nut. The backplate signed W. Johnson Strand, London.

Escapement Anchor. Provenance Bonhams, 15 Dec. 2004, lot 139 (£9,218).

114 15

115 Exhibit 41 Dimensions Height 28 inches, width 15 inches depth 11 inches. The Medici Tompion, Case Ebony veneers on oak with profuse gilt-brass mounts, inverted-bell top surmounted by an equestrian figure on a panelled pedestal now No. 278 circa 1696 fronted by a reversed-C cypher, flanked by volutes; gadrooned flambeau urn finials, floral swags and a central cartouche with the Medici arms A highly important ebony and (for Cosimo III de Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany), surmounted by a gilt-brass three-train full grande coronet. Elaborate cast foliate sound frets to the sides with acanthus sonnerie striking table clock with dragon handles, Doric ebony columns and bellflower escutcheons, the trip repeat base with elaborate satyr mask and hooded masks to the front and sides, fitted with a drawer, the case supported on gilt-brass scrolling foot with swags of flowers and central Bacchus mask.

Dial 7¾ by 8¾ inch dial signed Thomas Tompion LONDINI Fecit in a palm frond cartouche flanked by silvered subsidiary dials, the left for pendulum regulation, the right engraved S6/N6 N1/S1, double-screwed Minerva mask-and-foliage spandrels, mock pendulum to matted centre, blued-steel hands.

Duration 8-day. Movement Triple fusee movement with 7¾ by 9¼ inch plates and seven latched baluster pillars, pendulum suspended from brass regulation bar, quarters able to strike on one or six bells, hours on a further bell. Trip quarter repeat via blued-steel interconnecting levers on the backplate which is signed Thomas Tompion LONDINI Fecit within a palm frond cartouche within profuse foliate engraving (G.155), punch-numbered 278 at the base.

Escapement Pivoted verge. Strike Type Three-train full grande sonnerie with trip repeat. Provenance Presented c.1700 with an unspecified number of other clocks and watches by William III of England and Holland to his cousin Cosimo III de’ Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany. Rediscovered 1985 and sold Christie’s, London, 26 Nov, 1985 lot 131 Private collection, Germany.

Literature R Garnier, ‘Striking Royal Connections’, Country Life, 6 Dec 1990. p.128. Evans, Carter & Wright, Thomas Tompion 300 Years, p.392-395. Garnier & Carter, The Golden Age of English Horology, 2015, p.80-85.

Exhibited London, British Museum, on loan 1986-93. London, BADA Grosvenor House Fair, 1989, England at the Time of William & Mary, cat. no.17.

Comments The bill for this clock was outstanding on the king’s death in 1702 and Tompion was obliged to petition William’s successor, Queen Anne, on 19 May 1703 praying payment of £564: 15s: due to him for Clocks & Watches &c presented by his late Ma.ty to the Duke of Florence, to which the queen’s minuted response was Her Ma.ty has no occasion for his clocks & Watches [London, Kew, National Archives, ten, T29/14, p.92].

116 15

117 15

118 15

119 15

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121 Hour rack Strike release Strike release hook detent arm

Hour rack

Triple quarter detent for locking gathering wheel

Hour gathering wheel cock Quarter gathering/ locking wheel Hour gathering/ locking Repeat trip wheel detent

Quarter Hour rack hook hammer tail Quarter rack assembly with Snotty nose nag’s head assembly

Quarter lever Snotty nose assembly with assembly nag’s head spring Snotty detent Quarter snail on minute Snotty nose wheel

Snotty wheel Hour snail for hour snail adjustment

Key to grande-sonnerie striking sequence Activated in ① passing or ❶ repeat ❹ Quarter strike released and hour strike ready ② ❷ Rack hook raised and gathering wheel locked ❺ Fail-safe snotty nose adjusts hour snail but only on ③ Quarter rack drops to engage snail the hour and first quarter ❻ 15 ❹ Quarter rack gathered and hour rack readied Hour rack drops to engage hour snail and locked ❼ Hour rack gathered ❹ Quarter detent operates quarter rack nag’s head ❽ Snotty returns to resting position The Medici Tompion’s three-train full grande-sonnerie striking and trip repeat system The striking is set up using the top right subsidiary ring:S/Son. for full strike, or N/Sil. for silent, but the clock will still repeat with either. The quarters are struck first (on either one or six bells, ❷ ❷ Quarter dependent on which has been chosen on the subsidiary), one run for ❷ Triple quarter detent rack hook raised quarter past and then in sequence going up to four runs on the hour, locks gathering wheel. followed at each quarter by the hour on a single larger bell. ❹ Assists nag’s head on The system is activated either in passing or by pulling the repeat release to clear quarter cords via the twin engaging levers on the back plate, which trips the lifting pins quarter work and in turn sets off the grande-sonnerie striking. The ❶ Trip left hand engaging lever has an arbor through to the front plate with release via the repeat trip detent which releases the quarter rack hook. Between Quarter pull repeat the plates the arbor has a detent which holds back the quarter train lifting pins until the lever is released, and a leaf spring mounted inside the back plate returns the engaging levers. The quarter snail is mounted on the front of the minute wheel which also has four equally spaced lifting pins mounted on the rear. The ❶ sequence begins approximately two minutes to the quarter when Passing release of one of the minute wheel pins lifts the quarter lever assembly via its nag’s head by minute pivoted and sprung nag’s head. As the assembly rises the linkage lifts wheel pins the rack hook assembly which also incorporates the rack tail and strike release arm. As the quarter lever assembly continues to rise the rack hook is lifted clear of the rack teeth but the gathering/locking wheel is prevented from turning by the middle lever of the triple quarter Quarter strike ready in passing or repeat detent until, at the quarter, the rack is allowed to drop. This is assisted by a spring which prevents bounce on the snail. As the rack drops a locking block moves away from the path of a corresponding block on the gathering wheel and the quarter train begins to turn, the gathering wheel starting the first of its revolutions, gathering one rack tooth during each turn. A pin positioned on the gathering wheel opposite the rack tooth pushes down on the triple quarter ❷ ❷ detent. This in turn engages an extension to the nag’s head so its tip Quarter rack clears the quarter lifting pin, allowing the whole quarter release arm hook raised to drop in readiness for the next quarter and the detent assembly to return to its former position. The gathering pallet performs its task and on the last lift the rack is brought back into the locked position. ❹ Hour rack When the quarter rack assembly drops, its strike release arm takes hook raised up a ‘cocked’ position while the quarters are sounding and as it falls and locked ❸ Nag’s head it passes the strike-release detent. The release arm is pivoted and engages snail sprung and its angled tip slides past the correspondingly angled tail of the strike-release detent. As the last quarter tooth is being gathered and the rack assembly release arm rises, it engages with the ❸ flat edge under the detent which is pinned at the other end and in Quarter rack turn lifts the hour rack hook and prepares the hour rack for release. drops and is then ❹ gathered As the hour rack hook is lifted it engages a sprung detent under the hour gathering wheel cock, and is thus held clear of the rack to allow a clean drop, and again a spring acting on the hour rack arbor helps ensure a safe drop. The strike train is released once a locking block Quarter strike released and hour strike ready

123 on the hour rack drops from the path of a corresponding locking block on the hour gathering wheel. The hour gathering wheel is similar to that of the quarter train except that it has two gathering pallets and the wheel gathers one rack tooth during each half turn. As the wheel turns, one pallet pushes aside the tail of the locking piece thus allowing the rack-hook to drop. The train continues to turn until the locking block on the rack engages with one of the locking blocks on the gathering wheel and the striking is finished. In order to provide an accurate number of hour blows when the repeat is activated just before or just after the hour, Tompion employed an ingenious system to avoid the possibility of the hour rack tail falling onto the wrong step of the hour snail. A ‘snotty nose’ assembly adjusts the position of the hour snail when the quarter rack tail engages the fourth and lowest step of the quarter snail. It works when the clock strikes in passing at the hour, and also if the repeat is activated during the first quarter. When the clock strikes the hour the position of the hour snail is adjusted so that the hour rack tail falls to the step of the new hour. When the quarter rack tail engages the lowest step of the quarter snail it engages the tail of the snotty detent which unlocks and activates the snotty nose. The ‘snotty nose’ travels upwards under the influence of its spring and engages one of twelve teeth of the snotty wheel running on the same pipe as the hour snail. The snotty wheel and snail are allowed a few degrees of forward movement against a light spring so that when the snotty nose engages the tooth the snail is shifted forwards presenting the next, correct, hour step to the hour rack-tail. During the first strike, the upper lever of the snotty nose assembly is engaged by a tail on the striking hammer and the snotty nose assembly is pushed back down, the angled tip of the middle lever pushing past the snotty detent which springs back to lock the assembly in its resting position.

Hour strike and snotty nose returns to rest

❶ Trip release via pull repeat lever and cord

Repeat trip detent lifts quarter rack hook, releasing the system ❹ Hour rack hook raised and locked

❸ Nag’s head engages snail and ❺ snotty detent

❺ Snotty nose holds snail in fail-safe position

Snotty nose for hour snail fail-safe

Hour strike and snotty nose returns to rest

❻ Hour rack drops and is then ❼ gathered

❽ Hammer tail Snotty detent locks snotty nose pushes snotty assembly in resting position nose back into resting position

❺ Snotty nose holds snail in fail-safe position 15

Index

William Addis, London. Mahogany brass-mounted striking table clock, circa 1775 ...... 78 Edward Banger, London. Silver jewelled train verge pocket watch, circa 1715 ...... 44 William Bowyer, London. First period striking lantern clock, circa 1630 ...... 46 Graham’s successor Thomas Colley, London. Ebonised Phase 3 table timepiece with alarm, circa 1755 ...... 12 Daniel Delander, London, No. 186. Gold quarter repeating verge pocket watch, circa 1725 ...... 72 Mattw. Dutton, London, No. 301. Mahogany triple pad striking table clock, circa 1795 ...... 26 Charles Goode, London. Ebonised quarter striking table clock, circa 1705 ...... 80 George Graham, London. Ebony breakarch table timepiece, circa 1725 ...... 48 The Cay Graham, No. 681. Walnut longcase with original bill of sale, dated 1728 ...... 100 George Graham, London, No. 5373. Gold verge pocket watch, circa 1729 ...... 94 George Graham, London, No. 698. Ebony Phase 3 spring table timepiece with alarm, circa 1731 ...... 74 George Graham, London, No. 881. Gold quarter repeating cylinder pocket watch, circa 1735 ...... 30 George Graham, London, No. 6022. Gold champleve dial cylinder pocket watch, circa 1741 ...... 56 The Redondo Graham Regulator. Walnut Type 3 month longcase regulator, circa 1740-5, ...... 14 George Graham, London. Ormolu striking spring clock, circa 1745 ...... 68 John Harrison. The Harrison Compass, signed and dated 1718 ...... 6 Nathanael Hodges, London. Ebony basket top quarter repeating table timepiece, circa 1690 ...... 24 Howlett & Horne, London. Chinese market ormolu and enamel musical table clock, circa 1780 ...... 106 William Johnson, London. Miniature ebonised mantel timepiece, circa 1830 ...... 114 Joseph Knibb, London. Ebony architectural table clock circa 1670-75 ...... 28 Joseph Knibb, London. Ebony Phase II Roman striking velvet dial table clock circa 1680 ...... 96 Joseph Knibb, London. Walnut quarter striking skeleton dial longcase circa 1680 ...... 38 Joseph Knibb, London. Walnut month skeleton dial longcase circa 1685 ...... 112 Thos. Mudge & Willm. Dutton, London. Ebonised triple pad striking table clock, circa 1765 ...... 104 Thos. Mudge & Will. Dutton, London. Mahogany enamel dial longcase, circa 1770 ...... 66 John Prou, London. Ebonised brass-mounted quarter striking table clock, circa 1740 ...... 64 Daniel Quare, London. Walnut month longcase circa 1700 ...... 82 Attributed to Daniel Quare, London. Faux-boulle six-month longcase circa 1705 ...... 86 Daniel Quare & Stephen Horseman, London, No. 173. Ebony striking quarter repeating table clock circa 1718 . . 42 Nathaniel Seddon, St. James’s, London. Small ebonised striking table clock, circa 1735 ...... 20 Jonathan Sisson, London. Brass horizontal sundial, circa 1745 ...... 84 The Roman-Striking Tompion. Ebony Type 1 Roman striking longcase, circa 1680 ...... 8 The Lancellotti Tompion, No. 119. Ebony Phase 1 striking quarter repeating table clock with travel box, circa 1688 . . 32 The Royal Exchange Tompion, No. 131. Walnut grande-sonnerie longcase, circa 1688 ...... 50 The Hereford Tompion, No. 252. Ebony Phase 1 quarter repeating table timepiece circa 1685 ...... 58 The Medici Tompion, No. 278. Ebony grande-sonnerie table clock, circa 1696 ...... 116 The F.H. Green Tompion, No. 286. Mid-size ebony Phase 2 striking quarter repeating table clock, circa 1697 . . . .90 Thos. Tompion & Geo. Graham, London, No. 4540. Gold champleve dial verge pocket watch, circa 1712 . . . . .22 Justin Vulliamy, London. Ebonised striking quarter repeating silent escapement table clock, circa 1775 ...... 70 Anonymous. Brass horizontal word-time sundial, circa 1870 ...... 85 Anonymous. Ebonised longcase night clock, circa 1675 ...... 110

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