DOCSLIB.ORG

Tree-Dwelling Ants: Contrasting Two Brazilian Cerrado Plant Species Without Extrafloral Nectaries

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Tree-Dwelling Ants: Contrasting Two Brazilian Cerrado Plant Species Without Extrafloral Nectaries Hindawi Publishing Corporation Psyche Volume 2012, Article ID 172739, 6 pages doi:10.1155/2012/172739 Research Article Tree-Dwelling Ants: Contrasting Two Brazilian Cerrado Plant Species without Extrafloral Nectaries Jonas Maravalhas,1 JacquesH.C.Delabie,2 Rafael G. Macedo,1 and Helena C. Morais1 1 Departamento de Ecologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade de Bras´ılia, 70910-900 Bras´ılia, DF, Brazil 2 Laboratorio´ de Mirmecologia, Convˆenio UESC/CEPLAC, Centro de Pesquisa do Cacau, CEPLAC, Cx. P. 07, 45600-000 Itabuna, BA, Brazil Correspondence should be addressed to Jonas Maravalhas, [email protected] Received 31 May 2011; Revised 28 June 2011; Accepted 30 June 2011 Academic Editor: Fernando Fernandez´ Copyright © 2012 Jonas Maravalhas et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Ants dominate vegetation stratum, exploiting resources like extrafloral nectaries (EFNs) and insect honeydew. These interactions are frequent in Brazilian cerrado and are well known, but few studies compare ant fauna and explored resources between plant species. We surveyed two cerrado plants without EFNs, Roupala montana (found on preserved environments of our study area) and Solanum lycocarpum (disturbed ones). Ants were collected and identified, and resources on each plant noted. Ant frequency and richness were higher on R. montana (67%; 35 spp) than S. lycocarpum (52%; 26), the occurrence of the common ant species varied between them, and similarity was low. Resources were explored mainly by Camponotus crassus and consisted of scale insects, aphids, and floral nectaries on R. montana and two treehopper species on S. lycocarpum. Ants have a high diversity on cerrado plants, exploring liquid and prey-based resources that vary in time and space and affect their presence on plants. 1. Introduction presented by Schoereder et al. [2] indicate that the presence of EFNs does not affect ant species richness within a given Foliage-dwelling ants are an important component in tropi- tree and there is no particular ant species composition typical ff cal environments [1–3], a ecting locally the composition of plants with EFNs. and abundance of other insect communities [4–6]and To link the richness and seasonal variation of ants to directly or indirectly driving mutualistic and trophic inter- attractive resources available on a particular plant species, actions in plant-herbivore-predator/parasite interactions [7– we compared ant assemblages on two species that do not 11]. High abundance and richness of ants on this stratum bear EFNs and are common of the cerrado region of central are due to a highly energetic liquid diet, mainly extrafloral Brazil: Roupala montana Aubl. (Proteaceae) and Solanum nectaries (EFNs) and hemipteran honeydew [12–14]. Ants lycocarpum St. Hill. (Solanaceae). In our sampling area, use a variety of resources from plants and their herbivores both plants have similar stature and structure, are consumed and these associations are facultative and vary temporally by myrmecophilous hemipterans [21, 22], and were found and spatially [1]. in different environments: R. montana occurring in native In the cerrado, a savanna-like vegetation in central cerrado vegetation, where S. lycocarpum is rarely found, Brazil, there is a high proportion of plants bearing EFNs, being common in altered areas at the borders of roads and representing up to 31% of the plant individuals surveyed agropastoral fields. The ability of S. lycocarpum to establish [15, 16] and a rich fauna of ants exploiting them [2, 17– itself in a wider range of environments supposedly leads 19]. A vast literature about direct and indirect associations to bigger ant richness, in contrast to R. montana. On the of ants and plants in this biome is available [20], but there other hand, impoverished areas, where S. lycocarpum occurs, are few studies comparing ant faunas and their resources can sustain weaker ant diversity, which can affect the ant between plant species, especially those without EFNs. Results fauna foraging on this species. We expect that differences 2 Psyche on the area of occurrence and resource availability between Table 1: Frequency of occurrence of ants and myrmecophilous these plant species may lead to important differences in the hemipterans on Roupala montana (Proteaceae) and Solanum lyco- composition of ant species. carpum (Solanaceae), in Fazenda Agua Limpa, Federal District, Brazil. Comparisons made with contingency tables. 2. Material and Methods Caracteristics Roupala Solanum χ2 P 2.1. Study Area. This study was conducted in the Fazenda Examined plants 327 431 Agua Limpa (15◦57S, 47◦54W), Federal District, Brazil. Plants with ants 218 226 15.517 0.0001 Plants with myrmecophilous This 4,500 ha farm belongs to the University of Brasilia 139 188 0.094 0.816 and includes mainly undisturbed cerrado vegetation and hemipterans Co-occurrence of ants and agro-silvo-pastoral experimental areas. The region has alti- 115 143 0.328 0.620 tudes around 1,050 m a.s.l., average annual temperature of hemipterans ◦ Plants with hemipterans 22 C, and average annual rainfall of 1,417 mm (series from 24 45 2.161 0.141 1980 to 2004, data from RECOR Meteorological Station, without ants Plants with ants without http://www.recor.org.br/), and a marked seasonality, with a 103 83 15.046 0.0001 lengthy dry season ranging from May to September and a wet hemipterans season from October to April. 2.2. Plant Species. Roupala montana is widely distributed period. Every ant observed on the plant was collected and in the Brazilian cerrado [23] and is abundant in cerrado the occurrence of myrmecophilous hemipterans registered. remnants of the Federal District. It is an evergreen shrub Roupala montana plants (n = 327) were examined between that simultaneously sheds leaves and produces new ones, April and September (dry season) of 2007 in a typical reaching up to three meters height, blooms for a long period cerrado vegetation area of 2 ha. Previous surveys in the during the year, and is pollinated by moths [24–26]. It same study area were made on this species during the wet hosts ant-tended hemipterans like scale insects (Coccoidea), season of 2006, when the focus was to collect the ants aphids (Aphidoidea), and, especially a leafhopper species, tending nymphs of Rotundicerus sp. (n = 116). Solanum Rotundicerus sp. (Cicadellidae and Idiocerinae), which forms lycocarpum plants (n = 431) were inspected between large aggregates of nymphs feeding on new leaves at the March 2007 and March 2008 along dirt roads that cross a beginning of the rainy season [21].Arichfaunaofcater- mosaic of environments, including typical and “campo sujo” pillars, including Hallonympha paucipuncta (Spitz, 1930) (a physiognomy dominated by herbaceous vegetation) native (Riodinidae) and at least 10 species of Lycaenidae, consumes cerrado areas, pastures and cultures of coffee, sorghum, and its leaves and inflorescences [27–29]. pine. The sampling area of S. lycocarpum wasmorewidely Solanum lycocarpum is an evergreen shrub with max- imum height of about two meters, being extremely com- spread than that of R. montana. mon in disturbed environments [30, 31]. New leaves and The mean similarity of ant species composition between flowers grow throughout the year, but flowers do not the two plant species was calculated by grouping the samples n = reward nectar to insects, and pollen is the floral resource of each month from April and October ( 7). The collected by bumblebees through buzz pollination behavior similarity indexes and rarefaction curves were generated [30]. Leaf surfaces are covered with simple glandular and using EstimateS [39]. The frequency tests were made using nonglandular trichomes and stellate trichomes [32]. The BioEstat 5.0 [40]. treehopper Enchenopa brasiliensis Strumpel,¨ 2007 (Mem- bracidae) is a common species feeding on apical meristems and inflorescences [22]. In the study area, two species of 3. Results Membracidae, one of Aetalionidae and an inderterminated Ants were more frequent on R. montana (67%) as compared number of species of scale insects were tended by ants on to S. lycocarpum (52%) and this difference was due to new leaves of this plant. One Cicadelidae species was very higher occurrence of ants on R. montana plants without abundant too on the same plants, but it was not associated myrmecophilous hemipterans (Table 1). Along the study with ants. Solanum lycocarpum leaves are eaten by several we collected a total of 45 ant species from 11 different microlepidoptera, especially Symmetrischema chloroneura (Meyrick, 1923) (Gelechiidae) [33], its stems are consumed genera. We recorded 35 species on R. montana and 26 on S. ± by gall-forming weevil, Collabismus clitellae Boheman, 1837 lycocarpum, with estimated richness (first order Jackknife (Curculionidae) [34] and its leaves and fruits are eaten standard deviation) of 40 (± 2.6) and 29 (± 2.3), respectively, by several species of mammals [31, 35–37]. Attini nests (Figure 1; Table 2). (Formicidae and Myrmicinae) favor the establishment of The frequency of occurrence of the most common ant seedlings and enhance nutrient in the leaves of S. lycocarpum species were different on the two plant species (Table 2) [38]. and the mean similarity (±sd) of the ant assemblages for the dry season was low (Sorensen Index = 0.419 ± 0.078), 2.3. Samples and Data Analysis. Individuals of both plant especially when the frequency of occurrence of ant species species were carefully examined always in the morning was considered (Morisita-Horn Index = 0.372 ± 0.167). Psyche 3 35 lycocarpum, but small ants, like some species belonging to the genera Brachymyrmex, Dorymyrmex, Pheidole, and 30 Solenopsis, possibly use this resource. Pseudomyrmex spp. were generally present (68%) on plants without myrme- 25 cophilous hemipterans. 20 4. Discussion 15 Ant species We found a high frequency of plants visited by ants, 10 showing the prevalence of ants foraging on cerrado plants, even during the dry season, when R.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Based on Comparative Morphological Data AF Emel'yanov Transactions of T
    The phylogeny of the Cicadina (Homoptera, Cicadina) based on comparative morphological data A.F. Emel’yanov Transactions of the All-Union Entomological Society Morphological principles of insect phylogeny The phylogenetic relationships of the principal groups of cicadine* insects have been considered on more than one occasion, commencing with Osborn (1895). Some phylogenetic schemes have been based only on data relating to contemporary cicadines, i.e. predominantly on comparative morphological data (Kirkaldy, 1910; Pruthi, 1925; Spooner, 1939; Kramer, 1950; Evans, 1963; Qadri, 1967; Hamilton, 1981; Savinov, 1984a), while others have been constructed with consideration given to paleontological material (Handlirsch, 1908; Tillyard, 1919; Shcherbakov, 1984). As the most primitive group of the cicadines have been considered either the Fulgoroidea (Kirkaldy, 1910; Evans, 1963), mainly because they possess a small clypeus, or the cicadas (Osborn, 1895; Savinov, 1984), mainly because they do not jump. In some schemes even the monophyletism of the cicadines has been denied (Handlirsch, 1908; Pruthi, 1925; Spooner, 1939; Hamilton, 1981), or more precisely in these schemes the Sternorrhyncha were entirely or partially depicted between the Fulgoroidea and the other cicadines. In such schemes in which the Fulgoroidea were accepted as an independent group, among the remaining cicadines the cicadas were depicted as branching out first (Kirkaldy, 1910; Hamilton, 1981; Savinov, 1984a), while the Cercopoidea and Cicadelloidea separated out last, and in the most widely acknowledged systematic scheme of Evans (1946b**) the last two superfamilies, as the Cicadellomorpha, were contrasted to the Cicadomorpha and the Fulgoromorpha. At the present time, however, the view affirming the equivalence of the four contemporary superfamilies and the absence of a closer relationship between the Cercopoidea and Cicadelloidea (Evans, 1963; Emel’yanov, 1977) is gaining ground.
    [Show full text]
  • Author Index to USDA Technical Bulletins
    USD Index to USDA United States Department of Agriculture Technical Bulletins Compiled in March 2003 by: ARS Ellen Kay Miller Agricultural D.C. Reference Center Research Service National Agricultural Library Agricultural Research Service U.S. Department of Agriculture NAL Updated November 2003 National Agricultural Library National Agricultural Library Cataloging Record: Miller, Ellen K. Index to USDA Technical Bulletins 1. United States. Dept. of Agriculture--Periodicals, Indexes. I. Title. aZ5073.I52-1993 Contents USDA Technical Bulletins by Title USDA Technical Bulletins by Number - 1-1906 Subject Index (with links to Bulletin Title) Author Index (with links to Bulletin Title) The National Agricultural Library call number of each Agriculture Information Bulletin is (1--Ag84Te-no.xxx), where xxx is the series document number of the publication. Titles held by the National Agricultural Library can be verified in the Library's AGRICOLA database. To obtain copies of these documents, contact your local or state libraries, including public libraries, land-grant university libraries, or other large research libraries. Note: An older edition of this document was published in 1993: Index to USDA Technical Bulletins, Numbers 1-1802. The current edition is an Internet-based document, and includes links to full-text USDA Technical Bulletins on the Internet. Technical Bulletins by Title Skip Navigation Bar | By Title | By Number | Subject Index | Author Index Go to: A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | A Accounting for the environment in agriculture. Hrubovcak, James; LeBlanc, Michael, and Eakin, B.
    [Show full text]
  • Tree-Dwelling Ants: Contrasting Two Brazilian Cerrado Plant Species Without Extrafloral Nectaries
    Hindawi Publishing Corporation Psyche Volume 2012, Article ID 172739, 6 pages doi:10.1155/2012/172739 Research Article Tree-Dwelling Ants: Contrasting Two Brazilian Cerrado Plant Species without Extrafloral Nectaries Jonas Maravalhas,1 JacquesH.C.Delabie,2 Rafael G. Macedo,1 and Helena C. Morais1 1 Departamento de Ecologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade de Bras´ılia, 70910-900 Bras´ılia, DF, Brazil 2 Laboratorio´ de Mirmecologia, Convˆenio UESC/CEPLAC, Centro de Pesquisa do Cacau, CEPLAC, Cx. P. 07, 45600-000 Itabuna, BA, Brazil Correspondence should be addressed to Jonas Maravalhas, [email protected] Received 31 May 2011; Revised 28 June 2011; Accepted 30 June 2011 Academic Editor: Fernando Fernandez´ Copyright © 2012 Jonas Maravalhas et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Ants dominate vegetation stratum, exploiting resources like extrafloral nectaries (EFNs) and insect honeydew. These interactions are frequent in Brazilian cerrado and are well known, but few studies compare ant fauna and explored resources between plant species. We surveyed two cerrado plants without EFNs, Roupala montana (found on preserved environments of our study area) and Solanum lycocarpum (disturbed ones). Ants were collected and identified, and resources on each plant noted. Ant frequency and richness were higher on R. montana (67%; 35 spp) than S. lycocarpum (52%; 26), the occurrence of the common ant species varied between them, and similarity was low. Resources were explored mainly by Camponotus crassus and consisted of scale insects, aphids, and floral nectaries on R.
    [Show full text]
  • The Complete Mitochondrial Genome of Four Hylicinae (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae): Structural Features and Phylogenetic Implications
    insects Article The Complete Mitochondrial Genome of Four Hylicinae (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae): Structural Features and Phylogenetic Implications Jiu Tang y , Weijian Huang y and Yalin Zhang * Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management, Ministry of Education, Entomological Museum, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; [email protected] (J.T.); [email protected] (W.H.) * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +86-029-87092190 These two authors contributed equally in this study. y Received: 19 November 2020; Accepted: 4 December 2020; Published: 7 December 2020 Simple Summary: Hylicinae, containing 43 described species in 13 genera of two tribes, is one of the most morphologically unique subfamilies of Cicadellidae. Phylogenetic studies on this subfamily were mainly based on morphological characters or several gene fragments and just involved single or two taxa. No mitochondrial genome was reported in Hylicinae before. Therefore, we sequenced and analyzed four complete mtgenomes of Hylicinae (Nacolus tuberculatus, Hylica paradoxa, Balala fujiana, and Kalasha nativa) for the first time to reveal mtgenome characterizations and reconstruct phylogenetic relationships of this group. The comparative analyses showed the mtgenome characterizations of Hylicinae are similar to members of Membracoidea. In phylogenetic results, Hylicinae was recovered as a monophyletic group in Cicadellidae and formed to the sister group of Coelidiinae + Iassinae. These results provide the comprehensive framework and worthy information toward the future researches of this subfamily. Abstract: To reveal mtgenome characterizations and reconstruct phylogenetic relationships of Hylicinae, the complete mtgenomes of four hylicine species, including Nacolus tuberculatus, Hylica paradoxa, Balala fujiana, and Kalasha nativa, were sequenced and comparatively analyzed for the first time.
    [Show full text]
  • From Museum Specimen Database to Ecological Statement
    From Museum Specimen Database to Ecological Statement Christine A. Johnson1, Richard K. Rabeler2, Charles Bartlett3 © Tom Murray @Rob Naczi © Tom Murray 2 1 3 SPNHC – Cardiff - 2014 Tri-trophic Digitization Thematic Collections Network PI: Randall“Toby” Schuh (AMNH) 32 institutions: 18 insect collections, 14 herbaria NYBG is lead on botanical digitization, AMNH on entomological MAINE OSAC MIN UMEC CUIC MICH NY WIS EMC AMNH ISC CMNH CDFA INHS UDCC EMEC ILL CSUC MU CAS ILLS SEMC COLO MO UKIC KANU NCSU UCRC MEM Herbaria TEX Insect Collections TAMU BPBM Goals Plants Image and database 1.26M specimens from 20 families of vascular plants Unify these with 3.5M specimens from 3 data providers Mobilize total of 6.06M specimens Bugs Database 1.16M specimens from 92 families of Hemiptera Unify these with .38M specimens from 3 data providers Image selected specimens Parasitoids Database 45K specimens from 5 families of Hymenoptera Integrate trophic levels (7.65M records) in Discover Life Progress on Goals Start of Year 4 Botany: (currently at NY) 1,003 M images (79% of expected) data capture and georeferencing varies from skeletal to complete Insects + Parasitoids: 825K records completed (73.3% of expected) Happening Just Last Week Utilization of Collection Data Workshop UC-Riverside, June 17-18, 2014 data-mining and species distribution modeling use Tri-trophic Database as platform targeted to systematists and ecologists From Museum Specimen Database to Ecological Statement: Data Quality Inspection From Museum Specimen Database
    [Show full text]
  • Trophobiosis Between Formicidae and Hemiptera (Sternorrhyncha and Auchenorrhyncha): an Overview
    December, 2001 Neotropical Entomology 30(4) 501 FORUM Trophobiosis Between Formicidae and Hemiptera (Sternorrhyncha and Auchenorrhyncha): an Overview JACQUES H.C. DELABIE 1Lab. Mirmecologia, UPA Convênio CEPLAC/UESC, Centro de Pesquisas do Cacau, CEPLAC, C. postal 7, 45600-000, Itabuna, BA and Depto. Ciências Agrárias e Ambientais, Univ. Estadual de Santa Cruz, 45660-000, Ilhéus, BA, [email protected] Neotropical Entomology 30(4): 501-516 (2001) Trofobiose Entre Formicidae e Hemiptera (Sternorrhyncha e Auchenorrhyncha): Uma Visão Geral RESUMO – Fêz-se uma revisão sobre a relação conhecida como trofobiose e que ocorre de forma convergente entre formigas e diferentes grupos de Hemiptera Sternorrhyncha e Auchenorrhyncha (até então conhecidos como ‘Homoptera’). As principais características dos ‘Homoptera’ e dos Formicidae que favorecem as interações trofobióticas, tais como a excreção de honeydew por insetos sugadores, atendimento por formigas e necessidades fisiológicas dos dois grupos de insetos, são discutidas. Aspectos da sua evolução convergente são apresenta- dos. O sistema mais arcaico não é exatamente trofobiótico, as forrageadoras coletam o honeydew despejado ao acaso na folhagem por indivíduos ou grupos de ‘Homoptera’ não associados. As relações trofobióticas mais comuns são facultativas, no entanto, esta forma de mutualismo é extremamente diversificada e é responsável por numerosas adaptações fisiológicas, morfológicas ou comportamentais entre os ‘Homoptera’, em particular Sternorrhyncha. As trofobioses mais diferenciadas são verdadeiras simbioses onde as adaptações mais extremas são observadas do lado dos ‘Homoptera’. Ao mesmo tempo, as formigas mostram adaptações comportamentais que resultam de um longo período de coevolução. Considerando-se os inse- tos sugadores como principais pragas dos cultivos em nível mundial, as implicações das rela- ções trofobióticas são discutidas no contexto das comunidades de insetos em geral, focalizan- do os problemas que geram em Manejo Integrado de Pragas (MIP), em particular.
    [Show full text]
  • New Records of Myrmicine Ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) for Colombia
    Revista238 Colombiana de Entomología 44 (2): 238-259 (Julio - Diciembre 2018) DOI: 10.25100/socolen.v44i2.7115 New records of myrmicine ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) for Colombia Nuevos registros de hormigas Myrmicinae (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) para Colombia ROBERTO J. GUERRERO1, FERNANDO FERNÁNDEZ2, MAYRON E. ESCÁRRAGA3, LINA F. PÉREZ-PEDRAZA4, FRANCISCO SERNA5, WILLIAM P. MACKAY6, VIVIAN SANDOVAL7, VALENTINA VERGARA8, DIANA SUÁREZ9, EMIRA I. GARCÍA10, ANDRÉS SÁNCHEZ11, ANDRÉS D. MENESES12, MARÍA C. TOCORA13 and JEFFREY SOSA-CALVO14 Abstract: Colombia is a country with a high diversity of ants; however, several new taxa are still being reported for the country. Forty seven new records for the country are registered here, all in the subfamily Myrmicinae: one new species record for the genera Adelomyrmex, Allomerus, Kempfidris, Megalomyrmex, Octostruma and Tranopelta; two for Rogeria; five for Myrmicocrypta; six for Procryptocerus; seven for Cephalotes; ten for Pheidole and eleven for Strumigenys. Three of these new records are invasive or tramp species, Pheidole indica, Strumigenys emmae, and Strumigenys membranifera. Three species are also recorded for the first time in South America: Pheidole sicaria, Procryptocerus tortuguero, and Strumigenys manis. The ant genus Kempfidris is recorded for the first time for Colombia. All species are commented. Currently, the diversity of ants in Colombia approaches 1,200 known species in 105 genera. Key words: Amazon rainforest, Andean region, biodiversity, Colombian fauna, Formicidae, Neotropical region, tramp species. Resumen: Colombia es un país con alta diversidad de hormigas, sin embargo, nuevos taxones se siguen registrando para el país. Cuarenta y siete nuevos registros se relacionan aquí, todos dentro de la subfamilia Myrmicinae: Uno para los géneros Adelomyrmex, Allomerus, Kempfidris, Megalomyrmex, Octostruma y Tranopelta; dos para Rogeria; cinco para Myrmicocrypta; seis para Procryptocerus; siete para Cephalotes; diez para Pheidole y once para Strumigenys.
    [Show full text]
  • Diversity and Distribution of Hymenoptera Aculeata in Midwestern Brazilian Dry Forests
    See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/264895151 Diversity and Distribution of Hymenoptera Aculeata in Midwestern Brazilian Dry Forests Chapter · September 2014 CITATIONS READS 2 457 6 authors, including: Rogerio Silvestre Manoel F Demétrio UFGD - Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados UFGD - Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados 41 PUBLICATIONS 539 CITATIONS 8 PUBLICATIONS 27 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE SEE PROFILE Bhrenno Trad Felipe Varussa de Oliveira Lima UFGD - Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados 4 PUBLICATIONS 8 CITATIONS 8 PUBLICATIONS 8 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE SEE PROFILE Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these related projects: Phylogeny and Biogeography of genus Eremnophila Menke, 1964 (HYMENOPTERA: Sphecidae) View project Functional diversity, phylogeny, ethology and biogeography of Hymenoptera in the chacoan subregion View project All content following this page was uploaded by Rogerio Silvestre on 28 November 2014. The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file. 28 R. Silvestre, M. Fernando Demétrio, B. Maykon Trad et al. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH - PHYSICAL, CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL FACTORS DRY FORESTS ECOLOGY, SPECIES DIVERSITY AND SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT FRANCIS ELIOTT GREER EDITOR Copyright © 2014 by Nova Science Publishers, Inc. Diversity and Distribution of Hymenoptera Aculeata ... 29 In: Dry Forests ISBN: 978-1-63321-291-6 Editor: Francis Eliott Greer © 2014 Nova Science Publishers, Inc. Chapter 2 DIVERSITY AND DISTRIBUTION
    [Show full text]
  • Seasonal Abundance and Diversity of Arthropods on Acacia Mangium (Fabales: Fabaceae) Trees As Windbreaks in the Cerrado F
    Seasonal abundance and diversity of arthropods on Acacia mangium (Fabales: Fabaceae) trees as windbreaks in the cerrado F. W. S. Silva1,2,*, G. L. D. Leite1, R. E. M. Guañabens1, R. A. Sampaio1, C. A. G. Gusmão1, J. E. Serrão3 and J. C. Zanuncio4 Abstract Our aim was to assess the seasonal abundance and diversity of arthropods on Acacia mangium Willd. (Fabales: Fabaceae) trees. Phytophagous arthropods, natural enemies and pollinators were quantified biweekly in 20 trees during 3 years. The Shannon biodiversity index (H’) of arthro- pods was greater in the summer and smaller in the winter and spring on A. magium. The diversities of species and abundances of individuals of all arthropod taxa were greater in the autumn and smaller in the winter and in the spring. The H’ index of arthropods was greater in 2005 and smaller in 2007. The diversity of species and abundance of individuals of phytophagous taxa were greater in 2005 and 2006, respectively, whereas those of natural enemies and pollinators was greater in 2006. Aethalion reticulatum L. (Hemiptera: Aetalionidae) was the most abundant phytophagous species found in the various seasons, while Camponotus sp.2 (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), Trigona spinipes Fabricius (Hymenoptera: Apidae, Meliponini), Tetragonisca angustula Latreille (Hymenoptera: Meliponinae, Meliponini) and Polistes sp. (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) were the most abundant natural enemies and pollinators. The great diversity of predators on this tree species can explain the little damage to its leaves. These results may be applied to support programs of pest control and maintenance of natural enemies and pollinators in future plantations of A. mangium. Key Words: biodiversity; insects, phytophagous; natural enemies and pollinators Resumen Nuestro objetivo era evaluar la abundancia y diversidad estacional de artrópodos en Acacia mangium Willd.
    [Show full text]
  • Riqueza De Espécies De Formigas (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) Em Duas Fitofisionomias De Cerrado No Município De Ipameri, Go, Brasil
    UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL PAULISTA “JULIO DE MESQUITA FILHO” FACULDADE DE CIÊNCIAS AGRÁRIAS E VETERINÁRIAS CAMPUS DE JABOTICABAL RIQUEZA DE ESPÉCIES DE FORMIGAS (HYMENOPTERA: FORMICIDAE) EM DUAS FITOFISIONOMIAS DE CERRADO NO MUNICÍPIO DE IPAMERI, GO, BRASIL Camila Alves Rodrigues Engenheira Agrônoma JABOTICABAL - SÃO PAULO - BRASIL Janeiro de 2014 UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL PAULISTA “JULIO DE MESQUITA FILHO” FACULDADE DE CIÊNCIAS AGRÁRIAS E VETERINÁRIAS CAMPUS DE JABOTICABAL RIQUEZA DE ESPÉCIES DE FORMIGAS (HYMENOPTERA: FORMICIDAE) EM DUAS FITOFISIONOMIAS DE CERRADO NO MUNICÍPIO DE IPAMERI, GO, BRASIL Camila Alves Rodrigues Orientadora: Profa. Dra. Nilza Maria Martinelli Coorientador: Prof. Dr. Márcio da Silva Araújo Tese apresentada à Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias – UNESP, Campus de Jaboticabal, como parte das exigências para a obtenção do título de Doutor em Agronomia (Entomologia Agrícola). JABOTICABAL - SÃO PAULO - BRASIL Janeiro de 2014 Rodrigues, Camila Alves R696r Riqueza de espécies de formigas (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) em duas fitofisionomias de Cerrado no município de Ipameri, GO, Brasil. / Camila Alves Rodrigues. – – Jaboticabal, 2014 v, 98 p. : il. ; 28 cm Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, 2014 Orientadora: Nilza Maria Martinelli Coorientador: Márcio da Silva Araújo Banca examinadora: Francisco Jorge Cividanes, Nelson Wanderley Perioto, Douglas Henrique Bottura Maccagnan, Edison Ryoiti Sujii Bibliografia 1. Mirmecofauna. 2. Cerradão. 3. Cerrado sentido restrito. 4. Armadilha de solo. 5. Interação formiga-planta. Título. II. Jaboticabal- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias. CDU 595.796 Ficha catalográfica elaborada pela Seção Técnica de Aquisição e Tratamento da Informação – Serviço Técnico de Biblioteca e Documentação - UNESP, Câmpus de Jaboticabal. DADOS CURRICULARES DO AUTOR Camila Alves Rodrigues - filha de Elisa das Graças Ferreira Rodrigues e Remisson Alves Rodrigues, nasceu em Ipameri, no Estado de Goiás, em 9 de outubro de 1984.
    [Show full text]
  • Hymenoptera: Formicidae) for Colombia
    Revista238 Colombiana de Entomología 44 (2): 238-259 (Julio - Diciembre 2018) DOI: 10.25100/socolen.v44i2.7115 New records of myrmicine ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) for Colombia Nuevos registros de hormigas Myrmicinae (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) para Colombia ROBERTO J. GUERRERO1, FERNANDO FERNÁNDEZ2, MAYRON E. ESCÁRRAGA3, LINA F. PÉREZ-PEDRAZA4, FRANCISCO SERNA5, WILLIAM P. MACKAY6, VIVIAN SANDOVAL7, VALENTINA VERGARA8, DIANA SUÁREZ9, EMIRA I. GARCÍA10, ANDRÉS SÁNCHEZ11, ANDRÉS D. MENESES12, MARÍA C. TOCORA13 and JEFFREY SOSA-CALVO14 Abstract: Colombia is a country with a high diversity of ants; however, several new taxa are still being reported for the country. Forty seven new records for the country are registered here, all in the subfamily Myrmicinae: one new species record for the genera Adelomyrmex, Allomerus, Kempfidris, Megalomyrmex, Octostruma and Tranopelta; two for Rogeria; five for Myrmicocrypta; six for Procryptocerus; seven for Cephalotes; ten for Pheidole and eleven for Strumigenys. Three of these new records are invasive or tramp species, Pheidole indica, Strumigenys emmae, and Strumigenys membranifera. Three species are also recorded for the first time in South America: Pheidole sicaria, Procryptocerus tortuguero, and Strumigenys manis. The ant genus Kempfidris is recorded for the first time for Colombia. All species are commented. Currently, the diversity of ants in Colombia approaches 1,200 known species in 105 genera. Key words: Amazon rainforest, Andean region, biodiversity, Colombian fauna, Formicidae, Neotropical region, tramp species. Resumen: Colombia es un país con alta diversidad de hormigas, sin embargo, nuevos taxones se siguen registrando para el país. Cuarenta y siete nuevos registros se relacionan aquí, todos dentro de la subfamilia Myrmicinae: Uno para los géneros Adelomyrmex, Allomerus, Kempfidris, Megalomyrmex, Octostruma y Tranopelta; dos para Rogeria; cinco para Myrmicocrypta; seis para Procryptocerus; siete para Cephalotes; diez para Pheidole y once para Strumigenys.
    [Show full text]
  • Nomina Insecta Nearctica Table of Contents
    5 NOMINA INSECTA NEARCTICA TABLE OF CONTENTS Generic Index: Dermaptera -------------------------------- 73 Introduction ----------------------------------------------------------------- 9 Species Index: Dermaptera --------------------------------- 74 Structure of the Check List --------------------------------- 11 Diplura ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 77 Original Orthography ---------------------------------------- 13 Classification: Diplura --------------------------------------- 79 Species and Genus Group Name Indices ----------------- 13 Alternative Family Names: Diplura ----------------------- 80 Structure of the database ------------------------------------ 14 Statistics: Diplura -------------------------------------------- 80 Ending Date of the List -------------------------------------- 14 Anajapygidae ------------------------------------------------- 80 Methodology and Quality Control ------------------------ 14 Campodeidae -------------------------------------------------- 80 Classification of the Insecta -------------------------------- 16 Japygidae ------------------------------------------------------ 81 Anoplura -------------------------------------------------------------------- 19 Parajapygidae ------------------------------------------------- 81 Classification: Anoplura ------------------------------------ 21 Procampodeidae ---------------------------------------------- 82 Alternative Family Names: Anoplura --------------------- 22 Generic Index: Diplura --------------------------------------
    [Show full text]